This work presents and evaluates the integrating of decoupling networks in MRI systems at 7 Tesla magnetic field strength. The parasitic element is reactive loaded. Four different cases of reactive loads are considered: capacitive load, inductive load, open circuited, and short-circuited loads are considered. The idea behind this technique is to reduce or even eliminate the effect of mutual coupling between the RF coil elements in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)system. Two rectangular loops are used to compose a planar phased array. This structure is designed and optimized in CST at the Larmor frequency of 298.3 MHz corresponding to the 7 Tesla MRI system.
{"title":"Comprehensive Study on Decoupling Networks for 7 Tesla MRI based on Reactive Load Parasitic-Element","authors":"S. Salama, A. Abuelhaija, T. Baldawi, Samer Issa","doi":"10.29252/mjee.14.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/mjee.14.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents and evaluates the integrating of decoupling networks in MRI systems at 7 Tesla magnetic field strength. The parasitic element is reactive loaded. Four different cases of reactive loads are considered: capacitive load, inductive load, open circuited, and short-circuited loads are considered. The idea behind this technique is to reduce or even eliminate the effect of mutual coupling between the RF coil elements in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)system. Two rectangular loops are used to compose a planar phased array. This structure is designed and optimized in CST at the Larmor frequency of 298.3 MHz corresponding to the 7 Tesla MRI system.","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":"53-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48205650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this work is to meet the variations of the electrical energy needs by modifying the conventional topology of the conversion chain, at the same time to improve the operation of the photovoltaic system. This article focuses on improving the performance and efficiency of photovoltaic systems connected to the AC grid, through the use of advanced control algorithms (Sliding Mode control SMC and Fuzzy Logic Control FLC) for the control of DC/DC and DC/AC power conditioners. The control of the DC/DC converter allows the pursuit of the maximum power point MPPT of the photovoltaic generator with a view to a better utilization of the photovoltaic generator. The inverter control system is used to inject synchronized sinusoidal output current to the power grid and to improve the quality of energy injected into the grid. The original idea of this work based on the insertion of a DC/DC BOOST voltage regulator in the conversion chain (between the battery and the inverter) to adjust the voltage transfer of the DC bus. This technique allows the provision of AC voltage for the sufficiency of the energy required by the control according to the need of the load.
{"title":"Correction of the Photovoltaic System Control by the Addition of a Voltage Regulator in the Electrical Conversion Chain","authors":"Ali Ghelam, M. Boudiaf, Y. Derouiche","doi":"10.29252/mjee.14.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/mjee.14.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work is to meet the variations of the electrical energy needs by modifying the conventional topology of the conversion chain, at the same time to improve the operation of the photovoltaic system. This article focuses on improving the performance and efficiency of photovoltaic systems connected to the AC grid, through the use of advanced control algorithms (Sliding Mode control SMC and Fuzzy Logic Control FLC) for the control of DC/DC and DC/AC power conditioners. The control of the DC/DC converter allows the pursuit of the maximum power point MPPT of the photovoltaic generator with a view to a better utilization of the photovoltaic generator. \u0000The inverter control system is used to inject synchronized sinusoidal output current to the power grid and to improve the quality of energy injected into the grid. \u0000The original idea of this work based on the insertion of a DC/DC BOOST voltage regulator in the conversion chain (between the battery and the inverter) to adjust the voltage transfer of the DC bus. This technique allows the provision of AC voltage for the sufficiency of the energy required by the control according to the need of the load.","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":"45-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43375991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Riky Tri Yunardi, N. Dina, Eva Inaiyah Agustin, Aji Akbar Firdaus
Head movement utilizes gestures to aid people with disabilities so that they can have hands-free human-computer interaction. Currently, motion-based sensor is the most widely used approach to recognize of head gestures. Identification of head movement is important to control a robotic manipulator in an assisting device. However, the most effective methodologies to assess head angular movements are yet to be discovered. This paper combines two algorithms, the visual sensor and the gyro sensor, to identify head orientation movement with high precision. Head orientations were measured using data distribution and this was done with a meal-assistance robot manipulator used in a sitting position. Evaluation of the accuracy of the system shows that a visual sensor, a gyro sensor, and a combined sensor are 99.60%, 91.26%, and 99.85%, respectively. Therefore, we propose the application of position control of meal assistive robot based on user's head movement in a sitting position.
