Pub Date : 2024-12-04DOI: 10.1016/j.japb.2024.11.012
Boo Hee Jung , Jinbae Seung
Four ciid species associated with the bracket fungus, Inonotus mikadoi (Gilb. & Ryvarden) Lloyd are recognized from Jeju Island, Korea: Acanthocis inonoti Miyatake, 1955, Ceracis japonus (Reitter 1878), Euxestocis bicornutus Miyatake, 1954, and Nipponapterocis brevis Miyatake, 1954. Among them, three genera that comprise above three species, Ceracis Mellié, 1848, Euxestocis Miyatake, 1954, and Nipponapterocis Miyatake, 1954, are first recorded from Korea. Diagnoses for the newly recorded species and genera, photographs of adults, line drawings of male genitalia, and the ecological information on host fungus are provided.
{"title":"Four species of Ciidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) from Jeju Island in Korea associated with the bracket fungus, Inonotus mikadoi (Basidiomycetes: Hymenochaetaceae)","authors":"Boo Hee Jung , Jinbae Seung","doi":"10.1016/j.japb.2024.11.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japb.2024.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Four ciid species associated with the bracket fungus, <em>Inonotus mikadoi</em> (Gilb. & Ryvarden) Lloyd are recognized from Jeju Island, Korea: <em>Acanthocis inonoti</em> Miyatake, 1955, <em>Ceracis japonus</em> (Reitter 1878), <em>Euxestocis bicornutus</em> Miyatake, 1954, and <em>Nipponapterocis brevis</em> Miyatake, 1954. Among them, three genera that comprise above three species, <em>Ceracis</em> Mellié, 1848, <em>Euxestocis</em> Miyatake, 1954, and <em>Nipponapterocis</em> Miyatake, 1954, are first recorded from Korea. Diagnoses for the newly recorded species and genera, photographs of adults, line drawings of male genitalia, and the ecological information on host fungus are provided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity","volume":"18 1","pages":"Pages 220-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-30DOI: 10.1016/j.japb.2024.11.010
Achyut Tiwari , Basu Dev Paudel , Kumar Manish
Mountains are rich in endemic species diversity due to various factors, including steep elevational and climatic gradients and high habitat heterogeneity. While the causal factors behind high species endemism have been well worked out with respect to habitat characteristics and climate, the evolutionary mechanisms have received little attention. In this study, we attempt to decipher the evolutionary patterns of diversification of endemic plants in Nepal (Central Himalaya) and Bhutan (Eastern Himalaya) using species-presence records, phylogenetic supertrees, and ancestral area reconstruction methods. We found that the Nepal Himalaya was richer than Bhutan Himalaya with respect to endemic plant species. Maximum diversification of endemic plants in Nepal Himalaya occurred 35-20 million years ago (Mya), and in Bhutan Himalaya, it occurred during 55-45 Mya. Ancestral area reconstructions revealed that the maximum number of endemics in both Nepal and Bhutan Himalaya have diversified from taxa that migrated from Southeast Asiatic Malaysian and Southeast Chinese regions. We conclude that the plant species endemism in the Himalaya is closely linked with the phase-wise gradual uplift of mountains, long-term climate variation, species migration and floristic composition of the neighboring landscapes.
{"title":"Origin and diversification of endemic seed plants in Central (Nepal) and Eastern (Bhutan) Himalaya","authors":"Achyut Tiwari , Basu Dev Paudel , Kumar Manish","doi":"10.1016/j.japb.2024.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japb.2024.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mountains are rich in endemic species diversity due to various factors, including steep elevational and climatic gradients and high habitat heterogeneity. While the causal factors behind high species endemism have been well worked out with respect to habitat characteristics and climate, the evolutionary mechanisms have received little attention. In this study, we attempt to decipher the evolutionary patterns of diversification of endemic plants in Nepal (Central Himalaya) and Bhutan (Eastern Himalaya) using species-presence records, phylogenetic supertrees, and ancestral area reconstruction methods. We found that the Nepal Himalaya was richer than Bhutan Himalaya with respect to endemic plant species. Maximum diversification of endemic plants in Nepal Himalaya occurred 35-20 million years ago (Mya), and in Bhutan Himalaya, it occurred during 55-45 Mya. Ancestral area reconstructions revealed that the maximum number of endemics in both Nepal and Bhutan Himalaya have diversified from taxa that migrated from Southeast Asiatic Malaysian and Southeast Chinese regions. We conclude that the plant species endemism in the Himalaya is closely linked with the phase-wise gradual uplift of mountains, long-term climate variation, species migration and floristic composition of the neighboring landscapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity","volume":"18 1","pages":"Pages 162-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.japb.2024.11.007
Jongmin Bae , Sunghoon Jung
This study reports the genus Dicladocerus Westwood (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Korea, with a newly reported species, Dicladocerus yoshimotoi Özdikmen. We provide a redescription of this species with photos of diagnostic characteristics based on paratype and Korean specimens. Due to subtle morphological variations among Dicladocerus species, we also provide a key to distinguish species within the Eastern Palaearctic region.
