{"title":"The ubiquitous position effect, synergistic effect of recent generated tandem duplicated genes in grapevine, and their co-response and overactivity to biotic stress","authors":"Junjie Qu, Lulu Liu, Zexi Guo, Xudong Li, Fengying Pan, Dayun Sun, L. Yin","doi":"10.48130/frures-2023-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/frures-2023-0016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37667,"journal":{"name":"Fruit Growing Research","volume":"199 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74223682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.47612/0134-9759-2022-34-220-227
A. Zmushko, M. D. Morozova
The fruits of the Actinidia genus contain a large amount of biologically active substances with antioxidant properties and serve as a valuable source of vitamins, catechins, pectins and many other compounds. The basic collection of actinidia available in the berry crop department of the Institute for Fruit Growing is currently represented by three winter-hardy species (A. kolomikta, A. arguta and A. polygama). In order to meet consumer demand for new species and varieties in a timely manner, it is necessary to widely introduce new technologies for the production of planting material along with traditional methods of reproduction. Micropropagation and plant health improvement is the most advanced and widely used methodology of applied biotechnology in different countries. The article analyses in detail all the nuances of the in vitro culture initiation stage of actinidia, including the timing of explant isolation, explant types, sterilization schemes, nutrient growth media of the initiation stage, and other factors.
猕猴桃属的果实含有大量具有抗氧化特性的生物活性物质，是维生素、儿茶素、果胶和许多其他化合物的宝贵来源。水果种植研究所浆果作物部门现有的猕猴桃基本收藏目前有三种耐寒品种(A. kolomikta, A. arguta和A. polygama)。为了及时满足消费者对新种、新品种的需求，有必要在传统繁殖方法的基础上，广泛引进新的种植材料生产技术。微繁和植物健康改良是目前各国应用生物技术最先进、应用最广泛的方法。本文详细分析了猕猴桃离体培养起始阶段的各种细微差别，包括外植体分离时机、外植体类型、灭菌方案、起始阶段的营养生长介质等因素。
{"title":"THE PROSPECT OF ACTINIDIA MICROPRODUCTION. INITIATION STAGE","authors":"A. Zmushko, M. D. Morozova","doi":"10.47612/0134-9759-2022-34-220-227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47612/0134-9759-2022-34-220-227","url":null,"abstract":"The fruits of the Actinidia genus contain a large amount of biologically active substances with antioxidant properties and serve as a valuable source of vitamins, catechins, pectins and many other compounds. The basic collection of actinidia available in the berry crop department of the Institute for Fruit Growing is currently represented by three winter-hardy species (A. kolomikta, A. arguta and A. polygama). In order to meet consumer demand for new species and varieties in a timely manner, it is necessary to widely introduce new technologies for the production of planting material along with traditional methods of reproduction. Micropropagation and plant health improvement is the most advanced and widely used methodology of applied biotechnology in different countries. The article analyses in detail all the nuances of the in vitro culture initiation stage of actinidia, including the timing of explant isolation, explant types, sterilization schemes, nutrient growth media of the initiation stage, and other factors.","PeriodicalId":37667,"journal":{"name":"Fruit Growing Research","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78065552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.48130/frures-2023-0025
Lei Zhao, Yudi Liu, Xiaomei Chen, X. Zhang, Liao Liao, Lu Wang, Jianping An, Yuepeng Han
Light is important for fruit coloration, but molecular mechanisms underlying the impact of visible light on anthocyanin pigmentation in peach peel remain elusive. Here, we investigated the influence of visible light, including red, green and blue light, on peel coloration in peach. Blue light had a better ability to induce anthocyanin pigmentation in peach peel than red and green light. A transcription factor, PpHYH , was identified to be responsible for visible light-induced anthocyanin accumulation in peach peel. The PpHYH gene was more highly expressed in peach peel exposed to blue light than in the peel exposed to red and green light. Moreover, PpHYH had two alternative splicing variants, PpHYH-X1 and PpHYH-X2 , with the latter having a stronger ability to activate transcription of PpMYB10.1 . Blue light had better ability to increase the ratio of PpHYH-X2 to PpHYH-X1 compared to green and red light. Thus, the role of blue light in peach peel anthocyanin pigmentation could be attributed to its ability to activate the transcription of PpHYH and to ensure the relative abundance of the PpHYH-X2 transcript. Additionally, light was able to enhance the occurrence of alternative splicing variants in peach peel. Our results confirmed the important role of PpHYH gene in light-induced anthocyanin pigmentation in peach peel.
