IF 1.6 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2026.100578

Arpit Raturi , Shivam Shekhar , Anurag Mishra , Saurabh Pandey , Ashutosh Singh

Indian mustard is the most important oilseed crop. It plays a very important role in the energy requirements and food security of India. However, drought stress has become a significant threat affecting its productivity. One mitigating strategy for combating drought stress includes plant growth regulators. Salicylic acid (SA) is a widely accepted molecule that mitigates drought stress by modulating downstream transcription factors. Therefore, the present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of SA on the drought tolerance of mustard and its cross-talk with the MYC gene family in drought tolerance. Three contrasting varieties (Kranti, NRCBH-101, and Rajendra Anukul) were evaluated for drought tolerance at 50% and 30% field capacity at flowering stage. Further, SA was sprayed after 10 days of drought exposure. The result showed that drought stress caused a significant effect on all morphological, physiological, and yield-related traits of all three varieties. SA spray improved the performance of mustard varieties. These three varieties respond differently against drought stress and SA spray, and based on their performance, NRCBH-101 was selected as moderate drought-tolerant and Rajendra Anukul as drought-susceptible. Further, these contrasting varieties were used for the MYC family gene expression study. In silico study, 68 MYC genes were identified in Brassica juncea. The tissue-specific expression study showed that three genes of the MYC genes family were highly expressed in the leaves tissue. These three genes were validated in drought-stress-contrasting sets of mustard varieties. The results showed that BjuB036713 was positively regulated, whereas BjuA015755 was negatively regulated under drought stress. The result also suggested that there is cross-talk between SA and MYC genes under drought stress. Overall, our study results could be extended to confirm the cross-talk of SA and MYC transcription factors for drought tolerance.

印度芥菜是最重要的油料作物。它在印度的能源需求和粮食安全方面发挥着非常重要的作用。然而，干旱胁迫已成为影响其生产力的重大威胁。对抗干旱压力的一种缓解策略包括植物生长调节剂。水杨酸（SA）是一种被广泛接受的通过调节下游转录因子来缓解干旱胁迫的分子。因此，本研究旨在评价SA对芥菜抗旱性的影响及其与MYC基因家族在抗旱性方面的串扰。对Kranti、NRCBH-101和Rajendra Anukul 3个对照品种在花期50%和30%田间容量下的抗旱性进行了评价。此外，SA在干旱暴露10天后喷洒。结果表明，干旱胁迫对3个品种的形态、生理和产量相关性状均有显著影响。喷施SA提高了芥菜品种的生产性能。3个品种对干旱胁迫和SA喷施的响应不同，选择NRCBH-101为中度耐旱品种，选择Rajendra Anukul为干旱敏感品种。此外，这些对比品种被用于MYC家族基因表达研究。在硅片研究中，在芥菜中鉴定出68个MYC基因。组织特异性表达研究表明，MYC基因家族中有3个基因在叶片组织中高表达。这三个基因在干旱胁迫对照的芥菜品种中得到了验证。结果表明：干旱胁迫下，BjuB036713受正向调控，BjuA015755受负向调控。在干旱胁迫下，SA和MYC基因之间存在串扰。总的来说，我们的研究结果可以扩展到证实SA和MYC转录因子的互扰耐旱性。

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引用次数: 0

Evolution of plant gene delivery: From biolistic to next-generation nanocarriers 植物基因传递的进化：从生物载体到下一代纳米载体

IF 1.6 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2026.100579

Parnasri Ghosh , Anamitra Goswami , Prashant Ratnaparkhi , Arunava Goswami , Igor Polikarpov , Moumita Sil

