Over the last few years, tremendous progress has been gained in the generation and application of ultrashort radiation pulses. Recently, free-electron lasers generating ultrashort pulses with high peak power from the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) to the soft-x-ray region are opening a wide range of new scientific opportunities. Taking advantage of this short timescale permits probing ultrafast, out-of-equilibrium dynamics and the high intensities are key for nonlinear optics. The core structure of the extremely important light elements carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen can be accessed by soft-x-ray wavelengths by providing chemical sensitivity. Externally seeded free-electron lasers generate coherent pulses with the ability to be synchronized with femtosecond accuracy. In this contribution, we present new achievements in the generation of coherent ultrashort pulses in the range of EUV to the soft-x-ray in externally seeded FELs. In particular, we present the recently successful robust experiment at FERMI in Trieste, where few-femtosecond extreme-ultraviolet pulses were generated and characterized in terms of energy, and duration via autocorrelation.
{"title":"Generation and measurement of ultrashort free electron laser pulses in ultraviolet and soft-x-ray spectral regions","authors":"N. Mirian","doi":"10.1117/12.2665832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2665832","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last few years, tremendous progress has been gained in the generation and application of ultrashort radiation pulses. Recently, free-electron lasers generating ultrashort pulses with high peak power from the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) to the soft-x-ray region are opening a wide range of new scientific opportunities. Taking advantage of this short timescale permits probing ultrafast, out-of-equilibrium dynamics and the high intensities are key for nonlinear optics. The core structure of the extremely important light elements carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen can be accessed by soft-x-ray wavelengths by providing chemical sensitivity. Externally seeded free-electron lasers generate coherent pulses with the ability to be synchronized with femtosecond accuracy. In this contribution, we present new achievements in the generation of coherent ultrashort pulses in the range of EUV to the soft-x-ray in externally seeded FELs. In particular, we present the recently successful robust experiment at FERMI in Trieste, where few-femtosecond extreme-ultraviolet pulses were generated and characterized in terms of energy, and duration via autocorrelation.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124480749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Šulc, M. Jelínek, M. Němec, H. Jelínková, K. Nejezchleb, S. Uxa
The goal of this work was an investigation of Ho:YAP (Ho:YAlO3) crystal as an active medium of resonantly longitudinally pumped multi-watt microchip laser operating at 2.1 ¹m spectral region. Three Ho:YAP crystals,a"-cut, b"-cut, and c"-cut Pbnm, with the same dimensions (7mm long, 3mm in diameter) and Ho-doping concentration (1.06 at.% Ho/Y) were compared. Resonator mirrors were deposited directly on the crystals faces. The output coupler transmission for desired laser emission wavelength range 2.1 µm was 11% and T = 3% @ 1.94 µm. The pumping mirror was highly reflecting at 2.1 µm and T = 89% @ 1.94 µm. Samples were fixed in air-cooled Cu-heatsink and longitudinally pumped by a CW Tm-fibre laser with the maximum output power amplitude of 12W @ 1939.2nm behind a focusing lens (f = 200 mm). The laser output power, emission wavelength, and output beam profile were measured in respect to incident pumping power. All three lasers had similar input-output power characteristics with the laser threshold close to 1.5W and slope efficiencies reaching quantum limit in respect to the incident pumping power. The best result (slope efficiency 79 %, laser threshold 1.54W, max output power 8.2W in an almost diffraction-limited, linearly polarized beam) was reached for microchip laser using b"-cut Ho:YAP crystal. Laser emission wavelength was 2119nm for a"-cut and b"-cut Ho:YAP and 2132nm for c"-cut Ho:YAP-based microchip laser. The designed lasers can serve as compact wavelength converters for laser radiation and could be used to expand capabilities of current Tm-fibre lasers used in medicine and industry preserving the overall system efficiency.
