Nur Ainna Ramli,Gilbert Nartea, Ahmad Fadly Nurullah Rasedee, Aslina Baharum
We study the comprehensive, simultaneous interrelationships between countries, economic sectors (i.e., primary, secondary, and tertiary sector), capital structure and firm financial performance, especially involving the mediation effects in different sectors. We find that some determinants of capital structure do not only directly enhance firm financial performance. Firm financial performance is also influenced by how capital structure from the product category in the economic sectors have been financed. We find a significant relationship between capital structure and firm financial performance in the secondary and tertiary sectors but not for the primary sector. We find that the secondary sector tends to use internal financing while the tertiary sector tends to use external financing to enhance firm financial performance. Our results also reveal that the effect of capital structure on firm financial performance tends to be mediated by firm- and country-specific attributes, as well as by the sector in which they operate. A closer examination of the data showed that in the economic sectors, we find robust results that there are not just positive direct and indirect effects, but also negative direct and indirect effects. It should be well understood by financial managers that secondary and tertiary sectors plays an important role in the mediation effect. The contribution of this study is to help the firm manager to make a good decision on the proportions of their capital structure.
{"title":"The Mediation Effects of Capital Structure: Evidence from Malaysian and Indonesian Economic Sectors","authors":"Nur Ainna Ramli,Gilbert Nartea, Ahmad Fadly Nurullah Rasedee, Aslina Baharum","doi":"10.17762/msea.v71i2.82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17762/msea.v71i2.82","url":null,"abstract":"We study the comprehensive, simultaneous interrelationships between countries, economic sectors (i.e., primary, secondary, and tertiary sector), capital structure and firm financial performance, especially involving the mediation effects in different sectors. We find that some determinants of capital structure do not only directly enhance firm financial performance. Firm financial performance is also influenced by how capital structure from the product category in the economic sectors have been financed. We find a significant relationship between capital structure and firm financial performance in the secondary and tertiary sectors but not for the primary sector. We find that the secondary sector tends to use internal financing while the tertiary sector tends to use external financing to enhance firm financial performance. Our results also reveal that the effect of capital structure on firm financial performance tends to be mediated by firm- and country-specific attributes, as well as by the sector in which they operate. A closer examination of the data showed that in the economic sectors, we find robust results that there are not just positive direct and indirect effects, but also negative direct and indirect effects. It should be well understood by financial managers that secondary and tertiary sectors plays an important role in the mediation effect. The contribution of this study is to help the firm manager to make a good decision on the proportions of their capital structure.","PeriodicalId":37943,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Statistician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41368815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elaf Sabah Abbas, Emad A. Kuffi, Lina Baker Abdlrasol
This paper describes using the Aboodh integral transform in solving one-dimensional second-order hyperbolic telegraph equations with satisfying initial conditions by solving some telegraph equations with specific initial conditions and then generalizing the solution to the telegraph equation using the Aboodh integral transform.
{"title":"General Solution of Telegraph Equation Using Aboodh Transform","authors":"Elaf Sabah Abbas, Emad A. Kuffi, Lina Baker Abdlrasol","doi":"10.17762/msea.v71i2.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17762/msea.v71i2.85","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes using the Aboodh integral transform in solving one-dimensional second-order hyperbolic telegraph equations with satisfying initial conditions by solving some telegraph equations with specific initial conditions and then generalizing the solution to the telegraph equation using the Aboodh integral transform.","PeriodicalId":37943,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Statistician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49543797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, a new complex integral transform under the name EE (Emad-Elaf) transform had been suggested and applied to solve linear ordinary differential equations with constant coefficient, the new EE transform had been tested by applying it on some practical problems, and it proved to be an efficient and powerful transform.