{"title":"Visible light induces the PpHYH transcription to promote anthocyanin pigmentation in peach peel","authors":"Lei Zhao, Yudi Liu, Xiaomei Chen, X. Zhang, Liao Liao, Lu Wang, Jianping An, Yuepeng Han","doi":"10.48130/frures-2023-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/frures-2023-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Light is important for fruit coloration, but molecular mechanisms underlying the impact of visible light on anthocyanin pigmentation in peach peel remain elusive. Here, we investigated the influence of visible light, including red, green and blue light, on peel coloration in peach. Blue light had a better ability to induce anthocyanin pigmentation in peach peel than red and green light. A transcription factor, PpHYH , was identified to be responsible for visible light-induced anthocyanin accumulation in peach peel. The PpHYH gene was more highly expressed in peach peel exposed to blue light than in the peel exposed to red and green light. Moreover, PpHYH had two alternative splicing variants, PpHYH-X1 and PpHYH-X2 , with the latter having a stronger ability to activate transcription of PpMYB10.1 . Blue light had better ability to increase the ratio of PpHYH-X2 to PpHYH-X1 compared to green and red light. Thus, the role of blue light in peach peel anthocyanin pigmentation could be attributed to its ability to activate the transcription of PpHYH and to ensure the relative abundance of the PpHYH-X2 transcript. Additionally, light was able to enhance the occurrence of alternative splicing variants in peach peel. Our results confirmed the important role of PpHYH gene in light-induced anthocyanin pigmentation in peach peel.","PeriodicalId":37667,"journal":{"name":"Fruit Growing Research","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84084506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.48130/frures-2023-0009
Shu Jiang, Yi Ji, Mingqian Wang, Li Xue, Jun Zhao, Yang Zheng, H. Dai, J. Lei
{"title":"Establishing a high-efficiency in vitro regeneration system for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in Fragaria nilgerrensis","authors":"Shu Jiang, Yi Ji, Mingqian Wang, Li Xue, Jun Zhao, Yang Zheng, H. Dai, J. Lei","doi":"10.48130/frures-2023-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/frures-2023-0009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37667,"journal":{"name":"Fruit Growing Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81039201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.48130/frures-2023-0027
Tayab Soomro, Michael Jordan, Sophie Watts, Zoë Migicovsky, C. Forney, Jun Song, Sean Myles
An apple's aroma is a major determinant of its desirability by consumers. To better understand the aroma of apples, 2-dimensional gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (2D-GCMS) was used to quantify 106 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from 515 apple varieties. We identified esters and aldehydes as the most abundant classes of VOCs, with butyl acetate and hexyl acetate being present in nearly every variety. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the primary axis of variation in the apple volatilome is correlated with harvest date, with early-harvested apples expressing a greater number and higher concentration of VOCs compared to late-harvested apples. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using 250,579 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified a significant association between SNPs near the alcohol acyltransferase (AAT1) locus and the abundance of several esters. Additionally, strong associations were observed between SNPs at the NAC18.1 transcription factor locus and the abundances of 1-hexanol and 1-butanol, which serve as precursors for hexyl acetate and butyl acetate, respectively. These findings provide a foundation for understanding the genetic basis of apple aroma production and pave the way for the genomics-assisted enhancement of the aroma profiles of apple varieties to meet
{"title":"Genomic insights into apple aroma diversity","authors":"Tayab Soomro, Michael Jordan, Sophie Watts, Zoë Migicovsky, C. Forney, Jun Song, Sean Myles","doi":"10.48130/frures-2023-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/frures-2023-0027","url":null,"abstract":"An apple's aroma is a major determinant of its desirability by consumers. To better understand the aroma of apples, 2-dimensional gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (2D-GCMS) was used to quantify 106 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from 515 apple varieties. We identified esters and aldehydes as the most abundant classes of VOCs, with butyl acetate and hexyl acetate being present in nearly every variety. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the primary axis of variation in the apple volatilome is correlated with harvest date, with early-harvested apples expressing a greater number and higher concentration of VOCs compared to late-harvested apples. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using 250,579 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified a significant association between SNPs near the alcohol acyltransferase (AAT1) locus and the abundance of several esters. Additionally, strong associations were observed between SNPs at the NAC18.1 transcription factor locus and the abundances of 1-hexanol and 1-butanol, which serve as precursors for hexyl acetate and butyl acetate, respectively. These findings provide a foundation for understanding the genetic basis of apple aroma production and pave the way for the genomics-assisted enhancement of the aroma profiles of apple varieties to meet","PeriodicalId":37667,"journal":{"name":"Fruit Growing Research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74438940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.48130/frures-2023-0028
