Extreme Light Infrastructure–Nuclear Physics (ELI–NP) is a research infrastructure where the laser physics and nuclear physics scientific communities have joined their efforts to extend the research in the field of nuclear photonics to the interaction of extreme photon beams with matter. The infrastructure will provide high-power laser and gamma beams with unprecedented characteristics to be used for nuclear physics, plasma physics, quantum electrodynamics, material science research. The high–power laser system consisting of 2 x 10 PW lasers will provide pulses with intensities as high as 1023 W/cm2. First experiments with the high-power lasers at ELI–NP aim at measuring the magnitude and scaling of the achievable laser intensity via laser-gamma conversion efficiency and at studying new ion acceleration schemes to better understand and control high intensity laser–driven ion sources. A broad range of applications research program anchored in the unique capabilities of ELI–NP is currently being developed and addresses topics, such as: production of hadron therapy relevant particle beams, medical imaging research with laser x–ray sources, generation of radioisotopes of medical interest, materials in high radiation fields, industrial imaging. Currently ELI-NP is in a transition phase from implementation to operation. Following the successful commissioning of the high-power laser system and of the laser beam transport system, the commissioning of the experimental setups is now underway. The experimental setups will gradually be made available to users until the end of 2023.
{"title":"Extreme light infrastructure-nuclear physics: overview and perspectives","authors":"C. A. Ur","doi":"10.1117/12.2671369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2671369","url":null,"abstract":"Extreme Light Infrastructure–Nuclear Physics (ELI–NP) is a research infrastructure where the laser physics and nuclear physics scientific communities have joined their efforts to extend the research in the field of nuclear photonics to the interaction of extreme photon beams with matter. The infrastructure will provide high-power laser and gamma beams with unprecedented characteristics to be used for nuclear physics, plasma physics, quantum electrodynamics, material science research. The high–power laser system consisting of 2 x 10 PW lasers will provide pulses with intensities as high as 1023 W/cm2. First experiments with the high-power lasers at ELI–NP aim at measuring the magnitude and scaling of the achievable laser intensity via laser-gamma conversion efficiency and at studying new ion acceleration schemes to better understand and control high intensity laser–driven ion sources. A broad range of applications research program anchored in the unique capabilities of ELI–NP is currently being developed and addresses topics, such as: production of hadron therapy relevant particle beams, medical imaging research with laser x–ray sources, generation of radioisotopes of medical interest, materials in high radiation fields, industrial imaging. Currently ELI-NP is in a transition phase from implementation to operation. Following the successful commissioning of the high-power laser system and of the laser beam transport system, the commissioning of the experimental setups is now underway. The experimental setups will gradually be made available to users until the end of 2023.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128578480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We present the recent progress done at the Advanced Laser Light Source (ALLS) on the development of a Laser Wakefield Acceleration (LWFA) based X-ray machine. We will describe the pathway we follow to progress towards an industrial solution guided by the concept of Solution Readiness Level (SRL) metric. Two different approaches have been recently studied and assessed to optimize the X-ray beam in the 20keV - 50keV range. This paves the way to the development of a laser-based X-ray machine addressing, with different working points, various strategic challenges. We discuss in the present work the usefulness of the various operational approaches for some aspects of Global Food Security and for the realization of mammography with dose well below the actual clinical standard.
