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Under the umbrella of epistemic injustice communication and epistemic injustice in clinical encounters: a critical scoping review
Q3 Medicine
Ethics, Medicine and Public Health
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2024.101039
Liz Jonas , Sondra Bacharach , Sarah Nightingale , Sara Filoche

Introduction

Concordant communication between a patient and healthcare practitioner is a critical proponent of effective care. Prejudiced communication from healthcare practitioners creates vulnerability for Epistemic Injustice and is a barrier to Culturally Safe Care. The language used to detect, address and mitigate instances of Epistemic Injustice during clinical interactions is currently unknown.

Objective

This review seeks to address this gap by assessing current understandings of Epistemic Injustice during patient-healthcare practitioner clinical interactions and suggest pathways to promote health equity policy.

Methods

This study utilized Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review methodology and Grant and Booth’s critical appraisal framework to review articles from four databases: WEB of Science, SCOPUS, PsycINFO and Medline. Following a literature review to inform inclusion criteria, studies were assessed for detectable themes of Epistemic Injustice in relation to patient-healthcare practitioner communication during clinical encounters.

Results

Initially, 2729 studies were identified, and 44 studies were included. Two major themes are discussed in this review: (1) Types of Epistemic Injustice and (2) Counterparts of Epistemic Injustice.

Conclusions

Currently, literature does not directly discuss experiences of clinical Epistemic Injustice, rather discussion occurs across a network of similar linguistic identifiers, which hinders detection and subsequent mitigation of Epistemic Injustice in clinical settings. By modeling a definition for clinical Epistemic Injustice, educational resources from which patients, practitioners and policy developers alike can draw from are suggested. Basing future mitigation strategies on these findings supports pathways to reducing health disparity, especially for marginalized communities, and promoting equity.
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引用次数: 0
How are surgical and clinical innovations in medical practice defined for the purpose of determining regulatory jurisdiction and oversight responsibility?: A scoping review
Q3 Medicine
Ethics, Medicine and Public Health
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101044
A. Zarzeczny , C. Bradley , L. Ge

Background

Various jurisdictions such as the US, Canada, and the UK have regulatory frameworks overseeing pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and medical research, with categorization determining authority and responsibility for oversight. Unclear categorization poses health policy concerns, potentially hindering progress in fields like regenerative medicine.

Methodology

This scoping review aims to clarify how surgical and clinical innovations, as well as medical practices, are defined for regulatory purposes. It maps current literature, clarifies key concepts, and provides a descriptive analysis.

Results

The review elucidates key concepts related to the characterization and oversight of new medical interventions, highlighting inconsistencies, and identifying gaps needing clarity in regulation and characterization in medical practices.

Conclusion

Addressing ambiguity in oversight is crucial. Clarifying definitions can enhance governance, advance medical interventions, promote innovation, and ensure patient safety in emerging biomedical fields.
{"title":"How are surgical and clinical innovations in medical practice defined for the purpose of determining regulatory jurisdiction and oversight responsibility?: A scoping review","authors":"A. Zarzeczny ,&nbsp;C. Bradley ,&nbsp;L. Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Various jurisdictions such as the US, Canada, and the UK have regulatory frameworks overseeing pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and medical research, with categorization determining authority and responsibility for oversight. Unclear categorization poses health policy concerns, potentially hindering progress in fields like regenerative medicine.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>This scoping review aims to clarify how surgical and clinical innovations, as well as medical practices, are defined for regulatory purposes. It maps current literature, clarifies key concepts, and provides a descriptive analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The review elucidates key concepts related to the characterization and oversight of new medical interventions, highlighting inconsistencies, and identifying gaps needing clarity in regulation and characterization in medical practices.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Addressing ambiguity in oversight is crucial. Clarifying definitions can enhance governance, advance medical interventions, promote innovation, and ensure patient safety in emerging biomedical fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101044"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Aging and autonomy
Q3 Medicine
Ethics, Medicine and Public Health
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101053
M. Rebourg
Faced with the challenge posed to public policy by the increasing longevity of people living with or without loss of autonomy, mostly in their own homes, France has recently adopted various pieces of legislation. These texts give priority to home care, the promotion of decision-making autonomy and respect for rights and freedoms.
{"title":"Aging and autonomy","authors":"M. Rebourg","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Faced with the challenge posed to public policy by the increasing longevity of people living with or without loss of autonomy, mostly in their own homes, France has recently adopted various pieces of legislation. These texts give priority to home care, the promotion of decision-making autonomy and respect for rights and freedoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101053"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Public perspectives on ethical issues in lung cancer screening policy design and implementation in Ontario, Canada
Q3 Medicine
Ethics, Medicine and Public Health
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101061
M. Pahwa , J. Abelson , L. Schwartz , P.A. Demers , K. Shen , H. Shaikh , M. Vanstone

