首页 > 最新文献

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra最新文献

英文 中文
Vegetable Freshness Perception in Dementia with Lewy Bodies and Alzheimer's Disease. 路易体痴呆和阿尔茨海默病的蔬菜新鲜度感知。
IF 2.3 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2020-08-06 eCollection Date: 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.1159/000508282
Yuka Oishi, Toru Imamura, Tatsuo Shimomura, Kyoko Suzuki

Introduction: Although various visual function deficits have been reported in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), vegetable freshness perception has not been thoroughly examined.

Objective: To investigate vegetable freshness perception in patients with AD and DLB and to clarify the relationship between vegetable freshness perception and various visuoperceptual functions.

Methods: We enrolled 37 patients with probable DLB, 58 patients with probable AD, and 32 age-matched healthy controls. We assessed vegetable freshness perception and visuoperceptual functions, including vegetable brightness perception, contrast sensitivity, color perception, and stereopsis. Patients with DLB showed disproportionate deficits in vegetable freshness perception and vegetable luminance perception compared to patients with AD and controls. Analyses of the groups with higher and lower vegetable freshness perceptions revealed significant differences in contrast sensitivity and visual texture recognition.

Results: In the vegetable freshness test, we found significant differences among the 3 groups (F = 30.029, p < 0.0001); the extent of impairment in patients with DLB was greater than that in patients with AD. In patients with DLB, the vegetable freshness judgments were significantly correlated with texture judgment scores and contrast sensitivity.

Conclusion: Our findings revealed significantly impaired vegetable freshness perception in patients with DLB. Vegetable freshness perception may be related to visual texture recognition in patients with DLB.

导语:虽然阿尔茨海默病(AD)和路易体痴呆(DLB)患者有各种视觉功能缺陷的报道,但蔬菜新鲜度感知尚未得到彻底的检查。目的:探讨AD和DLB患者的蔬菜新鲜度知觉,阐明蔬菜新鲜度知觉与各种视知觉功能的关系。方法:我们招募了37名可能患有DLB的患者,58名可能患有AD的患者和32名年龄匹配的健康对照。我们评估了蔬菜新鲜度感知和视觉感知功能,包括蔬菜亮度感知、对比敏感度、颜色感知和立体视觉。与AD患者和对照组相比,DLB患者在蔬菜新鲜度和蔬菜亮度感知方面表现出不成比例的缺陷。对蔬菜新鲜度感知较高和较低的组的分析显示,对比敏感度和视觉纹理识别存在显著差异。结果:在蔬菜新鲜度测试中,3组间差异有统计学意义(F = 30.029, p < 0.0001);DLB患者的损伤程度大于AD患者。在DLB患者中,蔬菜新鲜度判断与质地判断评分和对比敏感度显著相关。结论:我们的研究结果显示,DLB患者对蔬菜新鲜度的感知明显受损。蔬菜新鲜度感知可能与DLB患者的视觉纹理识别有关。
{"title":"Vegetable Freshness Perception in Dementia with Lewy Bodies and Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Yuka Oishi,&nbsp;Toru Imamura,&nbsp;Tatsuo Shimomura,&nbsp;Kyoko Suzuki","doi":"10.1159/000508282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000508282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although various visual function deficits have been reported in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), vegetable freshness perception has not been thoroughly examined.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate vegetable freshness perception in patients with AD and DLB and to clarify the relationship between vegetable freshness perception and various visuoperceptual functions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 37 patients with probable DLB, 58 patients with probable AD, and 32 age-matched healthy controls. We assessed vegetable freshness perception and visuoperceptual functions, including vegetable brightness perception, contrast sensitivity, color perception, and stereopsis. Patients with DLB showed disproportionate deficits in vegetable freshness perception and vegetable luminance perception compared to patients with AD and controls. Analyses of the groups with higher and lower vegetable freshness perceptions revealed significant differences in contrast sensitivity and visual texture recognition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the vegetable freshness test, we found significant differences among the 3 groups (<i>F</i> = 30.029, <i>p</i> < 0.0001); the extent of impairment in patients with DLB was greater than that in patients with AD. In patients with DLB, the vegetable freshness judgments were significantly correlated with texture judgment scores and contrast sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings revealed significantly impaired vegetable freshness perception in patients with DLB. Vegetable freshness perception may be related to visual texture recognition in patients with DLB.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000508282","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38607037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cognitive Reserve Moderates the Predictive Role of Memory Complaints for Subsequent Decline in Executive Functioning. 认知储备调节记忆抱怨对随后执行功能下降的预测作用。
IF 2.3 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2020-07-16 eCollection Date: 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.1159/000508363
Andreas Ihle, Élvio R Gouveia, Bruna R Gouveia, Matthias Kliegel

Aims: We investigated whether the longitudinal relation between memory complaints and subsequent decline in executive functioning over 6 years differed by leisure activity engagement as major contributor to cognitive reserve in old age.

Methods: We analyzed longitudinal data from 897 older adults (M = 74.33 years) tested on the Trail Making Test (TMT) in two waves 6 years apart. Participants reported information on memory complaints and leisure activity engagement.

Results: There was a significant interaction of memory complaints with leisure activity engagement on latent change in executive functioning. Specifically, only for individuals with less (but not those with greater) leisure activity engagement, memory complaints significantly predicted a steeper subsequent decline in executive functioning across 6 years (i.e., increases in TMT completion time).

Conclusion: The role of memory complaints as an early predictor of decline in executive functioning seems to vary by individuals' cognitive reserve.

