P. Craievich, Z. Geng, F. Marcellini, C. Kittel, S. Reiche, T. Schietinger, G. Wang, E. Prat
Radiofrequency (RF) transverse deflection structures (TDSs) are fundamental time-resolved diagnostics in x-ray free-electron lasers. Two x-band TDSs with variable polarization of the deflecting force were recently installed after the undulators of Athos, the soft x-ray beamline of SwissFEL. This contribution summarizes the experience gained over the last few months during the commissioning of the RF system and the measurements made during operations, focusing on the setup of the entire complex RF system, the calibration and the time-resolved measurement that, combined with an energy spectrometer, provides longitudinal phase-space measurements of extreme importance for the commissioning of the complex FEL schemes implemented in the Athos beamline.
{"title":"Post-undulator beam measurements with PolariX TDS in SwissFEL","authors":"P. Craievich, Z. Geng, F. Marcellini, C. Kittel, S. Reiche, T. Schietinger, G. Wang, E. Prat","doi":"10.1117/12.2665447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2665447","url":null,"abstract":"Radiofrequency (RF) transverse deflection structures (TDSs) are fundamental time-resolved diagnostics in x-ray free-electron lasers. Two x-band TDSs with variable polarization of the deflecting force were recently installed after the undulators of Athos, the soft x-ray beamline of SwissFEL. This contribution summarizes the experience gained over the last few months during the commissioning of the RF system and the measurements made during operations, focusing on the setup of the entire complex RF system, the calibration and the time-resolved measurement that, combined with an energy spectrometer, provides longitudinal phase-space measurements of extreme importance for the commissioning of the complex FEL schemes implemented in the Athos beamline.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"170 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132959357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Simoncig, M. Manfredda, G. Gaio, N. Mahne, L. Raimondi, C. Fava, S. Gerusina, R. Gobessi, A. Abrami, F. Capotondi, D. De Angelis, R. Menk, M. Pancaldi, E. Pedersoli, M. Zangrando
Free-electron lasers (FELs) are currently the most advanced light sources operating worldwide, thanks to their capability to lase coherent ultrashort pulses, marked by photon energies bridging the gap between the Extreme-Ultraviolet (EUV) and the Soft (SXR) and Hard (HXR) X-Rays, alongside with unique high-brightness and temporal duration lying in the femtosecond (fs) timescale. FELs can exploit, in a time-resolved approach, spectroscopies daily employed at synchrotron light sources, mostly combining EUV, SXR and HXR pulses with optical ones. Nonetheless, the next advances in ultrafast x-Ray science are strongly linked to the extension of these time-resolved schemes to perform experiments engaging exclusively EUV, SXR and HXR pulses, so triggering (and probing) matter at its (or nearby) electronic resonance(s), to reveal the microscopic mechanisms hiding behind matter phases of primary interest for broadband applications. Indeed, designing the next generation of quantum devices, as well as tailoring a new classes of biomolecules for pharmacological applications, are just two examples that can be strongly boosted by means of this optical approach. To do this, is mandatory to split and delay (in time) FELs pulses, without impacting on both the radiation coherence properties and on the photon transport. At the seeded FERMI FEL (Trieste, Italy) this goal is committed by the optical device known as AC/DC, which stands for the Auto Correlator/Delay Creator, designed to split the incoming EUV and/or SXR pulse, introducing a tunable delay between these two pulses, marked by an intrinsic resolution in the sub-fs, and aided by an opto-numerical pointing feedback system.