{"title":"A Complex Integral Transform “Complex EE Transform” and Its Applications","authors":"Emad A. Kuffi, Elaf Sabah Abbas","doi":"10.17762/msea.v71i2.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17762/msea.v71i2.84","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new complex integral transform under the name EE (Emad-Elaf) transform had been suggested and applied to solve linear ordinary differential equations with constant coefficient, the new EE transform had been tested by applying it on some practical problems, and it proved to be an efficient and powerful transform.","PeriodicalId":37943,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Statistician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48162609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the linear use of PowerPoint presentation slides in classroom and lecture halls, the brain works primarily with key concepts that it links and integrates. This is a big contrast from the typical student behaviour of reading or memorizing the slides.This paper presents a new system that automatically generate a mind map based on a set of keywords and keyphrases extracted from PowerPoint presentation slides. The system takes a text mining approach and relies on a keyphrase extraction algorithm to extract the keywords and keyphrases. Survey results reflect a rising need of such application as part of educational technologies and the potential benefits are observed and discussed.
{"title":"Otomind: A Text Mining Approach to Automatic Concept Mapping","authors":"Vinothini Kasinathan, Aida Mustapha, Tulasi Appalasamy, Vinesh Thiruchelvam","doi":"10.17762/msea.v71i2.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17762/msea.v71i2.79","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the linear use of PowerPoint presentation slides in classroom and lecture halls, the brain works primarily with key concepts that it links and integrates. This is a big contrast from the typical student behaviour of reading or memorizing the slides.This paper presents a new system that automatically generate a mind map based on a set of keywords and keyphrases extracted from PowerPoint presentation slides. The system takes a text mining approach and relies on a keyphrase extraction algorithm to extract the keywords and keyphrases. Survey results reflect a rising need of such application as part of educational technologies and the potential benefits are observed and discussed.","PeriodicalId":37943,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Statistician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47085960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Geena Sandra Codfrey, Aslina Baharum, Nurul Hidayah Mat , Muhammad Omar, Farhana Diana Deris
Product design and development can be an overwhelming process especially for those who want to produce a product that is usable for most people. Designers and developers are always finding ways to involve the user in the production of a product. The objective of this study is to provide insight into the users' involvement and to determine strategies involving users in product design and development. Systematic review with the analysis of research articles has been done to achieve the objective. Results show the proposed framework for user experience in product design and development needed to involve users’ perspectives and strategies for high-quality products. User perspective on the product can give valuable user experience information. For the designers to have good perspectives, a good strategy must be created to obtain the user experience information from users.
{"title":"User Experience in Product Design and Development: Perspectives and Strategies","authors":"Geena Sandra Codfrey, Aslina Baharum, Nurul Hidayah Mat , Muhammad Omar, Farhana Diana Deris","doi":"10.17762/msea.v71i2.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17762/msea.v71i2.83","url":null,"abstract":"Product design and development can be an overwhelming process especially for those who want to produce a product that is usable for most people. Designers and developers are always finding ways to involve the user in the production of a product. The objective of this study is to provide insight into the users' involvement and to determine strategies involving users in product design and development. Systematic review with the analysis of research articles has been done to achieve the objective. Results show the proposed framework for user experience in product design and development needed to involve users’ perspectives and strategies for high-quality products. User perspective on the product can give valuable user experience information. For the designers to have good perspectives, a good strategy must be created to obtain the user experience information from users.","PeriodicalId":37943,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Statistician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41593259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Romanenkov Aleksandr Mikhailovich, Temnov Aleksei Andreevich, Kostoev Adam Timurovich
The fault - tolerance of information systems is of great importance for achieving the required level of reliability. The need to ensure a high level of system stability especially increases (with an increase in the number of clients). Today, many tools have been created and approaches have been developed to ensure a high level of fault - tolerance [9-11]. In this work, some of the promising approaches are considered, using which a geographically distributed system was developed and launched that provides unified access to the API of trading platforms. The emphasis is not on detailed instructions for creating the system, but on the key points and tools.
