Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1692
Mayra Gomez, R. Cimmino, Dario Rossi, G. Zullo, G. Campanile, Gianluca Neglia, Stefano Biffani
Genetic evaluation in the Italian Mediterranean Buffalo (IMB) traditionally relied on the BLUP method (best linear unbiased predictor), a mixed model system incorporating both random and fixed effects simultaneously. However, recent advancements in genome sequencing technologies have opened up the opportunity to incorporate genomic information into genetic evaluations. The ssGBLUP (single-step best linear unbiased predictor) has become the method par excellence. It replaces the traditional relationship matrix with one that combines pedigree and genomic relationships, allowing for the estimation of genetic values for non-genotyped animals. The findings of this study highlight how genomic selection enhances the precision of breeding values, facilitates greater genetic advancement and reduces the generation interval, ultimately enabling a rapid return on investment.
{"title":"The present of Italian Mediterranean buffalo: precision breeding based on multi-omics data","authors":"Mayra Gomez, R. Cimmino, Dario Rossi, G. Zullo, G. Campanile, Gianluca Neglia, Stefano Biffani","doi":"10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1692","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic evaluation in the Italian Mediterranean Buffalo (IMB) traditionally relied on the BLUP method (best linear unbiased predictor), a mixed model system incorporating both random and fixed effects simultaneously. However, recent advancements in genome sequencing technologies have opened up the opportunity to incorporate genomic information into genetic evaluations. The ssGBLUP (single-step best linear unbiased predictor) has become the method par excellence. It replaces the traditional relationship matrix with one that combines pedigree and genomic relationships, allowing for the estimation of genetic values for non-genotyped animals. The findings of this study highlight how genomic selection enhances the precision of breeding values, facilitates greater genetic advancement and reduces the generation interval, ultimately enabling a rapid return on investment.","PeriodicalId":37987,"journal":{"name":"Acta IMEKO","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139186249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1690
M. Sannino, Vincenzo Topa, Rossella Piscopo, Salvatore Faugno
Rational heifer management in buffalo rearing is of paramount importance. There are no studies in the literature dealing with automatic feeding in individual boxes for buffalo calves. This study aims to deepen knowledge in this area and to evaluate the ability of buffalo calves to adapt to a mobile automatic feeder through data provided by the system's monitoring software. Data were collected on 3 different groups of 15 buffalo calves in succession with each other. The data on the daily feeding quantity and volume showed that 95.67 % of the calves were fed within the first day of stall in the automatic feeder. During the first 72 h in the calf house, the calves were fed from 2.49 ± 1.21 meals per day with an average feeding rate of 0.24 ± 0.06 L/min. The average daily milk intake was 3.57 ± 0.26 L/d, while the average milk intake during the first 72 h was 10.7 ± 0.77 L. The buffalo calves, therefore, showed themselves to be able to adapt to this type of feeding, making use of its advantages.
{"title":"Adaptation of buffalo calves to a new automatic milk feeder","authors":"M. Sannino, Vincenzo Topa, Rossella Piscopo, Salvatore Faugno","doi":"10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1690","url":null,"abstract":"Rational heifer management in buffalo rearing is of paramount importance. There are no studies in the literature dealing with automatic feeding in individual boxes for buffalo calves. This study aims to deepen knowledge in this area and to evaluate the ability of buffalo calves to adapt to a mobile automatic feeder through data provided by the system's monitoring software. Data were collected on 3 different groups of 15 buffalo calves in succession with each other. The data on the daily feeding quantity and volume showed that 95.67 % of the calves were fed within the first day of stall in the automatic feeder. During the first 72 h in the calf house, the calves were fed from 2.49 ± 1.21 meals per day with an average feeding rate of 0.24 ± 0.06 L/min. The average daily milk intake was 3.57 ± 0.26 L/d, while the average milk intake during the first 72 h was 10.7 ± 0.77 L. The buffalo calves, therefore, showed themselves to be able to adapt to this type of feeding, making use of its advantages.","PeriodicalId":37987,"journal":{"name":"Acta IMEKO","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139186510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1592
Jheklos Gomes da Silva, Ricardo André Cavalcante de Souza, Obionor De Oliveira Nobrega
Water temperature in rivers and reservoirs plays a crucial role in aquatic ecology, as inadequate conditions can promote the overgrowth of harmful algae and bacteria, resulting in the production of harmful toxins for human and animal health, and affecting water quality. To effectively manage water resources, continuous monitoring of these bodies is crucial. However, existing technological devices rarely offer continuous and real-time data collection, necessitating an alternative approach. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of four machine learning models (Linear Regression, Stochastic Model, Extra Tree, and Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network) in estimating water temperature in Pernambuco, Brazil's rivers and reservoirs. Statistical metrics showed that all models achieved a satisfactory capacity, with the Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network demonstrating slightly superior performance in reservoirs and rivers where it obtained the best result with a Mean Squared Error: 0.343, Root Mean Squared Error: 0.585, Mean Absolute Error: 0.445 and Coefficient of Determination: 0.595. Consequently, the MLPNN model was chosen for the development of virtual sensors. In addition to an interface that allows users to access a map and obtain estimated water temperature information for various locations, facilitating informed decision-making and resource management.