Improvements in plant genetic engineering are required to fulfil world's food security, environmental stability, and biotechnological development needs. Classical transformation protocols like Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, gene gun, electroporation, and PEG-mediated delivery have allowed the introduction of transgenes but are restricted by their species specificity, poor efficiency, and tissue destruction. Nanotechnology has evolved as a revolutionary technology in plant genetic modification by facilitating effective, efficient, and species-unrestricted delivery of DNA, RNA, and protein cargo through the plant cell wall. This article discusses the current advancements in nanoparticle-based gene delivery systems, such as lipoplexes, polyplexes, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, magnetic and viral nanoparticles. These systems provide benefits like increased cellular uptake, resistance to enzymatic degradation, and controlled release, while facilitating delivery of genome-editing reagents like CRISPR/Cas9. Additionally, gene delivery systems are key to the facilitation of plant molecular genetics by allowing accurate control and manipulation of target genes. Their combination with genome editing platforms like CRISPR/Cas9 has increased trait improvement approaches in contemporary crop biotechnology. The review investigates the potential of nanomaterials to boost stress tolerance, nutrient uptake, and biosensing, their potential for phytopathogen control, and controlled release of agrochemicals. In spite of their potential, there are concerns over nanoparticle-caused toxicity and environmental burden. Future work will need to focus on creating biodegradable nanomaterials with low toxicity and establishing safety measures for their introduction into agriculture. This review gives a holistic view of the synergy between nanotechnology and plant genetic engineering, the opportunities, the limitations, and prospects for sustainable crop enhancement.

为了满足世界粮食安全、环境稳定和生物技术发展的需要，需要改进植物基因工程。经典的转化方案，如农杆菌介导的转化、基因枪、电穿孔和peg介导的传递，已经允许转基因的引入，但受到其物种特异性、低效率和组织破坏的限制。纳米技术已经发展成为一项革命性的植物基因改造技术，它促进了DNA、RNA和蛋白质通过植物细胞壁的有效、高效和不受物种限制的传递。本文讨论了基于纳米颗粒的基因传递系统的最新进展，如脂质体、多聚体、介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒、碳纳米管、磁性纳米颗粒和病毒纳米颗粒。这些系统提供的好处包括增加细胞摄取、抵抗酶降解和控制释放，同时促进CRISPR/Cas9等基因组编辑试剂的递送。此外，基因传递系统是促进植物分子遗传学的关键，允许精确控制和操纵靶基因。它们与CRISPR/Cas9等基因组编辑平台的结合，增加了当代作物生物技术的性状改良方法。这篇综述探讨了纳米材料在提高胁迫耐受性、营养吸收和生物传感方面的潜力，以及它们在植物病原体控制和农用化学品控制释放方面的潜力。尽管它们具有潜力，但人们对纳米颗粒引起的毒性和环境负担感到担忧。未来的工作将需要集中于创造低毒的可生物降解纳米材料，并建立将其引入农业的安全措施。本文综述了纳米技术与植物基因工程的协同作用、可持续作物改良的机遇、局限性和前景。

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引用次数: 0

Deciphering biotic stress tolerance in small millets using multi-omics approach 利用多组学方法解译小小米的生物抗逆性

IF 1.6 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2026.100577

Varsha Rani , Dinesh Yadav

By 2050, the global population is expected to reach ten billion, posing a significant challenge for agriculture to meet the growing demand for food. Enhancing agricultural productivity through improved crop yields is crucial; however, the impacts of global warming and climate change pose significant challenges. Advances in genomic and genome modification technologies are vital for developing climate-resilient crops that can sustain productivity. Despite this, research efforts predominantly focus on staple crops like rice, wheat, and maize, while climate-resilient crops such as small millets, which offer superior nutritional value compared to cereals, remain overlooked and underutilized. Small millets, despite their resilience to climate variability and nutritional superiority, are susceptible to severe biotic stresses, including fungi, bacteria, viruses, weeds, and insect pest infestations. As a result of these stresses, yield and quality are adversely affected. Recent advances in genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics have enabled the identification of pathways that respond to diverse stresses, candidate genes, and molecular markers associated with resistance. A variety of disease-resistant and pest-tolerant millet varieties have been developed utilizing CRISPR/Cas9 and high-throughput sequencing technologies. Several machine learning and next-generation tools are also available for developing precision breeding methods and real-time disease monitoring. This review aims to identify the major biotic constraints affecting small millets. Furthermore, the article emphasizes the importance of genomics in unravelling stress tolerance mechanisms and integrating biotechnology into breeding programs to increase resilience. With the aid of these advancements, small millets can be targeted as a sustainable solution for food security and agroecological stability.