Purpose

Public perspectives on ethical issues in cancer screening may contribute to informing policymaking. Lung cancer screening is being implemented with the aim of reducing lung cancer mortality. Inequitable lung carcinogen exposure and lung cancer disparities are key ethical challenges in screening. This research aimed to examine public perspectives about ethical issues in lung cancer screening.

Methods

A qualitative description study was conducted in Ontario, Canada, where a provincial lung cancer screening program is being implemented. Using maximum variation sampling, Ontario residents aged 55–85 years were recruited via family medicine clinics, social media, and personal networks. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with individual participants to elicit their perspectives on established ethical issues in cancer screening, with questions focused on potential lung cancer screening benefits and harms, who should be eligible, and why.

Findings

Twenty-six individuals participated in this study. Participants were aged 61−70 years and of various education levels. Sixty-five percent were women. No participants currently smoked commercial tobacco. Participants believed screening was important for reducing lung cancer mortality and saving healthcare costs. Participants stated that screening should consider and prioritize a wider range of lung cancer risk factors, such as occupational exposures and family history of lung cancer, than factors currently being used to offer screening to those at high risk. Participants gave less priority to screening for people who currently smoke.

Conclusion

Public perspectives supported screening high-risk candidates; however, support may be undermined by smoking stigma. Screening policies should more effectively mitigate stigma and ethically justify screening candidacy decisions.
{"title":"Public perspectives on ethical issues in lung cancer screening policy design and implementation in Ontario, Canada","authors":"M. Pahwa ,&nbsp;J. Abelson ,&nbsp;L. Schwartz ,&nbsp;P.A. Demers ,&nbsp;K. Shen ,&nbsp;H. Shaikh ,&nbsp;M. Vanstone","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Public perspectives on ethical issues in cancer screening may contribute to informing policymaking. Lung cancer screening is being implemented with the aim of reducing lung cancer mortality. Inequitable lung carcinogen exposure and lung cancer disparities are key ethical challenges in screening. This research aimed to examine public perspectives about ethical issues in lung cancer screening.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A qualitative description study was conducted in Ontario, Canada, where a provincial lung cancer screening program is being implemented. Using maximum variation sampling, Ontario residents aged 55–85 years were recruited via family medicine clinics, social media, and personal networks. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with individual participants to elicit their perspectives on established ethical issues in cancer screening, with questions focused on potential lung cancer screening benefits and harms, who should be eligible, and why.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Twenty-six individuals participated in this study. Participants were aged 61−70 years and of various education levels. Sixty-five percent were women. No participants currently smoked commercial tobacco. Participants believed screening was important for reducing lung cancer mortality and saving healthcare costs. Participants stated that screening should consider and prioritize a wider range of lung cancer risk factors, such as occupational exposures and family history of lung cancer, than factors currently being used to offer screening to those at high risk. Participants gave less priority to screening for people who currently smoke.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Public perspectives supported screening high-risk candidates; however, support may be undermined by smoking stigma. Screening policies should more effectively mitigate stigma and ethically justify screening candidacy decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101061"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143213599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ethics in medicine: protecting patient privacy from commercial exploitation in Somalia
Q3 Medicine
Ethics, Medicine and Public Health
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101043
A.S. Ali , O.J. Okesanya , M.M. Ahmed , B. Garba , N.I. Dirie
{"title":"Ethics in medicine: protecting patient privacy from commercial exploitation in Somalia","authors":"A.S. Ali ,&nbsp;O.J. Okesanya ,&nbsp;M.M. Ahmed ,&nbsp;B. Garba ,&nbsp;N.I. Dirie","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101043"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Beyond truth and profit: The show must go on, still
Q3 Medicine
Ethics, Medicine and Public Health
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101063
J. Park

