Pub Date : 2023-05-17DOI: 10.1080/16161262.2023.2213570
Chris Smith
{"title":"The real special relationship: the true story of how the British and US secret services work together","authors":"Chris Smith","doi":"10.1080/16161262.2023.2213570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16161262.2023.2213570","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligence History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44000970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.1080/16161262.2023.2213566
David V. Gioe
{"title":"Need to know: World War II and the rise of American intelligence","authors":"David V. Gioe","doi":"10.1080/16161262.2023.2213566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16161262.2023.2213566","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligence History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47195781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/16161262.2021.1918940
M. Poellath
ABSTRACT The use of disinformation and propaganda to brand the uprisings in East Germany 1953, Hungary 1956 and Prague 1968 as ‘fascist coups’ or a ‘NATO-plot’ constituted a prevailing element of Soviet policy against populations of the Eastern bloc and the West. In this article, the content and strategies of Soviet disinformation will be discussed. Overall, these untruths were disseminated to justify military interventions that the Kremlin prepared alongside its disinformation campaigns. Using these three case studies as a basis, an assessment will be given as to which degree disinformation distorts the politics of memory of these historical events. Furthermore, recent disinformation campaigns directed against Ukraine will be appraised and put into the historical context of the East-West conflict.
{"title":"Agents, Fascists and Provocateurs: Disinformation as an Instrument to Delegitimize Uprisings in Eastern Europe (1953, 1956, 1968) and Its Impact on the Politics of Memory","authors":"M. Poellath","doi":"10.1080/16161262.2021.1918940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16161262.2021.1918940","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The use of disinformation and propaganda to brand the uprisings in East Germany 1953, Hungary 1956 and Prague 1968 as ‘fascist coups’ or a ‘NATO-plot’ constituted a prevailing element of Soviet policy against populations of the Eastern bloc and the West. In this article, the content and strategies of Soviet disinformation will be discussed. Overall, these untruths were disseminated to justify military interventions that the Kremlin prepared alongside its disinformation campaigns. Using these three case studies as a basis, an assessment will be given as to which degree disinformation distorts the politics of memory of these historical events. Furthermore, recent disinformation campaigns directed against Ukraine will be appraised and put into the historical context of the East-West conflict.","PeriodicalId":37890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligence History","volume":"22 1","pages":"234 - 256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/16161262.2021.1918940","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49141013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/16161262.2021.1926121
A. Gilboa
{"title":"Israel’s Silent Defender: An Inside Look at Sixty Years of Israeli Intelligence","authors":"A. Gilboa","doi":"10.1080/16161262.2021.1926121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16161262.2021.1926121","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligence History","volume":"22 1","pages":"296 - 297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/16161262.2021.1926121","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43225844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/16161262.2021.2015558
T. Gülstorff
ABSTRACT On 30 June 1960, the colony Belgian Congo became independent. Only a few weeks later, controversies between the country’s political parties – that already had been simmering for some while – escalated. The famous Congo Crisis erupted. Subsequently, several Western and Eastern powers increased their intelligence operations at the heart of Africa. Amongst them: the Federal Republic of Germany. In early 1961, the Adenauer government ordered its foreign intelligence service, the Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND), to initiate one of its largest Africa operations of the 1960s – regarding its funds comparable to that of the CIA. By weakening the Congo’s opposition, strengthening its army and air force, and manipulating its public opinion the BND made a significant contribution to end the Congo Crisis and helped to create a unified Congolese state on Western terms.