{"title":"Methods of Creating Fault-Tolerant Geographically Distributed Systems","authors":"Romanenkov Aleksandr Mikhailovich, Temnov Aleksei Andreevich, Kostoev Adam Timurovich","doi":"10.17762/msea.v71i2.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17762/msea.v71i2.77","url":null,"abstract":"The fault - tolerance of information systems is of great importance for achieving the required level of reliability. The need to ensure a high level of system stability especially increases (with an increase in the number of clients). Today, many tools have been created and approaches have been developed to ensure a high level of fault - tolerance [9-11]. In this work, some of the promising approaches are considered, using which a geographically distributed system was developed and launched that provides unified access to the API of trading platforms. The emphasis is not on detailed instructions for creating the system, but on the key points and tools.","PeriodicalId":37943,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Statistician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43382350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article deals with the problems of time and cost management in the construction of large energy facilities. The practical value of standards in the field of time and cost management in the construction of large energy facilities is often questioned by specialists in various fields of project activity. Practitioners at lower and intermediate levels often complain about the lack of clear and effective tools for solving specific problems in project management practice. However, the skillful application of standards can not only increase the likelihood of success for a wide range of diverse projects of large energy facilities with obtaining expected business values "at the output" of the project. The purpose of this study was to study the features of management terms and cost in the construction of large energy facilities. The objectives of the study included establishing links between the methods recommended by the project management body of knowledge (PMBoK) guidelines for determining the project budget and the methods used in practice for determining the cost of construction projects for large energy facilities, formalized in the current regulatory documents and state building codes of Russia. For this (according to the PMBoK standard), the basic methodological foundations of the project cost management process, its components and characteristic features were determined. The main stages of the life cycle of construction projects of large energy facilities, in which the cost of design work is assessed, are determined, the goals of such an assessment and the project participants who carry it out are determined. As a result, a complete methodological identity was established between the methods for assessing the project cost of large energy facilities recommended by the PMBoK standard and the methods for determining the cost of construction specified in the current regulatory documents in the construction industry in Russia.
{"title":"Time and Cost Management in the Construction of Large Energy Facilities","authors":"Nikolay Y. Kuzmin, Andrey A. Mihasek","doi":"10.17762/msea.v71i2.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17762/msea.v71i2.76","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the problems of time and cost management in the construction of large energy facilities. The practical value of standards in the field of time and cost management in the construction of large energy facilities is often questioned by specialists in various fields of project activity. Practitioners at lower and intermediate levels often complain about the lack of clear and effective tools for solving specific problems in project management practice. However, the skillful application of standards can not only increase the likelihood of success for a wide range of diverse projects of large energy facilities with obtaining expected business values \"at the output\" of the project. The purpose of this study was to study the features of management terms and cost in the construction of large energy facilities. The objectives of the study included establishing links between the methods recommended by the project management body of knowledge (PMBoK) guidelines for determining the project budget and the methods used in practice for determining the cost of construction projects for large energy facilities, formalized in the current regulatory documents and state building codes of Russia. For this (according to the PMBoK standard), the basic methodological foundations of the project cost management process, its components and characteristic features were determined. The main stages of the life cycle of construction projects of large energy facilities, in which the cost of design work is assessed, are determined, the goals of such an assessment and the project participants who carry it out are determined. As a result, a complete methodological identity was established between the methods for assessing the project cost of large energy facilities recommended by the PMBoK standard and the methods for determining the cost of construction specified in the current regulatory documents in the construction industry in Russia.","PeriodicalId":37943,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Statistician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43017051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aleksander A. Bykov, Alexey A. Bychkov, Marina V. Bereznikova
The numeric investigation of non-stationary filtration slightly-compressible viscous fluid in porous media with high-permeable vugs was carried out. Obtained evidence that dynamic of pressure distribution in such media could not be described by solution of classical piezoconductivity equation (analogue of the heat equation). Using multipole expansion for describing pressure field perturbation was taken into account. This approach allowed to describe the change of the liquid density in porous phase near vugs during filtration and, as a result, modified piezoconductivity equation was obtained. Comparison of numeric solution of modified piezoconductivity equation with results of direct numeric simulation of filtration in heterogeneous media shows that new equation could better describe this process.