{"title":"Influence of crystal orientation on Ho:YAP microchip laser generation","authors":"J. Šulc, M. Jelínek, M. Němec, H. Jelínková, K. Nejezchleb, S. Uxa","doi":"10.1117/12.2665634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2665634","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this work was an investigation of Ho:YAP (Ho:YAlO3) crystal as an active medium of resonantly longitudinally pumped multi-watt microchip laser operating at 2.1 ¹m spectral region. Three Ho:YAP crystals,a\"-cut, b\"-cut, and c\"-cut Pbnm, with the same dimensions (7mm long, 3mm in diameter) and Ho-doping concentration (1.06 at.% Ho/Y) were compared. Resonator mirrors were deposited directly on the crystals faces. The output coupler transmission for desired laser emission wavelength range 2.1 µm was 11% and T = 3% @ 1.94 µm. The pumping mirror was highly reflecting at 2.1 µm and T = 89% @ 1.94 µm. Samples were fixed in air-cooled Cu-heatsink and longitudinally pumped by a CW Tm-fibre laser with the maximum output power amplitude of 12W @ 1939.2nm behind a focusing lens (f = 200 mm). The laser output power, emission wavelength, and output beam profile were measured in respect to incident pumping power. All three lasers had similar input-output power characteristics with the laser threshold close to 1.5W and slope efficiencies reaching quantum limit in respect to the incident pumping power. The best result (slope efficiency 79 %, laser threshold 1.54W, max output power 8.2W in an almost diffraction-limited, linearly polarized beam) was reached for microchip laser using b\"-cut Ho:YAP crystal. Laser emission wavelength was 2119nm for a\"-cut and b\"-cut Ho:YAP and 2132nm for c\"-cut Ho:YAP-based microchip laser. The designed lasers can serve as compact wavelength converters for laser radiation and could be used to expand capabilities of current Tm-fibre lasers used in medicine and industry preserving the overall system efficiency.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122824671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Říha, H. Jelínková, M. Doroshenko, M. Němec, J. Šulc, M. Čech, V. Badikov
The spectral and laser characteristics of two anti-reflection (AR) coated Cr:ZnSe single crystals 3 mm and 5 mm long were investigated under ~1.7 μm laser diode pumping. The crystals were assembled in a copper holder actively cooled by circulating water. Room temperature absorption and fluorescence spectra were measured, together with the fluorescence lifetime of Cr2+ ions were measured. The influence of the pump pulse durations on the output laser power was investigated. The mean output power of ~2.7 W in CW mode at the wavelength of ~2.4 μm (~24% slope efficiency) was obtained with the 5 mm thick AR coated sample. In this case the M2 beam parameter of ~1.1±0.1 and the beam waist diameter of ~42±4 μm which corresponds to the maximum (in the beam waist) laser power density of ~200 kW/cm2. Furthermore, using a MgF2 birefringent plate, the laser output was tuned from ~2.05 μm up to ~2.65 μm with a spectral linewidth of ~5-10 nm and a Gaussian beam profile. The mean laser output power in the broad mid-infrared range of ~2.1-2.52 μm exceeded 1 W, which corresponds to a power density of at least ~73.5 kW/cm2.