{"title":"Visual and Gyroscope Sensor for Head Movement Controller System on Meal-Assistance Application","authors":"Riky Tri Yunardi, N. Dina, Eva Inaiyah Agustin, Aji Akbar Firdaus","doi":"10.29252/mjee.14.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/mjee.14.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"Head movement utilizes gestures to aid people with disabilities so that they can have hands-free human-computer interaction. Currently, motion-based sensor is the most widely used approach to recognize of head gestures. Identification of head movement is important to control a robotic manipulator in an assisting device. However, the most effective methodologies to assess head angular movements are yet to be discovered. This paper combines two algorithms, the visual sensor and the gyro sensor, to identify head orientation movement with high precision. Head orientations were measured using data distribution and this was done with a meal-assistance robot manipulator used in a sitting position. Evaluation of the accuracy of the system shows that a visual sensor, a gyro sensor, and a combined sensor are 99.60%, 91.26%, and 99.85%, respectively. Therefore, we propose the application of position control of meal assistive robot based on user's head movement in a sitting position.","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":"39-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48339182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Todays, Wireless Body Sensor Networks (WBSNs) are used as a useful way in health monitoring. One of the most important problems regarding wireless body sensor network (WBSNs) is network lifetime. This factor mainly relies on the energy consumption of sensors. In fact, during capturing vital sign data and also communicating them to the coordinator the biosensors consume energy. In this article, we are interested to propose an energy efficient adaptive sampling (AS) rate specification algorithm to set the amount of sensed data. According to the National Early Warning Score (NEWS), the sensors gather data and detect emergency data. Two scenarios have been used; the first is utilizing context recognition to indicate the active and sleep sensors in different time slices and the second using watchdog sensors for checking patient situation in critical condition. Simulation results show the proposed method can save energy and increase network lifetime by up to 4 times more than the previous work. In addition, our methods allow on average 75% improvement in overhead data reduction while maintaining more than 90% data integrity.
{"title":"Self-Adaptive Sampling Rate to Improve Network Lifetime using Watchdog Sensor and Context Recognition in Wireless Body Sensor Networks","authors":"H. Mehdi, H. Zarrabi, A. K. Zadeh, A. Rahmani","doi":"10.29252/mjee.14.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/mjee.14.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Todays, Wireless Body Sensor Networks (WBSNs) are used as a useful way in health monitoring. One of the most important problems regarding wireless body sensor network (WBSNs) is network lifetime. This factor mainly relies on the energy consumption of sensors. In fact, during capturing vital sign data and also communicating them to the coordinator the biosensors consume energy. In this article, we are interested to propose an energy efficient adaptive sampling (AS) rate specification algorithm to set the amount of sensed data. According to the National Early Warning Score (NEWS), the sensors gather data and detect emergency data. Two scenarios have been used; the first is utilizing context recognition to indicate the active and sleep sensors in different time slices and the second using watchdog sensors for checking patient situation in critical condition. Simulation results show the proposed method can save energy and increase network lifetime by up to 4 times more than the previous work. In addition, our methods allow on average 75% improvement in overhead data reduction while maintaining more than 90% data integrity.","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":"11-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42580706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-21DOI: 10.14419/ijet.v7i3.3.14485
S. R.REDDY, P. V.PRASAD, G. N.SRINIVAS
This paper presents study of distribution static compensator (D-STATCOM) for compensation of neutral current, source&PCC current harmonic distortion, PCC voltage regulation and compensation of unbalanced current waveform for the three phase four wire nonlinear and unbalanced load medium voltage distribution system. The proposed control algorithm is developed based on synchronous reference frame theory with PI controller. The obtained reference current signal from control algorithm is compared in hysteresis band current controller for better switching of D-STATCOM. The performance of system without & with D-STATCOM is also analysed and compared. The proposed control method is implemented on 11/0.4kv medium voltage distribution system and it is provided effective compensation for reactive power and harmonic distortion mitigation. The simulation results are obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK.