目的:我们调查了记忆抱怨与随后的执行功能下降之间的纵向关系是否因休闲活动参与作为老年认知储备的主要贡献者而有所不同。方法:我们对897名老年人(M = 74.33岁)的纵向数据进行了分析,这些老年人分两波进行了追踪测试(TMT),间隔6年。参与者报告了关于记忆抱怨和休闲活动参与的信息。结果:记忆抱怨与休闲活动参与对执行功能的潜在变化有显著的交互作用。具体来说,只有休闲活动参与较少的个体(而不是休闲活动参与较多的个体),记忆抱怨显著预测了6年内执行功能的急剧下降(即TMT完成时间的增加)。结论:记忆抱怨作为执行功能下降的早期预测因素的作用似乎因个体的认知储备而异。
{"title":"Cognitive Reserve Moderates the Predictive Role of Memory Complaints for Subsequent Decline in Executive Functioning.","authors":"Andreas Ihle,&nbsp;Élvio R Gouveia,&nbsp;Bruna R Gouveia,&nbsp;Matthias Kliegel","doi":"10.1159/000508363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000508363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>We investigated whether the longitudinal relation between memory complaints and subsequent decline in executive functioning over 6 years differed by leisure activity engagement as major contributor to cognitive reserve in old age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed longitudinal data from 897 older adults (M = 74.33 years) tested on the Trail Making Test (TMT) in two waves 6 years apart. Participants reported information on memory complaints and leisure activity engagement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant interaction of memory complaints with leisure activity engagement on latent change in executive functioning. Specifically, only for individuals with less (but not those with greater) leisure activity engagement, memory complaints significantly predicted a steeper subsequent decline in executive functioning across 6 years (i.e., increases in TMT completion time).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The role of memory complaints as an early predictor of decline in executive functioning seems to vary by individuals' cognitive reserve.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000508363","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38343342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Utility of Easy Z-Score Imaging System-Assisted SPECT in Detecting Onset Age-Dependent Decreases in Cerebral Blood Flow in the Posterior Cingulate Cortex, Precuneus, and Parietal Lobe in Alzheimer's Disease with Amyloid Accumulation. 利用Easy Z-Score成像系统辅助SPECT检测淀粉样蛋白堆积的阿尔茨海默病后扣带皮层、楔前叶和顶叶脑血流的年龄依赖性减少。
IF 2.3 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2020-06-10 eCollection Date: 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.1159/000507654
Hiroshi Hayashi, Ryota Kobayashi, Shinobu Kawakatsu, Daichi Morioka, Koichi Otani

Background: Easy Z-score imaging system (eZIS)-assisted SPECT accurately detects decreases in cerebral blood flow in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), precuneus, and parietal lobe, the cerebral regions deeply implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several studies suggested onset age-dependent decreases in cerebral blood flow in these regions in AD, but these studies did not screen for amyloid accumulation, suggesting inclusion of non-AD patients in their subjects.

Objective: By applying eZIS-SPECT to patients with amyloid deposition, it was the aim of this study to clarify onset age-dependent decreases in cerebral blood flow in the regions critical to AD.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed eZIS-SPECT data on 34 AD patients with amyloid retention confirmed by 11C-Pittsburgh compound B-PET. The subjects were divided into an early-onset group (n = 16) and a late-onset group (n = 18). The three indicators of the eZIS that had discriminated between AD patients and normal controls in previous studies were compared between the two groups.

Results: The mean values for the respective indicators were significantly higher in the early-onset group than in the late-onset group. Also, the proportion of patients with abnormalities in all indicators was significantly higher in the early-onset group (93.8%) than in the late-onset group (50.0%).

Conclusions: The present study, applying eZIS-SPECT to amyloid-positive AD patients, suggests that reduced cerebral blood flow in the PCC, precuneus, and parietal lobe is more pronounced in the early-onset type than in the late-onset type of the disease.

背景:Easy Z-score成像系统(eZIS)辅助SPECT准确检测脑后扣带皮层(PCC)、楔前叶和顶叶的脑血流减少,这些大脑区域与阿尔茨海默病(AD)有密切关系。几项研究表明,阿尔茨海默病患者发病时,这些区域的脑血流量随年龄而减少,但这些研究没有筛查淀粉样蛋白积累,这表明非阿尔茨海默病患者也包括在研究对象中。目的:通过对淀粉样蛋白沉积患者应用eZIS-SPECT,本研究的目的是阐明AD关键区域脑血流量的发病年龄依赖性减少。方法:回顾性分析34例经11C-Pittsburgh复合B-PET证实淀粉样蛋白滞留的AD患者的eZIS-SPECT数据。研究对象分为早发型组(n = 16)和晚发型组(n = 18)。比较以往研究中区分AD患者与正常对照的eZIS三项指标。结果:早发组各项指标的平均值明显高于晚发组。各指标异常的患者比例早发型组(93.8%)明显高于晚发型组(50.0%)。结论:本研究将eZIS-SPECT应用于淀粉样蛋白阳性AD患者,表明早发型AD患者的PCC、楔前叶和顶叶脑血流量减少比晚发型AD患者更为明显。
{"title":"Utility of Easy <i>Z</i>-Score Imaging System-Assisted SPECT in Detecting Onset Age-Dependent Decreases in Cerebral Blood Flow in the Posterior Cingulate Cortex, Precuneus, and Parietal Lobe in Alzheimer's Disease with Amyloid Accumulation.","authors":"Hiroshi Hayashi,&nbsp;Ryota Kobayashi,&nbsp;Shinobu Kawakatsu,&nbsp;Daichi Morioka,&nbsp;Koichi Otani","doi":"10.1159/000507654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000507654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Easy <i>Z</i>-score imaging system (eZIS)-assisted SPECT accurately detects decreases in cerebral blood flow in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), precuneus, and parietal lobe, the cerebral regions deeply implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several studies suggested onset age-dependent decreases in cerebral blood flow in these regions in AD, but these studies did not screen for amyloid accumulation, suggesting inclusion of non-AD patients in their subjects.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>By applying eZIS-SPECT to patients with amyloid deposition, it was the aim of this study to clarify onset age-dependent decreases in cerebral blood flow in the regions critical to AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed eZIS-SPECT data on 34 AD patients with amyloid retention confirmed by <sup>11</sup>C-Pittsburgh compound B-PET. The subjects were divided into an early-onset group (<i>n</i> = 16) and a late-onset group (<i>n</i> = 18). The three indicators of the eZIS that had discriminated between AD patients and normal controls in previous studies were compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean values for the respective indicators were significantly higher in the early-onset group than in the late-onset group. Also, the proportion of patients with abnormalities in all indicators was significantly higher in the early-onset group (93.8%) than in the late-onset group (50.0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study, applying eZIS-SPECT to amyloid-positive AD patients, suggests that reduced cerebral blood flow in the PCC, precuneus, and parietal lobe is more pronounced in the early-onset type than in the late-onset type of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000507654","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38245272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Rural Thai Older People, Associated Risk Factors and their Cognitive Characteristics. 泰国农村老年人轻度认知障碍患病率、相关危险因素及其认知特征
IF 2.3 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2020-03-26 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000506279
Jiranan Griffiths, Lakkana Thaikruea, Nahathai Wongpakaran, Peeraya Munkhetvit