{"title":"First report of the genus Dicladocerus Westwood (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Korea with an updated key to the Eastern Palaearctic species","authors":"Jongmin Bae , Sunghoon Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.japb.2024.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japb.2024.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports the genus <em>Dicladocerus</em> Westwood (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Korea, with a newly reported species, <em>Dicladocerus yoshimotoi</em> Özdikmen. We provide a redescription of this species with photos of diagnostic characteristics based on paratype and Korean specimens. Due to subtle morphological variations among <em>Dicladocerus</em> species, we also provide a key to distinguish species within the Eastern Palaearctic region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity","volume":"18 1","pages":"Pages 216-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-23DOI: 10.1016/j.japb.2024.11.006
Satsuki Maejima , Masanao Honda , Hidetoshi Ota , Hideaki Kato , Aya Ueno , Shigenori Karasawa
This study investigated the dietary components of an exotic lizard, Diploderma polygonatum polygonatum, at the Yakushima Island World Heritage Site in southern Japan. A total of 430 individuals of various invertebrate species were found in the stomachs of 42 lizards. The most abundant order of prey animals was Hymenoptera (303 individuals in 38 lizards), followed by Coleoptera (36 individuals in 18 lizards) and Lepidoptera (24 individuals in 15 lizards). DNA barcoding was applied to 135 dietary items, and a total of 59 sequences were confirmed. BLAST searches showed that 33 of these 59 sequences presented more than 95% identity to known sequences in the database. These results showed this arboreal lizard captured invertebrates from both ground and arboreal habitats in the introduced area. Although no species on the Japanese Red List were identifiable in the stomachs of the lizards, the database of invertebrate DNA was insufficient to identify the dietary components of this predator at a World Heritage site.
{"title":"Food habits of the exotic lizard Diploderma polygonatum polygonatum (Agamidae, Squamata, Reptilia) at a world heritage site, Yakushima Island, Japan","authors":"Satsuki Maejima , Masanao Honda , Hidetoshi Ota , Hideaki Kato , Aya Ueno , Shigenori Karasawa","doi":"10.1016/j.japb.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japb.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the dietary components of an exotic lizard, <em>Diploderma polygonatum polygonatum</em>, at the Yakushima Island World Heritage Site in southern Japan. A total of 430 individuals of various invertebrate species were found in the stomachs of 42 lizards. The most abundant order of prey animals was Hymenoptera (303 individuals in 38 lizards), followed by Coleoptera (36 individuals in 18 lizards) and Lepidoptera (24 individuals in 15 lizards). DNA barcoding was applied to 135 dietary items, and a total of 59 sequences were confirmed. BLAST searches showed that 33 of these 59 sequences presented more than 95% identity to known sequences in the database. These results showed this arboreal lizard captured invertebrates from both ground and arboreal habitats in the introduced area. Although no species on the Japanese Red List were identifiable in the stomachs of the lizards, the database of invertebrate DNA was insufficient to identify the dietary components of this predator at a World Heritage site.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity","volume":"18 1","pages":"Pages 210-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.japb.2024.11.001
Sung Kyung Han, Tae-Im Heo, Byeong-Joo Park, Sung-Hyuk Park, Sang Hoon Che
Gypsophila pacifica Kom. (1916) is a perennial herb native to Korea, China, and Russia, known for its ornamental and medicinal value. However, our understanding of its genomic information remains inadequate. In this study, we determined its complete chloroplast genome (cp) sequence. The cp genome of G. pacifica is 152,827 base pairs (bp) long with a guanine-cytosine content of 36.4%. It consists of a large single-copy region of 83,850 bp, a small single-copy region of 17,329 bp, and two inverted repeat regions of 25,824 bp each. A total of 130 genes were identified in the genome, including 85 protein-coding genes, eight rRNA genes, and 37 tRNA genes. The maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis revealed that G. pacifica belongs to the Gypsophila group and is closely related to Dianthus within the tribe Caryophylleae.