{"title":"Machine learning models applied to estimate the water temperature of rivers and reservoirs","authors":"Jheklos Gomes da Silva, Ricardo André Cavalcante de Souza, Obionor De Oliveira Nobrega","doi":"10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1592","url":null,"abstract":"Water temperature in rivers and reservoirs plays a crucial role in aquatic ecology, as inadequate conditions can promote the overgrowth of harmful algae and bacteria, resulting in the production of harmful toxins for human and animal health, and affecting water quality. To effectively manage water resources, continuous monitoring of these bodies is crucial. However, existing technological devices rarely offer continuous and real-time data collection, necessitating an alternative approach. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of four machine learning models (Linear Regression, Stochastic Model, Extra Tree, and Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network) in estimating water temperature in Pernambuco, Brazil's rivers and reservoirs. Statistical metrics showed that all models achieved a satisfactory capacity, with the Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network demonstrating slightly superior performance in reservoirs and rivers where it obtained the best result with a Mean Squared Error: 0.343, Root Mean Squared Error: 0.585, Mean Absolute Error: 0.445 and Coefficient of Determination: 0.595. Consequently, the MLPNN model was chosen for the development of virtual sensors. In addition to an interface that allows users to access a map and obtain estimated water temperature information for various locations, facilitating informed decision-making and resource management.","PeriodicalId":37987,"journal":{"name":"Acta IMEKO","volume":"97 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139186761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1504
Andrea Smeriglio, R. Filosa, M. C. Crocco, Vincenzo Formoso, R. Barberi, Andrea Solano, Maria Cerzoso, Annalisa Polosa, Valerio Cerrone, R. Agostino
Thirteen of a group of thirty Roman coins, found in the so-called “Grotta delle Ninfe” near Cerchiara di Calabria (Calabria, Italy) and preserved in the Brettii and Enotri Museum showcase in Cosenza (Calabria, Italy) have been under archaeometric investigation. The coins have followed a degradation process due to the sulphurous water source near the discovery site. Due to a thick layer of corrosion products, the inscriptions are entirely unreadable. This paper aims to know the constituent material and find hidden signs or inscriptions on the coins using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray microtomography (μ-CT). Employing the X-ray μ-CT, we made some inscriptions readable, and through a numismatic study, we learned the provenance of the coins and their period of manufacture.