{"title":"Splitting and delaying fully coherent FELs pulses for advancing ultrafast x-ray science: the AC/DC optical device at the FERMI FEL","authors":"A. Simoncig, M. Manfredda, G. Gaio, N. Mahne, L. Raimondi, C. Fava, S. Gerusina, R. Gobessi, A. Abrami, F. Capotondi, D. De Angelis, R. Menk, M. Pancaldi, E. Pedersoli, M. Zangrando","doi":"10.1117/12.2668796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2668796","url":null,"abstract":"Free-electron lasers (FELs) are currently the most advanced light sources operating worldwide, thanks to their capability to lase coherent ultrashort pulses, marked by photon energies bridging the gap between the Extreme-Ultraviolet (EUV) and the Soft (SXR) and Hard (HXR) X-Rays, alongside with unique high-brightness and temporal duration lying in the femtosecond (fs) timescale. FELs can exploit, in a time-resolved approach, spectroscopies daily employed at synchrotron light sources, mostly combining EUV, SXR and HXR pulses with optical ones. Nonetheless, the next advances in ultrafast x-Ray science are strongly linked to the extension of these time-resolved schemes to perform experiments engaging exclusively EUV, SXR and HXR pulses, so triggering (and probing) matter at its (or nearby) electronic resonance(s), to reveal the microscopic mechanisms hiding behind matter phases of primary interest for broadband applications. Indeed, designing the next generation of quantum devices, as well as tailoring a new classes of biomolecules for pharmacological applications, are just two examples that can be strongly boosted by means of this optical approach. To do this, is mandatory to split and delay (in time) FELs pulses, without impacting on both the radiation coherence properties and on the photon transport. At the seeded FERMI FEL (Trieste, Italy) this goal is committed by the optical device known as AC/DC, which stands for the Auto Correlator/Delay Creator, designed to split the incoming EUV and/or SXR pulse, introducing a tunable delay between these two pulses, marked by an intrinsic resolution in the sub-fs, and aided by an opto-numerical pointing feedback system.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133129052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We experimentally demonstrate self-tuning of a white light seeded two-stage optical parametric amplifier using an evolutionary strategy algorithm. Enabled by this approach we demonstrate the automated reproducible adjustment of the lasers working point and achieve highly stable performance of the laser.
{"title":"Evolutionary optimization and long-term stabilization of a multi-stage OPCPA system","authors":"T. Eichner, T. Hülsenbusch, G. Palmer, A. Maier","doi":"10.1117/12.2669497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2669497","url":null,"abstract":"We experimentally demonstrate self-tuning of a white light seeded two-stage optical parametric amplifier using an evolutionary strategy algorithm. Enabled by this approach we demonstrate the automated reproducible adjustment of the lasers working point and achieve highly stable performance of the laser.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114104474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Jalabert, Manojit Pusty, Andrés Jenaro Lopez Garcia, A. Cresti, M. Mouis, G. Ardila
Piezoelectric thin films are widely used in MEMS and NEMS actuators and resonators, but also in mechanical sensors and energy harvesters for IoT applications and Wireless Sensors Networks. Nanotechnology involving piezoelectric materials is a key research direction, with benefits expected from nanostructuring and the replacement of toxic materials. Piezoelectric nanocomposites based on semiconducting nanowires (NWs) are an alternative to thin films with nanostructuration benefits, such as low temperature fabrication and higher flexibility than thin films. In addition, they exhibit larger piezoelectric coefficient than their thin films counterparts. In this work we study the piezoelectric performance of vertically grown ZnO NWs based on Finite Element simulations in the PFM (Piezoresponse Force Microscopy) configuration. In this AFM (Atomic Force Microscope) mode, the AFM tip is placed in contact with the top surface of the NW while applying a voltage, thus inducing a deformation of the structure by the reverse piezoelectric effect. Different parameters are assessed: the effect of the surrounding air, the NW size and geometry and the effect of the semiconducting properties, in particular the doping level and surface traps density. The results are compared to previous theoretical approaches and experimental findings.
{"title":"ZnO nanowires-based piezoelectric energy transducers: the role of size and semiconducting properties","authors":"T. Jalabert, Manojit Pusty, Andrés Jenaro Lopez Garcia, A. Cresti, M. Mouis, G. Ardila","doi":"10.1117/12.2665500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2665500","url":null,"abstract":"Piezoelectric thin films are widely used in MEMS and NEMS actuators and resonators, but also in mechanical sensors and energy harvesters for IoT applications and Wireless Sensors Networks. Nanotechnology involving piezoelectric materials is a key research direction, with benefits expected from nanostructuring and the replacement of toxic materials. Piezoelectric nanocomposites based on semiconducting nanowires (NWs) are an alternative to thin films with nanostructuration benefits, such as low temperature fabrication and higher flexibility than thin films. In addition, they exhibit larger piezoelectric coefficient than their thin films counterparts. In this work we study the piezoelectric performance of vertically grown ZnO NWs based on Finite Element simulations in the PFM (Piezoresponse Force Microscopy) configuration. In this AFM (Atomic Force Microscope) mode, the AFM tip is placed in contact with the top surface of the NW while applying a voltage, thus inducing a deformation of the structure by the reverse piezoelectric effect. Different parameters are assessed: the effect of the surrounding air, the NW size and geometry and the effect of the semiconducting properties, in particular the doping level and surface traps density. The results are compared to previous theoretical approaches and experimental findings.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114900644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Švejkar, Dominika Popelová, J. Šulc, H. Jelínková
The free-running and acousto-optically Q-switched laser properties of Er:YAP crystal, which is appropriate for generation at 2.8 μm, are presented. The sample of Er:YAP (concentration 5 at.% of Er3+, thickness 9 mm) had plan-parallel polished faces without antireflection coatings. The excitation of Er:YAP crystal was carried out by a laser diode emitting at 973 nm and working in a pulsed regime (pulse duration 5 ms, repetition rate 10 Hz). The laser resonator was hemispherical, 150 mm in length, with a flat pumping mirror (HR @ 2.8 μm) and a spherical output coupler (r = 150 mm, R = 95 % @ 2.5 - 2.9 μm). In the free-running laser regime, the maximum output power of 156 mW and slope efficiency of 17 % with respect to absorbed pumped power were obtained. To obtain a Q-switching laser operation, the acousto-optic germanium element was inserted between the Er:YAP crystal and the output coupler. The shortest pulse duration of 36.2 ns with a repetition rate of 10 Hz and maximum pulse energy of 0.43 μJ were obtained. The emitted laser wavelength of 2.8 μm can be used as a pump source at room-temperature for Fe:ZnSe or in mid-infrared spectroscopy.
