Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1672
Marica Egidio, Raffaele Marrone, Maria Grazia Di Paolo, Salvatore Capo, Emanuele Esposito, Maurizio Della Rotonda, Federico Capuano, Y. Proroga, Alma Sardo, A. Mancusi
Bivalve molluscan shellfish (BMS) have an important role in the transmission of some pathogens responsible for food-borne disease because they are filter-feeding animals capable of greatly concentrating certain pathogenic agents (bacteria, viruses, or parasites) present in the water column, like Escherichia coli. The reference method for E. coli testing in bivalves is the most probable number (MPN) method therefore, as this method has some disadvantages, alternative techniques of equivalent accuracy could be used without the drawbacks of the MPN method such as the direct impedance technique. This method is based on the principle that bacteria produce positively or negatively charged end products causing an impedance variation of the medium that can be used to measure their growth. The present study evaluated the efficiency of the direct impedance measuring technique through a series of laboratory tests performed on 6 kg of clams belonging to two different batches. The preliminary obtained data, compared with the MPN reference method and dd-PCR to validate the alternative method, show that the direct impedance technique has the potential to be used in place of TBX culture for confirming E. coli in MPN assays.
{"title":"Impedance method application for number detection Escherichia coli in molluscs testing by official laboratory","authors":"Marica Egidio, Raffaele Marrone, Maria Grazia Di Paolo, Salvatore Capo, Emanuele Esposito, Maurizio Della Rotonda, Federico Capuano, Y. Proroga, Alma Sardo, A. Mancusi","doi":"10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1672","url":null,"abstract":"Bivalve molluscan shellfish (BMS) have an important role in the transmission of some pathogens responsible for food-borne disease because they are filter-feeding animals capable of greatly concentrating certain pathogenic agents (bacteria, viruses, or parasites) present in the water column, like Escherichia coli. The reference method for E. coli testing in bivalves is the most probable number (MPN) method therefore, as this method has some disadvantages, alternative techniques of equivalent accuracy could be used without the drawbacks of the MPN method such as the direct impedance technique. This method is based on the principle that bacteria produce positively or negatively charged end products causing an impedance variation of the medium that can be used to measure their growth. The present study evaluated the efficiency of the direct impedance measuring technique through a series of laboratory tests performed on 6 kg of clams belonging to two different batches. The preliminary obtained data, compared with the MPN reference method and dd-PCR to validate the alternative method, show that the direct impedance technique has the potential to be used in place of TBX culture for confirming E. coli in MPN assays.","PeriodicalId":37987,"journal":{"name":"Acta IMEKO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139170032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1590
Francisco Alegria
Digitized voltage and current waveforms can be used to estimate active power by processing the obtained samples through two methods: Discrete Integration and Spectral Analysis. The former involves computing the average of the sample-by-sample product of the two waveforms, while the latter uses sine fitting algorithms to estimate the amplitude and initial phase of each waveform. Precision expressions for both estimators are derived as a function of the number of samples acquired and the amount of additive random noise present, which is useful for determining the confidence interval for measurements. The two estimators are compared, and it is concluded that the second method, using sine fitting, is sometimes superior.
{"title":"Using digital methods in active power measurement","authors":"Francisco Alegria","doi":"10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1590","url":null,"abstract":"Digitized voltage and current waveforms can be used to estimate active power by processing the obtained samples through two methods: Discrete Integration and Spectral Analysis. The former involves computing the average of the sample-by-sample product of the two waveforms, while the latter uses sine fitting algorithms to estimate the amplitude and initial phase of each waveform. Precision expressions for both estimators are derived as a function of the number of samples acquired and the amount of additive random noise present, which is useful for determining the confidence interval for measurements. The two estimators are compared, and it is concluded that the second method, using sine fitting, is sometimes superior.","PeriodicalId":37987,"journal":{"name":"Acta IMEKO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139168011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1382
Norimitsu Shinohara, Y. Kondo
In addition to being used in hospitals, ultrasound systems are used in many other medical settings such as disaster relief and home care. In these types of settings, it is important to be able to perform a large number of examinations easily and efficiently. Portable ultrasound systems can be used to meet such needs. The evaluation of ultrasound systems has been driven by the development of accuracy control methods used in breast examinations. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of portable ultrasound systems that have not yet been fully investigated. The performance of two ultrasound systems was evaluated using three measures. For physical evaluation, the change in the mean pixel value of the target and the contrast-to-noise ratio were obtained for each ultrasound system. Statistical analyses were performed to compare these measures between the two systems. For visual evaluation, a receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed. The results of the physical and visual evaluations showed no statistically significant differences between the portable ultrasound systems we evaluated and those that are commonly used in clinical practice.
