Mohsen Mojahed, Amir Sabbagh Molahossein, Azadeh Alsadat Emrani Zarandi
: The 4-moduli set residue number system (RNS), {2 𝑛 + 3,2 𝑛 − 3,2 𝑛 + 1, 2 𝑛 − 1} , with a wide dynamic range, has recently been proposed as a balanced 4-moduli set for utilizing the cases that demand fast calculations such as deep learning and implementation of asymmetric cryptographic algorithms. Up to now, only an unsigned reverse converter has been designed for this moduli set. Thus, there is a need for two separate units, a sign detection circuit, and a comparator to use this set in cases requiring sign and comparison. Nevertheless, the existence of these components demands high hardware that makes the implementation of the RNS impractical. Therefore, this paper presents the design of a sign detection circuit and a signed reverse converter that can overcome this problem by reusing the hardware. To achieve an integrated hardware design, first, we optimized the previous unsigned reverse converter for this 4-moduli set and next, we derived an approach from the structure of the reverse convertor for detecting signs and recognizing comparators. Finally, using the sign signals extracted from the reverse converter, we change reverse convertor into a unit that perform sign detection and comparison. The simulation has been conducted using ISE Design Suite 14.7 tool and the Spartan6 family technology. Empirical results show that, the proposed multifunctional unit has an approximately identical performance with respect to delay and area compared to the previous reverse converter. Besides, the proposed signed reverse converter relies on a 46% and 28% reduction in area and delay compared to the previous unsigned reverse converter which uses a comparator and also a multiplexer to detect a sign in the output.
4模集剩数系统(RNS){2𝑛+ 3,2𝑛−3,2𝑛+ 1,2𝑛−1}，具有广泛的动态范围，最近被提出作为一个平衡的4模集，用于利用需要快速计算的情况，如深度学习和非对称密码算法的实现。到目前为止，针对这个模集只设计了一个无符号反向转换器。因此，需要两个独立的单元，一个符号检测电路和一个比较器，以便在需要符号和比较的情况下使用该集合。然而，这些组件的存在对硬件的要求很高，这使得RNS的实现不切实际。因此，本文设计了一种符号检测电路和一种符号反向转换器，通过硬件的复用来克服这一问题。为了实现集成硬件设计，首先，我们针对这个4模集优化了之前的无符号反向转换器，然后，我们从反向转换器的结构中推导出一种检测符号和识别比较器的方法。最后，利用从反向变换器中提取的符号信号，将反向变换器改造成一个进行符号检测和比较的单元。仿真使用ISE Design Suite 14.7工具和Spartan6系列技术进行。实验结果表明，与之前的反向变换器相比，所提出的多功能单元在延迟和面积方面具有大致相同的性能。此外，与之前使用比较器和多路复用器检测输出中的符号的无符号反向转换器相比，所提出的有符号反向转换器依赖于46%和28%的面积和延迟减少。
{"title":"Magnitude Comparison and Sign Detection based on the 4-Moduli Set {2n+1, 2n−1, 2n+3, 2n−3}","authors":"Mohsen Mojahed, Amir Sabbagh Molahossein, Azadeh Alsadat Emrani Zarandi","doi":"10.52547/mjee.15.3.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/mjee.15.3.93","url":null,"abstract":": The 4-moduli set residue number system (RNS), {2 𝑛 + 3,2 𝑛 − 3,2 𝑛 + 1, 2 𝑛 − 1} , with a wide dynamic range, has recently been proposed as a balanced 4-moduli set for utilizing the cases that demand fast calculations such as deep learning and implementation of asymmetric cryptographic algorithms. Up to now, only an unsigned reverse converter has been designed for this moduli set. Thus, there is a need for two separate units, a sign detection circuit, and a comparator to use this set in cases requiring sign and comparison. Nevertheless, the existence of these components demands high hardware that makes the implementation of the RNS impractical. Therefore, this paper presents the design of a sign detection circuit and a signed reverse converter that can overcome this problem by reusing the hardware. To achieve an integrated hardware design, first, we optimized the previous unsigned reverse converter for this 4-moduli set and next, we derived an approach from the structure of the reverse convertor for detecting signs and recognizing comparators. Finally, using the sign signals extracted from the reverse converter, we change reverse convertor into a unit that perform sign detection and comparison. The simulation has been conducted using ISE Design