{"title":"LWFA-based x-ray machine to respond to strategic challenges","authors":"J. Kieffer, S. Fourmaux, E. Hallin","doi":"10.1117/12.2664733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2664733","url":null,"abstract":"We present the recent progress done at the Advanced Laser Light Source (ALLS) on the development of a Laser Wakefield Acceleration (LWFA) based X-ray machine. We will describe the pathway we follow to progress towards an industrial solution guided by the concept of Solution Readiness Level (SRL) metric. Two different approaches have been recently studied and assessed to optimize the X-ray beam in the 20keV - 50keV range. This paves the way to the development of a laser-based X-ray machine addressing, with different working points, various strategic challenges. We discuss in the present work the usefulness of the various operational approaches for some aspects of Global Food Security and for the realization of mammography with dose well below the actual clinical standard.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126137760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Prasselsperger, Julia Liese, A.-K. Schmidt, F. Balling, S. Gerlach, L. Doyle, Michael Bachhammer, J. Hartmann, T. Rösch, M. Yeung, B. Dromey, J. Schreiber
Modern laser-based accelerators for ions reach peak kinetic ion energies of > 100MeV, over 1MA of total beam currents with only a few picoseconds of bunch duration in close vicinity to the target at ≈ 1 Hz repetition rate and with a high controllability. Thus, the number of potential applications is growing rapidly. This raises a high interest in the processes of ion-matter-interactions in the energy deposition region of these ultra-intense particle bunches. In our recent experiments we investigated these interactions by single-shot time-resolved optical streaking of the energy deposition region of laser-accelerated proton bunches in liquid water. The absolute timing reference provided by the x-rays emitted from the laser-plasma-interaction and the sub-ps time resolution revealed that ionized electrons solvate > 20 ps delayed compared to experiments with lower deposited energy density. In this paper we discuss first approaches to explain these observations by micro-dosimetric considerations regarding the background molecules excitation of vibration states and polarization. This is highly relevant for applications, e.g. to understand the FLASH-effect in radio-biology. We further present the planned experiments at the Centre for Advanced Laser Applications where these phenomena will be investigated in more detail with advanced diagnostics.
{"title":"Transient absorption measurement of laser-accelerated ion bunch radiolysis on sub-ps timescales","authors":"A. Prasselsperger, Julia Liese, A.-K. Schmidt, F. Balling, S. Gerlach, L. Doyle, Michael Bachhammer, J. Hartmann, T. Rösch, M. Yeung, B. Dromey, J. Schreiber","doi":"10.1117/12.2665576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2665576","url":null,"abstract":"Modern laser-based accelerators for ions reach peak kinetic ion energies of > 100MeV, over 1MA of total beam currents with only a few picoseconds of bunch duration in close vicinity to the target at ≈ 1 Hz repetition rate and with a high controllability. Thus, the number of potential applications is growing rapidly. This raises a high interest in the processes of ion-matter-interactions in the energy deposition region of these ultra-intense particle bunches. In our recent experiments we investigated these interactions by single-shot time-resolved optical streaking of the energy deposition region of laser-accelerated proton bunches in liquid water. The absolute timing reference provided by the x-rays emitted from the laser-plasma-interaction and the sub-ps time resolution revealed that ionized electrons solvate > 20 ps delayed compared to experiments with lower deposited energy density. In this paper we discuss first approaches to explain these observations by micro-dosimetric considerations regarding the background molecules excitation of vibration states and polarization. This is highly relevant for applications, e.g. to understand the FLASH-effect in radio-biology. We further present the planned experiments at the Centre for Advanced Laser Applications where these phenomena will be investigated in more detail with advanced diagnostics.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121657788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomás Soares De Carvalho Feith, Michela Testolina, T. Ebrahimi