{"title":"VSI Based DSTATCOM for Compensating Nonlinear and Unbalanced Loads","authors":"S. R.REDDY, P. V.PRASAD, G. N.SRINIVAS","doi":"10.14419/ijet.v7i3.3.14485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.3.14485","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents study of distribution static compensator (D-STATCOM) for compensation of neutral current, source&PCC current harmonic distortion, PCC voltage regulation and compensation of unbalanced current waveform for the three phase four wire nonlinear and unbalanced load medium voltage distribution system. The proposed control algorithm is developed based on synchronous reference frame theory with PI controller. The obtained reference current signal from control algorithm is compared in hysteresis band current controller for better switching of D-STATCOM. The performance of system without & with D-STATCOM is also analysed and compared. The proposed control method is implemented on 11/0.4kv medium voltage distribution system and it is provided effective compensation for reactive power and harmonic distortion mitigation. The simulation results are obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK. ","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.3.14485","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66957903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Uncontrolled energization of large power transformers may result in magnetizing inrush current of high amplitude and switching over-voltages. The most effective method for the limitation of the switching over-voltages is controlled switching since the magnitudes of the produced transients are strongly dependent on the closing instants of the switch. We introduce a harmonic index that it’s minimum value is corresponding to the best case switching time. Also, this paper presents an Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based approach to estimate the optimum switching instants for real time applications. In the proposed ANN, Levenberg–Marquardt second order method is used to train the multilayer perceptron. ANN training is performed based on equivalent circuit parameters of the network. Thus, trained ANN is applicable to every studied system. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed index and accuracy of the ANN-based approach, two case studies are presented and demonstrated.
{"title":"Artificial Neural Network Based Method to Mitigate Temporary Over-voltages","authors":"I. Sadeghkhani, A. Ketabi, R. Feuillet","doi":"10.25103/JESTR.042.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25103/JESTR.042.13","url":null,"abstract":"Uncontrolled energization of large power transformers may result in magnetizing inrush current of high amplitude and switching over-voltages. The most effective method for the limitation of the switching over-voltages is controlled switching since the magnitudes of the produced transients are strongly dependent on the closing instants of the switch. We introduce a harmonic index that it’s minimum value is corresponding to the best case switching time. Also, this paper presents an Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based approach to estimate the optimum switching instants for real time applications. In the proposed ANN, Levenberg–Marquardt second order method is used to train the multilayer perceptron. ANN training is performed based on equivalent circuit parameters of the network. Thus, trained ANN is applicable to every studied system. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed index and accuracy of the ANN-based approach, two case studies are presented and demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":"15-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74532922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a computational study on the dynamic of nitric oxide (NO) in both the biological and artificial environments, by means the analysis of important nitric oxide diffusion attributes, which are defined in this work. We apply the compartmental model of NO diffusion as a formal tool, using a computational neuroscience point of view. The main objective is the analyses of the emergence and dynamic of complex structures, essentially diffusion neighbourhood ( DNB), in environments with volume transmission (VT). The study is performed by the observation of the NO diffusion attributes, the NO directionality (NOD), the average influence (AI) and the center of DNB (CDNB). We present a study of the influences and dependences with respect to associated features to the NO synthesis-diffusion process, and to the different environments where it spreads (non-isotropy and non-homogeneity). The paper is structured into three sets of experiences which cover the aforementioned aspects: influence of the NO synthesis process, isolated and multiple processes, influence of distance to the element where NO is synthesized, and influence of features of the diffusion environment. The developments have been performed in mono bi-and three-dimensional environments, with endothelial cell features. The study contributes the needed formalism to management the dynamic of NO in artificial an biological environments also to quantify the information representation capacity that a type of NO diffusion-based signaling presents and their implications in many other underlying neural mechanisms, such as neural recruitment, synchronization of computations between neurons and in the brain activity in general. 