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Analysis and classification of Middle Palaeolithic lithic raw materials from Teixoneres cave: Project overview and initial resultss Teixoneres洞穴中旧石器时代中期石器原料的分析与分类:项目概述与初步成果
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i3.1494
Alicia Muñoz del Pozo, Bruno Gómez de Soler, Guillermo Bustos-Pérez, María Gema Chacón, Andrea Picin, Ruth Blasco, Florent Rivals, Anna Rufà, Jordi Rosell
In this work, we present a new project that seeks to characterize lithic raw materials and the first results from a macroscopic and microscopic study of the archaeological material from sub-unit IIIb of Teixoneres Cave (NE Iberian Peninsula). During the late Middle Palaeolithic (MIS 3), multidisciplinary research has defined this site underwent short-term occupations by Neanderthals interspersed with visits from carnivores. The project aims to determine the procurement areas of the archaeological lithic materials discovered into the site, exploring the Neanderthals’ use of the territory. In the near future, this information will be plotted on a lithological map, along with possible procurement areas, with the aim of developing a graphic and dynamic model that will make it possible to establish routes of displacement to the site, the outcrops, and the Neanderthals’ mobility in the territory.
在这项工作中,我们提出了一个新的项目,旨在表征石器原料,并从宏观和微观研究的考古材料从Teixoneres洞穴(东北伊比利亚半岛)IIIb亚单元的第一个结果。在中旧石器时代晚期(MIS 3),多学科研究确定该遗址经历了尼安德特人的短期占领,穿插着食肉动物的访问。该项目旨在确定在遗址中发现的考古石器材料的采购区域,探索尼安德特人对该领土的使用。在不久的将来,这些信息将与可能的采购区域一起绘制在岩性地图上,目的是开发一个图形和动态模型,从而可以建立到该地点的迁移路线,露头以及尼安德特人在该地区的流动性。
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引用次数: 0
Use of the k-nearest neighbour and its analysis for fall detection on Systems on a Chip for multiple datasets 基于多数据集的片上系统跌倒检测的k近邻及其分析
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i3.1489
Purab Nandi, K. R. Anupama, Himanish Agarwal, Arav Jain, Siddharth Paliwal
Fall of an elderly person often leads to serious injuries and death. Many falls occur in the home environment, and hence a reliable fall detection system that can raise alarms with minimum latency is a necessity. Wrist-worn accelerometer-based fall detection systems and multiple datasets are available, but no attempt has been made to analyze the accuracy and precision. Wherever the comparison does exist, it has been run on a cloud. No analysis of the models, convergence, and dataset analysis on Systems on a Chip (SoCs) has ever been attempted. In this paper, we attempt to present why Machine Learning (ML) algorithms in their current state cannot be run on existing SoCs. We have used Snapdragon 410c SoC to do our analytics. In this paper, we have used the kth-nearest neighbour to prove that ML cannot be directly run on SoCs. We have looked at the effect of distance metrics and neighbors as well as the effect of feature extraction on the accuracies and the latencies. In this paper, we establish the need for model compression and data pruning for fall detection using ML/Deep Learning algorithms on SoCs. We have done this by analyzing various datasets on varying architectural parameters.
老年人跌倒常常导致严重的伤害和死亡。许多跌倒发生在家庭环境中,因此需要一个可靠的跌倒检测系统,可以以最小的延迟发出警报。基于腕带加速度计的跌倒检测系统和多个数据集是可用的,但没有尝试分析准确性和精度。无论在哪里存在比较,它都是在云上运行的。从未有人尝试过对片上系统(soc)的模型、收敛和数据集分析进行分析。在本文中,我们试图说明为什么机器学习(ML)算法在当前状态下不能在现有的soc上运行。我们使用骁龙410c SoC来进行分析。在本文中,我们使用了第k近邻来证明ML不能直接在soc上运行。我们研究了距离度量和邻居的影响,以及特征提取对精度和延迟的影响。在本文中,我们建立了在soc上使用ML/深度学习算法进行跌落检测的模型压缩和数据修剪的需求。我们通过分析不同架构参数上的各种数据集来做到这一点。
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引用次数: 1
On the mythic sound of vacuum tubes 关于真空管的神秘声音
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i3.1524
Jean-Pierre Fanton
Vacuum tube audio preamplifiers have recently found renewed interest. This study recalls the main requirements that this type of equipment must meet, and analyzes an example. The experimental approach followed to measure performances is described. These performances are exposed, and the associated uncertainties are determined. The reviewed example meets the advertised specifications.