Introduction: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transitional stage between normal cognition and dementia. A review showed that 10-15% of those with MCI annually progressed to Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with MCI as well as the characteristics of cognitive deficits among older people in rural Thailand.

Methods: A cross-sectional study in 482 people who were 60 years old and over was conducted in northern Thailand. The assessments were administered by trained occupational therapists using demographic and health characteristics, Mental Status Examination Thai 10, Activities of Daily Living - Thai Assessment Scale, 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Basic (MoCA-B, Thai version).

Results: The mean age of MCI was 68.3 ± 6.82 years, and most had an education ≤4 years. The prevalence of MCI in older people was 71.4% (344 out of 482), and it increased with age. Low education and diabetes mellitus (DM) were the significant risk factors associated with cognitive decline. Older people with MCI were more likely to have an education ≤4 years (RR 1.74, 95% CI 1.21-2.51) and DM (RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04-1.36) than those who did not. The 3 most common cognitive impairments according to MoCA-B were executive function (86%), alternating attention (33.1%) and delayed recall (31.1%).

Conclusion: The prevalence of MCI in older Thai people in a rural area is high compared with that in other countries. The explanation might be due to low education and underlying disease associated with MCI. A suitable program that can reduce the prospects of MCI in rural Thailand is needed.

轻度认知障碍(Mild cognitive impairment, MCI)是介于正常认知和痴呆之间的过渡阶段。一项综述显示,每年有10-15%的轻度认知障碍患者会发展为阿尔茨海默病。目的:本研究旨在调查泰国农村老年人轻度认知损伤的患病率和相关危险因素以及认知缺陷的特征。方法:在泰国北部对482名60岁及以上的人进行了横断面研究。评估由训练有素的职业治疗师使用人口统计学和健康特征、泰国精神状态检查10、日常生活活动-泰国评估量表、15项老年抑郁量表和蒙特利尔认知评估-基本(MoCA-B,泰国版)进行。结果:MCI患者平均年龄为68.3±6.82岁,多为受教育年限≤4年。老年人MCI患病率为71.4%(482人中有344人),并且随着年龄的增长而增加。低学历和糖尿病是认知能力下降的重要危险因素。老年轻度认知障碍患者受教育≤4年(RR 1.74, 95% CI 1.21-2.51)和糖尿病(RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04-1.36)的可能性高于未受教育者。根据MoCA-B,最常见的3种认知障碍是执行功能(86%)、交替注意(33.1%)和延迟回忆(31.1%)。结论:泰国农村老年人MCI患病率高于其他国家。其原因可能是受教育程度低以及与轻度认知障碍相关的潜在疾病。需要一个合适的方案来降低泰国农村MCI的可能性。
{"title":"Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Rural Thai Older People, Associated Risk Factors and their Cognitive Characteristics.","authors":"Jiranan Griffiths,&nbsp;Lakkana Thaikruea,&nbsp;Nahathai Wongpakaran,&nbsp;Peeraya Munkhetvit","doi":"10.1159/000506279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000506279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transitional stage between normal cognition and dementia. A review showed that 10-15% of those with MCI annually progressed to Alzheimer's disease.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with MCI as well as the characteristics of cognitive deficits among older people in rural Thailand.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study in 482 people who were 60 years old and over was conducted in northern Thailand. The assessments were administered by trained occupational therapists using demographic and health characteristics, Mental Status Examination Thai 10, Activities of Daily Living - Thai Assessment Scale, 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Basic (MoCA-B, Thai version).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of MCI was 68.3 ± 6.82 years, and most had an education ≤4 years. The prevalence of MCI in older people was 71.4% (344 out of 482), and it increased with age. Low education and diabetes mellitus (DM) were the significant risk factors associated with cognitive decline. Older people with MCI were more likely to have an education ≤4 years (RR 1.74, 95% CI 1.21-2.51) and DM (RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04-1.36) than those who did not. The 3 most common cognitive impairments according to MoCA-B were executive function (86%), alternating attention (33.1%) and delayed recall (31.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of MCI in older Thai people in a rural area is high compared with that in other countries. The explanation might be due to low education and underlying disease associated with MCI. A suitable program that can reduce the prospects of MCI in rural Thailand is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000506279","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37849425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Prevalence and Clinical Implications of the Mirror and TV Signs in Advanced Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia with Lewy Bodies. 晚期阿尔茨海默病和伴路易体痴呆的镜子和电视征象的患病率及临床意义。
IF 2.3 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2020-03-26 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000506510
Yasuhiro Nagahama, Toshiya Fukui, Hiroshi Akutagawa, Hiroko Ohtaki, Momoka Okabe, Tatsuya Ito, Hiroko Suga, Hiroshige Fujishiro

Objective: To explore the prevalence and clinical implications of the mirror and TV signs in the moderate to advanced stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).

Methods: We retrospectively examined the prevalence of clinical and psychiatric symptoms including the mirror and TV signs in 200 subjects with AD and 200 with DLB and evaluated the relationships among the symptoms.