{"title":"The Invisible Hand at the Heart of Africa – West German Intelligence Operations and the Early State-Building Process of the Democratic Republic of the Congo","authors":"T. Gülstorff","doi":"10.1080/16161262.2021.2015558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16161262.2021.2015558","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT On 30 June 1960, the colony Belgian Congo became independent. Only a few weeks later, controversies between the country’s political parties – that already had been simmering for some while – escalated. The famous Congo Crisis erupted. Subsequently, several Western and Eastern powers increased their intelligence operations at the heart of Africa. Amongst them: the Federal Republic of Germany. In early 1961, the Adenauer government ordered its foreign intelligence service, the Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND), to initiate one of its largest Africa operations of the 1960s – regarding its funds comparable to that of the CIA. By weakening the Congo’s opposition, strengthening its army and air force, and manipulating its public opinion the BND made a significant contribution to end the Congo Crisis and helped to create a unified Congolese state on Western terms.","PeriodicalId":37890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligence History","volume":"22 1","pages":"257 - 275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43126588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.1080/16161262.2023.2191068
Nuno Fragoso Vidal
{"title":"Angolan State security/intelligence services, and their support of the MPLA and presidential hegemony","authors":"Nuno Fragoso Vidal","doi":"10.1080/16161262.2023.2191068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16161262.2023.2191068","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligence History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46538601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-25DOI: 10.1080/16161262.2023.2171718
Eliezer Tauber
{"title":"Sharif Husayn, Ja’far al-‘Askari and the Cipher of the Arab revolt","authors":"Eliezer Tauber","doi":"10.1080/16161262.2023.2171718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16161262.2023.2171718","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligence History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45925411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-15DOI: 10.1080/16161262.2022.2134968
D. Hadley
ABSTRACT In 1951, OSS veteran Aldo Icardi was accused by the U.S. Department of Defense of killing his commanding officer, William V. Holohan, while on a mission in Italy in 1944; his motive was allegedly to aid communist partisans there. The incident became a scandal in the United States, where in the context of the Red Scare the importance of Holohan’s death grew far out of proportion to reality. The incident serves as a case study of the damage wrought by the politicization of intelligence; additionally, it illustrates how popular narrative tropes of spy memoirs were enlisted by the different sides to press their version of the case. The reaction of leading American intelligence figures to the scandal is revealing of the kinds of tropes preferred and promoted by advocates of a strong, active intelligence organization.
1951年，美国国防部指控OSS老兵Aldo Icardi于1944年在意大利执行任务时杀害了他的指挥官William V. Holohan;据称他的动机是帮助那里的共产主义游击队员。这一事件成为美国的丑闻，在红色恐慌的背景下，霍洛汉之死的重要性远远超出了现实。这一事件是研究情报政治化所造成损害的一个案例;此外，它还说明了不同方面是如何利用间谍回忆录中流行的叙事手法来推动他们对案件的看法的。美国主要情报官员对这一丑闻的反应，揭示了主张建立一个强大、活跃的情报机构的人所偏爱和推崇的那种比喻。
{"title":"The Holohan Murder and the Legacy of the Office of Strategic Services","authors":"D. Hadley","doi":"10.1080/16161262.2022.2134968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16161262.2022.2134968","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In 1951, OSS veteran Aldo Icardi was accused by the U.S. Department of Defense of killing his commanding officer, William V. Holohan, while on a mission in Italy in 1944; his motive was allegedly to aid communist partisans there. The incident became a scandal in the United States, where in the context of the Red Scare the importance of Holohan’s death grew far out of proportion to reality. The incident serves as a case study of the damage wrought by the politicization of intelligence; additionally, it illustrates how popular narrative tropes of spy memoirs were enlisted by the different sides to press their version of the case. The reaction of leading American intelligence figures to the scandal is revealing of the kinds of tropes preferred and promoted by advocates of a strong, active intelligence organization.","PeriodicalId":37890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligence History","volume":"5 3","pages":"60 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41270623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-12DOI: 10.1080/16161262.2022.2132061
Ryan Shaffer
{"title":"Intelligence Agencies, Technology and Knowledge Production: Data Processing and Information Transfer in Secret Services During the Cold War","authors":"Ryan Shaffer","doi":"10.1080/16161262.2022.2132061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16161262.2022.2132061","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligence History","volume":"22 1","pages":"100 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47445391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.1080/16161262.2022.2129824
Grigorij Serscikov
{"title":"‘Tell him that he is different’: how the U.S. intelligence tried to recruit the Soviets in Iran","authors":"Grigorij Serscikov","doi":"10.1080/16161262.2022.2129824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16161262.2022.2129824","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligence History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48890262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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