{"title":"Acousto-optically Q-switched Er:YAP laser emitting at 2.8μm","authors":"R. Švejkar, Dominika Popelová, J. Šulc, H. Jelínková","doi":"10.1117/12.2665614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2665614","url":null,"abstract":"The free-running and acousto-optically Q-switched laser properties of Er:YAP crystal, which is appropriate for generation at 2.8 μm, are presented. The sample of Er:YAP (concentration 5 at.% of Er3+, thickness 9 mm) had plan-parallel polished faces without antireflection coatings. The excitation of Er:YAP crystal was carried out by a laser diode emitting at 973 nm and working in a pulsed regime (pulse duration 5 ms, repetition rate 10 Hz). The laser resonator was hemispherical, 150 mm in length, with a flat pumping mirror (HR @ 2.8 μm) and a spherical output coupler (r = 150 mm, R = 95 % @ 2.5 - 2.9 μm). In the free-running laser regime, the maximum output power of 156 mW and slope efficiency of 17 % with respect to absorbed pumped power were obtained. To obtain a Q-switching laser operation, the acousto-optic germanium element was inserted between the Er:YAP crystal and the output coupler. The shortest pulse duration of 36.2 ns with a repetition rate of 10 Hz and maximum pulse energy of 0.43 μJ were obtained. The emitted laser wavelength of 2.8 μm can be used as a pump source at room-temperature for Fe:ZnSe or in mid-infrared spectroscopy.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"12577 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130330106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The FERMI facility has provided over the last decade pulses characterized by a high degree of coherence over the spectral range from 100 nm down to 4 nm. Thanks to the use of an external seed to initiate the FEL process, FERMI pulses are characterized by unique characteristics very much appreciated by the user community. The extraordinary degree of coherence but also the flexible temporal or spectral properties of the photon pulses combined with a high reproducibility and low temporal jitter has supported important scientific experiment in various fields. Recently experiments have been conducted extending the tuning range to wavelengths shorter than 2 nm accessing important spectral resonances. Current operations at such a high photon energy rely on the use of undulator harmonics which limit the FEL performances. A project has been initiated to upgrade the FEL facility with new accelerator modules and new FEL configurations to access this important spectral range in nominal operation at the fundamental resonance of the FEL amplifier and with full control of polarization and other photon properties currently available.