Results: The mirror sign was found in 3.0% of AD and 4.5% of DLB subjects. The TV sign was found in 1.5% of AD and 4.0% of DLB subjects. The prevalence of the mirror and TV signs was not significantly different between the AD and DLB groups. Visual hallucination, visual illusion, misidentification of person, and sleep talking were significantly more frequent in DLB than in AD subjects. The mirror sign was significantly associated with lower Mini-Mental State Examination scores, whereas the TV sign was significantly associated with the misidentification of person.

Conclusions: Both the mirror and TV signs were rare even in the moderate to advanced stages of AD and DLB. The mirror sign may be independent from other delusional misidentification syndromes (DMSs). Being associated mainly with global cognitive decline, the mirror sign is unlikely attributed to any specific cognitive impairment or the dysfunction of localized brain areas. In contrast, the TV sign was significantly more often coexistent with the misidentification of person, suggesting that the TV sign may partly share common neuropsychological mechanisms with DMSs.

目的:探讨中晚期阿尔茨海默病(AD)及伴路易体痴呆(DLB)患者镜象和电视征象的患病率及临床意义。方法:回顾性分析200例AD患者和200例DLB患者的临床和精神症状,包括镜子和电视症状的患病率,并评估症状之间的关系。结果:AD和DLB的镜像征分别为3.0%和4.5%。在1.5%的AD和4.0%的DLB受试者中发现了电视信号。AD组和DLB组之间镜子和电视信号的患病率无显著差异。视幻觉、视错觉、认人错误和梦话在DLB组的发生率明显高于AD组。镜子标志与较低的精神状态测试分数显著相关,而电视标志与误认人显著相关。结论:即使在中晚期AD和DLB患者中,镜象和电视象也很少见。镜像征可能独立于其他妄想性错误识别综合征(dms)。镜像标志主要与整体认知能力下降有关,不太可能归因于任何特定的认知障碍或局部大脑区域的功能障碍。相比之下,电视信号与对人的错误识别更常共存,这表明电视信号可能与dms有部分共同的神经心理机制。
{"title":"Prevalence and Clinical Implications of the Mirror and TV Signs in Advanced Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia with Lewy Bodies.","authors":"Yasuhiro Nagahama,&nbsp;Toshiya Fukui,&nbsp;Hiroshi Akutagawa,&nbsp;Hiroko Ohtaki,&nbsp;Momoka Okabe,&nbsp;Tatsuya Ito,&nbsp;Hiroko Suga,&nbsp;Hiroshige Fujishiro","doi":"10.1159/000506510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000506510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the prevalence and clinical implications of the mirror and TV signs in the moderate to advanced stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively examined the prevalence of clinical and psychiatric symptoms including the mirror and TV signs in 200 subjects with AD and 200 with DLB and evaluated the relationships among the symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mirror sign was found in 3.0% of AD and 4.5% of DLB subjects. The TV sign was found in 1.5% of AD and 4.0% of DLB subjects. The prevalence of the mirror and TV signs was not significantly different between the AD and DLB groups. Visual hallucination, visual illusion, misidentification of person, and sleep talking were significantly more frequent in DLB than in AD subjects. The mirror sign was significantly associated with lower Mini-Mental State Examination scores, whereas the TV sign was significantly associated with the misidentification of person.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both the mirror and TV signs were rare even in the moderate to advanced stages of AD and DLB. The mirror sign may be independent from other delusional misidentification syndromes (DMSs). Being associated mainly with global cognitive decline, the mirror sign is unlikely attributed to any specific cognitive impairment or the dysfunction of localized brain areas. In contrast, the TV sign was significantly more often coexistent with the misidentification of person, suggesting that the TV sign may partly share common neuropsychological mechanisms with DMSs.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000506510","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37849867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Age-Related Changes in Instrumental and Basic Activities of Daily Living Impairment in Older Adults with Very Mild Alzheimer's Disease. 极轻度阿尔茨海默病老年人日常生活障碍的工具和基本活动的年龄相关变化。
IF 2.3 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2020-03-24 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000506281
Takayuki Tabira, Maki Hotta, Miki Murata, Kazuhiro Yoshiura, Gwanghee Han, Tomohisa Ishikawa, Asuka Koyama, Noriyuki Ogawa, Michio Maruta, Yuriko Ikeda, Takaaki Mori, Taku Yoshida, Mamoru Hashimoto, Manabu Ikeda

Background/aims: Age-related changes in impairments in activities of daily living (ADL) in older adults with very mild Alzheimer's disease (vmAD) have been scarcely explored. We clarified the characteristics of ADL impairment and examined how ADL impairments differed by age in such patients compared with community-dwelling cognitively normal older adults.

Methods: The participants were 107 older adults with vmAD (Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] score ≥24), all of whom were first-visit outpatients at the Dementia Clinic of the Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kumamoto University Hospital. The controls were 682 community-dwelling older adults who participated in the 3rd Nakayama Study with MMSE score ≥24. We examined the association of instrumental and basic ADL (IADL and BADL, respectively) independence with the odds of vmAD using multiple logistic regression analysis and determined differences in ADL impairment by age using age- and sex-matched analysis.

Results: Impairments in handling finances (OR 57.08), managing medication (OR 5.13), and dressing (OR 3.35; BADL) were associated with greater odds of vmAD. Among those aged 65 years and above, there were fewer patients with vmAD than healthy controls who could independently handle finances and medication. Among patients with vmAD, the percentages of those who could independently manage shopping, food preparation, and housekeeping only decreased after age 74. Age-related decreases in independence were observed in few BADL items; these, however, were temporary.

Conclusions: Patients with vmAD show significantly decreased IADL independence from early old age.