Suite 14.7 tool and the Spartan6 family technology. Empirical results show that, the proposed multifunctional unit has an approximately identical performance with respect to delay and area compared to the previous reverse converter. Besides, the proposed signed reverse converter relies on a 46% and 28% reduction in area and delay compared to the previous unsigned reverse converter which uses a comparator and also a multiplexer to detect a sign in the output.","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47040618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Palestine has a large number of remote small communities with no electricity services and the probability of connecting them with local grid in the near future is very poor, because of political and financial issues. This paper will illustrate the techno- economic impact of electrification small communities using micro-grid photovoltaic systems, and also the CO2 emission that will be reduced in comparative of using diesel generator which pollutes the environment. The implementation of two micro-grid PV-systems for electrification of two communities in Palestine will cover the electricity needs of households and street lighting, and can replace candles, kerosene and traditional unsustainable biomass
{"title":"Techno-Economic Impact of Electrification Rural Areas in Palestine using Micro-Grid Solar Energy “Al-Mkahel and Saeed Villages – Case Study”","authors":"I. Ibrik, Fida Salameh","doi":"10.52547/mjee.15.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/mjee.15.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"Palestine has a large number of remote small communities with no electricity services and the probability of connecting them with local grid in the near future is very poor, because of political and financial issues. This paper will illustrate the techno- economic impact of electrification small communities using micro-grid photovoltaic systems, and also the CO2 emission that will be reduced in comparative of using diesel generator which pollutes the environment. The implementation of two micro-grid PV-systems for electrification of two communities in Palestine will cover the electricity needs of households and street lighting, and can replace candles, kerosene and traditional unsustainable biomass","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47766734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to the increasing number of cores in a chip, electronic networks on chip cannot be an effective solution for using multi-core processors. The use of optical connection technology for networks on 3D chip is an ideal choice recommended in response to delay and reliability. In optical network architecture on 3D chip, 7-port routers are used to data transfer. The structure of the optical routers in the network on the 3D optical chip affects the Performance transmission of the entire network so that the provision of optical router with minimal loss and power consumption is considered by researchers in this domain. In this study, a seven-port Non-blocking optical router based on the Mach Zehnder interferometer optical switch in the network on a 3-D optical chip is presented. This router consists of 18 Mach Zehnder interferometer optical switches that can transfer multiple wavelengths concurrently. To evaluate the proposed 7-port router in the network on the 3D optical chip, the parameters of insertion loss, bandwidth density and power consumption are considered and the simulation results represent that this router decreases the loss as much as possible and improves the use of the wavelength channel comparing to available router and has the ability to transfer 4 wavelengths simultaneously with a wavelength range of 1525-1565 nm and a data transfer rate of 20Gbps for all 42 optical links. So it is useable for optical connection on the chip.