{"title":"Performance evaluation of pocket echo using an ultrasonic accuracy control phantom","authors":"Norimitsu Shinohara, Y. Kondo","doi":"10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1382","url":null,"abstract":"In addition to being used in hospitals, ultrasound systems are used in many other medical settings such as disaster relief and home care. In these types of settings, it is important to be able to perform a large number of examinations easily and efficiently. Portable ultrasound systems can be used to meet such needs. The evaluation of ultrasound systems has been driven by the development of accuracy control methods used in breast examinations. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of portable ultrasound systems that have not yet been fully investigated. The performance of two ultrasound systems was evaluated using three measures. For physical evaluation, the change in the mean pixel value of the target and the contrast-to-noise ratio were obtained for each ultrasound system. Statistical analyses were performed to compare these measures between the two systems. For visual evaluation, a receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed. The results of the physical and visual evaluations showed no statistically significant differences between the portable ultrasound systems we evaluated and those that are commonly used in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":37987,"journal":{"name":"Acta IMEKO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139169863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1320
Lennard Wunsch, Katharina Anding, Galina Polte, Kun Liu, Gunther Notni
This paper discusses neural network-based data augmentation to increase the performance of neural networks in classification of datasets with underrepresented defect classes. The performance of deep neural networks suffers from an inhomogeneous class distribution in recognition tasks. In particular, applications of deep neural networks to solve quality assurance tasks in industrial production suffer from such unbalanced class distributions. In order to train deep learning networks, a large amount of data is needed to avoid overfitting and to give the network a good generalisation ability. Therefore, a large amount of defect class objects is needed. However, when it comes to producing defect classes, obtaining a dataset for training can be costly. To reduce this costs, artificial intelligence in the form of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can be used to generate images without producing real objects of defect classes. This allows a cost-effective solution for any kind of underrepresented classes. However, the focus of this work is on defect classes. In this paper a comparison of GANs for data augmentation with classical data augmentation methods for simulating images of defect classes in an industrial context is presented. The results show the positive effect of both, classical and GAN-based data augmentation. By applying both methods parallel the best results for defect-class recognition tasks of datasets with underrepresented classes can be achieved.