一氧化氮擴散屬性生物和人工環境：計算研究 卡門拉巴斯蘇亞雷斯阿勞霍，巴勃羅·費爾南德斯·洛佩斯，帕特里西奧·加西亞·貝茲 摘要 本文對一氧化氮（NO）的生物和人造環境的動態的計算研究，由裝置的重要的一氧化氮擴散屬性，這是在此工作中定義的分析。 我們不應用擴散的房室模型作為一個正式的工具，使用視圖計算神經科學點。 其主要目的是在出現的分析和動態複雜的結構，基本上是擴散附近（DNB）與體積傳輸（VT）環境。 該研究是由NO擴散屬性，NO的方向性（NOD）的觀察進行的，平均影響（AI）和DNB（CDNB）的中心。 我們目前的影響和依賴關係的研究，相對於相關功能的NO合成擴散過程，並在那裡它傳播（非各向同性和非均勻性）在不同的環境。 本文的結構分為三組經驗涵蓋上述幾個方面：NO合成過程中的影響力，孤立和多進程，到NO合成元素距離的影響，擴散環境的特徵的影響。 的發展已經在單雙向和三維環境中被執行時，與內皮細胞的特徵。 該研究有助於所需的形式主義管理NO的動態人工的生物環境也量化信息的表示能力，一個類型沒有基於擴散信號禮物和許多其他潛在的神經機制影響，如神經招聘，同步 的神經元之間，並且在一般的大腦活動的計算。
{"title":"Nitric Oxide Diffusion Attributes in Biological And Artificial Environments: A Computational Study","authors":"C. P. S. Araujo, P. F. López, P. G. Báez","doi":"10.1234/MJEE.V5I1.403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1234/MJEE.V5I1.403","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a computational study on the dynamic of nitric oxide (NO) in both the biological and artificial environments, by means the analysis of important nitric oxide diffusion attributes, which are defined in this work. We apply the compartmental model of NO diffusion as a formal tool, using a computational neuroscience point of view. The main objective is the analyses of the emergence and dynamic of complex structures, essentially diffusion neighbourhood ( DNB), in environments with volume transmission (VT). The study is performed by the observation of the NO diffusion attributes, the NO directionality (NOD), the average influence (AI) and the center of DNB (CDNB). We present a study of the influences and dependences with respect to associated features to the NO synthesis-diffusion process, and to the different environments where it spreads (non-isotropy and non-homogeneity). The paper is structured into three sets of experiences which cover the aforementioned aspects: influence of the NO synthesis process, isolated and multiple processes, influence of distance to the element where NO is synthesized, and influence of features of the diffusion environment. The developments have been performed in mono bi-and three-dimensional environments, with endothelial cell features. The study contributes the needed formalism to management the dynamic of NO in artificial an biological environments also to quantify the information representation capacity that a type of NO diffusion-based signaling presents and their implications in many other underlying neural mechanisms, such as neural recruitment, synchronization of computations between neurons and in the brain activity in general. 一氧化氮擴散屬性生物和人工環境：計算研究 卡門拉巴斯蘇亞雷斯阿勞霍，巴勃羅·費爾南德斯·洛佩斯，帕特里西奧·加西亞·貝茲 摘要 本文對一氧化氮（NO）的生物和人造環境的動態的計算研究，由裝置的重要的一氧化氮擴散屬性，這是在此工作中定義的分析。 我們不應用擴散的房室模型作為一個正式的工具，使用視圖計算神經科學點。 其主要目的是在出現的分析和動態複雜的結構，基本上是擴散附近（DNB）與體積傳輸（VT）環境。 該研究是由NO擴散屬性，NO的方向性（NOD）的觀察進行的，平均影響（AI）和DNB（CDNB）的中心。 我們目前的影響和依賴關係的研究，相對於相關功能的NO合成擴散過程，並在那裡它傳播（非各向同性和非均勻性）在不同的環境。 本文的結構分為三組經驗涵蓋上述幾個方面：NO合成過程中的影響力，孤立和多進程，到NO合成元素距離的影響，擴散環境的特徵的影響。 的發展已經在單雙向和三維環境中被執行時，與內皮細胞的特徵。 該研究有助於所需的形式主義管理NO的動態人工的生物環境也量化信息的表示能力，一個類型沒有基於擴散信號禮物和許多其他潛在的神經機制影響，如神經招聘，同步 的神經元之間，並且在一般的大腦活動的計算。","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"73-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66017593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cognitive radio is a promising solution to the problem of spectrum scarcity by means of allowing secondary radio networks access the spectrum opportunistically. One of the most important issues in cognitive radio is how to detect existing over-the-air signals reliably. Not a few literatures have reported that signals could be detected via their inherent or embedded properties. However, this approach may not be reliable and flexible enough for all kinds of signals with different modulation types. In this paper, we propose a type of multitone beacon signal carrying cyclostationary signatures, which is able to enhance the reliability and efficiency of signal detection at low cost of spectrum overhead. This beacon not only can indicate the presence or absence of user signal but also can reveal some other information helpful to opportunistic spectrum access through the information bits carried on its cyclostationary signatures. It could be applied to device/network identification, indication of spectrum allocation and spectrum rendezvous, both for primary and secondary users. Based on our previous work reported in [1], the generation and detection algorithm of the beacon signal are extended with improved spectral efficiency. Performance is discussed with both computer simulation and testbed validation.