到2050年，全球人口预计将达到100亿，这对农业满足日益增长的粮食需求构成了重大挑战。通过提高作物产量来提高农业生产力至关重要；然而，全球变暖和气候变化的影响带来了重大挑战。基因组和基因组修饰技术的进步对于培育能够维持生产力的气候适应型作物至关重要。尽管如此，研究工作主要集中在水稻、小麦和玉米等主要作物上，而与谷物相比具有更高营养价值的小小米等适应气候变化的作物仍然被忽视和利用不足。小小米，尽管它们对气候变化的适应能力和营养优势，容易受到严重的生物胁迫，包括真菌、细菌、病毒、杂草和害虫的侵扰。由于这些压力，产量和质量受到不利影响。基因组学、转录组学和蛋白质组学的最新进展已经能够识别对不同胁迫、候选基因和与抗性相关的分子标记作出反应的途径。利用CRISPR/Cas9和高通量测序技术，已培育出多种抗病、耐虫小米品种。一些机器学习和下一代工具也可用于开发精确育种方法和实时疾病监测。本综述旨在确定影响小小米的主要生物限制。此外，本文还强调了基因组学在揭示抗逆性机制和将生物技术整合到育种计划中以提高抗逆性方面的重要性。在这些进步的帮助下，小小米可以成为粮食安全和农业生态稳定的可持续解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Integrative approaches of plant growth-promoting microbes, CRISPR/Cas gene editing, and AI/ML technologies for abiotic stress alleviation and support climate-resilient agriculture: A review 植物生长促进微生物、CRISPR/Cas基因编辑和AI/ML技术在缓解非生物胁迫和支持气候适应型农业中的综合方法综述

IF 1.6 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2026.100571

Aanand Kumar , Mayank Bhaskar , Anamika Kushwaha , Anupam Rawat , Radha Rani

Intensive anthropogenic activities have led to climate change and increased environmental pollution, which have seriously disrupted global ecosystems and agricultural productivity. The sustainability of food production is threatened by abiotic challenges that are growing more common in today's agriculture, such as salt, drought, temperature extremes (heat and cold), heavy metal toxicity, and synthetic pollution. As a result, creating resilient and ecologically sustainable farming methods is now crucial. Plant Growth Promoting Microbes (PGPMs) offer a promising sustainable option for improved soil health and increased plant tolerance under stress through the synthesis of phytohormones, osmolyte buildup, antioxidant activity, and enhanced nutrient uptake. Recent developments in CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing have made it possible to precisely modify the genes of beneficial microorganisms and stress-responsive plants, greatly accelerating the development of climate-resilient cultivars. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are transforming precision agriculture by utilizing environmental, multi-omics, and imaging data for real-time stress monitoring, predictive modeling, and resource optimization. In light of the threat posed by climate change, PGPMs, CRISPR-driven genetic improvement, and AI-powered analytics offer comprehensive and long-term strategies to lessen abiotic stressors, improve the intricate relationships between soil, plants, and microbes below ground, and increase agricultural productivity. In addition to lessening ecological footprints, this integrated approach shows the way toward resilient agroecosystems and worldwide food security in an era of climate change.

密集的人类活动导致气候变化和环境污染加剧，严重破坏了全球生态系统和农业生产力。粮食生产的可持续性受到当今农业中日益普遍的非生物挑战的威胁，如盐、干旱、极端温度（热和冷）、重金属毒性和合成污染。因此，创造有弹性和生态可持续的农业方法现在至关重要。植物生长促进微生物（PGPMs）通过合成植物激素、渗透物积累、抗氧化活性和增强养分吸收，为改善土壤健康和提高植物对胁迫的耐受性提供了一个有前途的可持续选择。基于CRISPR/ cas的基因组编辑技术的最新进展，使得精确修饰有益微生物和逆境响应植物的基因成为可能，极大地加速了气候适应型品种的发展。人工智能（AI）和机器学习（ML）通过利用环境、多组学和成像数据进行实时压力监测、预测建模和资源优化，正在改变精准农业。鉴于气候变化带来的威胁，pgpm、crispr驱动的基因改良和人工智能分析提供了全面和长期的战略，以减少非生物压力，改善土壤、植物和地下微生物之间的复杂关系，并提高农业生产力。除了减少生态足迹外，这种综合方法还为在气候变化时代实现有复原力的农业生态系统和全球粮食安全指明了道路。