本文讨论了基于神经网络的数据增强，以提高神经网络在缺陷类别代表性不足的数据集分类中的性能。在识别任务中，深度神经网络的性能会受到类别分布不均的影响。特别是，深度神经网络在解决工业生产中的质量保证任务时，就会受到这种不均衡类别分布的影响。为了训练深度学习网络，需要大量数据以避免过拟合，并使网络具有良好的泛化能力。因此，需要大量的缺陷类对象。然而，在生成缺陷类时，获取用于训练的数据集的成本可能会很高。为了降低成本，可以使用生成对抗网络（GAN）形式的人工智能来生成图像，而无需生成真实的缺陷类对象。这就为任何类型的代表性不足的类别提供了一种具有成本效益的解决方案。不过，这项工作的重点是缺陷类别。本文比较了用于数据增强的 GAN 与用于模拟工业缺陷类别图像的经典数据增强方法。结果表明，经典数据扩增和基于 GAN 的数据扩增都有积极的效果。通过并行应用这两种方法，可以在具有代表性不足类别的数据集的缺陷类别识别任务中取得最佳结果。
{"title":"Data augmentation for solving industrial recognition tasks with underrepresented defect classes","authors":"Lennard Wunsch, Katharina Anding, Galina Polte, Kun Liu, Gunther Notni","doi":"10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1320","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses neural network-based data augmentation to increase the performance of neural networks in classification of datasets with underrepresented defect classes. The performance of deep neural networks suffers from an inhomogeneous class distribution in recognition tasks. In particular, applications of deep neural networks to solve quality assurance tasks in industrial production suffer from such unbalanced class distributions. In order to train deep learning networks, a large amount of data is needed to avoid overfitting and to give the network a good generalisation ability. Therefore, a large amount of defect class objects is needed. However, when it comes to producing defect classes, obtaining a dataset for training can be costly. To reduce this costs, artificial intelligence in the form of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can be used to generate images without producing real objects of defect classes. This allows a cost-effective solution for any kind of underrepresented classes. However, the focus of this work is on defect classes. In this paper a comparison of GANs for data augmentation with classical data augmentation methods for simulating images of defect classes in an industrial context is presented. The results show the positive effect of both, classical and GAN-based data augmentation. By applying both methods parallel the best results for defect-class recognition tasks of datasets with underrepresented classes can be achieved.","PeriodicalId":37987,"journal":{"name":"Acta IMEKO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139172096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1315
L. Martins, Ana Isabel Marques, Álvaro Silva Ribeiro
This paper describes a video strain measurement solution developed for application in mortar destructive compression testing. Knowledge about the mechanical behavior of this type of construction material, namely up to its fracture, is still superficial due to the less common use of non-contact measurement methods. The performed research was focused on the determination of image coordinate accuracy, based on the experimental quantification of the identified main uncertainty components, using traceable reference patterns, and validated computational toolboxes dedicated to camera parameterization and digital image processing. The obtained results show the following uncertainty contributions: lens distortion - negligible; re-projection errors - 0.21 pixel; 0.10 pixel - spatial resolution; and digital image processing operations - 0.28 pixel. The combination of these uncertainty components resulted in an image coordinate standard uncertainty equal to 0.36 pixel, which was propagated (in addition to the scale coefficient measurement uncertainty) to the selected camera model – orthographic projection with uniform scaling – which supports the video strain measurement.
{"title":"Image uncertainty components in video strain measurement of mortar destructive compression testing","authors":"L. Martins, Ana Isabel Marques, Álvaro Silva Ribeiro","doi":"10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1315","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a video strain measurement solution developed for application in mortar destructive compression testing. Knowledge about the mechanical behavior of this type of construction material, namely up to its fracture, is still superficial due to the less common use of non-contact measurement methods. The performed research was focused on the determination of image coordinate accuracy, based on the experimental quantification of the identified main uncertainty components, using traceable reference patterns, and validated computational toolboxes dedicated to camera parameterization and digital image processing. The obtained results show the following uncertainty contributions: lens distortion - negligible; re-projection errors - 0.21 pixel; 0.10 pixel - spatial resolution; and digital image processing operations - 0.28 pixel. The combination of these uncertainty components resulted in an image coordinate standard uncertainty equal to 0.36 pixel, which was propagated (in addition to the scale coefficient measurement uncertainty) to the selected camera model – orthographic projection with uniform scaling – which supports the video strain measurement.","PeriodicalId":37987,"journal":{"name":"Acta IMEKO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139172435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1314
J. Melin, Petronella Kettunen, Anders Wallin, L. Pendrill
Measuring a person’s cognitive abilities, such as memory and learning, is central in many medical conditions to reliably diagnose, treat and monitor disease progression. Common tests typically include tasks of recalling sequences of blocks, digits or words. Recalling a word list is affected by so-called serial position effects (SPE), meaning that words at the beginning or end of the list are more likely to be recalled. In our earlier work, as part of including ordinal and nominal properties in metrology, compensation for ordinality in the raw test scores has been performed with psychometric Rasch measurement theory. Thereafter, SPE have been successfully explained with construct specification equations (CSE) dominated by information theoretical entropy as candidate reference measurement procedures. Here, we present how previous German results for explaining memory difficulty in the immediate recalling (IR, trial 1) task of the Rey’s Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) can be replicated with a Swedish cohort (the Gothenburg Mild Cognitive Impairment study, n = 251). This CSE replicability for RAVLT demonstrates comparability across the two cohorts in a kind of inter-laboratory study. Moreover, RAVLT includes repeated trials and learning through practice is expected. How memory task difficulty changes over the eight trials in RAVLT is studied: SPE are not so prominent for the delayed recalling sequences and there is an overall reduction in the task difficulty CSE intercept with trial number, interpreted as an effect of learning. To conclude, the methodology and evidence provided here can be clinically used not only to measure a person’s memory ability but also his or her learning ability, as well as understanding the relationship between learning ability and other cognitive domains.