{"title":"Laser-diode-pumped Cr:ZnSe CW laser tunable in mid-IR range of 2.05-2.65μm","authors":"A. Říha, H. Jelínková, M. Doroshenko, M. Němec, J. Šulc, M. Čech, V. Badikov","doi":"10.1117/12.2665334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2665334","url":null,"abstract":"The spectral and laser characteristics of two anti-reflection (AR) coated Cr:ZnSe single crystals 3 mm and 5 mm long were investigated under ~1.7 μm laser diode pumping. The crystals were assembled in a copper holder actively cooled by circulating water. Room temperature absorption and fluorescence spectra were measured, together with the fluorescence lifetime of Cr2+ ions were measured. The influence of the pump pulse durations on the output laser power was investigated. The mean output power of ~2.7 W in CW mode at the wavelength of ~2.4 μm (~24% slope efficiency) was obtained with the 5 mm thick AR coated sample. In this case the M2 beam parameter of ~1.1±0.1 and the beam waist diameter of ~42±4 μm which corresponds to the maximum (in the beam waist) laser power density of ~200 kW/cm2. Furthermore, using a MgF2 birefringent plate, the laser output was tuned from ~2.05 μm up to ~2.65 μm with a spectral linewidth of ~5-10 nm and a Gaussian beam profile. The mean laser output power in the broad mid-infrared range of ~2.1-2.52 μm exceeded 1 W, which corresponds to a power density of at least ~73.5 kW/cm2.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128092955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Laksman, F. Dietrich, J. Liu, T. Maltezopoulos, N. Kujala, M. Planas, W. Freund, S. Francoual, J. Grünert
We have developed and commissioned an angle-resolved photoelectron spectrometer, based on the electron time-of-flight concept, for hard x-ray photon diagnostics at the European Free-Electron Laser. The instrument provides users and operators with pulse-resolved, non-invasive spectral distribution diagnostics, which in the hard x-ray regime is a challenge due to the poor cross-section and high kinetic energy of photoelectrons for the available target gases. We report on the performance of this instrument as obtained using hard x-rays at the PETRA III synchrotron at DESY and the SASE1 beamline at the European XFEL. We demonstrate a resolving power of 10 eV at incident photon energies up to 20 keV.
{"title":"Angle resolved photo electron spectrometer for hard x-ray photon diagnostics at the European XFEL","authors":"J. Laksman, F. Dietrich, J. Liu, T. Maltezopoulos, N. Kujala, M. Planas, W. Freund, S. Francoual, J. Grünert","doi":"10.1117/12.2665732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2665732","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed and commissioned an angle-resolved photoelectron spectrometer, based on the electron time-of-flight concept, for hard x-ray photon diagnostics at the European Free-Electron Laser. The instrument provides users and operators with pulse-resolved, non-invasive spectral distribution diagnostics, which in the hard x-ray regime is a challenge due to the poor cross-section and high kinetic energy of photoelectrons for the available target gases. We report on the performance of this instrument as obtained using hard x-rays at the PETRA III synchrotron at DESY and the SASE1 beamline at the European XFEL. We demonstrate a resolving power of 10 eV at incident photon energies up to 20 keV.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130228969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Santiago López, A. Alonso, Elena de la Fuente, A. Pandey, O. Guilbaud, E. Oliva
After 30 years since the discovery of the intrinsic orbital angular momentum (OAM) possessed by certain beams, a plethora of applications have been developed in diverse fields such as communications, astrophysics, and biochemistry. Meanwhile, injecting high-order harmonics (HOH) into krypton amplifier plasmas has emerged as a promising alternative to Free Electron Lasers (FEL) for generating table-top, XUV coherent radiation sources. This work brings together these two concepts and asks the following question: what happens when an HOH with OAM is injected into a plasma? Does the amplified beam retain the same OAM, or is this property affected? Understanding the OAM response to this process lays the foundation for new applications. Simulations using the 3D, time-dependent, Maxwell-Bloch code Dagon show that OAM is conserved in low-density plasmas. However, at higher densities, although the OAM is still preserved, the density profiles leave increasing footprints in phase patterns in the form of phase jumps curvature. Finally, a study has been conducted for a plasma with a waveguide, further supporting the potential of OAM for plasma diagnosis.