{"title":"Complete chloroplast genome sequence of Gypsophila pacifica Kom. (Caryophyllaceae)","authors":"Sung Kyung Han, Tae-Im Heo, Byeong-Joo Park, Sung-Hyuk Park, Sang Hoon Che","doi":"10.1016/j.japb.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japb.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Gypsophila pacifica</em> Kom. (1916) is a perennial herb native to Korea, China, and Russia, known for its ornamental and medicinal value. However, our understanding of its genomic information remains inadequate. In this study, we determined its complete chloroplast genome (cp) sequence. The cp genome of <em>G. pacifica</em> is 152,827 base pairs (bp) long with a guanine-cytosine content of 36.4%. It consists of a large single-copy region of 83,850 bp, a small single-copy region of 17,329 bp, and two inverted repeat regions of 25,824 bp each. A total of 130 genes were identified in the genome, including 85 protein-coding genes, eight rRNA genes, and 37 tRNA genes. The maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis revealed that <em>G. pacifica</em> belongs to the <em>Gypsophila</em> group and is closely related to <em>Dianthus</em> within the tribe Caryophylleae.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity","volume":"18 1","pages":"Pages 204-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.japb.2024.10.006
Min-Hyeuk Lee , Seung-Hyun Lee , Jin-Bae Seung , Seung-Hwan Lee
The subfamily Amphicrossinae Kirejtshuk, 1986, is reviewed with three species in one genus reported from Korea, and Amphicrossus hisamatsui Jelinek, 1993, is recorded for the first time in Korea. A key to the Korean Amphicrossinae species is provided, along with descriptions of larval stages of two species (A. lewisi and A. hisamatsui). The initial record of A. japonicus from Korea is presumed to be based on a misidentified specimen of A. hisamatsui. However, this study could not verify the voucher specimen from Chujo and Lee (1994). Given its distribution in neighboring countries, A. japonicus will remain on the species list until its presence in Korea is confirmed. Biological information and illustrations of the Korean Amphicrossinae are also provided.
{"title":"Review of subfamily Amphicrossinae Thomson, 1859 (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in Korea","authors":"Min-Hyeuk Lee , Seung-Hyun Lee , Jin-Bae Seung , Seung-Hwan Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.japb.2024.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japb.2024.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The subfamily Amphicrossinae Kirejtshuk, 1986, is reviewed with three species in one genus reported from Korea, and <em>Amphicrossus hisamatsui</em> Jelinek, 1993, is recorded for the first time in Korea. A key to the Korean Amphicrossinae species is provided, along with descriptions of larval stages of two species (<em>A. lewisi</em> and <em>A. hisamatsui</em>). The initial record of <em>A. japonicus</em> from Korea is presumed to be based on a misidentified specimen of <em>A. hisamatsui</em>. However, this study could not verify the voucher specimen from Chujo and Lee (1994). Given its distribution in neighboring countries, <em>A. japonicus</em> will remain on the species list until its presence in Korea is confirmed. Biological information and illustrations of the Korean Amphicrossinae are also provided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity","volume":"18 1","pages":"Pages 157-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.japb.2024.10.003
Chengyu Chen , Hua Guo , Abdullah , Tianxiang Li , Guohui Li , Jingjing Liu , Xiaoxuan Tian
Phyllostachys aureosulcata McClure is a resilient bamboo species that is cultivated primarily as an ornamental plant in Beijing, Henan, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang, China. In this study, we sequenced and de novo assembled its complete chloroplast genome. The size of the complete genome was 139,701 base pairs (bp), which contained a large single-copy region of 83,223 bp, a small single-copy region of 12,882 bp, and a pair of inverted repeats of 21,798 bp each. Comparative analyses with 29 other species, including 17 from the genus Phyllostachys Torr., eight from the subfamily Bambusoideae, and four from the family Poaceae, revealed that Phyllostachys has a highly conserved chloroplast genome, showing similarities with other species within the subfamily and family. All analyzed genomes contained 111 unique genes, including 30 tRNAs, 4 rRNAs, and 77 protein-coding genes. Notably, the ycf1, ycf2, and accD genes were absent/pseudogene in all species of the family Poaceae. Phylogenetic reconstruction among 70 species of Bambusoideae, representing three tribes—Arundinarie, Bambuseae, and Olyreae—confirmed the monophyly of Phyllostachys, with a sister relationship between P. aureosulcata and Phyllostachys propinqua McClure. The chloroplast genome-based phylogeny also revealed a sister relationship between the tribes Bambuseae and Olyreae, with their shared node rooted by Arundinarie. The comprehensive analysis of chloroplast genomes provides valuable insights into the comparative genomics and phylogenetics of Phyllostachys and the Bambusoideae subfamily.