{"title":"Entropy-based explanations of serial position and learning effects in ordinal responses to word list tests","authors":"J. Melin, Petronella Kettunen, Anders Wallin, L. Pendrill","doi":"10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1314","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring a person’s cognitive abilities, such as memory and learning, is central in many medical conditions to reliably diagnose, treat and monitor disease progression. Common tests typically include tasks of recalling sequences of blocks, digits or words. Recalling a word list is affected by so-called serial position effects (SPE), meaning that words at the beginning or end of the list are more likely to be recalled. In our earlier work, as part of including ordinal and nominal properties in metrology, compensation for ordinality in the raw test scores has been performed with psychometric Rasch measurement theory. Thereafter, SPE have been successfully explained with construct specification equations (CSE) dominated by information theoretical entropy as candidate reference measurement procedures. Here, we present how previous German results for explaining memory difficulty in the immediate recalling (IR, trial 1) task of the Rey’s Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) can be replicated with a Swedish cohort (the Gothenburg Mild Cognitive Impairment study, n = 251). This CSE replicability for RAVLT demonstrates comparability across the two cohorts in a kind of inter-laboratory study. Moreover, RAVLT includes repeated trials and learning through practice is expected. How memory task difficulty changes over the eight trials in RAVLT is studied: SPE are not so prominent for the delayed recalling sequences and there is an overall reduction in the task difficulty CSE intercept with trial number, interpreted as an effect of learning. To conclude, the methodology and evidence provided here can be clinically used not only to measure a person’s memory ability but also his or her learning ability, as well as understanding the relationship between learning ability and other cognitive domains.","PeriodicalId":37987,"journal":{"name":"Acta IMEKO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139172089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-13DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1479
Antonella Cinzia Marra, Roberta Somma, Adriano Guido
The Late Miocene successions of the Capo Vaticano-Monte Poro (Southern Italy) area, well exposed at Cessaniti – Cava Gentile, preserve a palaeontological record particularly relevant for phylogenetic studies and paleogeographic reconstructions as well as for the popular scientific divulgation and museology. The rich record of Sirenians highly contributed to the knowledge of phylogeny and intraspecific variability of Metaxytherium serresii. The exclusive terrestrial mammal association, having African and Greco-Iranian affinities, allows intriguing suggestions in the paleogeography of the Central Mediterranean. New taphonomic analyses on invertebrates and vertebrates, here presented, suggest that the good fossil preservation is due to the rapid burial of skeletons in a semipermeable mixture of sandy/muddy sediments which were quickly cemented. Late partial dissolution of the carbonate cement among particles made the fossils easy to extract from the sediment. The collaboration among palaeontology researchers, fossil collectors, and local administrators, under the direction of Superintendence and the control of Carabinieri Command for the Protection of Cultural Heritage, allowed the recovery, study, and promotion of this precious paleontological record. The area has a good flow of tourists for the pleasant seaside, and fossiliferous sites could attract cultural tourism, through educational trails and a museum network which valorize the palaeontological and archaeological heritage of the hinterland.