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引用次数: 0

The emerging role of the plant epitranscriptome in regulating development and stress responses 植物表转录组在调控发育和胁迫反应中的新作用

IF 1.6 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2026.100576

Hanaa H. El-Shazly , Abdelfattah Badr , Heba Ebeed

Epitranscriptomics has gained attention due to the recent findings and potential utilization in crop breeding. Epitranscriptomics refers to modifications at the RNA level, which may be considered reversible chemical or enzymatic changes to the transcriptome without introducing changes into the RNA sequence but are functionally significant. These RNA modifications are known to have a far-reaching influence on plant development and adaptation to changing environment. This review summarizes the current epitranscriptomic landscape in plants, highlighting major RNA modifications and their regulatory enzymes, and discusses recent advances in understanding their roles in key physiological and developmental processes. Particular emphasis is placed on epitranscriptomic regulation of plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses and its contribution to stress memory and phenotypic plasticity under climate change scenarios. Furthermore, we explore the translational potential of epitranscriptomics in sustainable crop improvement, including its integration with genome editing and molecular breeding strategies. Collectively, this review provides an updated and critical perspective on how epitranscriptomic mechanisms can be harnessed to enhance crop resilience and productivity.

近年来，表观转录组学在作物育种中的研究成果和应用前景日益受到人们的关注。表转录组学是指RNA水平上的修饰，这可能被认为是可逆的化学或酶对转录组的改变，而不引入RNA序列的改变，但在功能上是显著的。这些RNA修饰对植物的发育和适应环境变化具有深远的影响。本文综述了植物表观转录组学的现状，重点介绍了主要的RNA修饰及其调控酶，并讨论了它们在关键生理和发育过程中的作用的最新进展。特别强调植物对非生物和生物胁迫反应的表转录组调控及其在气候变化情景下对胁迫记忆和表型可塑性的贡献。此外，我们探索了表观转录组学在可持续作物改良中的转化潜力，包括其与基因组编辑和分子育种策略的整合。总的来说，这篇综述为如何利用表转录组学机制来提高作物抗逆性和生产力提供了一个最新的和批判性的视角。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic, biochemical and molecular characterization of Amrapali/Vanraj mango (Mangifera indica L.) hybrids for peel and pulp color Amrapali/Vanraj芒果（Mangifera indica L.）杂种果皮和果肉颜色的遗传、生化和分子特征

IF 1.6 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2026.100575

Sinchana Jain N.R. , M. Sankaran , M.R. Dinesh , T. Sakthivel , K.V. Ravishankar , K.S. Shivashankara , R. Venugopalan , K. Hima Bindu , P.E. Rajasekharan , C.V. Nandeesha , E. Dayanandhi

Color is a key quality attribute in fruit breeding, driven primarily by anthocyanins and carotenoids, responsible for vibrant hues observed in fruits. Along with it, they also possess health benefits owing to their potential nutraceutical properties. Despite these significance, limited information available on pigment composition of mango peel. This study aimed to profile anthocyanin and carotenoid pigments in Amrapali/Vanraj mango progenies showing phenotypic polymorphism with respect to peel and pulp color. The red color of mango peel is primarily due to anthocyanins, with delphinidin being the prominent one, followed by cyanidin. The dominant yellow color of peel is linked to β-carotene alone with minor contribution from α-carotene, and other compounds. The pulp color was predominantly attributed to β-carotene and Lutein. The genetics of color analyzed through chi-square test revealed the involvement of two genes with recessive epistatic governance of peel color. Further qRTPCR analysis revealed the role of structural and regulatory genes of carotenoid and anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway in imparting color. Additionally, correlation studies revealed, the accumulation of pigments in peel and pulp of mango were controlled by differential expression of genes of respective pathway.