{"title":"The complete chloroplast genome of Phyllostachys aureosulcata McClure (Bambusoideae: Poaceae): Comparative genomics and phylogenetic analysis","authors":"Chengyu Chen , Hua Guo , Abdullah , Tianxiang Li , Guohui Li , Jingjing Liu , Xiaoxuan Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.japb.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japb.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Phyllostachys aureosulcata</em> McClure is a resilient bamboo species that is cultivated primarily as an ornamental plant in Beijing, Henan, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang, China. In this study, we sequenced and <em>de novo</em> assembled its complete chloroplast genome. The size of the complete genome was 139,701 base pairs (bp), which contained a large single-copy region of 83,223 bp, a small single-copy region of 12,882 bp, and a pair of inverted repeats of 21,798 bp each. Comparative analyses with 29 other species, including 17 from the genus <em>Phyllostachys</em> Torr., eight from the subfamily Bambusoideae, and four from the family Poaceae, revealed that <em>Phyllostachys</em> has a highly conserved chloroplast genome, showing similarities with other species within the subfamily and family. All analyzed genomes contained 111 unique genes, including 30 tRNAs, 4 rRNAs, and 77 protein-coding genes. Notably, the <em>ycf1</em>, <em>ycf2</em>, and <em>accD</em> genes were absent/pseudogene in all species of the family Poaceae. Phylogenetic reconstruction among 70 species of Bambusoideae, representing three tribes—Arundinarie, Bambuseae, and Olyreae—confirmed the monophyly of <em>Phyllostachys</em>, with a sister relationship between <em>P. aureosulcata</em> and <em>Phyllostachys propinqua</em> McClure. The chloroplast genome-based phylogeny also revealed a sister relationship between the tribes Bambuseae and Olyreae, with their shared node rooted by Arundinarie. The comprehensive analysis of chloroplast genomes provides valuable insights into the comparative genomics and phylogenetics of <em>Phyllostachys</em> and the Bambusoideae subfamily.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity","volume":"18 1","pages":"Pages 190-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.japb.2024.08.008
Nadeem Salam , Harvinder Kaur Sidhu , Shaheeda Shaban , Zafar A. Reshi , Manzoor A. Shah
The Hindu Kush Himalayan region has seen a faster pace of anthropogenic climate warming than the global average during the last 50 years. Since the 1980s this region has been experiencing intense climatic events, notably elevation-dependent warming. Given its unique evolutionary background, rich variety of species, and significant endemism, it is crucial to comprehend the effects of climate change on species distributions in this area. Of particular interest are the fungi, which have been the subject of much fewer studies on how they will respond to climate change, despite the fact that they may have a significant role in the functioning and stability of ecosystems. We therefore selected Ophiocordyceps sinensis an alpine fungus species for predicting the effects of climate change on its distribution in Hindu Kush Himalaya. Regarded as one of the most expensive natural resources used in oriental medicine, Ophiocordyceps and its surrounding habitats are under threat from various ecological and anthropogenic factors. We used species distribution modeling software Maxent 3.3.4 and a set of uncorrelated climatic (temperature and precipitation) and topographical (elevation, slope, and aspect) variables at a spatial resolution of 2.5 arc minutes to model the suitable habitats. To predict the future distribution of O. sinensis we used future climate data from BCCCSM2- HR global circulation model for three emission scenarios of the shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) (SSP126, SSP245 and SSP585). Maxent model predicted current and future habitats with high accuracy. Current potential distribution map of O. sinensis shows that high suitability areas occur in India, China, Nepal, and Bhutan. Prediction maps under all three scenarios showed a large reduction in suitable habitats as compared to current climatic conditions. Analysis of range change reveals that species exhibit both range expansion and range contraction under climate change scenarios. Range contraction is noticeably more than range expansion, causing an overall reduction in the suitable habitats occupied by O. sinensis. “Centroid Range Shift” analysis revealed potential suitable habitats will shift to the southwest direction under all future scenarios with almost overlapping centroids.