{"title":"The palaeontological heritage of the Capo Vaticano – Monte Poro area (Vibo Valentia, Italy): research, protection, and management","authors":"Antonella Cinzia Marra, Roberta Somma, Adriano Guido","doi":"10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1479","url":null,"abstract":"The Late Miocene successions of the Capo Vaticano-Monte Poro (Southern Italy) area, well exposed at Cessaniti – Cava Gentile, preserve a palaeontological record particularly relevant for phylogenetic studies and paleogeographic reconstructions as well as for the popular scientific divulgation and museology. The rich record of Sirenians highly contributed to the knowledge of phylogeny and intraspecific variability of Metaxytherium serresii. The exclusive terrestrial mammal association, having African and Greco-Iranian affinities, allows intriguing suggestions in the paleogeography of the Central Mediterranean. New taphonomic analyses on invertebrates and vertebrates, here presented, suggest that the good fossil preservation is due to the rapid burial of skeletons in a semipermeable mixture of sandy/muddy sediments which were quickly cemented. Late partial dissolution of the carbonate cement among particles made the fossils easy to extract from the sediment. The collaboration among palaeontology researchers, fossil collectors, and local administrators, under the direction of Superintendence and the control of Carabinieri Command for the Protection of Cultural Heritage, allowed the recovery, study, and promotion of this precious paleontological record. The area has a good flow of tourists for the pleasant seaside, and fossiliferous sites could attract cultural tourism, through educational trails and a museum network which valorize the palaeontological and archaeological heritage of the hinterland.","PeriodicalId":37987,"journal":{"name":"Acta IMEKO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139181852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1638
R. Matera, Leopoldo Angrisani, Gianluca Neglia, Angela Salzano, F. Bonavolontã, Maria Teresa Verde, N. Piscopo, Domenico Vistocco, Oscar Tamburis
Precision Livestock Farming, as a specific sub-sector of Public Health Informatics, focuses on the application of process engineering principles and techniques to achieve an automatic monitoring, modelling, and management of animal productions. In the present work a timely "protocol" is proposed for unobtrusive direct/indirect monitoring of biometric parameters for the estimation of body conditions on Mediterranean Buffalo populations, using low-cost automated systems already present on the market i.e., smart cameras endowed with depth perception capabilities.
{"title":"Reliable use of smart cameras for monitoring biometric parameters in buffalo precision livestock farming","authors":"R. Matera, Leopoldo Angrisani, Gianluca Neglia, Angela Salzano, F. Bonavolontã, Maria Teresa Verde, N. Piscopo, Domenico Vistocco, Oscar Tamburis","doi":"10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1638","url":null,"abstract":"Precision Livestock Farming, as a specific sub-sector of Public Health Informatics, focuses on the application of process engineering principles and techniques to achieve an automatic monitoring, modelling, and management of animal productions. In the present work a timely \"protocol\" is proposed for unobtrusive direct/indirect monitoring of biometric parameters for the estimation of body conditions on Mediterranean Buffalo populations, using low-cost automated systems already present on the market i.e., smart cameras endowed with depth perception capabilities.","PeriodicalId":37987,"journal":{"name":"Acta IMEKO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139183107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1708
A. Vitale, Carolina Salvo, Francesco Lamonaca
In the presence of natural disasters that increasingly affect urban centers, innovative methodologies that can support all the subjects and bodies involved in the disaster management system are increasingly important. This task can be enhanced in urban settings by automatically assessing at-risk buildings through satellite and aerial imagery. However, creating and implementing models with robust generalization capabilities is crucial to achieving this goal. Based on these premises, the authors proposed a deep learning approach utilizing the U-Net model to map buildings within known landslide-prone areas. They trained and validated the U-Net model using the Dubai Satellite Imagery Dataset. The model's prediction accuracy in adapting its results to urban environments in Italy, different from those involved in the training and validation stages, was tested using natural color orthoimages and diverse geographic information system (GIS) data sources. The outcomes indicate that the model's predictions are better in contexts with denser urban fabric. The level of accuracy in dispersed urban shapes worsens as building footprints cover a small portion of the total image area. Overall, the results demonstrate that the suggested methodology can effectively identify buildings in landslide risk zones, demonstrating noteworthy adaptability, making the proposed platform a tool that can be instrumental for decision-makers and urban planners in pre-disaster and post-disaster stages.