{"title":"Amplification of HOH carrying orbital angular momentum in plasma-based amplifiers","authors":"Santiago López, A. Alonso, Elena de la Fuente, A. Pandey, O. Guilbaud, E. Oliva","doi":"10.1117/12.2665543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2665543","url":null,"abstract":"After 30 years since the discovery of the intrinsic orbital angular momentum (OAM) possessed by certain beams, a plethora of applications have been developed in diverse fields such as communications, astrophysics, and biochemistry. Meanwhile, injecting high-order harmonics (HOH) into krypton amplifier plasmas has emerged as a promising alternative to Free Electron Lasers (FEL) for generating table-top, XUV coherent radiation sources. This work brings together these two concepts and asks the following question: what happens when an HOH with OAM is injected into a plasma? Does the amplified beam retain the same OAM, or is this property affected? Understanding the OAM response to this process lays the foundation for new applications. Simulations using the 3D, time-dependent, Maxwell-Bloch code Dagon show that OAM is conserved in low-density plasmas. However, at higher densities, although the OAM is still preserved, the density profiles leave increasing footprints in phase patterns in the form of phase jumps curvature. Finally, a study has been conducted for a plasma with a waveguide, further supporting the potential of OAM for plasma diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128279791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patrik Puškáš, Dominika Mašlárová, R. Babjak, M. Krůs
Radiation reaction can severely affect the motion of ultra-relativistic particles in intense electromagnetic fields. Here, we study particle-in-cell (PIC) methods of kinetic modeling of radiation reaction in classical and quantum regimes. We test the methods of photon emission from highly energetic particles moving in strong electromagnetic field in two open-source PIC codes Smilei and EPOCH. We benchmark the codes and discuss the differences.
{"title":"Radiation generation during laser and particle beam interactions in particle-in-cell codes","authors":"Patrik Puškáš, Dominika Mašlárová, R. Babjak, M. Krůs","doi":"10.1117/12.2665680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2665680","url":null,"abstract":"Radiation reaction can severely affect the motion of ultra-relativistic particles in intense electromagnetic fields. Here, we study particle-in-cell (PIC) methods of kinetic modeling of radiation reaction in classical and quantum regimes. We test the methods of photon emission from highly energetic particles moving in strong electromagnetic field in two open-source PIC codes Smilei and EPOCH. We benchmark the codes and discuss the differences.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125921807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Obst-Huebl, K. Nakamura, S. Hakimi, J. De Chant, A. Jewell, B. Stassel, A. Snijders, A. Gonsalves, J. van Tilborg, Z. Eisentraut, Z. Harvey, L. Willingale, C. Tóth, C. Schroeder, C. Geddes, E. Esarey
The new short focal length experimental beamline at the BELLA PW, called iP2, was commissioned up to 17 J laser pulse energy, corresponding to a peak intensity of 1.2 × 1021 W/cm2 on target, based on a measured focal spot size with FWHM 2.7 μm and Gaussian equivalent pulse length of 40 fs. The ion acceleration performance was measured under variation of the laser pulse energy and length, and the laser spot size on target. A maximum proton energy of ∼ 40 MeV was observed in the target normal sheath acceleration regime using 13 μm thick Kapton foil targets. Surveys outside the radiation shielded accelerator cave showed very low radiation levels and there was no measurable activation of experimental installations after performing several tens of shots on target. Back reflections of the laser pulse from the target interaction were monitored and partially mitigated, but ultimately caused damage in the laser frontend. This prohibited further increase of the laser pulse energy beyond 17 J. Implementation of a double plasma mirror is expected to sufficiently suppress back reflections to allow for iP2 experiments at the full BELLA PW pulse energy.