{"title":"Climate change scenarios predict reduction in suitable habitats and range shifts for Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Berk.) in Hindu Kush Himalaya","authors":"Nadeem Salam , Harvinder Kaur Sidhu , Shaheeda Shaban , Zafar A. Reshi , Manzoor A. Shah","doi":"10.1016/j.japb.2024.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japb.2024.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Hindu Kush Himalayan region has seen a faster pace of anthropogenic climate warming than the global average during the last 50 years. Since the 1980s this region has been experiencing intense climatic events, notably elevation-dependent warming. Given its unique evolutionary background, rich variety of species, and significant endemism, it is crucial to comprehend the effects of climate change on species distributions in this area. Of particular interest are the fungi, which have been the subject of much fewer studies on how they will respond to climate change, despite the fact that they may have a significant role in the functioning and stability of ecosystems. We therefore selected <em>Ophiocordyceps sinensis</em> an alpine fungus species for predicting the effects of climate change on its distribution in Hindu Kush Himalaya. Regarded as one of the most expensive natural resources used in oriental medicine, <em>Ophiocordyceps</em> and its surrounding habitats are under threat from various ecological and anthropogenic factors. We used species distribution modeling software Maxent 3.3.4 and a set of uncorrelated climatic (temperature and precipitation) and topographical (elevation, slope, and aspect) variables at a spatial resolution of 2.5 arc minutes to model the suitable habitats. To predict the future distribution of <em>O. sinensis</em> we used future climate data from BCCCSM2- HR global circulation model for three emission scenarios of the shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) (SSP126, SSP245 and SSP585). Maxent model predicted current and future habitats with high accuracy. Current potential distribution map of <em>O. sinensis</em> shows that high suitability areas occur in India, China, Nepal, and Bhutan. Prediction maps under all three scenarios showed a large reduction in suitable habitats as compared to current climatic conditions. Analysis of range change reveals that species exhibit both range expansion and range contraction under climate change scenarios. Range contraction is noticeably more than range expansion, causing an overall reduction in the suitable habitats occupied by <em>O. sinensis</em>. “Centroid Range Shift” analysis revealed potential suitable habitats will shift to the southwest direction under all future scenarios with almost overlapping centroids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity","volume":"18 1","pages":"Pages 144-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Climate change poses a potent and immediate threat to global biodiversity. Increasing global temperatures have severe effects on the ecological dynamics of organisms. While temperature is a key factor in influencing the phenology of organisms, other environmental factors also play crucial roles. Rhododendron arboreum Sm. (R. arboreum) is an important keystone species of the Himalayan ecosystems with several ecological and economic benefits. Here, we focus on the impact of various factors that influence the flowering phenology of R. arboreum in the North-Western Indian Himalayan region (Chakrata Forest Division, Uttarakhand). Compared with previous herbarium records, we observed a shift in the onset of blooming in R. arboreum. The results showed a significant association with age, elevation, slope aspect, and sunlight on the flowering phenology of the species. We infer that understanding the cumulative effect of biotic and abiotic parameters is crucial for understanding the species’ phenology. In light of the ongoing warming, this study has potential application by park managers in designing conservation strategies in the Himalaya, one of the least studied and most threatened biodiversity hotspots of the world.
{"title":"Effect of climate change on the flowering phenology of Rhododendron arboreum Sm. in the Western Himalaya","authors":"Nonita Rana , Kumar Manish , Maharaj Krishan Pandit","doi":"10.1016/j.japb.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japb.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change poses a potent and immediate threat to global biodiversity. Increasing global temperatures have severe effects on the ecological dynamics of organisms. While temperature is a key factor in influencing the phenology of organisms, other environmental factors also play crucial roles. <em>Rhododendron arboreum</em> Sm. (<em>R. arboreum</em>) is an important keystone species of the Himalayan ecosystems with several ecological and economic benefits. Here, we focus on the impact of various factors that influence the flowering phenology of <em>R. arboreum</em> in the North-Western Indian Himalayan region (Chakrata Forest Division, Uttarakhand). Compared with previous herbarium records, we observed a shift in the onset of blooming in <em>R. arboreum</em>. The results showed a significant association with age, elevation, slope aspect, and sunlight on the flowering phenology of the species. We infer that understanding the cumulative effect of biotic and abiotic parameters is crucial for understanding the species’ phenology. In light of the ongoing warming, this study has potential application by park managers in designing conservation strategies in the Himalaya, one of the least studied and most threatened biodiversity hotspots of the world.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity","volume":"18 1","pages":"Pages 197-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.japb.2024.09.009
Mark Arcebal K. Naive , Jeco Jed J. Ruales , Darlo Novo M. Beltran , Eddie P. Mondejar , Ralph Rj E. Rozano
During our continued expeditions in Mindanao Island of southern Philippines, a new species, Etlingera lacerata Naive, was discovered and is herein described and illustrated. Resembling Etlingera amomoides closely, it is easily distinguished by its turbinate spike with a tapering tip and a red labellum adorned with occasional white spots along the lacerate margin. This study includes a comprehensive species description, colored photographs, phenology, habitat details, geographical information, and a provisional conservation assessment for this new endemic Etlingera species. With this discovery, the total of known Etlingera species in the Philippines rises to 18, with 12 of them being endemic to the archipelago.
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