背景/目的:非常轻度阿尔茨海默病(vmAD)老年人日常生活活动障碍(ADL)的年龄相关变化很少被探讨。我们澄清了ADL功能障碍的特征,并检查了这些患者与社区居住认知正常的老年人相比,ADL功能障碍在年龄上的差异。方法:研究对象为熊本大学医院神经精神科痴呆门诊首次就诊的107例vmAD(迷你精神状态检查[MMSE]评分≥24)老年人。对照组为682名参加第三次中山研究且MMSE评分≥24的社区居住老年人。我们使用多元逻辑回归分析检验了工具和基本ADL(分别为IADL和BADL)独立性与vmAD几率的关联,并使用年龄和性别匹配分析确定了ADL损伤的年龄差异。结果:财务管理障碍(OR 57.08)、药物管理障碍(OR 5.13)和穿衣障碍(OR 3.35);BADL)与vmAD的几率较大相关。在65岁及以上的人群中,vmAD患者少于能够独立处理财务和药物的健康对照组。在vmAD患者中,能够独立管理购物、准备食物和家务的比例在74岁以后才下降。在一些BADL项目中观察到与年龄相关的独立性下降;然而,这些都是暂时的。结论:老年早期开始,vmAD患者的日常生活自理能力明显下降。
{"title":"Age-Related Changes in Instrumental and Basic Activities of Daily Living Impairment in Older Adults with Very Mild Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Takayuki Tabira,&nbsp;Maki Hotta,&nbsp;Miki Murata,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Yoshiura,&nbsp;Gwanghee Han,&nbsp;Tomohisa Ishikawa,&nbsp;Asuka Koyama,&nbsp;Noriyuki Ogawa,&nbsp;Michio Maruta,&nbsp;Yuriko Ikeda,&nbsp;Takaaki Mori,&nbsp;Taku Yoshida,&nbsp;Mamoru Hashimoto,&nbsp;Manabu Ikeda","doi":"10.1159/000506281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000506281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Age-related changes in impairments in activities of daily living (ADL) in older adults with very mild Alzheimer's disease (vmAD) have been scarcely explored. We clarified the characteristics of ADL impairment and examined how ADL impairments differed by age in such patients compared with community-dwelling cognitively normal older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The participants were 107 older adults with vmAD (Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] score ≥24), all of whom were first-visit outpatients at the Dementia Clinic of the Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kumamoto University Hospital. The controls were 682 community-dwelling older adults who participated in the 3rd Nakayama Study with MMSE score ≥24. We examined the association of instrumental and basic ADL (IADL and BADL, respectively) independence with the odds of vmAD using multiple logistic regression analysis and determined differences in ADL impairment by age using age- and sex-matched analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Impairments in handling finances (OR 57.08), managing medication (OR 5.13), and dressing (OR 3.35; BADL) were associated with greater odds of vmAD. Among those aged 65 years and above, there were fewer patients with vmAD than healthy controls who could independently handle finances and medication. Among patients with vmAD, the percentages of those who could independently manage shopping, food preparation, and housekeeping only decreased after age 74. Age-related decreases in independence were observed in few BADL items; these, however, were temporary.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with vmAD show significantly decreased IADL independence from early old age.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000506281","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37849423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Engagement in Everyday Activities among People Living in Indian Nursing Homes: The Association with Person-Centredness. 生活在印度养老院的人们参与日常活动:与以人为本的联系。
IF 2.3 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2020-01-23 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000505396
Benedicte Sørensen Strøm, Knut Engedal, Anne Marie Rokstad

Introduction: It has been reported that residents living in nursing homes are often inactive and lonely and are offered a limited number of activities. However, high engagement in activities has been reported to improve residents' quality of life and engagement in personalized activities can even reduce agitation and enhance positive mood. Information regarding occupational patterns and purpose in life is well established in Western countries. However, we know next to nothing about how people living in Indian nursing homes spend their days.

Objective: To explore the participation in everyday activities among older people in Indian nursing homes and the extent to which engagement in activities is associated with person-centred care.

Methods: The study was conducted in 6 nursing homes in India, comprising 147 residents. In all, 23 nursing staff took part and completed a 26-item questionnaire about resident activities based on the Multi-Dimensional Dementia Assessment Scale and the Person-Directed Care Questionnaire. Person-centredness was measured with the Person-Centred Care Assessment Tool.

Results: We found low participation in everyday activities among the residents. Participation in religious activities was the most frequent, whereas the least used activities were excursions, participating in cultural activities, taking part in educational programmes, visiting a restaurant and going to the cinema. A significant positive association was found between person-centred care and participation in religious activities, engagement in an activity programme and physical activity.

Conclusions: The most frequently attended activity was religious activities. Person-centred care was associated with participation in religious activities, engagement in an activity programme, physical activity, spending time in the garden and playing and listening to music.