{"title":"Evaluation of spatial patterns accuracy in identifying built-up areas within risk zones using deep learning, RGB aerial imagery, and multi-source GIS data","authors":"A. Vitale, Carolina Salvo, Francesco Lamonaca","doi":"10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1708","url":null,"abstract":"In the presence of natural disasters that increasingly affect urban centers, innovative methodologies that can support all the subjects and bodies involved in the disaster management system are increasingly important. This task can be enhanced in urban settings by automatically assessing at-risk buildings through satellite and aerial imagery. However, creating and implementing models with robust generalization capabilities is crucial to achieving this goal. Based on these premises, the authors proposed a deep learning approach utilizing the U-Net model to map buildings within known landslide-prone areas. They trained and validated the U-Net model using the Dubai Satellite Imagery Dataset. The model's prediction accuracy in adapting its results to urban environments in Italy, different from those involved in the training and validation stages, was tested using natural color orthoimages and diverse geographic information system (GIS) data sources. The outcomes indicate that the model's predictions are better in contexts with denser urban fabric. The level of accuracy in dispersed urban shapes worsens as building footprints cover a small portion of the total image area. Overall, the results demonstrate that the suggested methodology can effectively identify buildings in landslide risk zones, demonstrating noteworthy adaptability, making the proposed platform a tool that can be instrumental for decision-makers and urban planners in pre-disaster and post-disaster stages.","PeriodicalId":37987,"journal":{"name":"Acta IMEKO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139182913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1418
Sara Rosa Moura, Andreia Furtado, Olivier Pellegrino, Elźbieta Lenard, Ewa Malejczyk, G. Sariyerli, Umit Y Akcadag, João Sousa
The lack of intercomparisons in surface tension measurements, and the need to establish the degree of equivalence of such measurements, lead to a comparative study on this subject carried out by 3 National Metrology Institutes (from Poland, Portugal, and Turkey), within the scope of the Project 17RPT02-rhoLiq. For this purpose, the surface tension of 6 liquids, was determined at 20 °C, using force tensiometers, with 2 different measuring probes (Du Noüy ring and Wilhelmy plate), and by applying different correction factors. The results of this work allowed to conclude on the degree of equivalence of surface tension measurement results, obtained by each NMI, by using different probes and measurement models.
{"title":"Surface tension measurements – A comparative study","authors":"Sara Rosa Moura, Andreia Furtado, Olivier Pellegrino, Elźbieta Lenard, Ewa Malejczyk, G. Sariyerli, Umit Y Akcadag, João Sousa","doi":"10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v12i4.1418","url":null,"abstract":"The lack of intercomparisons in surface tension measurements, and the need to establish the degree of equivalence of such measurements, lead to a comparative study on this subject carried out by 3 National Metrology Institutes (from Poland, Portugal, and Turkey), within the scope of the Project 17RPT02-rhoLiq. For this purpose, the surface tension of 6 liquids, was determined at 20 °C, using force tensiometers, with 2 different measuring probes (Du Noüy ring and Wilhelmy plate), and by applying different correction factors. The results of this work allowed to conclude on the degree of equivalence of surface tension measurement results, obtained by each NMI, by using different probes and measurement models.","PeriodicalId":37987,"journal":{"name":"Acta IMEKO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139182927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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