In recent years, new emerging immersive imaging modalities, e.g. light fields, have been receiving growing attention, becoming increasingly widespread over the years. Light fields are often captured through multi-camera arrays or plenoptic cameras, with the goal of measuring the light coming from every direction at every point in space. Light field cameras are often sensitive to noise, making light field denoising a crucial pre- and post-processing step. A number of conventional methods for light field denoising have been proposed in the state of the art, making use of the redundant information coming from the different views to remove the noise. While learning-based denoising has demonstrated good performance in the context of image denoising, only preliminary works have studied the benefit of using neural networks to denoise light fields. In this paper, a learning-based light field denoising technique based on a convolutional neural network is investigated by extending a state-of-the-art image denoising method, and taking advantage of the redundant information generated by different views of the same scene. The performance of the proposed approach is compared in terms of accuracy and scalability to state-of-the-art methods for image and light field denoising, both conventional and learning-based. Moreover, the robustness of the proposed method to different types of noise and their strengths is reviewed. To facilitate further research on this topic, the code is made publicly available at https://github.com/mmspg/Light-Field-Denoising
{"title":"Towards learning-based denoising of light fields","authors":"Tomás Soares De Carvalho Feith, Michela Testolina, T. Ebrahimi","doi":"10.1117/12.2666000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2666000","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, new emerging immersive imaging modalities, e.g. light fields, have been receiving growing attention, becoming increasingly widespread over the years. Light fields are often captured through multi-camera arrays or plenoptic cameras, with the goal of measuring the light coming from every direction at every point in space. Light field cameras are often sensitive to noise, making light field denoising a crucial pre- and post-processing step. A number of conventional methods for light field denoising have been proposed in the state of the art, making use of the redundant information coming from the different views to remove the noise. While learning-based denoising has demonstrated good performance in the context of image denoising, only preliminary works have studied the benefit of using neural networks to denoise light fields. In this paper, a learning-based light field denoising technique based on a convolutional neural network is investigated by extending a state-of-the-art image denoising method, and taking advantage of the redundant information generated by different views of the same scene. The performance of the proposed approach is compared in terms of accuracy and scalability to state-of-the-art methods for image and light field denoising, both conventional and learning-based. Moreover, the robustness of the proposed method to different types of noise and their strengths is reviewed. To facilitate further research on this topic, the code is made publicly available at https://github.com/mmspg/Light-Field-Denoising","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114304200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Ferro, L. Cavazzini, M. Moita, E. Virgilli, F. Frontera, L. Amati, N. Auricchio, R. Campana, E. Caroli, C. Labanti, P. Rosati, C. Guidorzi, J. Stephen
A new detection system for X-/Gamma-ray broad energy passband detectors for astronomy has been developed. This system is based on Silicon Drift Detectors (SDDs) coupled with scintillator bars; the SDDs act as a direct detector of soft (<30 keV) X-ray photons, while hard X-/Gamma-rays are stopped by the scintillator bars and the scintillation light is collected by the SDDs. With this configuration, it is possible to build compact, position sensitive detectors with unprecedented energy passband (2 keV – 10/20 MeV). The X and Gamma-ray Imaging Spectrometer (XGIS) on board the THESEUS mission, selected for Phase 0 study for M7, exploits this innovative detection system. The Wide Field Monitor - Imager and Spectrometer (WFM-IS) of the ASTENA (Advanced Surveyor of Transient Events and Nuclear Astrophysics) mission concept consists of 12 independent detection units, also based on this new technology. For the WFM-IS, a coded mask provides imaging capabilities up to 150 keV, while above this limit the instrument will act as a full sky spectrometer. However, it is possible to extend imaging capabilities above this limit by alternatively exploiting the Compton kinematics reconstruction or by using the information from the relative fluxes measured by the different cameras. In this work, we present the instrument design and results from MEGAlib simulations aimed at evaluating the effective area and the imaging performances of the WFM-IS above 150 keV.
