Agonum tulliae sp. n. is described from the Sila Massif upland in Calabria, Italy. This species is similar to Agonum ( Olisares ) sexpunctatum (Linne, 1758) as far as the external morphology is concerned, but it is easy to distinguish by the colour pattern, the shape of pronotum, and at best by the morphology of male genitalia. The study includes some remarks about the habitat and ecology of the new species. It lives only in the eastern part of the Sila massif and occupies the southernmost part of the distribution area of the Agonum sexpunctatum (Linne, 1758) complex in Italy.
{"title":"Agonum tulliae sp. n. from the Sila National Park (Calabria, southern Italy) (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Platynini)","authors":"A. Mazzei, P. Brandmayr","doi":"10.4081/JEAR.2017.6677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JEAR.2017.6677","url":null,"abstract":"Agonum tulliae sp. n. is described from the Sila Massif upland in Calabria, Italy. This species is similar to Agonum ( Olisares ) sexpunctatum (Linne, 1758) as far as the external morphology is concerned, but it is easy to distinguish by the colour pattern, the shape of pronotum, and at best by the morphology of male genitalia. The study includes some remarks about the habitat and ecology of the new species. It lives only in the eastern part of the Sila massif and occupies the southernmost part of the distribution area of the Agonum sexpunctatum (Linne, 1758) complex in Italy.","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":"49 1","pages":"48-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4081/JEAR.2017.6677","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42757750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The basic mechanism by which the antennal flagellum is subdivided into flagellomeres is probably the same in all insects, irrespective of whether the process occurs in the embryo, in the eye/antenna imaginal disc, or through a series of post-embryonic increments punctuated by moults. The ultimate origin of (all?) flagellomeres is the first antennomere following the pedicel, from which split off in apical direction new primary flagellomeres, each of which is eventually the source of secondary flagellomeres, according to specific spatial and temporal patterns subject to heterochrony. Only a detailed knowledge of the underlying segmentation processes could provide the ultimate background for determining positional homology between flagellomeres of two antennae with different number of antennomeres. The antennae of the Heteroptera are likely re-segmented, as their second antennomere seems to include a flagellar component. The larval antennae of the holometabolans are temporal serial homologues of those of the adult, but their segmental composition is problematic. Significant progress will be done by understanding what differentiates antennomeres that divide, either embryonically or post-embryonically, from those that do not; and by discovering whether the spatial and temporal pattern of division along the flagellum depends on local cues, or on signals travelling along the whole proximo-distal axis of the appendage.
{"title":"The insect antenna: segmentation, patterning and positional homology","authors":"A. Minelli","doi":"10.4081/JEAR.2017.6680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JEAR.2017.6680","url":null,"abstract":"The basic mechanism by which the antennal flagellum is subdivided into flagellomeres is probably the same in all insects, irrespective of whether the process occurs in the embryo, in the eye/antenna imaginal disc, or through a series of post-embryonic increments punctuated by moults. The ultimate origin of (all?) flagellomeres is the first antennomere following the pedicel, from which split off in apical direction new primary flagellomeres, each of which is eventually the source of secondary flagellomeres, according to specific spatial and temporal patterns subject to heterochrony. Only a detailed knowledge of the underlying segmentation processes could provide the ultimate background for determining positional homology between flagellomeres of two antennae with different number of antennomeres. The antennae of the Heteroptera are likely re-segmented, as their second antennomere seems to include a flagellar component. The larval antennae of the holometabolans are temporal serial homologues of those of the adult, but their segmental composition is problematic. Significant progress will be done by understanding what differentiates antennomeres that divide, either embryonically or post-embryonically, from those that do not; and by discovering whether the spatial and temporal pattern of division along the flagellum depends on local cues, or on signals travelling along the whole proximo-distal axis of the appendage.","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":"49 1","pages":"59-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4081/JEAR.2017.6680","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45657344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mulberry is a silkworm food plant ( Bombyxmori . L) that is seriously affected by many insect pests. The incidence of Diaphania pulverulentalis (Hampson), Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green), Paracoccus marginatus (Williams and Granara de Willink), Aleurodiscus dispersus (Russels) and Pseudodendrothrips mori (Niwa) and their natural enemies, viz . coccinellids and spiders (/100 plants), were observed through survey and surveillance for 3 months. In February 2013, the incidence of insect pests in Vaikkalpattarai and Reddipudur villages (India) was: D. pulverulentalis, 1.20 and 0.85%; P. marginatus , 6.80 and 33.10%; P. mori 42.98 and 45.50%, respectively. Further, the infestation of M . hirsutus (1.40%) and A. dispersus (59.72%) was also observed in February at Vaikkalpattarai. The population of coccinellids was high in December (1.02 and 0.84/100 plants), but the spider population was even higher in February and January (1.04 and 1.81/100 plants). Population of pests had a significant positive correlation with relative humidity. The population of coccinellids and spiders have positive correlation with temperature and mulberry pests infestation. The natural enemies observed in the study were mostly the ladybird beetles, Psyllobora bisoctonotata and unidentified species of spiders.