{"title":"Non-Blocking and Multi Wavelength Optical Router Design based on Mach-zehnder Interferometer in 3-D Optical Network on Chip","authors":"Sanaz Asadinia, Mahdi Meheabi, E. Yaghoubi","doi":"10.52547/mjee.15.2.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/mjee.15.2.73","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the increasing number of cores in a chip, electronic networks on chip cannot be an effective solution for using multi-core processors. The use of optical connection technology for networks on 3D chip is an ideal choice recommended in response to delay and reliability. In optical network architecture on 3D chip, 7-port routers are used to data transfer. The structure of the optical routers in the network on the 3D optical chip affects the Performance transmission of the entire network so that the provision of optical router with minimal loss and power consumption is considered by researchers in this domain. In this study, a seven-port Non-blocking optical router based on the Mach Zehnder interferometer optical switch in the network on a 3-D optical chip is presented. This router consists of 18 Mach Zehnder interferometer optical switches that can transfer multiple wavelengths concurrently. To evaluate the proposed 7-port router in the network on the 3D optical chip, the parameters of insertion loss, bandwidth density and power consumption are considered and the simulation results represent that this router decreases the loss as much as possible and improves the use of the wavelength channel comparing to available router and has the ability to transfer 4 wavelengths simultaneously with a wavelength range of 1525-1565 nm and a data transfer rate of 20Gbps for all 42 optical links. So it is useable for optical connection on the chip.","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46722123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muddasir Naeem, Rabiya Munawar, M. Hussain, T. Imran, A. Bhatti
Blumlein discharge circuit stores electrical energy in its transmission line and canreleasethisenergy within a few nanoseconds. This leads the Blumlein to discharge circuit for many applications ranging from electrical discharge in the air to generate nitrogen laser, excitation source for vaporlasers to sub-nanosecond avalanche drivers.In this letter, we have simulated the equivalent Blumlein discharge circuitin Multisimulation and compared the results with the analytical modelto have the insight ofvariations of voltage, current and power in the Blumlein circuit. The Blumlein circuit isdivided into spark gap (spark gap)and Blumlein transmission linesections to observe the voltage, current and power oscillations.The rapid oscillations of voltage across the spark gap initiatethe discharge in the long transmission lines of Blumlein thatgenerates the coherent UV pulses.This study could pave the way towards the generation of ultraviolet (UV) pulses in the air at the atmospheric pressure.
{"title":"Simulation and Analytical Analysis of the Blumlein Discharge Circuit for the Generation of Coherent UV Pulses in Air","authors":"Muddasir Naeem, Rabiya Munawar, M. Hussain, T. Imran, A. Bhatti","doi":"10.52547/mjee.15.2.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/mjee.15.2.65","url":null,"abstract":"Blumlein discharge circuit stores electrical energy in its transmission line and canreleasethisenergy within a few nanoseconds. This leads the Blumlein to discharge circuit for many applications ranging from electrical discharge in the air to generate nitrogen laser, excitation source for vaporlasers to sub-nanosecond avalanche drivers.In this letter, we have simulated the equivalent Blumlein discharge circuitin Multisimulation and compared the results with the analytical modelto have the insight ofvariations of voltage, current and power in the Blumlein circuit. The Blumlein circuit isdivided into spark gap (spark gap)and Blumlein transmission linesections to observe the voltage, current and power oscillations.The rapid oscillations of voltage across the spark gap initiatethe discharge in the long transmission lines of Blumlein thatgenerates the coherent UV pulses.This study could pave the way towards the generation of ultraviolet (UV) pulses in the air at the atmospheric pressure.","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43184091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maryam Samadpour Hendevari, A. Pourziad, S. Nikmehr
In this paper, electromagnetic (EM) scatterings from electrically large Perfect Electric Conductor (PEC) and Perfect Magnetic Conductor (PMC) targets coated with Uniaxial Electric Anisotropic Medium (UEAM) layer are evaluated and compared. The effect of the coating layer’s parameters including eu, evand the thickness (d) are studied. It is shown that radar cross section (RCS) of a PMC with UEAM coating is less than that of PEC with the same coating. In some cases, about 20 dB reduction in RCS hasbeen obtained for UEAM coated PMC plate