真空管音频前置放大器最近重新引起了人们的兴趣。本文回顾了该类设备必须满足的主要要求,并对实例进行了分析。描述了测量性能的实验方法。暴露这些性能,并确定相关的不确定性。审查的示例符合所宣传的规格。
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引用次数: 1
ADC low-complexity modelling identification and mitigation of baseband intermodulation distortion with instantaneous frequency dependence 具有瞬时频率依赖性的ADC低复杂度建模、基带互调失真识别与缓解
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-09-11 DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i3.1444
Stanislas Dubois, Bruno Lelong, Jean-Michel Hodé, Guillaume Ferré, Dominique Dallet
The linearization of active electronic components such as power amplifier or analog-to-digital-converter (ADC), is a vast subject. Many issues come into play, including behavioural modelling with the selection of a relevant model in terms of accuracy, complexity, identification, and compensation. In this paper we consider an ADC linearization problem, we propose an original low-complexity modelling identification and mitigation of baseband intermodulation distortion with instantaneous frequency dependence. Thus, we introduce a refinement of a power series model by adding a dependence on the variation of the instantaneous frequency of the signal. Based on this, we describe a method suitable for the model calibration using a two-tone signal. We finally present a measurement bench adapted to the calibration of the coefficients of the model, followed by some results of linearization. All the methods presented are intended to be operated in real time in embedded systems and are therefore studied to present very low computational complexities.
有源电子元件的线性化,如功率放大器或模数转换器(ADC),是一个广泛的课题。许多问题开始发挥作用,包括行为建模与选择相关模型的准确性,复杂性,识别和补偿。在本文中,我们考虑了一个ADC线性化问题,我们提出了一个原始的低复杂度建模,识别和缓解基带互调失真与瞬时频率相关。因此,我们通过增加对信号瞬时频率变化的依赖来引入幂级数模型的改进。在此基础上,提出了一种适用于双音信号模型标定的方法。最后给出了一个适合于校正模型系数的测量平台,并给出了一些线性化的结果。所提出的所有方法都旨在在嵌入式系统中实时操作,因此研究的计算复杂性非常低。
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引用次数: 1
Experimentation of a PVA-Borax hydrogel for the removal of Paraloid B72® from artifacts of archaeological interest from the National Archaeological Museum in Naples, Italy pva -硼砂水凝胶去除意大利那不勒斯国家考古博物馆考古文物中仿B72®的实验
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i3.1501
Annarita Altobelli, Paola Cennamo, Giorgio Trojsi, Maria Rosaria Barone Lumaga, Andrea Carpentieri, Giancarlo Fatigati
This paper shows the results of an experimentation aimed at the removal of a polymeric film of aged Paraloid B72® originally placed to protect some wooden artifacts belonging to the Egyptian collection of the National Archaeological Museum of Naples (MANN). The study was conducted on two shabtis dated to the 19th Dynasty and a sculpture of Ptah-Sokar-Osiris dating to the late period. Thanks to the collaboration between the National Archaeological Museum of Naples and the Laboratory of Restoration of Wooden Artifacts of the University of Naples Suor Orsola Benincasa, it was possible to conduct an in-depth study of the artifacts, from both an archaeological-historical point of view and from a conservation point of view. This led to the development of the above-mentioned experimentation and to the planning of a proper restoration intervention. The study and experimentation were supported by several diagnostic techniques. In a first stage, non-invasive investigations were carried out to study the execution technique and the state of conservation of the artifacts. This allowed the recognition of the wood species that constituted the three sculptures through optical microscopy, whereas IR reflectography, UV induced fluorescence and X-ray radiation (XRF) were conducted to identify the type and the chemical nature of the pigments. Based on the above analysis, different restoration strategies, based on the removal of Paraloid B72® through a methodology that would act in full respect of the wooden support of the artifacts, were considered. Pros and cons of the different methodologies applied in the recent past for the removal of aged Paraloid from artifact surfaces were analysed. A removal technique based on the use PVA-Borax hydrogel loaded with a solvent mixture was selected. Experiments were conducted to validate the effectiveness of the selected method.