导读:据报道,住在养老院的居民往往不活跃,孤独,提供的活动有限。然而,据报道,高度参与活动可以提高居民的生活质量,参与个性化活动甚至可以减少躁动,增强积极情绪。在西方国家,关于职业模式和人生目标的信息已经很完善了。然而,我们对住在印度养老院的人是如何度过他们的日子几乎一无所知。目的:探讨印度养老院老年人参与日常活动的程度,以及参与活动与以人为本的护理的关系。方法:研究在印度的6家养老院进行,包括147名居民。共有23名护理人员参与并完成了基于多维痴呆评估量表和个人导向护理问卷的26项住院活动问卷。用以人为中心的护理评估工具测量以人为中心的程度。结果:我们发现居民的日常活动参与度较低。参加宗教活动是最常见的,而最少使用的活动是短途旅行、参加文化活动、参加教育方案、到餐馆吃饭和看电影。研究发现,以人为本的护理与参加宗教活动、参加活动计划和体育活动之间存在显著的正相关关系。结论:参加频率最高的活动为宗教活动。以人为本的护理与参加宗教活动、参加活动计划、体育活动、花时间在花园里、玩和听音乐有关。
{"title":"Engagement in Everyday Activities among People Living in Indian Nursing Homes: The Association with Person-Centredness.","authors":"Benedicte Sørensen Strøm,&nbsp;Knut Engedal,&nbsp;Anne Marie Rokstad","doi":"10.1159/000505396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000505396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>It has been reported that residents living in nursing homes are often inactive and lonely and are offered a limited number of activities. However, high engagement in activities has been reported to improve residents' quality of life and engagement in personalized activities can even reduce agitation and enhance positive mood. Information regarding occupational patterns and purpose in life is well established in Western countries. However, we know next to nothing about how people living in Indian nursing homes spend their days.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the participation in everyday activities among older people in Indian nursing homes and the extent to which engagement in activities is associated with person-centred care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted in 6 nursing homes in India, comprising 147 residents. In all, 23 nursing staff took part and completed a 26-item questionnaire about resident activities based on the Multi-Dimensional Dementia Assessment Scale and the Person-Directed Care Questionnaire. Person-centredness was measured with the Person-Centred Care Assessment Tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found low participation in everyday activities among the residents. Participation in religious activities was the most frequent, whereas the least used activities were excursions, participating in cultural activities, taking part in educational programmes, visiting a restaurant and going to the cinema. A significant positive association was found between person-centred care and participation in religious activities, engagement in an activity programme and physical activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The most frequently attended activity was religious activities. Person-centred care was associated with participation in religious activities, engagement in an activity programme, physical activity, spending time in the garden and playing and listening to music.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000505396","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37725561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Recovery of Dementia Syndrome following Treatment of Brain Inflammation. 脑炎症治疗后痴呆综合征的恢复。
IF 2.3 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2020-01-21 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000504880
Jong-Hoon Lee, Su-Hee Choi, Chul Joong Lee, Sang-Suk Oh

Aim/background: This research aims to prevent progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease. A Japanese study of leprosy patients revealed that the incidence of dementia in leprosy patients was lower than that in patients taking dapsone who had never been treated. But a similar study the following year refuted the finding of less dementia in leprosy patients taking dapsone. According to conflicting reports, Mycobacterium leprae was a factor in reducing the incidence of Alzheimer's disease. Thus, we formed a hypothesis that if dapsone is administered to patients without leprosy but with MCI and the prophylactic effect of dementia syndrome is observed over a long period of time, we can determine whether dapsone can prevent the progression of MCI to dementia syndrome. If dementia does not occur after treating inflammation in brain cells while dementia develops after a certain long-term period (usually within 2-3 years), brain cell inflammation can be demonstrated as the cause of dementia.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort research. We report on an elderly patient diagnosed with MCI from February 2008 to January 2019. The patient took dapsone 100 mg once a day from 2010 to 2015 for the treatment of MCI. Since 2016, the production of dapsone has ceased in Korea. In June 2018, the patient was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. The patient took Aricept for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease but complained of serious side effects. And dapsone was re-administered to the patient from November 2018.

Results: The patient recovered to MCI and improved her daily life owing to the treatment with dapsone. The drug controls the inflammatory response in the brain, irrespective of whether proteins are deposited in neurons.

Conclusions: This finding means that dementia syndrome is an inflammatory disease. This research suggests that diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease should be based on the presence or absence of inflammation in neurons. Because inflammation in neurons can occur in middle age due to various causes, we can treat inflammation in neurons and prevent and treat dementia syndrome, including Alzheimer's disease.

目的/背景:本研究旨在预防轻度认知障碍(MCI)发展为阿尔茨海默病。日本一项对麻风病患者的研究显示,麻风病患者痴呆的发生率低于从未接受过治疗的服用氨苯砜的患者。但次年的一项类似研究驳斥了麻风病患者服用氨苯砜后痴呆减少的说法。根据相互矛盾的报道,麻风分枝杆菌是降低阿尔茨海默病发病率的一个因素。因此,我们形成了一个假设,如果对没有麻风但患有MCI的患者给予氨苯砜,并长期观察其对痴呆综合征的预防作用,我们可以确定氨苯砜是否可以预防MCI向痴呆综合征的进展。如果在治疗脑细胞炎症后没有发生痴呆,而痴呆在一定的时间(通常在2-3年内)后发生,则可以证明脑细胞炎症是痴呆的原因。方法:前瞻性队列研究。我们报告了2008年2月至2019年1月诊断为轻度认知障碍的一位老年患者。患者于2010 - 2015年服用氨苯砜100 mg,每日1次,治疗轻度认知损伤。从2016年开始,韩国停止了氨苯砜的生产。2018年6月,该患者被诊断患有阿尔茨海默病。患者服用阿立赛普治疗阿尔茨海默病,但抱怨有严重的副作用。从2018年11月开始,患者再次服用氨苯砜。结果:患者经氨苯砜治疗后恢复为轻度认知损伤,日常生活得到改善。这种药物可以控制大脑的炎症反应,而不管蛋白质是否沉积在神经元中。结论:这一发现意味着痴呆综合征是一种炎症性疾病。这项研究表明,阿尔茨海默病的诊断标准应该基于神经元炎症的存在或不存在。由于各种原因,神经元炎症会在中年发生,因此可以治疗神经元炎症,预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病等痴呆综合征。
{"title":"Recovery of Dementia Syndrome following Treatment of Brain Inflammation.","authors":"Jong-Hoon Lee,&nbsp;Su-Hee Choi,&nbsp;Chul Joong Lee,&nbsp;Sang-Suk Oh","doi":"10.1159/000504880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000504880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim/background: </strong>This research aims to prevent progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease. A Japanese study of leprosy patients revealed that the incidence of dementia in leprosy patients was lower than that in patients taking dapsone who had never been treated. But a similar study the following year refuted the finding of less dementia in leprosy patients taking dapsone. According to conflicting reports, <i>Mycobacterium leprae</i> was a factor in reducing the incidence of Alzheimer's disease. Thus, we formed a hypothesis that if dapsone is administered to patients without leprosy but with MCI and the prophylactic effect of dementia syndrome is observed over a long period of time, we can determine whether dapsone can prevent the progression of MCI to dementia syndrome. If dementia does not occur after treating inflammation in brain cells while dementia develops after a certain long-term period (usually within 2-3 years), brain cell inflammation can be demonstrated as the cause of dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective cohort research. We report on an elderly patient diagnosed with MCI from February 2008 to January 2019. The patient took dapsone 100 mg once a day from 2010 to 2015 for the treatment of MCI. Since 2016, the production of dapsone has ceased in Korea. In June 2018, the patient was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. The patient took Aricept for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease but complained of serious side effects. And dapsone was re-administered to the patient from November 2018.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patient recovered to MCI and improved her daily life owing to the treatment with dapsone. The drug controls the inflammatory response in the brain, irrespective of whether proteins are deposited in neurons.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This finding means that dementia syndrome is an inflammatory disease. This research suggests that diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease should be based on the presence or absence of inflammation in neurons. Because inflammation in neurons can occur in middle age due to various causes, we can treat inflammation in neurons and prevent and treat dementia syndrome, including Alzheimer's disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000504880","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37725559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 26
Stability of Plasma Amyloid-β 1-40, Amyloid-β 1-42, and Total Tau Protein over Repeated Freeze/Thaw Cycles. 血浆淀粉样蛋白-β 1-40、淀粉样蛋白-β 1-42和总Tau蛋白在反复冻融循环中的稳定性
IF 2.3 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000506278
Huei-Chun Liu, Ming-Jang Chiu, Chin-Hsien Lin, Shieh-Yueh Yang