在 Cerchiara di Calabria（意大利卡拉布里亚）附近的所谓 "Grotta delle Ninfe "发现了一组 30 枚罗马硬币，其中 13 枚保存在科森扎（意大利卡拉布里亚）的 Brettii 和 Enotri 博物馆展柜中，目前正在对这些硬币进行考古调查。由于发现地点附近的水源含硫，这些钱币经历了一个降解过程。由于有一层厚厚的腐蚀产物，铭文完全无法辨认。本文旨在利用 X 射线荧光 (XRF) 和 X 射线微层析成像 (μ-CT)，了解钱币的组成材料，并找出钱币上隐藏的标志或铭文。利用 X 射线 μ-CT 技术，我们读出了一些铭文，并通过钱币学研究了解了钱币的来源和制造年代。
{"title":"A numismatic study of Roman coins through X-ray fluorescence and X-ray computed μ-tomography analysis","authors":"Andrea Smeriglio, R. Filosa, M. C. Crocco, Vincenzo Formoso, R. Barberi, Andrea Solano, Maria Cerzoso, Annalisa Polosa, Valerio Cerrone, R. Agostino","doi":"10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1504","url":null,"abstract":"Thirteen of a group of thirty Roman coins, found in the so-called “Grotta delle Ninfe” near Cerchiara di Calabria (Calabria, Italy) and preserved in the Brettii and Enotri Museum showcase in Cosenza (Calabria, Italy) have been under archaeometric investigation. The coins have followed a degradation process due to the sulphurous water source near the discovery site. Due to a thick layer of corrosion products, the inscriptions are entirely unreadable. This paper aims to know the constituent material and find hidden signs or inscriptions on the coins using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray microtomography (μ-CT). Employing the X-ray μ-CT, we made some inscriptions readable, and through a numismatic study, we learned the provenance of the coins and their period of manufacture.","PeriodicalId":37987,"journal":{"name":"Acta IMEKO","volume":"57 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139187136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1520
Sabrina Pagano, C. Germinario, M. Mercurio, C. Grifa
A first overview on the ancient pigments used in Campania region was carried out from some study on ancient wall paintings located both in residential and funerary contexts. The technological skills in the individual use or mixing of pigments from the ancient painters is related to four archaeological contexts of Campania region, dated back from the 6th century BCE to the 1st century CE. The pigments were analysed by means of in–situ spectroscopic techniques and micro–destructive laboratory analyses. The multi–analytical approach revealed the use of pure (natural and synthetic) pigments and some admixtures, created by the ancient painters to obtain assorted colour shades. The same mixtures were found in different chronological contexts and made by a different manufacturer, suggesting an evident transmission of technological knowledge over time.
{"title":"Pigments of the Campania region (Italy): a first overview for ancient wall paintings","authors":"Sabrina Pagano, C. Germinario, M. Mercurio, C. Grifa","doi":"10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1520","url":null,"abstract":"A first overview on the ancient pigments used in Campania region was carried out from some study on ancient wall paintings located both in residential and funerary contexts. The technological skills in the individual use or mixing of pigments from the ancient painters is related to four archaeological contexts of Campania region, dated back from the 6th century BCE to the 1st century CE. The pigments were analysed by means of in–situ spectroscopic techniques and micro–destructive laboratory analyses. The multi–analytical approach revealed the use of pure (natural and synthetic) pigments and some admixtures, created by the ancient painters to obtain assorted colour shades. The same mixtures were found in different chronological contexts and made by a different manufacturer, suggesting an evident transmission of technological knowledge over time.","PeriodicalId":37987,"journal":{"name":"Acta IMEKO","volume":"57 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139187134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-03DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1481
Roberta Somma, M. Interdonato, Antonella Cinzia Marra, Rosanna Maniscalco, G. Paladini, Francesco Caridi, Sebastiano Ettore Spoto, Valentina Venuti
The geoheritage housed in the historical collections of the University of Messina dates back to the 1880s. These historical collections comprise a thousand specimens of minerals, gemstones, ores, rocks, and macro- to microfossils. Most of them are provided of scientific, didactic, and cultural values and consequently have to be preserved and enhanced for future generations. Their restoration and cataloging are necessary activities to make this geoscientific naturalist heritage accessible to scientists, students, tourists, and citizens worldwide. The present research reports the description of the geological heritage of the main collections housed at the University of Messina, and the results of the activities and methods carried out for the characterization of geological materials of uncertain classification or composition. The optical observations at the stereomicroscope and by Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), in tandem with µ-Raman analyses on geomaterials allowed to ascertain the authenticity of suspect specimens, pointing out that such methodologies provide a useful and fast approach to properly discriminate between real and fake geomaterials.