{"title":"Externally seeded free electron laser invading the x-ray region","authors":"E. Allaria","doi":"10.1117/12.2669095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2669095","url":null,"abstract":"The FERMI facility has provided over the last decade pulses characterized by a high degree of coherence over the spectral range from 100 nm down to 4 nm. Thanks to the use of an external seed to initiate the FEL process, FERMI pulses are characterized by unique characteristics very much appreciated by the user community. The extraordinary degree of coherence but also the flexible temporal or spectral properties of the photon pulses combined with a high reproducibility and low temporal jitter has supported important scientific experiment in various fields. Recently experiments have been conducted extending the tuning range to wavelengths shorter than 2 nm accessing important spectral resonances. Current operations at such a high photon energy rely on the use of undulator harmonics which limit the FEL performances. A project has been initiated to upgrade the FEL facility with new accelerator modules and new FEL configurations to access this important spectral range in nominal operation at the fundamental resonance of the FEL amplifier and with full control of polarization and other photon properties currently available.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123995882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Both the size of the focal spot and the Rayleigh range of laser beams are increasing with the focal length of a focusing system. When preparing experiments for accelerating electron with lasers, people are considering focal lengths that can range from a few meters up to tens of meters. Telescopic zoom systems made of three spherical mirrors can be designed for such purpose. After a first attempt to design such system based on simple “a priori” parameters, a general algebraic theory has been investigated and shows that there are always solutions with no spherical aberration. When all mirrors are placed off-axis to avoid obscuration of the beam, it is possible to show that there are still solutions that minimize aberrations. When changing the distance between the mirrors, we can obtain a focal excursion of the system while the final focal spot is fixed. Of course, the goal of the study is to find what are the solutions that minimize aberrations for a given numerical aperture over a given zoom range. I have built and tested three zoom systems based on different solutions and I have been able to show that there are simple alignment procedures for generating a fixed focal spot over the zoom range. In this paper, a step-by-step analysis including damage fluence considerations for designing the 3-mirror zoom system will be detailed.
{"title":"Telescopic zoom system for electron acceleration with lasers: general design and tests","authors":"B. Le Garrec","doi":"10.1117/12.2668426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2668426","url":null,"abstract":"Both the size of the focal spot and the Rayleigh range of laser beams are increasing with the focal length of a focusing system. When preparing experiments for accelerating electron with lasers, people are considering focal lengths that can range from a few meters up to tens of meters. Telescopic zoom systems made of three spherical mirrors can be designed for such purpose. After a first attempt to design such system based on simple “a priori” parameters, a general algebraic theory has been investigated and shows that there are always solutions with no spherical aberration. When all mirrors are placed off-axis to avoid obscuration of the beam, it is possible to show that there are still solutions that minimize aberrations. When changing the distance between the mirrors, we can obtain a focal excursion of the system while the final focal spot is fixed. Of course, the goal of the study is to find what are the solutions that minimize aberrations for a given numerical aperture over a given zoom range. I have built and tested three zoom systems based on different solutions and I have been able to show that there are simple alignment procedures for generating a fixed focal spot over the zoom range. In this paper, a step-by-step analysis including damage fluence considerations for designing the 3-mirror zoom system will be detailed.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"128 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120874209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Meneroud, J. Gauthier, S. Duc, M. Thomachot, F. Claeyssen
The recent progresses made in the manufacturing of new plasmonic photomobile films are offering innovative solutions for light induced motion actuators and devices. Indeed, such films can be assimilated as transducers thanks to their ability to convert light into displacement with strokes up to several millimeters. By adjusting the incident light parameters (wavelength, exposure time…) the photomobile films actuation can be controlled to answer many applications requesting high displacements and low forces. In these regards, the behaviour of the photomobile films were characterized prior to their integration in more complex devices. Then, several proof-of-concepts of these devices were manufactured to try to bring new functionalities to the market such as light driven optical switch, optical micro-valve, and deflector: The optical switch features interesting properties in term of electrical insulation by eliminating the dark currents responsible for noise in image sensors. It also exploits the large stroke of the photomobile films to achieve the standard electrical insulation distance versus emitter voltage. Light driven micro-valves/micro-pumps are suitable for delivering a small quantity of fluids with high precision for example in medical devices. Using this technology, a fluid circuit can be opened and closed when light is switched from on to off (or inversely) without embedded electric power. Optical deflectors are used widely in optical pointing applications where fast responses and/or high precisions are critical. An appropriate understanding of the photomobile films behaviour enables to control the direction of the beam deflection within large angular ranges.