Introduction: Blood biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have attracted much attention of researchers in recent years. In clinical studies, repeated freeze/thaw cycles often occur and may influence the stability of biomarkers. This study aims to investigate the stability of amyloid-β 1-40 (Aβ1-40), amyloid-β 1-42 (Aβ1-42), and total tau protein (T-tau) in plasma over freeze/thaw cycles.

Methods: Plasma samples from healthy controls (n = 2), AD patients (AD, n =3) and Parkinson's disease patients (PD, n = 3) were collected by standardized procedure and immediately frozen at -80°C. Samples underwent 5 freeze/thaw (-80°C/room temperature) cycles. The concentrations of Aβ1-40, Aβ1-42, and T-tau were monitored during the freeze/thaw tests using an immunomagnetic reduction (IMR) assay. The relative percentage of concentrations after every freeze/thaw cycle was calculated for each biomarker.

Results: A tendency of decrease in the averaged relative percentages over samples through the freeze and thaw cycles for Aβ1-40 (100 to 97.11%), Aβ1-42 (100 to 94.99%), and T-tau (100 to 95.65%) was found. However, the decreases were less than 6%. For all three biomarkers, no statistical significance was found between the levels of fresh plasma and those of the plasma experiencing 5 freeze/thaw cycles (p > 0.1).

Conclusions: Plasma Aβ1-40, Aβ1-42, and T-tau are stable through 5 freeze/thaw cycles measured with IMR.

近年来,阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease, AD)血液生物标志物的研究备受关注。在临床研究中,反复的冷冻/解冻循环经常发生,并可能影响生物标志物的稳定性。本研究旨在研究血浆中淀粉样蛋白-β 1-40 (Aβ1-40)、淀粉样蛋白-β 1-42 (Aβ1-42)和总tau蛋白(T-tau)在冻融循环中的稳定性。方法:按标准化程序收集健康对照(n = 2)、AD患者(n =3)和帕金森病患者(n =3)的血浆样本,并立即在-80°C冷冻。样品经过5次冷冻/解冻(-80°C/室温)循环。采用免疫磁还原(IMR)法监测冻融试验期间Aβ1-40、Aβ1-42和T-tau蛋白的浓度。计算每个生物标志物在每次冷冻/解冻循环后的相对浓度百分比。结果:通过冻融循环,Aβ1-40、Aβ1-42和T-tau的平均相对百分比呈下降趋势,分别为100 ~ 97.11%、100 ~ 94.99%和100 ~ 95.65%。然而,降幅不到6%。对于所有三种生物标志物,新鲜血浆水平与经历5次冷冻/解冻循环的血浆水平之间无统计学意义(p > 0.1)。结论:血浆a - β1-40、a - β1-42和T-tau蛋白在IMR检测的5个冻融循环中保持稳定。
{"title":"Stability of Plasma Amyloid-β 1-40, Amyloid-β 1-42, and Total Tau Protein over Repeated Freeze/Thaw Cycles.","authors":"Huei-Chun Liu,&nbsp;Ming-Jang Chiu,&nbsp;Chin-Hsien Lin,&nbsp;Shieh-Yueh Yang","doi":"10.1159/000506278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000506278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Blood biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have attracted much attention of researchers in recent years. In clinical studies, repeated freeze/thaw cycles often occur and may influence the stability of biomarkers. This study aims to investigate the stability of amyloid-β 1-40 (Aβ<sub>1-40</sub>), amyloid-β 1-42 (Aβ<sub>1-42</sub>), and total tau protein (T-tau) in plasma over freeze/thaw cycles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Plasma samples from healthy controls (<i>n</i> = 2), AD patients (AD, <i>n =</i>3) and Parkinson's disease patients (PD, <i>n</i> = 3) were collected by standardized procedure and immediately frozen at -80°C. Samples underwent 5 freeze/thaw (-80°C/room temperature) cycles. The concentrations of Aβ<sub>1-40</sub>, Aβ<sub>1-42</sub>, and T-tau were monitored during the freeze/thaw tests using an immunomagnetic reduction (IMR) assay. The relative percentage of concentrations after every freeze/thaw cycle was calculated for each biomarker.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A tendency of decrease in the averaged relative percentages over samples through the freeze and thaw cycles for Aβ<sub>1-40</sub> (100 to 97.11%), Aβ<sub>1-42</sub> (100 to 94.99%), and T-tau (100 to 95.65%) was found. However, the decreases were less than 6%. For all three biomarkers, no statistical significance was found between the levels of fresh plasma and those of the plasma experiencing 5 freeze/thaw cycles (<i>p</i> > 0.1).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Plasma Aβ<sub>1-40</sub>, Aβ<sub>1-42</sub>, and T-tau are stable through 5 freeze/thaw cycles measured with IMR.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000506278","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10466665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Quantitative and Qualitative Analyses of the Clock Drawing Test in Fall and Non-Fall Patients with Alzheimer's Disease. 阿尔茨海默病跌倒与非跌倒患者时钟绘制试验的定量与定性分析。
IF 2.3 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2019-12-20 eCollection Date: 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1159/000502089
Yukiko Suzuki, Hideki Mochizuki, Mayuka Oki, Miyuki Matsumoto, Mitsuko Fukushima, Yukiko Yoshikawa, Akira Nagasawa, Tomokazu Takakura, Nobuaki Shimoda