{"title":"High power commissioning of BELLA iP2 up to 17 J","authors":"L. Obst-Huebl, K. Nakamura, S. Hakimi, J. De Chant, A. Jewell, B. Stassel, A. Snijders, A. Gonsalves, J. van Tilborg, Z. Eisentraut, Z. Harvey, L. Willingale, C. Tóth, C. Schroeder, C. Geddes, E. Esarey","doi":"10.1117/12.2669162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2669162","url":null,"abstract":"The new short focal length experimental beamline at the BELLA PW, called iP2, was commissioned up to 17 J laser pulse energy, corresponding to a peak intensity of 1.2 × 1021 W/cm2 on target, based on a measured focal spot size with FWHM 2.7 μm and Gaussian equivalent pulse length of 40 fs. The ion acceleration performance was measured under variation of the laser pulse energy and length, and the laser spot size on target. A maximum proton energy of ∼ 40 MeV was observed in the target normal sheath acceleration regime using 13 μm thick Kapton foil targets. Surveys outside the radiation shielded accelerator cave showed very low radiation levels and there was no measurable activation of experimental installations after performing several tens of shots on target. Back reflections of the laser pulse from the target interaction were monitored and partially mitigated, but ultimately caused damage in the laser frontend. This prohibited further increase of the laser pulse energy beyond 17 J. Implementation of a double plasma mirror is expected to sufficiently suppress back reflections to allow for iP2 experiments at the full BELLA PW pulse energy.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124807662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Intense attosecond scale pulses of extreme-ultraviolet and soft X-ray light can be generated from plasma surfaces driven relativistically by intense laser pulses. The temporal profile consists of a train of pulses separated by the laser’s optical period and manifests in the spectral domain as harmonics of the laser frequency. Isolating individual attosecond pulses is a key challenge for applications of these sources to time-resolved experiments for attosecond science and plasma-based sources allow the use of ultra-high energies and intensities that can enable fully attosecond scale pump-probe measurements. Results are presented here for numerical Particle-In-Cell simulations of a scheme to angularly sweep the pulses so that one is temporally gated out from the others in the reflected direction. Using two identical laser pulses that are incident noncollinearly on the surface with a time delay causes the instantaneous wavefront to sweep between each of them with the attosecond pulses also being swept in their emission angle accordingly. This method naturally separates out the remaining reflected laser energy due to the angular gap between the incident pulses negating the need for spectral filtering after the interaction. We demonstrate clear gating of a single pulse along the reflected axis in both 2D and 3D simulations and discuss the effect of spectral isolation from the laser frequency. We extend the investigation to further examine techniques to improve the temporal gating by tailoring the laser and target properties.
{"title":"Noncollinear gating of laser-plasma-driven attosecond pulses without spectral filtering","authors":"M. Yeung, J. P. Kennedy, B. Dromey","doi":"10.1117/12.2665631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2665631","url":null,"abstract":"Intense attosecond scale pulses of extreme-ultraviolet and soft X-ray light can be generated from plasma surfaces driven relativistically by intense laser pulses. The temporal profile consists of a train of pulses separated by the laser’s optical period and manifests in the spectral domain as harmonics of the laser frequency. Isolating individual attosecond pulses is a key challenge for applications of these sources to time-resolved experiments for attosecond science and plasma-based sources allow the use of ultra-high energies and intensities that can enable fully attosecond scale pump-probe measurements. Results are presented here for numerical Particle-In-Cell simulations of a scheme to angularly sweep the pulses so that one is temporally gated out from the others in the reflected direction. Using two identical laser pulses that are incident noncollinearly on the surface with a time delay causes the instantaneous wavefront to sweep between each of them with the attosecond pulses also being swept in their emission angle accordingly. This method naturally separates out the remaining reflected laser energy due to the angular gap between the incident pulses negating the need for spectral filtering after the interaction. We demonstrate clear gating of a single pulse along the reflected axis in both 2D and 3D simulations and discuss the effect of spectral isolation from the laser frequency. We extend the investigation to further examine techniques to improve the temporal gating by tailoring the laser and target properties.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121865000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Chaulagain, M. Lamač, M. Raclavský, K. H. Rao, Orsolya Morvai, František Vaněk, K. Ta-Phuoc, S. V. Bulanov, J. Nejdl
One of the major objectives of the ELI Beamlines project is to employ the state-of-the-art high power lasers for the generation of ultra-short pulses of particles and X-rays with unprecedented parameters to deliver stable beamline capacity to serve the broad scientific and industrial user community. The development of laser plasma-based X-ray sources at ELI beamlines, especially the ELI Gammatron beamline based on the laser plasma accelerator (LPA) is presented here. The ELI Gammatron beamline is capable of providing X-ray pulses of energies from 1-100 keV in the Betatron scheme and up to few MeV’s in the inverse Compton scheme. A dedicated LPA-based Betatron X-ray source, developed at the ELI plasma physics platform (P3) will serve as an active diagnostic of the high energy density (HED) plasma and laboratory astrophysics multi-beam experiments. In addition to this, a novel scheme for enhancing the X-ray flux of the betratron sources was proposed based on nonlinear resonances in a two-colour laser field interaction. A high-sensitivity optical probing technique for characterizing gas targets for LPA was also developed in-house to support the beamline development.