本文展示了一项实验的结果,该实验旨在去除旧的Paraloid B72®聚合物膜,该膜最初用于保护属于那不勒斯国家考古博物馆(MANN)埃及收藏的一些木制文物。这项研究是对两个可追溯到19王朝的沙巴提和一个可追溯到晚期的Ptah-Sokar-Osiris雕塑进行的。由于那不勒斯国家考古博物馆和那不勒斯大学Suor Orsola Benincasa木制文物修复实验室之间的合作,有可能从考古历史的角度和保护的角度对这些文物进行深入研究。这导致了上述实验的发展和适当修复干预的规划。该研究和实验得到了几种诊断技术的支持。在第一阶段,进行了非侵入性调查,研究了文物的执行技术和保存状态。这使得通过光学显微镜可以识别构成三个雕塑的木材种类,而红外反射成像,紫外线诱导荧光和x射线辐射(XRF)则可以识别颜料的类型和化学性质。基于上述分析,我们考虑了不同的修复策略,基于移除Paraloid B72®的方法,该方法将充分尊重文物的木制支撑。分析了近年来用于从人工制品表面去除老化的副曲面的不同方法的优缺点。选择了聚乙烯醇-硼砂水凝胶负载溶剂混合物的脱除技术。通过实验验证了所选方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
A Virtual Reality application for the exploration of a modern shipwreck: the case study of the Christoforos wreck 探索现代沉船的虚拟现实应用:以克里斯托弗罗斯号沉船为例
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i3.1506
Matteo Collina, Antonio Lagudi, Fabio Bruno, Vincenzo Cosentino, Raffaele Peluso, Anastasios Ktistis, Angelos Manglis
The paper presents the development of a Virtual Reality (VR) application to perform dives in the Christoforos Shipwreck. The huge wreck lies in the Panormos Bay of Skopelos island (Greece) at a depth of 45 meters. Based on a well-known methodology designed for ancient shipwrecks, the 3D reconstruction of the underwater site has been carried out by adjusting the workflow to survey modern shipwrecks. In particular, the methodology, based on photogrammetry, is capable to provide a highly detailed 3D reconstruction of the shipwreck in a few dives, considering issues like working depth, elevations, and thin elements modelling. Moreover, the paper describes the optimization of the 3D model and the software to be executed in low-performance Head Mounted Display (HMD) devices. The resulting VR application, realized for touristic purposes, recreates the exact ambient conditions inside and outside the water simulating the flora and fauna of the place, the coastline, allowing users to live a recreational and educational experience by virtual diving in the underwater site.
本文介绍了一种虚拟现实(VR)应用程序的开发,用于在克里斯托弗罗斯沉船中进行潜水。这艘巨大的沉船位于希腊斯科佩洛斯岛的帕诺尔莫斯湾,水深45米。基于一种著名的古代沉船研究方法,通过调整工作流程对现代沉船进行水下遗址的三维重建。特别是,该方法基于摄影测量,能够在几次潜水中提供非常详细的沉船3D重建,考虑到工作深度,海拔和薄元素建模等问题。此外,本文还介绍了在低性能头戴式显示器(HMD)设备上执行的3D模型和软件的优化。由此产生的VR应用程序,为旅游目的而实现,再现了水内外的确切环境条件,模拟了该地区的动植物,海岸线,允许用户通过虚拟潜水在水下现场生活娱乐和教育体验。
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引用次数: 1
Recent advancements and perspectives of INRiM’s time-dependent Josephson voltage standards INRiM时间相关约瑟夫森电压标准的最新进展与展望
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i3.1436
Paolo Durandetto, Danilo Serazio, Andrea Sosso
Quantum voltage standards based on ac Josephson effect have been used in metrology since a few years after the discovery of the physical phenomenon. The role of quantum standards is now crucial following the SI redefinition in 2019: electrical units are today defined in terms of the fundamental constants e (elementary charge) and h (Planck’s constant). The extremely low uncertainty in dc measurements, that can be lower than 1 nV/V at 10 V, is stimulating research to extend application to ac and signals arbitrarily changing with time. Approaching the dc accuracy is challenging, however. The two main technologies used for the generation of non-steady voltage signals are programmable and pulsed Josephson junction arrays. In this work we discuss the main advancements obtained at the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRiM) with both technologies, and the most recent developments taking advantage of He-free device cooling techniques.