Aim: The clock drawing test (CDT) is widely used as a visual spatial ability test and screening test for dementia patients. The appearance frequency of qualitative errors obtained through the qualitative analysis of CDT may be related to the participant's falls. The aim of this study was to clarify the difference in the number of people who presented with qualitative errors in the CDT between a fall and non-fall group of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: The CDT was implemented for 47 patients with AD. A quantitative analysis was conducted, and a qualitative analysis was performed for errors. The patients were divided into two groups based on their history of falls over the past year. The results of the CDT quantitative analysis were tested using the Mann-Whitney U test, and Fisher's exact test was employed to determine the difference in the number of people who presented with error types between the two groups (fall group, non-fall group) in the CDT qualitative analysis.

Results: In the quantitative analysis, a significant difference was found for the total scores, with the total CDT score of the fall group (n = 22) significantly lower than that of the non-fall group (n = 25) (p = 0.006, effect size: φ = 0.40). In the qualitative analysis, a significantly higher number of patients in the fall group than in the non-fall group presented with a conceptual deficit (p =0.001, φ = 0.51). No differences were found in the number of patients in the two groups who presented with the other five error types.

Conclusions: These results showed that a lower score in the CDT quantitative analysis might suggest an increased risk of falls. It was also clarified that a larger number of patients in the fall group than in the non-fall group presented with a conceptual deficit of the qualitative error types in the CDT. Therefore, these results suggest that the appearance of a conceptual deficit may be an index for the selection of patients with AD prone to falling when implementing fall prevention measures.

目的:时钟绘制试验(clock drawing test, CDT)作为一种视觉空间能力测试和痴呆患者的筛查试验被广泛应用。通过CDT定性分析获得的定性误差出现频率可能与参与者的跌倒有关。本研究的目的是澄清跌倒组和非跌倒组阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者CDT出现定性错误的人数的差异。方法:对47例AD患者进行CDT治疗。进行定量分析,对误差进行定性分析。根据过去一年的跌倒史,患者被分为两组。CDT定量分析结果采用Mann-Whitney U检验,定性分析采用Fisher精确检验确定两组(跌倒组和非跌倒组)出现错误类型人数的差异。结果:在定量分析中,两组总分有显著性差异,跌倒组(n = 22)的CDT总分显著低于未跌倒组(n = 25) (p = 0.006,效应量φ = 0.40)。在定性分析中,跌倒组出现概念缺陷的患者数量明显高于非跌倒组(p =0.001, φ = 0.51)。两组中出现其他五种错误类型的患者数量没有差异。结论:这些结果表明,CDT定量分析得分越低,跌倒风险越高。研究还表明,与非跌倒组相比,跌倒组中更多的患者对CDT的定性误差类型存在概念性缺陷。因此,这些结果表明,概念缺陷的出现可能是在实施预防跌倒措施时选择AD易感跌倒患者的一个指标。
{"title":"Quantitative and Qualitative Analyses of the Clock Drawing Test in Fall and Non-Fall Patients with Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Yukiko Suzuki,&nbsp;Hideki Mochizuki,&nbsp;Mayuka Oki,&nbsp;Miyuki Matsumoto,&nbsp;Mitsuko Fukushima,&nbsp;Yukiko Yoshikawa,&nbsp;Akira Nagasawa,&nbsp;Tomokazu Takakura,&nbsp;Nobuaki Shimoda","doi":"10.1159/000502089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000502089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The clock drawing test (CDT) is widely used as a visual spatial ability test and screening test for dementia patients. The appearance frequency of qualitative errors obtained through the qualitative analysis of CDT may be related to the participant's falls. The aim of this study was to clarify the difference in the number of people who presented with qualitative errors in the CDT between a fall and non-fall group of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The CDT was implemented for 47 patients with AD. A quantitative analysis was conducted, and a qualitative analysis was performed for errors. The patients were divided into two groups based on their history of falls over the past year. The results of the CDT quantitative analysis were tested using the Mann-Whitney U test, and Fisher's exact test was employed to determine the difference in the number of people who presented with error types between the two groups (fall group, non-fall group) in the CDT qualitative analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the quantitative analysis, a significant difference was found for the total scores, with the total CDT score of the fall group (<i>n</i> = 22) significantly lower than that of the non-fall group (<i>n</i> = 25) (<i>p</i> = 0.006, effect size: φ = 0.40). In the qualitative analysis, a significantly higher number of patients in the fall group than in the non-fall group presented with a conceptual deficit (<i>p =</i>0.001, φ = 0.51). No differences were found in the number of patients in the two groups who presented with the other five error types.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results showed that a lower score in the CDT quantitative analysis might suggest an increased risk of falls. It was also clarified that a larger number of patients in the fall group than in the non-fall group presented with a conceptual deficit of the qualitative error types in the CDT. Therefore, these results suggest that the appearance of a conceptual deficit may be an index for the selection of patients with AD prone to falling when implementing fall prevention measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000502089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37565100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
期刊
Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1