Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity最新文献

This study documents the presence of an exotic loricariid catfish species, Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus (Weber, 1991), in the Wainganga River of Maharashtra, India. Originally native to South America, sailfin catfish are now commonly used as ornamental fish beyond their natural habitat. The species was observed near Gosekhurd Dam (20°52'15"N and 79°37'00"E) along the Wainganga River. Two individual specimens were collected during the study, with an average total length (320.31-338.63 mm) and weight (500.21-540.31 g). The rapid expansion of these species and its potential impact on local fish populations and inland fishing resources have raised concerns. Immediate preventive measures are necessary to control the establishment and subsequent uncontrolled spread of P. disjunctivus, may be imminent which would be pose a threat to the freshwater biodiversity of the River Wainganga. Effective management strategies should be implemented to preserve the natural habitat of these species. This study provides the first documented occurrence of P. disjunctivus, a member of the Loricariidae, near the Gosekhurd dam on the Wainganga River in Maharashtra, India.

The genus Silvanoprus Reitter (Coleoptera: Silvanidae: Silvaninae) includes 20 known species worldwide, with 10 species in the Palearctic region and three species in Korea. In this study, two additional Korean species are recorded: Silvanoprus fagi (Guérin-Méneville), Silvanoprus longicollis (Reitter), and Silvanoprus scuticollis (Walker). Redescriptions and illustrations of habitus, diagnostic characters, a distribution map, and a key to the Korean Silvanoprus species are provided.

To date, three intertidal species of the genus Bembidion Latreille have been recorded in Korea. During a survey of ground beetles in coastal areas of Korea, an unrecorded species, Bembidion (Sakagutia) umi Sasakawa, was discovered at the mouth of Janggicheon River, Pohang-si, South Korea. Based on the record of B. umi, the subgenus Sakagutia is also recorded for the first time in Korea. Taxonomical and ecological notes on the newly recorded species as well as Korean intertidal-related subgenera and species of the genus Bembidion are presented.

A total of 73 species belonging to 30 genera of the family Nolidae are recognized in Korea. This study reports two additional Nolinae species, with a newly recorded genus Nanola László, Ronkay G, Witt, 2010. Additionally, a checklist and illustrations of adults and genitalia of newly recorded species are provided.

Arabis stelleri DC. and A. takesimana Nakai belong to the family Brassicaceae. Arabis stelleri is widely distributed in East Asia, and A. takesimana is a Korean endemic plant. In this study, we report the complete chloroplast genomes of both species, measuring 153,577 bp for A. stelleri and 153,557 bp for A. takesimana. The plastome of A. stelleri comprises two inverted repeats (IRs) of 26,421 bp, a large single-copy (LSC) region measuring 82,705 bp, and a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,030 bp. Whereas A. takesimana has IR regions of 26,426 bp, an LSC of 82,694 bp, and an SSC of 18,011 bp. Both the plastomes contain 131 total genes, 86 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 36.4% GC content. The organization and gene content of both plastomes were found to be similar to previously reported Arabis plastomes. In addition, we have tested the phylogenetic position of both the Arabis species and the relationship of the genus Arabis with other Brassicaceae members in comprehensive family-level plastome-based phylogeny. Arabis stelleri and A. takesimana are phylogenetically placed within the Arabis clade and show a close relationship to A. flagellosa, A. nipponica, A. paniculata, and A. hirsuta.

Five species of Eucosmini: Epinotia bushiensis Kawabe, 1980; Heleanna tokyoensis Nasu, 2007; Rhopobota symbolias (Meyrick, 1912); Spilonota melanocopa (Meyrick, 1912); and Zeiraphera hiroshii Kawabe, 1980, are reported for the first time from Korea. The former two are the species previously known only from the type country, Japan. Photographs of the external and genital features are provided for the species treated here.

Four new genera of the subtribe Puranina, Purapurana gen. nov., Philipurana gen. nov., Metapurana gen. nov., and Indopurana gen. nov., are described. Purana Distant, 1905 is redescribed accordingly. Many species so far in Purana are transferred to the new genera to have new combinations. Metapurana vesperalba (Boulard, 2009) comb. nov., syn. nov. is synonymized with Metapurana parvituberculata (Kos and Gogala, 2000) comb. nov. Paratanna Lee, 2012 is transferred to Leptosemiina Lee, 2013.

The unhatched eggs of the hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) are often found in the hatchery in Melaka, Malaysia, raising concerns if the eggs remain unfertilized. Examining unhatched eggs during post-emergence nest excavation could lead to eggs being mistakenly identified as unfertilized eggs due to the difficulty in differentiating between unfertilized eggs and early embryonic mortality. It is essential to determine the egg fertility of hawksbill turtles in Melaka before concluding that hatching failure is due to infertility. Egg fertility was determined using the white spot method conducted at the beginning of egg incubation on 50 clutches. Mean egg fertility was 85.9%, but the mean hatching success was significantly lower at 57.6% (mean emergence success was 56.8%). The results showed that egg fertility did not reflect hatching success and infertility was unlikely the cause of hatching failure. The huge number of undeveloped eggs may have been due to early embryonic death that went undetected at the end of incubation.

Only 3 species have been recorded in the subtribe Masoreina from Cambodia. This study provides preliminary keys to the genera and species from the Oriental region and reports 3 newly recorded species of this group from Cambodia. Due to the inadequate descriptions of this group, all species examined in this study are provided with redescriptions, including the male genitalia.

We de novo assembled and analysed the chloroplast genomes of Capsella bursa-pastoris, Descurainia sophia, and Lepidium apetalum of the plant family Brassicaceae. These chloroplast genomes exhibited a quadripartite structure characterised by inverted repeat regions (26,268–26,460 bp) separating large single copy (83,771–83,870 bp) and small single copy (17,570–18,014 bp) regions. Genetic analysis revealed 112 unique genes, comprising 78 protein-coding genes, 30 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 4 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Notably, phylogenetic analysis of 21 species revealed close relationships between C. bursa-pastoris and C. orientalis, D. sophia and D. erodiifolia, and L. apetalum and L. cordatum, with 100% bootstrap support. In conclusion, the analysis of these genomes will contribute to the growing knowledge of chloroplast genomes in the Brassicaceae family and of the specific genera Capsella, Descurainia, and Lepidium.