Katherine Stewart, T. Passey, Carol Verheecke-Vaessen, Zoltan Kevei, Xiangming Xu
{"title":"Is it feasible to use mixed orchards to manage apple scab?","authors":"Katherine Stewart, T. Passey, Carol Verheecke-Vaessen, Zoltan Kevei, Xiangming Xu","doi":"10.48130/frures-2023-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/frures-2023-0028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37667,"journal":{"name":"Fruit Growing Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85492503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.48130/frures-2023-0034
Qingshan Li, Yuan Gao, Kun Wang, Simiao Sun, Xiang Lu, Zhao Liu, Guangyi Wang, Lin Wang, Zichen Li, Hanxin Guo, Lianwen Li, Jianrong Feng, Dajiang Wang
Apple (Malus domestica) is an important multi-functional horticultural crop. However, thus far, there have been few reports concerning the molecular mechanism by which interstock regulates rootstock and scion growth. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of post-transcriptional regulator that regulates apple growth and development, fruit quality, hormone signal transduction, and stress response. Interstock grafting resulted in differences in miRNA distribution between apple tissues. The regulatory roles of miRNAs in the grafting of apples are not yet clear. In this study, 15 libraries were constructed using the phloem of an apple grafted on two types of interstock and rootstock by high-throughput sequencing. A total of 281 miRNAs were catalogued into 80 families, and 159 novel ones were identified. Compared with the control, the grafting combination with the interstock resulted in 79 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in the scion, with 36 up-regulated and 43 down-regulated miRNAs, and 57 DEMs in the rootstock, including 22 up-regulated and 35 down-regulated miRNAs. Grafting with the dwarfing interstock led to DEMs in the whole plant, including a decrease in the expression of mdm-miR156 in the scion and mdm-miR172 in the rootstock. Predictive analysis of the DEMs and their target genes suggested that miRNAs mediate scion growth through several aspects, such as plant hormone synthesis and signal transduction, and nutrient absorption and balance. Through combined miRNA and mRNA analysis, the dwarfing effect of the interstock may affect the expression of genes related to the starch and sucrose metabolism pathways in the rootstock and the plant hormone signal transduction pathway in the scion. The available evidence facilitates a better understanding of the role of miRNAs in the response of apples after grafting interstock. One possible reason for the stunting of apple trees and the promotion of early flowering caused by the dwarfing interstock is the decrease in expression levels of mdm-miR156 and mdm-miR172.
{"title":"Identification of microRNAs and target genes in apple (<i>Malus domestica</i>) scion and rootstock with grafted interstock","authors":"Qingshan Li, Yuan Gao, Kun Wang, Simiao Sun, Xiang Lu, Zhao Liu, Guangyi Wang, Lin Wang, Zichen Li, Hanxin Guo, Lianwen Li, Jianrong Feng, Dajiang Wang","doi":"10.48130/frures-2023-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/frures-2023-0034","url":null,"abstract":"Apple (<italic>Malus domestica</italic>) is an important multi-functional horticultural crop. However, thus far, there have been few reports concerning the molecular mechanism by which interstock regulates rootstock and scion growth. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of post-transcriptional regulator that regulates apple growth and development, fruit quality, hormone signal transduction, and stress response. Interstock grafting resulted in differences in miRNA distribution between apple tissues. The regulatory roles of miRNAs in the grafting of apples are not yet clear. In this study, 15 libraries were constructed using the phloem of an apple grafted on two types of interstock and rootstock by high-throughput sequencing. A total of 281 miRNAs were catalogued into 80 families, and 159 novel ones were identified. Compared with the control, the grafting combination with the interstock resulted in 79 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in the scion, with 36 up-regulated and 43 down-regulated miRNAs, and 57 DEMs in the rootstock, including 22 up-regulated and 35 down-regulated miRNAs. Grafting with the dwarfing interstock led to DEMs in the whole plant, including a decrease in the expression of mdm-miR156 in the scion and mdm-miR172 in the rootstock. Predictive analysis of the DEMs and their target genes suggested that miRNAs mediate scion growth through several aspects, such as plant hormone synthesis and signal transduction, and nutrient absorption and balance. Through combined miRNA and mRNA analysis, the dwarfing effect of the interstock may affect the expression of genes related to the starch and sucrose metabolism pathways in the rootstock and the plant hormone signal transduction pathway in the scion. The available evidence facilitates a better understanding of the role of miRNAs in the response of apples after grafting interstock. One possible reason for the stunting of apple trees and the promotion of early flowering caused by the dwarfing interstock is the decrease in expression levels of mdm-miR156 and mdm-miR172.","PeriodicalId":37667,"journal":{"name":"Fruit Growing Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136367763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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