桑椹是一种蚕食植物，受到多种害虫的严重影响。研究了粉蚧（Hampson）、多毛Maconellicoccus（Green）、边缘副球菌（Williams和Granara de Willink）、分散Aleurodicus（Russels）和森假树蓟马（Niwa）及其天敌的发病率。通过3个月的调查和监测。2013年2月，Vaikkalpatarai和Reddipudur村（印度）的虫害发生率分别为：D.pulverulentalis，1.20%和0.85%；边缘P.marginatus分别为6.80%和33.10%；分别为42.98%和45.50%。此外。2月份在Vaikkalpatarai也观察到了多毛类（1.40%）和分散A.dispersus（59.72%）。12月的球虫数量很高（1.02株和0.84/100株），但2月和1月的蜘蛛数量甚至更高（1.04株和1.81/100株）。害虫种群与相对湿度呈正相关。球虫和蜘蛛的数量与温度和桑树虫害呈正相关。研究中观察到的天敌主要是瓢虫、Psyllobora bisoctonotata和不明物种的蜘蛛。
{"title":"Spatial variation of important mulberry pests and their natural enemies","authors":"A. Mohan, J. Ravikumar, D. Senthilkumar","doi":"10.4081/JEAR.2017.5942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JEAR.2017.5942","url":null,"abstract":"Mulberry is a silkworm food plant ( Bombyxmori . L) that is seriously affected by many insect pests. The incidence of Diaphania pulverulentalis (Hampson), Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green), Paracoccus marginatus (Williams and Granara de Willink), Aleurodiscus dispersus (Russels) and Pseudodendrothrips mori (Niwa) and their natural enemies, viz . coccinellids and spiders (/100 plants), were observed through survey and surveillance for 3 months. In February 2013, the incidence of insect pests in Vaikkalpattarai and Reddipudur villages (India) was: D. pulverulentalis, 1.20 and 0.85%; P. marginatus , 6.80 and 33.10%; P. mori 42.98 and 45.50%, respectively. Further, the infestation of M . hirsutus (1.40%) and A. dispersus (59.72%) was also observed in February at Vaikkalpattarai. The population of coccinellids was high in December (1.02 and 0.84/100 plants), but the spider population was even higher in February and January (1.04 and 1.81/100 plants). Population of pests had a significant positive correlation with relative humidity. The population of coccinellids and spiders have positive correlation with temperature and mulberry pests infestation. The natural enemies observed in the study were mostly the ladybird beetles, Psyllobora bisoctonotata and unidentified species of spiders.","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4081/JEAR.2017.5942","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42133589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Species of the genus Chirothrips Haliday live on various species of grasses (family Poaceae). In this research, Chirothrips hamatus Trybom is reported for the first time in Iran as the seventh species recorded in this country for the genus so far. Most specimens of C. hamatus were collected on Phragmites sp. in Khuzestan Province (Iran). As for Chirothrips atricorpus Girault that has been previously reported in Iran, the second antennal segment in C. hamatus is symmetrical. The morphological differences of these two species are discussed and illustrated herein.