Background

The stem cell research manipulation scandal involving Dr. Woo Suk Hwang sparked widespread ethical and scientific debate. Previous work published in the Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics [1] explored suspicions surrounding the scandal. This discussion builds on that foundation in light of a recent publication, Ethical Innovation for Global Health, and aims to examine the broader implications of the case.

Objective

To analyze the lessons learned from the Hwang case with an alternative perspective and propose solutions to prevent similar occurrences in the future.

Methods

This paper revisits the details of the Hwang scandal, focusing on ethical, financial, and political dimensions, and reviews subsequent developments, including a reevaluation of Hwang’s scientific contributions and their recognition through patents.

Results

Despite the fabrications, key scientific achievements were later corroborated, with the Science journal’s chief editor asserting that the main discoveries remained valid. Hwang’s techniques were even patented by the United States Patent and Trademark Office. However, political forces shifted public focus away from core issues, finally undermining research integrity.

Conclusions

The Hwang scandal highlights the complex interplay of ethics, science, and politics in research misconduct. This paper argues for revisiting the role of social scientists in addressing and understanding scientific scandals to better uphold the integrity of research practices.
{"title":"Beyond truth and profit: The show must go on, still","authors":"J. Park","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The stem cell research manipulation scandal involving Dr. Woo Suk Hwang sparked widespread ethical and scientific debate. Previous work published in the <em>Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics</em> [1] explored suspicions surrounding the scandal. This discussion builds on that foundation in light of a recent publication, <em>Ethical Innovation for Global Health</em>, and aims to examine the broader implications of the case.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To analyze the lessons learned from the Hwang case with an alternative perspective and propose solutions to prevent similar occurrences in the future.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This paper revisits the details of the Hwang scandal, focusing on ethical, financial, and political dimensions, and reviews subsequent developments, including a reevaluation of Hwang’s scientific contributions and their recognition through patents.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Despite the fabrications, key scientific achievements were later corroborated, with the <em>Science</em> journal’s chief editor asserting that the main discoveries remained valid. Hwang’s techniques were even patented by the United States Patent and Trademark Office. However, political forces shifted public focus away from core issues, finally undermining research integrity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The Hwang scandal highlights the complex interplay of ethics, science, and politics in research misconduct. This paper argues for revisiting the role of social scientists in addressing and understanding scientific scandals to better uphold the integrity of research practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101063"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Another one bites the dust: contribution of neurologists to STI prevention strategies
Q3 Medicine
Ethics, Medicine and Public Health
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101048
A. Demas
In the realm of sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention, the contribution of neurology and neuroscience emerges as pivotal. This abstract explores how insights from these fields inform and enhance the understanding of human cognitive-behavioral dynamics in STI risk-taking. Neurologists and neuroscientists offer valuable perspectives on the interplay between brain function, behavior, and societal influences, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms driving risky sexual behavior. By integrating cognitive-behavioral data provided by neurologists, future STI prevention strategies can be optimized, fostering a comprehensive approach to sexual health promotion and disease prevention.
{"title":"Another one bites the dust: contribution of neurologists to STI prevention strategies","authors":"A. Demas","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the realm of sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention, the contribution of neurology and neuroscience emerges as pivotal. This abstract explores how insights from these fields inform and enhance the understanding of human cognitive-behavioral dynamics in STI risk-taking. Neurologists and neuroscientists offer valuable perspectives on the interplay between brain function, behavior, and societal influences, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms driving risky sexual behavior. By integrating cognitive-behavioral data provided by neurologists, future STI prevention strategies can be optimized, fostering a comprehensive approach to sexual health promotion and disease prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101048"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Health law and bioethics in France
Q3 Medicine
Ethics, Medicine and Public Health
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2024.101027
David N. Weisstub
{"title":"Health law and bioethics in France","authors":"David N. Weisstub","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2024.101027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2024.101027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101027"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Healthy aging: A political vision beyond medical considerations
Q3 Medicine
Ethics, Medicine and Public Health
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2024.101029
C. Bommier , C. Hervé
This synthesis article outlines the key lines of thought shared during the colloquium of the International Academy of Ethics, Medicine, and Public Health, held on March 11 and 12, 2024, in Paris (France). It addresses aging as a political topic, the role that social sciences may play in building healthy aging, and the lack of public health thinking on aging. Finally, we draw avenues to build a political vision of healthy aging, both at the medical and political levels.
{"title":"Healthy aging: A political vision beyond medical considerations","authors":"C. Bommier ,&nbsp;C. Hervé","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2024.101029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2024.101029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This synthesis article outlines the key lines of thought shared during the colloquium of the <em>International Academy of Ethics, Medicine, and Public Health</em>, held on March 11 and 12, 2024, in Paris (France). It addresses aging as a political topic, the role that social sciences may play in building healthy aging, and the lack of public health thinking on aging. Finally, we draw avenues to build a political vision of healthy aging, both at the medical and political levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101029"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Battling measles: Shifting strategies to meet emerging challenges and inequities
Q3 Medicine
Ethics, Medicine and Public Health
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101047
F. Pasadyn, N. Mamo, A. Caplan