{"title":"Imaging performance above 150 keV of the wide field monitor on board the ASTENA concept mission","authors":"L. Ferro, L. Cavazzini, M. Moita, E. Virgilli, F. Frontera, L. Amati, N. Auricchio, R. Campana, E. Caroli, C. Labanti, P. Rosati, C. Guidorzi, J. Stephen","doi":"10.1117/12.2665745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2665745","url":null,"abstract":"A new detection system for X-/Gamma-ray broad energy passband detectors for astronomy has been developed. This system is based on Silicon Drift Detectors (SDDs) coupled with scintillator bars; the SDDs act as a direct detector of soft (<30 keV) X-ray photons, while hard X-/Gamma-rays are stopped by the scintillator bars and the scintillation light is collected by the SDDs. With this configuration, it is possible to build compact, position sensitive detectors with unprecedented energy passband (2 keV – 10/20 MeV). The X and Gamma-ray Imaging Spectrometer (XGIS) on board the THESEUS mission, selected for Phase 0 study for M7, exploits this innovative detection system. The Wide Field Monitor - Imager and Spectrometer (WFM-IS) of the ASTENA (Advanced Surveyor of Transient Events and Nuclear Astrophysics) mission concept consists of 12 independent detection units, also based on this new technology. For the WFM-IS, a coded mask provides imaging capabilities up to 150 keV, while above this limit the instrument will act as a full sky spectrometer. However, it is possible to extend imaging capabilities above this limit by alternatively exploiting the Compton kinematics reconstruction or by using the information from the relative fluxes measured by the different cameras. In this work, we present the instrument design and results from MEGAlib simulations aimed at evaluating the effective area and the imaging performances of the WFM-IS above 150 keV.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125438416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Inneman, V. Maršíková, V. Dániel, P. Oberta, L. Pína, R. Hudec
We present very preliminary results the design, assembly, and tests of new Lobster Eye (LE) and Kirkpatrick Baez (KB) modules based on Multi Foil Optics technology (MFO). The LE X-ray optics is a wide field of view (FOV) optics type Lobster Eye (LE) with a short (400 mm) focal length (suitable for CubeSat application) based on Schmidt design. The 2D LE optics consists of two orthogonal sub-modules of flat smooth reflective foils and each sub-modules focuses in one direction. The key parameters (the FWHM, the FOV (Field of view), and angular resolution, effective area) of the 2D LE optic were measured with different detectors. The advantage of MFO LE is that for off-axis points the angular resolution is preserved throughout the FOV, as demonstrated by measuring. There is a combined detector system that includes two detectors - Timepix3 Quad and spectroscope. The benefit of the combined detector system was demonstrated in the real measurement. Moreover, a new generation multiple arrays module of 2D X-ray KB optics with long f (nearly 6 meters) based on multi-foil silicon assembling technology was designed, manufactured, and tested in optical light and in X-rays at the Panter facility and the preliminary results will be also presented and discussed.
{"title":"Novel lobster eye and Kirkpatrick Baez modules based on multifoil technology: design, assembly and tests","authors":"A. Inneman, V. Maršíková, V. Dániel, P. Oberta, L. Pína, R. Hudec","doi":"10.1117/12.2670361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2670361","url":null,"abstract":"We present very preliminary results the design, assembly, and tests of new Lobster Eye (LE) and Kirkpatrick Baez (KB) modules based on Multi Foil Optics technology (MFO). The LE X-ray optics is a wide field of view (FOV) optics type Lobster Eye (LE) with a short (400 mm) focal length (suitable for CubeSat application) based on Schmidt design. The 2D LE optics consists of two orthogonal sub-modules of flat smooth reflective foils and each sub-modules focuses in one direction. The key parameters (the FWHM, the FOV (Field of view), and angular resolution, effective area) of the 2D LE optic were measured with different detectors. The advantage of MFO LE is that for off-axis points the angular resolution is preserved throughout the FOV, as demonstrated by measuring. There is a combined detector system that includes two detectors - Timepix3 Quad and spectroscope. The benefit of the combined detector system was demonstrated in the real measurement. Moreover, a new generation multiple arrays module of 2D X-ray KB optics with long f (nearly 6 meters) based on multi-foil silicon assembling technology was designed, manufactured, and tested in optical light and in X-rays at the Panter facility and the preliminary results will be also presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125981222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conventional mining might not be sufficient to support the growth of humankind which is heavily dependent upon rare materials in technical applications. Asteroid mining might be an answer, with Near-Earth objects (NEOs) being the first targets. However, the first step in the asteroid mining cascade is to probe reachable asteroids. Moreover, to identify the best candidates for further activities hundreds to thousands of asteroids must be screened. The fast progressing development of CubeSats might allow the space community to do the initial in-situ screening in a minimalistical and economical manner. Additionally, formation flying might enable the miniaturization of optical payloads for asteroid composition analysis in CubeSats. The recent developments in formation flying are summarised in this study and the possibility of utilizing formation flying CubeSats for asteroid surveillance explored.