颜色是水果育种的一个关键品质属性，主要由花青素和类胡萝卜素驱动，负责在水果中观察到的鲜艳色调。除此之外，由于其潜在的营养成分，它们还具有健康益处。尽管具有这些意义，但关于芒果皮色素组成的信息有限。本研究旨在分析Amrapali/Vanraj芒果果皮和果肉颜色表型多态性后代的花青素和类胡萝卜素。芒果皮的红色主要是由于花青素，其中最主要的是飞燕苷，其次是花青素。果皮的主要黄色仅与β-胡萝卜素有关，α-胡萝卜素和其他化合物也有少量贡献。果肉的颜色主要归因于β-胡萝卜素和叶黄素。通过卡方检验对果皮颜色的遗传进行分析，发现有两个基因参与果皮颜色的隐性上位性控制。进一步的qRTPCR分析揭示了类胡萝卜素和花青素生物合成途径的结构和调控基因在颜色赋予中的作用。此外，相关研究表明，芒果果皮和果肉色素的积累受各自途径基因的差异表达控制。

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引用次数: 0

Integrative omics-based biotechnological strategies for deciphering plant stress responses 基于整合组学的生物技术策略解读植物的胁迫反应

IF 1.6 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2026.100573

Maahi Choure , Piyush Kant Rai , Kamlesh Kumar Soni , P.S. Bisen , V. Vivekanand , Vishal Sharma , Aradhana Mishra , Piyush Pandey , Kamlesh Choure

Abiotic and biotic stresses have intensified in recent years, seriously threatening global food security and agricultural productivity. Recent developments in omics technologies, including genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, phenomics, and epigenomics, have greatly enhanced our understanding of plants' molecular mechanisms and physiological aspects under stress. Because of such technologies, researchers can now thoroughly profile genes, transcripts, proteins, metabolites, and epigenetic alterations with these high-throughput approaches. This shows us how complex regulatory networks control how plants adapt to environmental changes. Integrating multi-omics data has made finding important stress-responsive genes, regulatory elements, and metabolic pathways easier. This has made it possible to create crop varieties that are more resilient through marker-assisted selection, genome editing, and precision breeding. However, technologies like artificial intelligence and machine learning made it easy to analyze the data by finding the hidden patterns and predicting plant responses to different stresses. The real challenges with such technologies are data integration, protocol standardization, and their integration for single and spatial omics. Future directions stress the importance of strong computational tools, research platforms that involve everyone, and climate-smart breeding pipelines that use integrated omics to support sustainable agriculture. Ultimately, the convergence of multi-omics and systems biology approaches offers unprecedented opportunities to accelerate crop improvement, ensuring food security and agricultural sustainability in the face of climate change. Here, we would briefly overview current omics-based research detailing how plants respond during abiotic and biotic stress. We would give a brief account of methods of analysis of data and applicability. Lastly, we would briefly consider possible future methods of employing multi-omics and computational resources in breeding stress-competent crops and ensuring sustainable agriculture.

近年来，非生物和生物压力加剧，严重威胁到全球粮食安全和农业生产力。基因组学、蛋白质组学、转录组学、代谢组学、表型组学和表观基因组学等组学技术的最新发展，极大地提高了我们对植物胁迫分子机制和生理方面的认识。由于这些技术，研究人员现在可以通过这些高通量方法彻底分析基因、转录本、蛋白质、代谢物和表观遗传改变。这向我们展示了复杂的调控网络如何控制植物如何适应环境变化。整合多组学数据可以更容易地找到重要的应激反应基因、调节元件和代谢途径。这使得通过标记辅助选择、基因组编辑和精确育种创造更有弹性的作物品种成为可能。然而，人工智能和机器学习等技术通过发现隐藏的模式和预测植物对不同压力的反应，使分析数据变得容易。这些技术面临的真正挑战是数据集成、协议标准化以及它们对单一组学和空间组学的集成。未来的发展方向强调强大的计算工具、人人参与的研究平台以及利用综合组学支持可持续农业的气候智能型育种管道的重要性。最终，多组学和系统生物学方法的融合为加速作物改良、在气候变化面前确保粮食安全和农业可持续性提供了前所未有的机会。在这里，我们将简要概述当前基于组学的研究，详细介绍植物如何应对非生物和生物胁迫。我们将简要介绍数据分析方法及其适用性。最后，我们将简要地考虑利用多组学和计算资源在培育抗逆性作物和确保农业可持续发展方面可能的未来方法。

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引用次数: 0

Resolving species delimitation in Terminalia L. (Combretaceae) using a multilocus DNA barcoding approach 利用多位点DNA条形码方法解决龙葵属（combretacae）的种划分问题