{"title":"Comparison of Scattering from Electrically Large PEC and PMC Targets Coated with Uniaxial Dielectric Medium based on Asymptotic Solution in Spectral Domain","authors":"Maryam Samadpour Hendevari, A. Pourziad, S. Nikmehr","doi":"10.52547/mjee.15.2.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/mjee.15.2.47","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, electromagnetic (EM) scatterings from electrically large Perfect Electric Conductor (PEC) and Perfect Magnetic Conductor (PMC) targets coated with Uniaxial Electric Anisotropic Medium (UEAM) layer are evaluated and compared. The effect of the coating layer’s parameters including eu, evand the thickness (d) are studied. It is shown that radar cross section (RCS) of a PMC with UEAM coating is less than that of PEC with the same coating. In some cases, about 20 dB reduction in RCS hasbeen obtained for UEAM coated PMC plate","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45047136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, a Zero-Voltage Transition (ZVT) non-isolated high step-up multi-input DC-DC converters is proposed which employs anauxiliary cell and diode-capacitor multiplier. The auxiliary cell has only one switch and is suitable for high step converters with diode-capacitor multiplier. In the proposed converter, all semiconductor devices operate under fully soft switching condition. The main switches turn on and turn off under Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) condition whereas the auxiliary switch turns on under Zero Current Switching (ZCS) condition and turns off under zero Voltage and Zero Current Switching (ZVZCS) condition. Also, ZCS condition at turn-off is provided for all diodesto eliminate reverse recovery issue.The structure of the proposed converter includestwo boost cells, one diode-capacitor multiplier cell, and one ZVT auxiliary circuit. Soft switching conditions for all main switches are provided by only one auxiliary circuit.The proposed converter has high step-up conversion gain without any coupledinductor. Soft switching conditions, continuous current of input sources, high efficiency,expansion capability of input sources,returning the energy of the auxiliary circuit to the diode-capacitor multiplier and low-voltage stress on switches are the main advantages of the proposed converter. The steady-state analysis of the converter and operation modes are discussed. A 160-W prototype of the proposed converter is designed and implemented.Experimental results confirmthatthe theoretical and the efficiency of the proposed converter reaches 96.4% at the nominal load
{"title":"A ZVT Auxiliary Circuit for High Step-Up Multi-Input Converters with Diode-Capacitor Multiplier","authors":"Sayed Hossein Mirlohi, M. Yazdani, M. Amini","doi":"10.52547/mjee.15.2.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/mjee.15.2.53","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a Zero-Voltage Transition (ZVT) non-isolated high step-up multi-input DC-DC converters is proposed which employs anauxiliary cell and diode-capacitor multiplier. The auxiliary cell has only one switch and is suitable for high step converters with diode-capacitor multiplier. In the proposed converter, all semiconductor devices operate under fully soft switching condition. The main switches turn on and turn off under Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) condition whereas the auxiliary switch turns on under Zero Current Switching (ZCS) condition and turns off under zero Voltage and Zero Current Switching (ZVZCS) condition. Also, ZCS condition at turn-off is provided for all diodesto eliminate reverse recovery issue.The structure of the proposed converter includestwo boost cells, one diode-capacitor multiplier cell, and one ZVT auxiliary circuit. Soft switching conditions for all main switches are provided by only one auxiliary circuit.The proposed converter has high step-up conversion gain without any coupledinductor. Soft switching conditions, continuous current of input sources, high efficiency,expansion capability of input sources,returning the energy of the auxiliary circuit to the diode-capacitor multiplier and low-voltage stress on switches are the main advantages of the proposed converter. The steady-state analysis of the converter and operation modes are discussed. A 160-W prototype of the proposed converter is designed and implemented.Experimental results confirmthatthe theoretical and the efficiency of the proposed converter reaches 96.4% at the nominal load","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41781635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using metamaterials on the top of the antenna’s accordance to magneto-dielectric superstrate and near zero refraction index theories causesimprovement of radiation efficiency and gain of antennas. In thisarticle, two novel metamaterial unit cells are proposed for gain and bandwidth improvement of Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna (CDRA). The first metamaterial unit cell is a negative magnetic structure including two rings implemented on both sides of RT/doroid 5880 substrate with dielectric constant of 2.2. Besides, the second metamaterial unit cell is a Double Negative Structure (DNG) realized consisting of two rings printed in one side and a thin wire in other side of RT/doroid 5880 substrate. Two77 arrays of proposed unit cells are considered and used as superstrate layers on the top of a CDRA. Also, the CDRA is made of RT/doroid 6010 material with dielectric constant of 10.2 working at the frequency of 10 GHz. Using proposed metamaterial structures as superstrate layers on the top of the CDRA causesgain and bandwidth improvement up to 3.3 dB and 4.8%,respectively. CDRA in the presence of proposed metamaterial superstrates are analyzed using a 3D full-wave simulator.