{"title":"New range of light driven actuation devices","authors":"P. Meneroud, J. Gauthier, S. Duc, M. Thomachot, F. Claeyssen","doi":"10.1117/12.2665171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2665171","url":null,"abstract":"The recent progresses made in the manufacturing of new plasmonic photomobile films are offering innovative solutions for light induced motion actuators and devices. Indeed, such films can be assimilated as transducers thanks to their ability to convert light into displacement with strokes up to several millimeters. By adjusting the incident light parameters (wavelength, exposure time…) the photomobile films actuation can be controlled to answer many applications requesting high displacements and low forces. In these regards, the behaviour of the photomobile films were characterized prior to their integration in more complex devices. Then, several proof-of-concepts of these devices were manufactured to try to bring new functionalities to the market such as light driven optical switch, optical micro-valve, and deflector: The optical switch features interesting properties in term of electrical insulation by eliminating the dark currents responsible for noise in image sensors. It also exploits the large stroke of the photomobile films to achieve the standard electrical insulation distance versus emitter voltage. Light driven micro-valves/micro-pumps are suitable for delivering a small quantity of fluids with high precision for example in medical devices. Using this technology, a fluid circuit can be opened and closed when light is switched from on to off (or inversely) without embedded electric power. Optical deflectors are used widely in optical pointing applications where fast responses and/or high precisions are critical. An appropriate understanding of the photomobile films behaviour enables to control the direction of the beam deflection within large angular ranges.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126163692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Erdman, J. Novák, R. Antipenkov, B. Tykalewicz, P. Mazůrek, M. Horáček, J. Naylon, P. Bakule, B. Rus
The L1-Allegra laser (1 kHz, 50mJ pulse energy, 15 fs pulse duration) developed at ELI-Beamlines in Czechia is already being used for various scientific experiments. The femtosecond synchronization project (referred to as F-SYNC) aims to dramatically improve the experiments with L1-Allegra by providing another 1 kHz beam with arbitrary delay to L1 and femtosecond precision. Therefore, we have developed an independent auxiliary laser system inspired by the design of the L1-Allegra front-end with an output energy of approximately 13mJ at 1 kHz and bandwidth that supports compression to < 16 fs. In essence, F-SYNC consists of a master oscillator, a fiber seed distribution system, a pump laser with a grating compressor, a supercontinuum (SC) seed, and 3 stages of optical parametric chirped pulse amplification (OPCPA).
{"title":"Femtosecond synchronization of OPCPA based F-SYNC and L1-Allegra lasers","authors":"E. Erdman, J. Novák, R. Antipenkov, B. Tykalewicz, P. Mazůrek, M. Horáček, J. Naylon, P. Bakule, B. Rus","doi":"10.1117/12.2668353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2668353","url":null,"abstract":"The L1-Allegra laser (1 kHz, 50mJ pulse energy, 15 fs pulse duration) developed at ELI-Beamlines in Czechia is already being used for various scientific experiments. The femtosecond synchronization project (referred to as F-SYNC) aims to dramatically improve the experiments with L1-Allegra by providing another 1 kHz beam with arbitrary delay to L1 and femtosecond precision. Therefore, we have developed an independent auxiliary laser system inspired by the design of the L1-Allegra front-end with an output energy of approximately 13mJ at 1 kHz and bandwidth that supports compression to < 16 fs. In essence, F-SYNC consists of a master oscillator, a fiber seed distribution system, a pump laser with a grating compressor, a supercontinuum (SC) seed, and 3 stages of optical parametric chirped pulse amplification (OPCPA).","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122260766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shadowgraphic imaging technique is used to study the dynamics of cavitation bubbles produced during the pulsed laser ablation of a silver target in water. Ablation of a solid target immersed in liquid with a pulsed laser beam is a popular technique for the synthesis of colloidal nanoparticles. To understand the highly complex mechanism involved in nanoparticle formation, estimation of the thermodynamical parameters within the bubble, where the nucleation of the nanoparticles occur, is extremely important. The dynamics of the bubble studied using a fast gated CCD camera reveal that the bubble expands initially and then reaches its maximum size after which it starts compressing. The range of temperature and pressure values within the bubble is analytically assessed using two known models, the Rayleigh-Plesset and the van der Waals model.
{"title":"Investigation of the transient dynamics of cavitation bubble produced during pulsed laser ablation of a solid immersed in liquid by shadowgraphic imaging","authors":"P. Baruah, A. Sharma, A. Khare","doi":"10.1117/12.2660111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2660111","url":null,"abstract":"Shadowgraphic imaging technique is used to study the dynamics of cavitation bubbles produced during the pulsed laser ablation of a silver target in water. Ablation of a solid target immersed in liquid with a pulsed laser beam is a popular technique for the synthesis of colloidal nanoparticles. To understand the highly complex mechanism involved in nanoparticle formation, estimation of the thermodynamical parameters within the bubble, where the nucleation of the nanoparticles occur, is extremely important. The dynamics of the bubble studied using a fast gated CCD camera reveal that the bubble expands initially and then reaches its maximum size after which it starts compressing. The range of temperature and pressure values within the bubble is analytically assessed using two known models, the Rayleigh-Plesset and the van der Waals model.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131535272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：