{"title":"CubeSat tandem flight for asteroid surveillance","authors":"Vít Pomahać, R. Hudec, T. Döhring","doi":"10.1117/12.2672396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2672396","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional mining might not be sufficient to support the growth of humankind which is heavily dependent upon rare materials in technical applications. Asteroid mining might be an answer, with Near-Earth objects (NEOs) being the first targets. However, the first step in the asteroid mining cascade is to probe reachable asteroids. Moreover, to identify the best candidates for further activities hundreds to thousands of asteroids must be screened. The fast progressing development of CubeSats might allow the space community to do the initial in-situ screening in a minimalistical and economical manner. Additionally, formation flying might enable the miniaturization of optical payloads for asteroid composition analysis in CubeSats. The recent developments in formation flying are summarised in this study and the possibility of utilizing formation flying CubeSats for asteroid surveillance explored.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133987216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I give a short overview of astronomical X-ray optics covering the past, recent, and future developments with an emphasis on grazing incidence optics and on developments in the Czech Republic. There is a long history in the X-ray optics development in the Czech Republic – the first X-ray mirror was produced in 1969. The first Czech X-ray mirror (50 mm Wolter for solar imaging) was flown to space onboard the Vertikal 8 rocket in 1979 as part of a photographic solar X-ray telescope in collaboration with Polish institutes. The recent developments focus on new technologies based on novel lightweight materials such as slumped glass foils and Silicon wafers and also on novel designs and arrangements such as wide-field Lobster Eye X-ray optics.
{"title":"Grazing incidence X-ray optics in the Czech Republic: past, present, future","authors":"R. Hudec","doi":"10.1117/12.2670446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2670446","url":null,"abstract":"I give a short overview of astronomical X-ray optics covering the past, recent, and future developments with an emphasis on grazing incidence optics and on developments in the Czech Republic. There is a long history in the X-ray optics development in the Czech Republic – the first X-ray mirror was produced in 1969. The first Czech X-ray mirror (50 mm Wolter for solar imaging) was flown to space onboard the Vertikal 8 rocket in 1979 as part of a photographic solar X-ray telescope in collaboration with Polish institutes. The recent developments focus on new technologies based on novel lightweight materials such as slumped glass foils and Silicon wafers and also on novel designs and arrangements such as wide-field Lobster Eye X-ray optics.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124536702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Döhring, Veronika Stieglitz, P. Friedrich, V. Burwitz, Martin Jelínek, R. Hudec
Reflective coatings for astronomical X-ray optics were developed at the “Aschaffenburg Competence Center for Astronomical and Space Instrumentation” (ACCASI) since several years. As part of a Bavarian-Czech cooperation between the Technical University of Aschaffenburg and the Czech Technical University of Prague, now two mechanically identical telescopes were built. One telescope optic was equipped with conventional gold-coated mirrors, manufactured by the Czech project partners. The 34 X-ray mirrors of the second telescope use an innovative coating system made of chromium and iridium, which was applied at the Aschaffenburg coating laboratory. Both telescopes are designed according to the bionic principle of a reflecting lobster eye. The optics works with two consecutive reflections on mutually perpendicular mirror surfaces. This enables a large field of view with many square degrees in diameter, which, however, comes at the price of a reduced angular resolution. An extensive X-ray characterization of these telescopes was carried out at the PANTER test facility of MPE, which simulates parallel starlight incident on the telescopes. The telescopes have an angular resolution of about 4 arc minutes in X-rays and a focal length of about 2 meters. Furthermore, the used X-ray mirrors reflect and focus visible light as well and this functionality in the optical regime was checked in laboratory tests. Now another test campaign was done to examine the telescope resolution for real objects of the visible sky and the imaging properties for star constellations. Such functional tests by observing astronomical objects of the visible sky may simplify and accelerate the development of X-ray telescopes for satellite applications.