{"title":"Gain and Bandwidth Improvement of a Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna (CDRA) by Using of Metamaterial Structures","authors":"S. Miri, F. Mohajeri","doi":"10.52547/mjee.15.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/mjee.15.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Using metamaterials on the top of the antenna’s accordance to magneto-dielectric superstrate and near zero refraction index theories causesimprovement of radiation efficiency and gain of antennas. In thisarticle, two novel metamaterial unit cells are proposed for gain and bandwidth improvement of Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna (CDRA). The first metamaterial unit cell is a negative magnetic structure including two rings implemented on both sides of RT/doroid 5880 substrate with dielectric constant of 2.2. Besides, the second metamaterial unit cell is a Double Negative Structure (DNG) realized consisting of two rings printed in one side and a thin wire in other side of RT/doroid 5880 substrate. Two77 arrays of proposed unit cells are considered and used as superstrate layers on the top of a CDRA. Also, the CDRA is made of RT/doroid 6010 material with dielectric constant of 10.2 working at the frequency of 10 GHz. Using proposed metamaterial structures as superstrate layers on the top of the CDRA causesgain and bandwidth improvement up to 3.3 dB and 4.8%,respectively. CDRA in the presence of proposed metamaterial superstrates are analyzed using a 3D full-wave simulator.","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45654542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The micro-grid operator must provide the energy required by its customers at the lowest cost and consider issues such as greenhouse gas emissions and security. The operator is faced with a multi-objective optimization problem in which customer demand must be provided at the lowest cost and safely. This research provides a new energy management system for islanded micro-grids. The small size of the islanded micro-grids, the high level of intermittentoperationand the low inertia of distributed generation ofinverter energy production resources make the frequency and voltage security two vital factors in the energy management system, which must be managed alongside economic-environmental policies. In this study, two practical tools are provided to help with the optimal operation and increase the profitability of the micro-grid operator. The first tool is the optimal and managed use of the V2G mode of electric vehicles. In the proposed approach, not only the penetration of electric vehicles in the network is managed but also this equipment is used to solve some of the network's challenges. The second tool is responsive loads and demand response programs in order to achieve the goals of the micro-grid operator. Covering the uncertainty of renewable energy sourcesby responsive loads, and how to model a demand response program in a micro-grid, arefollowed in this study.The strategy pursued several goals, including reducing energy and load costs, reducing the cost of charging EVs, and improving network parameters and security, such as voltage and frequency.The results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach
{"title":"Random Modeling of Optimal Economic, Security and Environmental Operation of Micro-grid by Managing Responsive Loads and Charging and Discharging Electric Vehicles","authors":"Alireza Bakhshinejad, A. Tavakoli, M. Moghaddam","doi":"10.52547/mjee.15.2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/mjee.15.2.15","url":null,"abstract":"The micro-grid operator must provide the energy required by its customers at the lowest cost and consider issues such as greenhouse gas emissions and security. The operator is faced with a multi-objective optimization problem in which customer demand must be provided at the lowest cost and safely. This research provides a new energy management system for islanded micro-grids. The small size of the islanded micro-grids, the high level of intermittentoperationand the low inertia of distributed generation ofinverter energy production resources make the frequency and voltage security two vital factors in the energy management system, which must be managed alongside economic-environmental policies. In this study, two practical tools are provided to help with the optimal operation and increase the profitability of the micro-grid operator. The first tool is the optimal and managed use of the V2G mode of electric vehicles. In the proposed approach, not only the penetration of electric vehicles in the network is managed but also this equipment is used to solve some of the network's challenges. The second tool is responsive loads and demand response programs in order to achieve the goals of the micro-grid operator. Covering the uncertainty of renewable energy sourcesby responsive loads, and how to model a demand response program in a micro-grid, arefollowed in this study.The strategy pursued several goals, including reducing energy and load costs, reducing the cost of charging EVs, and improving network parameters and security, such as voltage and frequency.The