{"title":"The first record of grass-living thrips, Chirothrips hamatus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Iran","authors":"S. Mombeini, L. Ramezani, K. Minaei","doi":"10.4081/JEAR.2017.6476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JEAR.2017.6476","url":null,"abstract":"Species of the genus Chirothrips Haliday live on various species of grasses (family Poaceae). In this research, Chirothrips hamatus Trybom is reported for the first time in Iran as the seventh species recorded in this country for the genus so far. Most specimens of C. hamatus were collected on Phragmites sp. in Khuzestan Province (Iran). As for Chirothrips atricorpus Girault that has been previously reported in Iran, the second antennal segment in C. hamatus is symmetrical. The morphological differences of these two species are discussed and illustrated herein.","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4081/JEAR.2017.6476","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45180262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to examine the effect of weather factors, temperature (T), relative humidity (RH) and wind velocity (WV) on the abundance of Cx . ( Cux .) pipiens L. and Cx . ( Cux .) quinquefasciatus . Say, the two common and important mosquito species in the western coast of Saudi Arabia. The two species had the same ranges of T (15.00-30.00°C), RH (8.00-72.00%) and WV (0.10- 8.06 Km/h). Cx. quinquefasciatus had insignificantly (P˃0.05) lower means of the three factors than those of Cx. pipiens. Regression analysis indicated that abundance of Cx. pipiens and Cx . quinquefasciatus negatively related to T (regression coefficient, b=-0.06 and -0.01 for the two species, respectively) and WV (b=-0.40 and -0.16 for the two species, respectively) and positively related to RH (b=0.05 for both species). Such factors accounted for 81% and 76% of the variance in abundance of Cx. pipiens and Cx. quinquefasciatus , respectively while the remaining parts (19% and 24% for the two species, respectively) may be attributed to other factors mainly rainfall.
{"title":"Influence of climatic factors on the abundance of Culex pipiens and Cx. quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) adults in the Western Coast of Saudi Arabia","authors":"M. Hassan, M. Kenawy, H. Ashry, M. Shobrak","doi":"10.4081/JEAR.2017.6442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JEAR.2017.6442","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to examine the effect of weather factors, temperature (T), relative humidity (RH) and wind velocity (WV) on the abundance of Cx . ( Cux .) pipiens L. and Cx . ( Cux .) quinquefasciatus . Say, the two common and important mosquito species in the western coast of Saudi Arabia. The two species had the same ranges of T (15.00-30.00°C), RH (8.00-72.00%) and WV (0.10- 8.06 Km/h). Cx. quinquefasciatus had insignificantly (P˃0.05) lower means of the three factors than those of Cx. pipiens. Regression analysis indicated that abundance of Cx. pipiens and Cx . quinquefasciatus negatively related to T (regression coefficient, b=-0.06 and -0.01 for the two species, respectively) and WV (b=-0.40 and -0.16 for the two species, respectively) and positively related to RH (b=0.05 for both species). Such factors accounted for 81% and 76% of the variance in abundance of Cx. pipiens and Cx. quinquefasciatus , respectively while the remaining parts (19% and 24% for the two species, respectively) may be attributed to other factors mainly rainfall.","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4081/JEAR.2017.6442","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43954119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stal) is a pest of numerous annual and perennial crops. Additional distribution records for H. halys are provided from northern Italy where rice is cultivated, and the presence of adults feeding on panicles gives the first evidence of an association between this pest and rice ( Oryza sativ a L.), a crop not previously recorded as a host plant.
褐纹臭虫，Halyomorpha halys (Stal)是许多一年生和多年生作物的害虫。意大利北部种植水稻的地区提供了halys的其他分布记录，并且成虫以稻穗为食的存在首次证明了这种害虫与水稻(Oryza sativ a L.)之间的联系，而水稻此前并未被记录为寄主植物。
{"title":"First evidence of Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera Heteroptera, Pentatomidae) feeding on rice (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"D. Lupi, P. Dioli, L. Limonta","doi":"10.4081/JEAR.2017.6679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JEAR.2017.6679","url":null,"abstract":"The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stal) is a pest of numerous annual and perennial crops. Additional distribution records for H. halys are provided from northern Italy where rice is cultivated, and the presence of adults feeding on panicles gives the first evidence of an association between this pest and rice ( Oryza sativ a L.), a crop not previously recorded as a host plant.","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":"49 1","pages":"67-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4081/JEAR.2017.6679","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46579609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sohail Ahmed, B. Hassan, M. Yaqoob, M. S. Nisar, A. Rashid
The present studies aimed at finding the best concentration of chlorpyrifos and fipronil following mixing with the same and different soil depths in laboratory and field trials. Barrier efficacy of these insecticides was measured by determining wood weight loss kept as bait on the treated soils in the field experiment and length of galleries in the laboratory experiments. Results showed that termites were able to penetrate galleries treated with both insecticides at variable distances. Length of gallery and repellence was concentration dependent. Five percent concentration of both insecticides at 45 cm was the best treatment in comparison with other combination of concentration and soil depths. Maximum gallery length and repellence was observed after the application of chlorpyrifos in comparison with fipronil. Fipronil applied at different concentrations following mixing with the same and with different soil depths was the best treatment as a standard pre-construction step.