IF 1.6 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2026.100574

Pramod Kumar, Vinod Kataria

The genus Terminalia L. (Combretaceae) includes morphologically similar, ecologically significant, and pharmacologically valuable tree species distributed across tropical and subtropical regions. Taxonomic resolution within Terminalia remains challenging due to phenotypic plasticity, morphological convergence, and synonymy among closely related taxa. This study applied a multilocus DNA barcoding strategy to clarify species relationships and assess phylogenetic distinctness among five taxa T. pendula, T. pendula var. pendula, T. anogeissiana, T. coronata, T. coronata var. parvifolia, collected from Rajasthan, India. Four molecular loci, comprising nuclear ITS and plastid matK, rbcL, and psbA-trnH, were amplified and sequenced. Alignments and phylogenetic inferences were performed in MEGA v.12.0 using the Maximum Likelihood method under the Kimura 2-Parameter model with 1000 bootstrap replicates. Plastid regions exhibited AT-rich sequences, whereas nuclear ITS showed elevated GC content, reflecting distinct evolutionary constraints. The matK locus contained the highest number of parsimony-informative sites, providing superior species-level resolution. Concatenated multilocus phylogenies (bootstrap support >85%) consistently separate T. anogeissiana from the remaining taxa, while different loci variously group T. pendula, T. pendula var. pendula, T. coronata, and T. coronata var. parvifolia into closely related clusters. This molecular framework offers a foundation for taxonomic clarification, biodiversity conservation, and pharmacognostic authentication, supporting matK as the core barcode marker, supplemented by rbcL and multilocus approaches in future Terminalia systematics and molecular ecology research. Among the four loci, matK showed the highest nucleotide diversity and parsimony-informative sites, whereas ITS displayed low variability in this dataset.

终端属（combreacae）包括分布在热带和亚热带地区的形态相似、生态重要和有药理价值的树种。由于在密切相关的分类群中存在表型可塑性、形态趋同和同义性等问题，终端属的分类解决仍然具有挑战性。本研究采用多位点DNA条形码技术，对采自印度拉贾斯坦邦的5个分类群T. pendula、T. pendula var. pendula、T. anogeissiana、T. coronata、T. coronata var. parvifolia进行了物种关系分析和系统发育差异评价。扩增并测序了核ITS和质体matK、rbcL、psbA-trnH等4个分子位点。在MEGA v.12.0中使用最大似然法在Kimura 2参数模型下进行比对和系统发育推断，有1000个bootstrap重复。质体区域具有丰富的at序列，而核ITS则具有较高的GC含量，反映了不同的进化约束。matK位点包含最多的简约性信息位点，提供了优越的物种水平分辨率。串联的多位点系统发育（bootstrap support >85%）一致地将T. pendula、T. pendula var. pendula、T. coronata和T. coronata var. parvifolia划分为密切相关的类群。该分子框架为植物分类澄清、生物多样性保护和生药学鉴定提供了基础，支持matK作为核心条形码标记，rbcL和多位点方法在未来植物系统学和分子生态学研究中得到补充。在这四个基因座中，matK显示出最高的核苷酸多样性和简约性信息位点，而ITS在该数据集中显示出较低的变异性。

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引用次数: 0

Why juvenile reddening occurs in many plants 为什么许多植物会发生幼年发红

IF 1.6 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2026.100572

Tao Zhou, Muhetaer Zhare, Gulimire Kakeshe, Ayimire Maolamu, Hadier Yishake, Yue Pan

Many plants display striking juvenile reddening phenomenon due to the accumulation of anthocyanins in juvenile shoots (young leaves) but not in adult tissues. Anthocyanins are beneficial for fragile shoots to defend against biotic and abiotic stresses, and have ornamental and edible value. Although the biosynthesis pathways and regulatory factors of plant anthocyanins have been well identified in the past few decades, the reasons and molecular regulatory mechanisms for the tissue-specific enrichment of anthocyanins in young leaves have not been elucidated.

In this review, we searched for clues related to anthocyanin enrichment in young tissues and emphasized the key role of major growth related regulatory factors in anthocyanin biosynthesis in plant seedlings.