基于交流约瑟夫森效应的量子电压标准在发现这一物理现象后的几年里被用于计量。继2019年国际单位制重新定义之后,量子标准的作用现在变得至关重要:如今,电学单位是根据基本常数e(基本电荷)和h(普朗克常数)定义的。直流测量的不确定度极低,在10v时可低于1nv /V,这刺激了将应用扩展到交流和随时间任意变化的信号的研究。然而,接近直流精度是具有挑战性的。用于产生非稳态电压信号的两种主要技术是可编程和脉冲约瑟夫森结阵列。在这项工作中,我们讨论了意大利国家计量研究所(INRiM)在这两项技术上取得的主要进展,以及利用无he器件冷却技术的最新发展。
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引用次数: 1
The evaluation of main results of the RMO Key and Supplementary comparisons for electrical power and energy 电力和能源RMO的主要结果评价与补充比较
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i3.1441
Oleh Velychko, Tetyana Gordiyenko
To overcome technical barriers in trade between countries, special international agreements on mutual recognition (MRA) of measurement results play an important role. National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) and Designated Institutes (DIs) play a major role in the implementation of these agreements. NMI and DI standards periodically participate in international comparisons to establish their equivalence to other similar standards. A comparative analysis of the results of NMI/DI participants of COOMET.EM-K5 of alternating current active power and GULFMET.EM-S5 of alternating current active and reactive energy comparisons, both in terms of regional and metrological traceability for Regional Metrology Organizations, was carried out. This analysis is related to the need to minimize the cost of NMIs/DIs in order to achieve the required metrological traceability, taking into account the geographical location of the leading NMIs. For checking consistency of these comparisons data ware used En number and z scores. The results for all participants of the comparisons are satisfactory both for En number and z scores.
为了克服国家间贸易中的技术性壁垒,测量结果相互承认的特殊国际协定(MRA)发挥了重要作用。国家计量研究所(NMIs)和指定研究所(DIs)在执行这些协议方面发挥着重要作用。NMI和DI标准定期参与国际比较,以确定其与其他类似标准的等价性。COOMET NMI/DI参与者结果的比较分析。交流有功功率和GULFMET的EM-K5。在区域计量组织的区域溯源性和计量溯源性方面,进行了交流有功和无功能量比较的EM-S5。这一分析与最小化nmi / di成本的需求有关,以实现所需的计量可追溯性,同时考虑到领先nmi的地理位置。为了检验这些比较数据的一致性,我们使用了En数和z分数。所有参与者的比较结果在En数和z分数上都是令人满意的。
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引用次数: 1
MobiLithics: Fingerprinting the exploitation of lithic resources during the Upper Pleistocene 移动学:上更新世时期岩石资源开发的指纹图谱
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i3.1478
María Soto, Juan Morales, Hassan Aouraghe, Robert Sala-Ramos, M. Gema Chacón
MobiLithics is a multiscalar project aimed at characterizing the lithic resources exploitation and territorial adaptive responses among the last Homo neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens to different climatic, cultural, and biological dynamics. The project focuses on the Middle-to-Later Stone Age, in North Africa, and the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic Transition in the Mediterranean basin of the Iberian Peninsula, as key scenarios for the origin and expansion of our species. Results on geospatial modelling, petrographic and geochemical analyses, and multivariate statistics and predictive models determine the variability on resource procurement and territorial structure. These will contribute to the international debate on the adaptability of our species to different palaeoenvironments, sociocultural realities, and changing climatic conditions.
MobiLithics是一个多尺度项目,旨在描述最后的尼安德塔人和智人对不同气候、文化和生物动态的石器资源开发和领土适应反应。该项目将重点放在北非的中晚期石器时代,以及伊比利亚半岛地中海盆地的中晚期旧石器时代过渡时期,作为人类物种起源和扩张的关键场景。地理空间建模、岩石学和地球化学分析、多元统计和预测模型的结果决定了资源获取和领土结构的变异性。这些将有助于国际上关于人类对不同古环境、社会文化现实和不断变化的气候条件的适应性的辩论。
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引用次数: 1
Preliminary archaeometric analysis on a marble bas-relief of unknown origin 来源不明的大理石浅浮雕的初步考古分析
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i3.1466
Maria Pia Albanese, Luciana Randazzo, Mauro F. La Russa, Armando Taliano Grasso, Maurizio Paoletti, Michela Ricca
This paper addresses an archaeometric study of a marble bas-relief seized by the Cosenza Carabinieri Unit for the Protection of Cultural Heritage and Anti-Counterfeiting (Calabria, Italy). The research aimed to collect data on the authenticity of the artwork, providing indications about the compositional features of the sampled materials. An analytical approach based on the use of SEM-EDX and FT-IR techniques along with a stylistic evaluation of the artwork, allowed us to answer the requests posed by the institutions and to set the work in a different historical context from the Roman production.
本文论述了由意大利卡拉布里亚保护文化遗产和防伪科森扎宪兵部队(Cosenza Carabinieri Unit)扣押的大理石浅浮雕的考古研究。该研究旨在收集有关艺术品真实性的数据,提供有关采样材料组成特征的指示。基于SEM-EDX和FT-IR技术的分析方法以及对艺术品的风格评估,使我们能够回答机构提出的要求,并将作品置于与罗马生产不同的历史背景中。
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引用次数: 1
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