{"title":"Cyclostationary Beacon for Assisting Spectrum Sensing in Opportunistic Spectrum Access","authors":"Hanwen Cao, Q. Cai, J. P. Miranda, T. Kaiser","doi":"10.1234/MJEE.V5I1.374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1234/MJEE.V5I1.374","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive radio is a promising solution to the problem of spectrum scarcity by means of allowing secondary radio networks access the spectrum opportunistically. One of the most important issues in cognitive radio is how to detect existing over-the-air signals reliably. Not a few literatures have reported that signals could be detected via their inherent or embedded properties. However, this approach may not be reliable and flexible enough for all kinds of signals with different modulation types. In this paper, we propose a type of multitone beacon signal carrying cyclostationary signatures, which is able to enhance the reliability and efficiency of signal detection at low cost of spectrum overhead. This beacon not only can indicate the presence or absence of user signal but also can reveal some other information helpful to opportunistic spectrum access through the information bits carried on its cyclostationary signatures. It could be applied to device/network identification, indication of spectrum allocation and spectrum rendezvous, both for primary and secondary users. Based on our previous work reported in [1], the generation and detection algorithm of the beacon signal are extended with improved spectral efficiency. Performance is discussed with both computer simulation and testbed validation.","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"65-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66017506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Turunen, M. Kosunen, Sami Kallioinen, A. Parssinen, J. Ryynanen
Cognitive radios utilize spectrum sensors to provide information about the surrounding radio environment. This enables cognitive radios to communicate at the same frequency bands with existing (primary) radio systems, and thereby improve the utilization of spectral resources. Furthermore, the spectrum sensor must be able to guarantee that the cognitive radio devices do not interfere with the primary system transmissions. This paper describes a hardware implementation of a spectrum sensor based on cyclostationary feature detector, which has an improved detection performance achieved by decimation of the cyclic spectrum. Decimation also provides a simple way to control detection time and, therefore, allows trading the detection time to better probability of detection and vice versa. Implementation complexity in terms of power consumption and silicon area for a 65 nm CMOS process is evaluated. Measured detection performance is presented and detection of a 802.11g WLAN signal through air interface is demonstrated. Cognitive radios utilize spectrum sensors to provide information about the surrounding radio environment. This enables cognitive radios to communicate at the same frequency bands with existing (primary) radio systems, and thereby improve the utilization of spectral resources. Furthermore, the spectrum sensor must be able to guarantee that the cognitive radio devices do not interfere with the primary system transmissions. This paper describes a hardware implementation of a spectrum sensor based on cyclostationary feature detector, which has an improved detection performance achieved by decimation of the cyclic spectrum. Decimation also provides a simple way to control detection time and, therefore, allows trading the detection time to better probability of detection and vice versa. Implementation complexity in terms of power consumption and silicon area for a 65 nm CMOS process is evaluated. Measured detection performance is presented and detection of a 802.11g WLAN signal through air interface is demonstrated.