{"title":"Efficacy of chlorpyrifos and fipronil in relation to soil depths against subterranean termites","authors":"Sohail Ahmed, B. Hassan, M. Yaqoob, M. S. Nisar, A. Rashid","doi":"10.4081/JEAR.2017.6386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JEAR.2017.6386","url":null,"abstract":"The present studies aimed at finding the best concentration of chlorpyrifos and fipronil following mixing with the same and different soil depths in laboratory and field trials. Barrier efficacy of these insecticides was measured by determining wood weight loss kept as bait on the treated soils in the field experiment and length of galleries in the laboratory experiments. Results showed that termites were able to penetrate galleries treated with both insecticides at variable distances. Length of gallery and repellence was concentration dependent. Five percent concentration of both insecticides at 45 cm was the best treatment in comparison with other combination of concentration and soil depths. Maximum gallery length and repellence was observed after the application of chlorpyrifos in comparison with fipronil. Fipronil applied at different concentrations following mixing with the same and with different soil depths was the best treatment as a standard pre-construction step.","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4081/JEAR.2017.6386","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46661664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Shanmugapriya, A. Nareshkumar, K. Meenambigai, R. Kokila, A. Shebriya, K. Chandhirasekar, A. T. Manikandan, C. Munusamy
Mangifera indica is an important commercial fruit of India and primary food source for the mango leafhopper, Amritodus brevistylus further leading to the development of its associated fungus, Aspergillus niger . The present study was done to assess the antifungal and insecticidal activity of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles using peel extracts of Raphanus sativus (Brassicaceae). Raphanus sativus peel extract is effective in extracellular reduction of Ag ions and capping the synthesized nanoparticles avoiding further agglomeration. The synthesized AgNPs are characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray analysis. Biologically synthesized AgNPs exhibited significant toxicity (LC50 − 7.61 ppm/48h) over mango leafhopper, Amritodus brevistylus . Silver nanoparticles synthesized using Raphanus sativus is also effective against the fungal pathogen, Aspergillus niger (developed on the infestations of mango leafhopper, Amritodus brevistylus ) showing very strong inhibitory zone (80 mm).
{"title":"Antifungal and insecticidal activities of Raphanus sativus mediated AgNPs against mango leafhopper, Amritodus brevistylus and its associated fungus, Aspergillus niger","authors":"R. Shanmugapriya, A. Nareshkumar, K. Meenambigai, R. Kokila, A. Shebriya, K. Chandhirasekar, A. T. Manikandan, C. Munusamy","doi":"10.4081/JEAR.2017.5953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JEAR.2017.5953","url":null,"abstract":"Mangifera indica is an important commercial fruit of India and primary food source for the mango leafhopper, Amritodus brevistylus further leading to the development of its associated fungus, Aspergillus niger . The present study was done to assess the antifungal and insecticidal activity of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles using peel extracts of Raphanus sativus (Brassicaceae). Raphanus sativus peel extract is effective in extracellular reduction of Ag ions and capping the synthesized nanoparticles avoiding further agglomeration. The synthesized AgNPs are characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray analysis. Biologically synthesized AgNPs exhibited significant toxicity (LC50 − 7.61 ppm/48h) over mango leafhopper, Amritodus brevistylus . Silver nanoparticles synthesized using Raphanus sativus is also effective against the fungal pathogen, Aspergillus niger (developed on the infestations of mango leafhopper, Amritodus brevistylus ) showing very strong inhibitory zone (80 mm).","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4081/JEAR.2017.5953","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45351258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Four new species belonging to the genus Chaetocladius , known to occur in Italy, are here described as adult males: C. aedeagovirgatus sp. nov., C. subalpinus sp. nov., C. ticinoi sp. nov., and C. valdostanus sp. nov. C. aedeagolobatus is characterized by a robust aedeagal lobe, C. subalpinus and C. valdostanus by a characteristic inferior volsella , C . ticinoi by a tubercle on the basis of gonostylus. Geographical distribution of the other species known to occur in Italy is given. A key to adult males is presented.