{"title":"The geological heritage of the historical collections of the University of Messina","authors":"Roberta Somma, M. Interdonato, Antonella Cinzia Marra, Rosanna Maniscalco, G. Paladini, Francesco Caridi, Sebastiano Ettore Spoto, Valentina Venuti","doi":"10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1481","url":null,"abstract":"The geoheritage housed in the historical collections of the University of Messina dates back to the 1880s. These historical collections comprise a thousand specimens of minerals, gemstones, ores, rocks, and macro- to microfossils. Most of them are provided of scientific, didactic, and cultural values and consequently have to be preserved and enhanced for future generations. Their restoration and cataloging are necessary activities to make this geoscientific naturalist heritage accessible to scientists, students, tourists, and citizens worldwide. The present research reports the description of the geological heritage of the main collections housed at the University of Messina, and the results of the activities and methods carried out for the characterization of geological materials of uncertain classification or composition. The optical observations at the stereomicroscope and by Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), in tandem with µ-Raman analyses on geomaterials allowed to ascertain the authenticity of suspect specimens, pointing out that such methodologies provide a useful and fast approach to properly discriminate between real and fake geomaterials.","PeriodicalId":37987,"journal":{"name":"Acta IMEKO","volume":"25 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139187337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-29DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1586
O. Samoilenko, S. Tsiporenko
A new scheme for the traceability ensuring, called the Metrological Measurements Network, was proposed. It is not an alternative to the existing scheme but is only another form of implementation of the traceability scheme. It is about the main principle of construction of the Metrological Measurements Network and its advantages over the existing scheme. The main reason is that each laboratory calibrates its own object for measurement using its measurement standard and sends it for calibration to a laboratory-participant and, almost simultaneously, receives a similar object from another laboratory-participant that calibrated it. If each participant, at the same time as the others, makes at least four such calibrations and transfers between laboratories-participants, it will form a common and very precise Metrological Measurement Network in a very short time. It can cover hundreds and even thousands of laboratories in a short period of time. The joint processing of a large number of such measurements will help to define the additive and/or multiplicative biases of each measurement standards. Moreover, the reference conditions are imposed that the sum of additive and, separately, the sum of multiplicative biases for all measurement standards is equal to zero regardless of the number of network participants.
{"title":"Traceability ensuring by organizing the Metrological Measurements Network","authors":"O. Samoilenko, S. Tsiporenko","doi":"10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1586","url":null,"abstract":"A new scheme for the traceability ensuring, called the Metrological Measurements Network, was proposed. It is not an alternative to the existing scheme but is only another form of implementation of the traceability scheme. It is about the main principle of construction of the Metrological Measurements Network and its advantages over the existing scheme. The main reason is that each laboratory calibrates its own object for measurement using its measurement standard and sends it for calibration to a laboratory-participant and, almost simultaneously, receives a similar object from another laboratory-participant that calibrated it. If each participant, at the same time as the others, makes at least four such calibrations and transfers between laboratories-participants, it will form a common and very precise Metrological Measurement Network in a very short time. It can cover hundreds and even thousands of laboratories in a short period of time. The joint processing of a large number of such measurements will help to define the additive and/or multiplicative biases of each measurement standards. Moreover, the reference conditions are imposed that the sum of additive and, separately, the sum of multiplicative biases for all measurement standards is equal to zero regardless of the number of network participants.","PeriodicalId":37987,"journal":{"name":"Acta IMEKO","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139209297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-27DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1560
Jacopo Crezzini, Massimo Tarantini, Maria Chiara Bettini
The Tumulus of Montefortini is an Etruscan tomb located in Carmignano (Central Italy), which is believed to date from the 7th century BC. The tumulus is an oval burial mound 80 metres long and 11 metres high, which houses two tombs. More than 10,000 ivory fragments, that were likely part of a rich grave good, were recovered from this site. The main raw material exploited was probably the proboscidean dentine given the presence of the "Schreger lines" on the surfaces of many specimens. In this work we analyzed a sample of this archaeological assemblage using a 3D digital microscope. This noninvasive procedure allowed to investigate the main micromorphological and micromorphometrical features of the proboscidean dentine in a relatively brief time, preserving the integrity of the archaeological finds. Unexpected results regarding to the Schreger structure were obtained from this analysis. Data collected in the present work will be useful to evaluate, through further analysis of the examined sample, the accuracy and reliability of the 3D digital microscopy in the characterization of the proboscidean taxa exploited in the past.