{"title":"Testing of lobster-eye type telescopes with X-rays and visible light","authors":"T. Döhring, Veronika Stieglitz, P. Friedrich, V. Burwitz, Martin Jelínek, R. Hudec","doi":"10.1117/12.2665429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2665429","url":null,"abstract":"Reflective coatings for astronomical X-ray optics were developed at the “Aschaffenburg Competence Center for Astronomical and Space Instrumentation” (ACCASI) since several years. As part of a Bavarian-Czech cooperation between the Technical University of Aschaffenburg and the Czech Technical University of Prague, now two mechanically identical telescopes were built. One telescope optic was equipped with conventional gold-coated mirrors, manufactured by the Czech project partners. The 34 X-ray mirrors of the second telescope use an innovative coating system made of chromium and iridium, which was applied at the Aschaffenburg coating laboratory. Both telescopes are designed according to the bionic principle of a reflecting lobster eye. The optics works with two consecutive reflections on mutually perpendicular mirror surfaces. This enables a large field of view with many square degrees in diameter, which, however, comes at the price of a reduced angular resolution. An extensive X-ray characterization of these telescopes was carried out at the PANTER test facility of MPE, which simulates parallel starlight incident on the telescopes. The telescopes have an angular resolution of about 4 arc minutes in X-rays and a focal length of about 2 meters. Furthermore, the used X-ray mirrors reflect and focus visible light as well and this functionality in the optical regime was checked in laboratory tests. Now another test campaign was done to examine the telescope resolution for real objects of the visible sky and the imaging properties for star constellations. Such functional tests by observing astronomical objects of the visible sky may simplify and accelerate the development of X-ray telescopes for satellite applications.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"394 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114914807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Probst, H. Löchel, T. Krist, C. Braig, C. Seifert
We present first experimental results on wavelength-dispersive soft X-ray spectroscopy of TiO2 in the vicinity of the Ti Lσ fluorescence line with a central energy of about 452.2 eV, demonstrating the functionality of a newly developed, laboratory-scaled setup. In our instrument, the micron-sized photon emission from an electronexcited source is collected efficiently by a rotationally symmetric, ellipsoidal mirror and subsequently dispersed by a reflection zone plate with inscribed diffractive wavefront correction, to compensate for figure and alignment errors of the ellipsoid to some degree. The measured data, recorded with a CCD camera in one meter from the source, show clearly separated peaks from different Ti L (398.3 eV and 452.2 eV) contributions and O Kα emission (523.1 eV) with an energy resolving power around 38 and a signal-to-noise ratio between 4.4 and 10.7.
{"title":"Soft X-ray spectroscopy in the lab with an ellipsoidal mirror and a wavefront corrected reflection zone plate","authors":"J. Probst, H. Löchel, T. Krist, C. Braig, C. Seifert","doi":"10.1117/12.2663780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2663780","url":null,"abstract":"We present first experimental results on wavelength-dispersive soft X-ray spectroscopy of TiO2 in the vicinity of the Ti Lσ fluorescence line with a central energy of about 452.2 eV, demonstrating the functionality of a newly developed, laboratory-scaled setup. In our instrument, the micron-sized photon emission from an electronexcited source is collected efficiently by a rotationally symmetric, ellipsoidal mirror and subsequently dispersed by a reflection zone plate with inscribed diffractive wavefront correction, to compensate for figure and alignment errors of the ellipsoid to some degree. The measured data, recorded with a CCD camera in one meter from the source, show clearly separated peaks from different Ti L (398.3 eV and 452.2 eV) contributions and O Kα emission (523.1 eV) with an energy resolving power around 38 and a signal-to-noise ratio between 4.4 and 10.7.","PeriodicalId":376481,"journal":{"name":"Optics + Optoelectronics","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133003678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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