{"title":"Spectrum Sensor Hardware Implementation Based on Cyclostationary Feature Detector","authors":"V. Turunen, M. Kosunen, Sami Kallioinen, A. Parssinen, J. Ryynanen","doi":"10.1234/MJEE.V5I1.355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1234/MJEE.V5I1.355","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive radios utilize spectrum sensors to provide information about the surrounding radio environment. This enables cognitive radios to communicate at the same frequency bands with existing (primary) radio systems, and thereby improve the utilization of spectral resources. Furthermore, the spectrum sensor must be able to guarantee that the cognitive radio devices do not interfere with the primary system transmissions. This paper describes a hardware implementation of a spectrum sensor based on cyclostationary feature detector, which has an improved detection performance achieved by decimation of the cyclic spectrum. Decimation also provides a simple way to control detection time and, therefore, allows trading the detection time to better probability of detection and vice versa. Implementation complexity in terms of power consumption and silicon area for a 65 nm CMOS process is evaluated. Measured detection performance is presented and detection of a 802.11g WLAN signal through air interface is demonstrated. Cognitive radios utilize spectrum sensors to provide information about the surrounding radio environment. This enables cognitive radios to communicate at the same frequency bands with existing (primary) radio systems, and thereby improve the utilization of spectral resources. Furthermore, the spectrum sensor must be able to guarantee that the cognitive radio devices do not interfere with the primary system transmissions. This paper describes a hardware implementation of a spectrum sensor based on cyclostationary feature detector, which has an improved detection performance achieved by decimation of the cyclic spectrum. Decimation also provides a simple way to control detection time and, therefore, allows trading the detection time to better probability of detection and vice versa. Implementation complexity in terms of power consumption and silicon area for a 65 nm CMOS process is evaluated. Measured detection performance is presented and detection of a 802.11g WLAN signal through air interface is demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"32-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66017549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, we propose a space search algorithm (SSA) and then introduce a hybrid optimization of ANFIS-based fuzzy models based on SSA and information granulation (IG). In comparison with “conventional” evolutionary algorithms (such as PSO), SSA leads not only to better search performance to find global optimization but is also more computationally effective. In the hybrid optimization of ANFIS-based fuzzy inference system, SSA is exploited to carry out the parametric optimization of the fuzzy model as well as to realize its structural optimization. IG realized with the aid of C-Means clustering helps determine the initial values of the apex parameters of the membership function of fuzzy model. The overall hybrid identification of ANFIS-based fuzzy models comes in the form of two optimization mechanisms: structure identification (such as the number of input variables to be used, a specific subset of input variables, the number of membership functions, and polynomial type) and parameter identification (viz. the apexes of membership function). The structure identification is developed by SSA and C-Means while the parameter estimation is realized via SSA and a standard least square method. The evaluation of the performance of the proposed model was carried out by using three representative numerical examples such as Non-linear function, gas furnace, and Mackey-Glass time series. A comparative study of SSA and PSO demonstrates that SSA leads to improved performance both in terms of the quality of the model and the computing time required. The proposed model is also contrasted with the quality of some “conventional” fuzzy models already encountered in the literature.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Space Search Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization in the Design of ANFIS-based Fuzzy Models","authors":"Wei Huang, L. Ding, Sung-Kwun Oh","doi":"10.1234/MJEE.V5I1.366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1234/MJEE.V5I1.366","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we propose a space search algorithm (SSA) and then introduce a hybrid optimization of ANFIS-based fuzzy models based on SSA and information granulation (IG). In comparison with “conventional” evolutionary algorithms (such as PSO), SSA leads not only to better search performance to find global optimization but is also more computationally effective. In the hybrid optimization of ANFIS-based fuzzy inference system, SSA is exploited to carry out the parametric optimization of the fuzzy model as well as to realize its structural optimization. IG realized with the aid of C-Means clustering helps determine the initial values of the apex parameters of the membership function of fuzzy model. The overall hybrid identification of ANFIS-based fuzzy models comes in the form of two optimization mechanisms: structure identification (such as the number of input variables to be used, a specific subset of input variables, the number of membership functions, and polynomial type) and parameter identification (viz. the apexes of membership function). The structure identification is developed by SSA and C-Means while the parameter estimation is realized via SSA and a standard least square method. The evaluation of the performance of the proposed model was carried out by using three representative numerical examples such as Non-linear function, gas furnace, and Mackey-Glass time series. A comparative study of SSA and PSO demonstrates that SSA leads to improved performance both in terms of the quality of the model and the computing time required. The proposed model is also contrasted with the quality of some “conventional” fuzzy models already encountered in the literature.","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"50-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66017675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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