results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46648109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the most important equipment in the power system is the Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) or synchronous generator excitation. The goal of the system is to maintain the terminal voltage of the synchronous generator in the desired level. AVR is inherently uncertain. Hence, the proposed controller should be able to handle the problem. In this paper, Fractional Order Fuzzy PID (FOFPID) controller has been employed to control the system. In order to enhance the performance of the controller, Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA) is used to tune the parameters of the controller. Unlike other methods, the gains of FOFPID controller are not constant and alter in different operating conditions. The robustness of the controller has been investigated and the comparative results show that the proposed controller has a better performance against other methods.Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR), Synchronous generator excitation, Fractional-order fuzzy PID (FOFPID) controller, Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA), Uncertainty
{"title":"Tuning of Novel Fractional Order Fuzzy PID Controller for Automatic Voltage Regulator using Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm","authors":"M. Khaniki, M. Hadi, M. Manthouri","doi":"10.52547/mjee.15.2.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/mjee.15.2.39","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important equipment in the power system is the Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) or synchronous generator excitation. The goal of the system is to maintain the terminal voltage of the synchronous generator in the desired level. AVR is inherently uncertain. Hence, the proposed controller should be able to handle the problem. In this paper, Fractional Order Fuzzy PID (FOFPID) controller has been employed to control the system. In order to enhance the performance of the controller, Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA) is used to tune the parameters of the controller. Unlike other methods, the gains of FOFPID controller are not constant and alter in different operating conditions. The robustness of the controller has been investigated and the comparative results show that the proposed controller has a better performance against other methods.Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR), Synchronous generator excitation, Fractional-order fuzzy PID (FOFPID) controller, Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA), Uncertainty","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47881879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are a special class of wireless ad-hoc networks where their performance is affected by different factors. Congestion is of paramount importance in WSNs. It badly affects channel quality, loss rate, link utilization, throughput, network life time, traffic flow, the number of retransmissions, energy, and delay. In this paper, congestion control schemes are classified as classic or soft computing-based schemes. The soft computing-based congestion control schemes are classified as fuzzy logic-based, game theory-based, swarm intelligence-based, learning automata-based, and neural network-based congestion control schemes. Thereafter, a comprehensive review of different soft computing-based congestion control schemes in wireless sensor networks is presented. Furthermore, these schemes are compared using different performance metrics. Finally, specific directives are used to design and develop novel soft computing-based congestion control schemes in wireless sensor networks.
{"title":"Soft Computing-Based Congestion Control Schemes in Wireless Sensor Networks: Research Issues and Challenges","authors":"S. S. S. Farahani","doi":"10.52547/MJEE.15.1.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/MJEE.15.1.39","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are a special class of wireless ad-hoc networks where their performance is affected by different factors. Congestion is of paramount importance in WSNs. It badly affects channel quality, loss rate, link utilization, throughput, network life time, traffic flow, the number of retransmissions, energy, and delay. In this paper, congestion control schemes are classified as classic or soft computing-based schemes. The soft computing-based congestion control schemes are classified as fuzzy logic-based, game theory-based, swarm intelligence-based, learning automata-based, and neural network-based congestion control schemes. Thereafter, a comprehensive review of different soft computing-based congestion control schemes in wireless sensor networks is presented. Furthermore, these schemes are compared using different performance metrics. Finally, specific directives are used to design and develop novel soft computing-based congestion control schemes in wireless sensor networks.","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47916564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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