{"title":"Development of the multidisciplinary x-ray sources at the ELI Beamlines facility","authors":"U. Chaulagain, M. Lamač, M. Raclavský, K. H. Rao, Orsolya Morvai, František Vaněk, K. Ta-Phuoc, S. V. Bulanov, J. Nejdl","doi":"10.1117/12.2665775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2665775","url":null,"abstract":"One of the major objectives of the ELI Beamlines project is to employ the state-of-the-art high power lasers for the generation of ultra-short pulses of particles and X-rays with unprecedented parameters to deliver stable beamline capacity to serve the broad scientific and industrial user community. The development of laser plasma-based X-ray sources at ELI beamlines, especially the ELI Gammatron beamline based on the laser plasma accelerator (LPA) is presented here. The ELI Gammatron beamline is capable of providing X-ray pulses of energies from 1-100 keV in the Betatron scheme and up to few MeV’s in the inverse Compton scheme. A dedicated LPA-based Betatron X-ray source, developed at the ELI plasma physics platform (P3) will serve as an active diagnostic of the high energy density (HED) plasma and laboratory astrophysics multi-beam experiments. In addition to this, a novel scheme for enhancing the X-ray flux of the betratron sources was proposed based on nonlinear resonances in a two-colour laser field interaction. A high-sensitivity optical probing technique for characterizing gas targets for LPA was also developed in-house to support the beamline development.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129955376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanodiamonds (NDs) have attracted great interest due to their high refractive index and thermal conductivity. The unique properties of NDs, including high thermal conductivity, chemical stability, and tensile strength, make them a promising candidate for enhancing OLED efficiency. NDs were coated either beneath or above the PEDOT:PSS hole injection layer in a green-emitting OLEDs (ITO/ PEDOT:PSS/NPD/CBP:Ir(ppy)3/TPBi/Liq/Al). The best performance is obtained from the device with NDs layer beneath the PEDOT:PSS layer where the current efficiency (CE) is increased by 5.4%, power efficiency (PE) is increased by 17.7% and the external quantum efficiency (EQE) is increased by 4.5% at a luminance of 10000 cd/m2 as compared to a standard device without NDs layer.
{"title":"Effects of nanodiamonds layer in organic light emitting diode","authors":"G. Ong, H. Tan, T. Ong, T. Tou, C. Nee, S. Yap","doi":"10.1117/12.2665070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2665070","url":null,"abstract":"Nanodiamonds (NDs) have attracted great interest due to their high refractive index and thermal conductivity. The unique properties of NDs, including high thermal conductivity, chemical stability, and tensile strength, make them a promising candidate for enhancing OLED efficiency. NDs were coated either beneath or above the PEDOT:PSS hole injection layer in a green-emitting OLEDs (ITO/ PEDOT:PSS/NPD/CBP:Ir(ppy)3/TPBi/Liq/Al). The best performance is obtained from the device with NDs layer beneath the PEDOT:PSS layer where the current efficiency (CE) is increased by 5.4%, power efficiency (PE) is increased by 17.7% and the external quantum efficiency (EQE) is increased by 4.5% at a luminance of 10000 cd/m2 as compared to a standard device without NDs layer.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130926576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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