{"title":"Analysis of the ivory remains from the Etruscan tumulus of Carmignano (Central Italy) using 3D digital microscopy","authors":"Jacopo Crezzini, Massimo Tarantini, Maria Chiara Bettini","doi":"10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1560","url":null,"abstract":"The Tumulus of Montefortini is an Etruscan tomb located in Carmignano (Central Italy), which is believed to date from the 7th century BC. The tumulus is an oval burial mound 80 metres long and 11 metres high, which houses two tombs. More than 10,000 ivory fragments, that were likely part of a rich grave good, were recovered from this site. The main raw material exploited was probably the proboscidean dentine given the presence of the \"Schreger lines\" on the surfaces of many specimens. In this work we analyzed a sample of this archaeological assemblage using a 3D digital microscope. This noninvasive procedure allowed to investigate the main micromorphological and micromorphometrical features of the proboscidean dentine in a relatively brief time, preserving the integrity of the archaeological finds. Unexpected results regarding to the Schreger structure were obtained from this analysis. Data collected in the present work will be useful to evaluate, through further analysis of the examined sample, the accuracy and reliability of the 3D digital microscopy in the characterization of the proboscidean taxa exploited in the past.","PeriodicalId":37987,"journal":{"name":"Acta IMEKO","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139232526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-24DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1602
Alessandro Ferrero, Harsha Vardhana Jetti, Sina Ronaghi, S. Salicone
According to the standards, decision-making procedures generally consider both a threshold that should not be exceeded and the measurement uncertainty that is associated to the measurement result. However, the general indications given in the Standards, in their examples, refer to the particular case when the measurand distributes according to a normal PDF. But a generalization to other cases is not considered and is not straightforward. In a previous paper, the Authors proposed a decision-making procedure which not only considers the measurement uncertainty and the threshold, but also considers a Maximum Admissible Risk. The proposed procedure leads to decisions taken with a risk of a wrong decision lower than the given Maximum Admissible Risk. In particular, closed-form formulas were derived under specific assumptions for the distributions of the measured values. Hence, the aim of this paper is to generalize the proposed decision rule and method for setting acceptance and rejection limits, by applying the Monte-Carlo method. In this way, it can be generally applied, even when the distribution associated to the measurement result is not a priori known in closed form.
根据标准，决策程序一般既要考虑不应超过的阈值，又要考虑与测量结果相关的测量不确定度。然而，标准中的示例所给出的一般指示是指测量值按照正态 PDF 分布的特殊情况。但对其他情况的概括却没有考虑，也不直接。在之前的一篇论文中，作者提出了一种决策程序，该程序不仅考虑了测量不确定性和阈值，还考虑了最大容许风险。所提出的程序可使决策失误的风险低于给定的最大可接受风险。特别是，在测量值分布的特定假设下，得出了闭式公式。因此，本文的目的是通过应用蒙特卡洛方法，对所提出的决策规则和设定接受和拒绝限值的方法进行概括。这样，即使与测量结果相关的分布不是先验已知的封闭形式，也能普遍应用。
{"title":"A general Monte-Carlo approach to consider a maximum admissible risk in decision-making procedures based on measurement results","authors":"Alessandro Ferrero, Harsha Vardhana Jetti, Sina Ronaghi, S. Salicone","doi":"10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1602","url":null,"abstract":"According to the standards, decision-making procedures generally consider both a threshold that should not be exceeded and the measurement uncertainty that is associated to the measurement result. However, the general indications given in the Standards, in their examples, refer to the particular case when the measurand distributes according to a normal PDF. But a generalization to other cases is not considered and is not straightforward. In a previous paper, the Authors proposed a decision-making procedure which not only considers the measurement uncertainty and the threshold, but also considers a Maximum Admissible Risk. The proposed procedure leads to decisions taken with a risk of a wrong decision lower than the given Maximum Admissible Risk. In particular, closed-form formulas were derived under specific assumptions for the distributions of the measured values. Hence, the aim of this paper is to generalize the proposed decision rule and method for setting acceptance and rejection limits, by applying the Monte-Carlo method. In this way, it can be generally applied, even when the distribution associated to the measurement result is not a priori known in closed form.","PeriodicalId":37987,"journal":{"name":"Acta IMEKO","volume":"7 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139241747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-24DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1539
M. Rossini, A. Falcucci, C. Dominici, A. Ronchitelli, Antonin Tomasso, Francesco Boschin
In this paper, we apply a two-dimensional (2D) Geometric morphometric analysis to a sample of Epigravettian lithic artefacts with the aim of assessing the potential of such an approach to study Epigravettian lithic assemblages. The lithic sample comes from layer 9c2 (Evolved Epigravettian, Upper Palaeolithic, about 18,000-19,000 years ago) of Grotta Paglicci (Apulia, southern Italy). After extracting the outline coordinates from high-resolution images using the software DiaOutline, we conduct Elliptic Fourier Analysis, Principal Component Analysis, and Linear Discriminant Analysis in the R package Momocs to investigate the internal variability of the sample. Shape analysis confirms that 1) the production of microbladelets was not linked to a dedicated reduction sequence and 2) the modification of blanks into backed points followed a rather standardised stone tool design. The result opens interesting perspectives for the routine implementation of 2D shape analyses complementary to the classical technological ones.
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