{"title":"Revision of the genus Chaetocladius Kieffer (Diptera, Chironomidae), 1st note: description of four new species from Italy","authors":"B. Rossaro, M. Montagna, G. Magoga","doi":"10.4081/JEAR.2017.6658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JEAR.2017.6658","url":null,"abstract":"Four new species belonging to the genus Chaetocladius , known to occur in Italy, are here described as adult males: C. aedeagovirgatus sp. nov., C. subalpinus sp. nov., C. ticinoi sp. nov., and C. valdostanus sp. nov. C. aedeagolobatus is characterized by a robust aedeagal lobe, C. subalpinus and C. valdostanus by a characteristic inferior volsella , C . ticinoi by a tubercle on the basis of gonostylus. Geographical distribution of the other species known to occur in Italy is given. A key to adult males is presented.","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4081/JEAR.2017.6658","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48937693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chandrakant P. Narkhede, C. Patil, R. Suryawanshi, Sunil H. Koli, B. V. Mohite, S. Patil
For effective vector control it is essential to formulate new preparations having multiple action against the vector pest. Developing combined formulation of biopesticide and chemical pesticide is one of the novel concept to fight against the vectors with new weapons; however, compatibility of biopesticide i.e . Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and chemical pesticide is a real hurdle. In this investigation, local isolate Bacillus thuringiensis SV2 (BtSV2) was tested for its compatibility with various available mosquito larvicides. Temephos was most compatible with BtSV2 than with other tested pesticides. These two compatible agents were tested for larvicidal potential. Our study revealed that the synergistic effect of both agents reduces LC50 value by 30.68 and 22.36% against the Ae . aegypti and An . stephensi , respectively. The larvicidal potential increased when compared to individual pesticides. It was also observed a biochemical change in larvae after the TBT (Temephos + Bacillus thuringiensis) combination treatment; it involves decreased level of alpha esterase, acetylcholine esterase and protein while level of beta esterase and acid phosphatase was unchanged and alkaline phosphatase activity was increased. Increased potential of combined formulation may be due to altered physiological condition.
{"title":"Synergistic effect of certain insecticides combined with Bacillus thuringiensis on mosquito larvae","authors":"Chandrakant P. Narkhede, C. Patil, R. Suryawanshi, Sunil H. Koli, B. V. Mohite, S. Patil","doi":"10.4081/JEAR.2017.6265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JEAR.2017.6265","url":null,"abstract":"For effective vector control it is essential to formulate new preparations having multiple action against the vector pest. Developing combined formulation of biopesticide and chemical pesticide is one of the novel concept to fight against the vectors with new weapons; however, compatibility of biopesticide i.e . Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and chemical pesticide is a real hurdle. In this investigation, local isolate Bacillus thuringiensis SV2 (BtSV2) was tested for its compatibility with various available mosquito larvicides. Temephos was most compatible with BtSV2 than with other tested pesticides. These two compatible agents were tested for larvicidal potential. Our study revealed that the synergistic effect of both agents reduces LC50 value by 30.68 and 22.36% against the Ae . aegypti and An . stephensi , respectively. The larvicidal potential increased when compared to individual pesticides. It was also observed a biochemical change in larvae after the TBT (Temephos + Bacillus thuringiensis) combination treatment; it involves decreased level of alpha esterase, acetylcholine esterase and protein while level of beta esterase and acid phosphatase was unchanged and alkaline phosphatase activity was increased. Increased potential of combined formulation may be due to altered physiological condition.","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4081/JEAR.2017.6265","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43247153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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