{"title":"Modified Piezoconductivity Equation for Modeling Unsteady Filtration Processes in a Cavernous Medium","authors":"Aleksander A. Bykov, Alexey A. Bychkov, Marina V. Bereznikova","doi":"10.17762/msea.v71i2.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17762/msea.v71i2.75","url":null,"abstract":"The numeric investigation of non-stationary filtration slightly-compressible viscous fluid in porous media with high-permeable vugs was carried out. Obtained evidence that dynamic of pressure distribution in such media could not be described by solution of classical piezoconductivity equation (analogue of the heat equation). Using multipole expansion for describing pressure field perturbation was taken into account. This approach allowed to describe the change of the liquid density in porous phase near vugs during filtration and, as a result, modified piezoconductivity equation was obtained. Comparison of numeric solution of modified piezoconductivity equation with results of direct numeric simulation of filtration in heterogeneous media shows that new equation could better describe this process.","PeriodicalId":37943,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Statistician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48705445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper is for assessing the image quality (IQ) without using an authentic image (original image) which is a type of Blind IQ Assessment (BIQA) model by introducing a technique of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The distortions of edges in the image are considered as features to represent the image feature vector. This approach is justified by the evidence that the subjective evaluation concentrates on image characteristics that radiate from the boundaries and edges that exist with in the image. It was identified in the prior methods that the features are extracted at the time of training or before training by applying sophisticated transformations on the image. In this work, the vertical along with horizontal edge feature maps of the training images are extracted by means of Scharr Kernel (SK) approach. These edge maps subsequently fed into a CNN, which uses non-linear transformations to bring out higher-level features. Regression is then used to link the generated features to the IQ score. To accommodate different sizes of input images, the SPP (Spatial Pyramid Pooling) layer is used in this network. The developed model was evaluated using well-known datasets in the field of IQA. The suggested model's performance reveals that it outperforms previously existing models in context of negligible complexity involvement and feature extraction simplicity.
{"title":"An Edge Distortion and CNN-Based Analysis of Blind IQ","authors":"Movva. Rajesh Babu, Kontham. Raja Kumar","doi":"10.17762/msea.v71i2.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17762/msea.v71i2.78","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is for assessing the image quality (IQ) without using an authentic image (original image) which is a type of Blind IQ Assessment (BIQA) model by introducing a technique of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The distortions of edges in the image are considered as features to represent the image feature vector. This approach is justified by the evidence that the subjective evaluation concentrates on image characteristics that radiate from the boundaries and edges that exist with in the image. It was identified in the prior methods that the features are extracted at the time of training or before training by applying sophisticated transformations on the image. In this work, the vertical along with horizontal edge feature maps of the training images are extracted by means of Scharr Kernel (SK) approach. These edge maps subsequently fed into a CNN, which uses non-linear transformations to bring out higher-level features. Regression is then used to link the generated features to the IQ score. To accommodate different sizes of input images, the SPP (Spatial Pyramid Pooling) layer is used in this network. The developed model was evaluated using well-known datasets in the field of IQA. The suggested model's performance reveals that it outperforms previously existing models in context of negligible complexity involvement and feature extraction simplicity.","PeriodicalId":37943,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Statistician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41428055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present study, quantitative model and methods that analyze dynamic system of communication flow have been developed in the domain of queuing theory under uncertain environment. The study approach supports model-based queue design as opposed to creative engineering. Some critical aspects and results of queue model and fuzzy set theory has been reviewed in brief and the application of bulk queue model to communication network under imprecise data has been discussed. We have assumed that the arrival pattern, service pattern as well covariance between incoming and transmitted packets all are fuzzy in nature. The system characteristics with defuzzification process have been explored on the basis of lower and upper bound at possibility level alpha and signed distance method. The validity of the results has been analyzed through numerical illustration and graphical study.
{"title":"Modeling of Communication Network with Queuing Theory under Fuzzy Environment","authors":"Himanshu Mittal, Naresh Sharma","doi":"10.17762/msea.v71i2.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17762/msea.v71i2.72","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, quantitative model and methods that analyze dynamic system of communication flow have been developed in the domain of queuing theory under uncertain environment. The study approach supports model-based queue design as opposed to creative engineering. Some critical aspects and results of queue model and fuzzy set theory has been reviewed in brief and the application of bulk queue model to communication network under imprecise data has been discussed. We have assumed that the arrival pattern, service pattern as well covariance between incoming and transmitted packets all are fuzzy in nature. The system characteristics with defuzzification process have been explored on the basis of lower and upper bound at possibility level alpha and signed distance method. The validity of the results has been analyzed through numerical illustration and graphical study.","PeriodicalId":37943,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Statistician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42479664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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