Background

Measles outbreaks remain a significant global health challenge, particularly in low-resource settings, despite the availability of safe and effective vaccines. The resurgence of measles underscores the critical need to address underlying health inequities that hinder vaccination coverage, such as political instability, growing distrust of all vaccines, economic collapse, and weak healthcare systems. Vulnerable populations, including unvaccinated children and pregnant individuals, are at heightened risk for severe complications, especially in regions with limited access to healthcare and vaccination services. The persistent disparities in vaccine uptake, driven by social determinants of health like ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geographic location, exacerbate these risks. This emphasizes the need for equitable vaccination strategies that ensure access to life-saving immunizations for all, particularly those in hard-to-reach areas.

Approaches and future strategies

Targeted approaches, such as Supplemental Immunization Activities (SIAs) and the use of innovative vaccine delivery technologies, like Microarray Patches (MAPs), show promise in reducing access barriers. Additionally, policies rooted in inclusivity that foster community engagement, health literacy, and infrastructure development are essential for increasing measles vaccination rates.

Conclusion

Achieving global measles control requires a commitment to a multifaceted strategy that combines equitable policy, innovative technologies, and strengthened healthcare systems to ensure no one is left behind in the fight against measles.
{"title":"Battling measles: Shifting strategies to meet emerging challenges and inequities","authors":"F. Pasadyn,&nbsp;N. Mamo,&nbsp;A. Caplan","doi":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Measles outbreaks remain a significant global health challenge, particularly in low-resource settings, despite the availability of safe and effective vaccines. The resurgence of measles underscores the critical need to address underlying health inequities that hinder vaccination coverage, such as political instability, growing distrust of all vaccines, economic collapse, and weak healthcare systems. Vulnerable populations, including unvaccinated children and pregnant individuals, are at heightened risk for severe complications, especially in regions with limited access to healthcare and vaccination services. The persistent disparities in vaccine uptake, driven by social determinants of health like ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geographic location, exacerbate these risks. This emphasizes the need for equitable vaccination strategies that ensure access to life-saving immunizations for all, particularly those in hard-to-reach areas.</div></div><div><h3>Approaches and future strategies</h3><div>Targeted approaches, such as Supplemental Immunization Activities (SIAs) and the use of innovative vaccine delivery technologies, like Microarray Patches (MAPs), show promise in reducing access barriers. Additionally, policies rooted in inclusivity that foster community engagement, health literacy, and infrastructure development are essential for increasing measles vaccination rates.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Achieving global measles control requires a commitment to a multifaceted strategy that combines equitable policy, innovative technologies, and strengthened healthcare systems to ensure no one is left behind in the fight against measles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37707,"journal":{"name":"Ethics, Medicine and Public Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101047"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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