由于花青素在幼芽（幼叶）中积累，而不是在成体组织中积累，许多植物表现出明显的幼年变红现象。花青素有利于脆弱嫩枝抵御生物和非生物胁迫，具有观赏和食用价值。虽然在过去的几十年里，植物花青素的生物合成途径和调控因子已经被很好地确定，但花青素在幼嫩叶片中组织特异性富集的原因和分子调控机制尚未阐明。本文旨在寻找花青素在幼嫩组织中富集的相关线索，并强调主要生长相关调控因子在植物幼苗花青素生物合成中的关键作用。

引用次数: 0

In silico retrieval of sulfiredoxin from Setaria italica, Panicum miliaceum, and Eleusine coracana: Sequence characterization, structural modeling, and protein–protein interaction analysis 从意大利狗尾草、千年狗尾草和河豚鱼中提取硫毒毒素的计算机检索：序列表征、结构建模和蛋白相互作用分析

IF 1.6 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2026.100570

Rahul Thakur , Arvind Gupta , Kanchan Rauthan , Deepti Dixit , Arzoo Choudhary , Ashutosh Kumar Pandey , Atul Krishna Dev , Saurabh Yadav

Millets such as Eleusine coracana (finger millet), Panicum miliaceum (proso millet), and Setaria italica (foxtail millet) are resilient, climate-adapted cereals of high nutritional and agronomic importance. Oxidative stress, often triggered by reactive oxygen species (ROS), is quenched by efficient antioxidant system comprising of enzymatic antioxidants of redoxin family viz. thioredoxins, glutaredoxins, peroxiredoxins, nucleoredoxins, sulfiredoxins etc. VOS viewer analysis showed less number of scholarly articles published on sulfiredoxin. Sulfiredoxin (SRX) is a thiol-specific oxidoredutase and in this study, sulfiredoxin protein sequences were retrieved in silico from E. coracana, P. miliaceum, and S. italica, followed by multiple sequence alignment, domain analysis, and phylogenetic analysis. A conserved FG/SGCHR signature motif, known to function as ADP-binding domain, was observed across all three species, along with extensive sequence conservation in several organisms and is indicative of evolutionary stability. Domain annotations confirmed the presence of the ParB/SRX superfamily across all species, affirming conserved structural and functional integrity within millets. Homology modeling of the SRX proteins revealed a conserved architecture, consistent with the canonical structure of sulfiredoxins. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis identified conserved interaction profiles among SRX proteins, notably with peroxiredoxins suggesting their role in ROS detoxification pathways. Furthermore, a SRX-PRX interaction was observed across the three millet species. These findings collectively underscore the conserved nature of SRX-mediated antioxidant defense in millets and provide a foundational framework for future biotechnological applications targeting redox balance and oxidative stress mitigation in plants.

小米如Eleusine coracana（指黍）、Panicum miliaceum （proso millet）和Setaria italica（狐尾粟）是具有高营养和农艺重要性的适应性强、适应气候的谷物。氧化应激通常是由活性氧（ROS）引发的，由氧化还氧蛋白家族的酶促抗氧化剂组成的高效抗氧化系统，即硫氧还毒素、glutaredoxins、过氧还毒素、核氧还毒素、硫氧还毒素等抗氧化系统来抑制氧化应激。VOS查看器分析显示，发表的关于硫氧还毒素的学术文章较少。硫氧还蛋白（Sulfiredoxin， SRX）是一种硫醇特异性氧化还原酶，本研究从E. coracana、P. miliaceum和S. italica中提取硫氧还蛋白序列，并进行多序列比对、结构域分析和系统发育分析。保守的FG/SGCHR特征基序，被称为adp结合域，在所有三个物种中都观察到，以及在几个生物体中广泛的序列保守，这表明进化稳定性。结构域注释证实了ParB/SRX超家族在所有物种中的存在，确认了小米内部保守的结构和功能完整性。同源性建模显示SRX蛋白具有保守的结构，与硫毒素的典型结构一致。蛋白-蛋白相互作用（PPI）网络分析发现了SRX蛋白之间的保守相互作用谱，特别是与过氧化物还毒素的相互作用表明它们在ROS解毒途径中的作用。此外，在3种谷子中观察到SRX-PRX互作。这些发现共同强调了srx介导的小米抗氧化防御的保守性，并为未来针对植物氧化还原平衡和氧化应激缓解的生物技术应用提供了基础框架。

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