Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2311
E. Eze
Introduction: Prothrombin time (PT), International normalized ratio (INR) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) are screening tests used to evaluate the overall integrity of the intrinsic, extrinsic and common coagulation pathway as well as monitoring and management of coagulation disorders. This study was aimed at assessing the PT, INR and APTT among apparently healthy undergraduate Medical Laboratory Science students of Rivers State University, Port Harcourt. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 apparently healthy undergraduate Medical Laboratory Science students of Rivers State University, Port Harcourt comprising of 44 males and 56 females within the age range of 17-40 years were recruited for this study. Five milliliters (5ml) of venous blood was collected from each participant using a standard venipuncture technique into a vacutainer bottle containing 3.2% tri-sodium citrate anticoagulant in a ratio of 1:9 of the anticoagulant and the blood and mixed thoroughly. Prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were determined by clotting method using the Helena C4 semi-automated, photo-optical coagulation analyzer and the Agappe thromboplastin test kit manufactured by Agappe Diagnostics Switzerland while INR was calculated by using the ratio of the study subjects’ PT to the mean of control PT raised to the power of the reagent international sensitivity index (ISI). The data obtained was analyzed using Graphpad Prism Software version 6.00. Data was presented as means, median, range and standard deviation. Results: The mean ± SD of the PT, INR and APTT were 12.9± 1.624s, 1.01±0.1281 and 37.99±8.898s in the same order. The reference intervals obtained for PT, INR and APTT were 9.7-16.2s, 0.8-1.3 and APTT 20.2-55.8s in the same order. The lower limits were within the ranges established by previous researchers while the upper limits were higher. The age range 21-25 had the highest frequency count (54), which was followed by <20 (26), 26-30 (17) and then <30 (3). The overall mean values for the age groups were within the established normal values and as such no statistically significant difference was observed between the various groups. Conclusion: This study has established the mean values and reference intervals of PT, INR and APTT for apparently healthy Medical Laboratory Science undergraduate students of Rivers State University, Port Harcourt as well as established that age does not have any significant effect on PT, INR and APTT. Due to geography, lifestyle, and genetic diversity, it is recommended that each laboratory establishes geography-specific reference intervals for PT, INR and APTT.
{"title":"Levels of some coagulation parameters among apparently healthy Medical Laboratory Science undergraduate students of Rivers State University, Port Harcourt","authors":"E. Eze","doi":"10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2311","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Prothrombin time (PT), International normalized ratio (INR) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) are screening tests used to evaluate the overall integrity of the intrinsic, extrinsic and common coagulation pathway as well as monitoring and management of coagulation disorders. This study was aimed at assessing the PT, INR and APTT among apparently healthy undergraduate Medical Laboratory Science students of Rivers State University, Port Harcourt. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 apparently healthy undergraduate Medical Laboratory Science students of Rivers State University, Port Harcourt comprising of 44 males and 56 females within the age range of 17-40 years were recruited for this study. Five milliliters (5ml) of venous blood was collected from each participant using a standard venipuncture technique into a vacutainer bottle containing 3.2% tri-sodium citrate anticoagulant in a ratio of 1:9 of the anticoagulant and the blood and mixed thoroughly. Prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were determined by clotting method using the Helena C4 semi-automated, photo-optical coagulation analyzer and the Agappe thromboplastin test kit manufactured by Agappe Diagnostics Switzerland while INR was calculated by using the ratio of the study subjects’ PT to the mean of control PT raised to the power of the reagent international sensitivity index (ISI). The data obtained was analyzed using Graphpad Prism Software version 6.00. Data was presented as means, median, range and standard deviation. Results: The mean ± SD of the PT, INR and APTT were 12.9± 1.624s, 1.01±0.1281 and 37.99±8.898s in the same order. The reference intervals obtained for PT, INR and APTT were 9.7-16.2s, 0.8-1.3 and APTT 20.2-55.8s in the same order. The lower limits were within the ranges established by previous researchers while the upper limits were higher. The age range 21-25 had the highest frequency count (54), which was followed by <20 (26), 26-30 (17) and then <30 (3). The overall mean values for the age groups were within the established normal values and as such no statistically significant difference was observed between the various groups. Conclusion: This study has established the mean values and reference intervals of PT, INR and APTT for apparently healthy Medical Laboratory Science undergraduate students of Rivers State University, Port Harcourt as well as established that age does not have any significant effect on PT, INR and APTT. Due to geography, lifestyle, and genetic diversity, it is recommended that each laboratory establishes geography-specific reference intervals for PT, INR and APTT.","PeriodicalId":380612,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Laboratory Haematology and Transfusion Science","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126569421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2323
J. Udosen, J. Akpotuzor
Introduction: Three years after its declaration as a pandemic, countries and regions are still gathering data on the epidemiology of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Following the relaxation of many restrictions earlier imposed to curb spread and the observation of some sort of seasonal surge in infection rates, it is still not clear whether the disease should remain a pandemic. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Ninety-two adult male and female patients presenting with common symptoms associated with COVID-19 disease were enrolled at the Outpatient Department of the facility. Ethical approval was duly sought and obtained from The Ethics and Health Research Committee of the hospital. Informed consent was obtained from each study participant. The COVID-19 testing was determined using Panbio COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test Device from Abbott (United States). Results are presented as numbers and frequencies. Results: Among outpatients presenting with symptoms such as fever and midnight sweats, body aches and pain, difficulty in breathing as well as cough and catarrh, the prevalence of COVID-19 was observed to be 15.2%. On the knowledge of the respondents regarding COVID-19, majority (80.6%) had a prior knowledge while 19.4% lacked knowledge of COVID-19. Conclusion: This study observed 15.2% prevalence for COVID-19 infection among outpatients in a Nigerian tertiary hospital. There still exists persons (19.4%) who lack knowledge of the disease.
{"title":"PREVALENCE OF COVID-19 INFECTION AMONG OUTPATIENTS ATTENDING A NIGERIAN TERTIARY HOSPITAL","authors":"J. Udosen, J. Akpotuzor","doi":"10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2323","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Three years after its declaration as a pandemic, countries and regions are still gathering data on the epidemiology of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Following the relaxation of many restrictions earlier imposed to curb spread and the observation of some sort of seasonal surge in infection rates, it is still not clear whether the disease should remain a pandemic. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Ninety-two adult male and female patients presenting with common symptoms associated with COVID-19 disease were enrolled at the Outpatient Department of the facility. Ethical approval was duly sought and obtained from The Ethics and Health Research Committee of the hospital. Informed consent was obtained from each study participant. The COVID-19 testing was determined using Panbio COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test Device from Abbott (United States). Results are presented as numbers and frequencies. Results: Among outpatients presenting with symptoms such as fever and midnight sweats, body aches and pain, difficulty in breathing as well as cough and catarrh, the prevalence of COVID-19 was observed to be 15.2%. On the knowledge of the respondents regarding COVID-19, majority (80.6%) had a prior knowledge while 19.4% lacked knowledge of COVID-19. Conclusion: This study observed 15.2% prevalence for COVID-19 infection among outpatients in a Nigerian tertiary hospital. There still exists persons (19.4%) who lack knowledge of the disease.","PeriodicalId":380612,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Laboratory Haematology and Transfusion Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129309608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2211
J. Asuquo, D. Okpokam, J. Akpotuzor, A. Emeribe
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is known to be the leading cause of death globally and it is responsible for one third of all global deaths.The research was conducted to assess some complete blood count, von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen, C reactive protein and ABO blood group that could serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and sixty persons were studied, comprising 200 CVD subjects and 160 apparently healthy persons as controls, between 35-82 years of age. Fifty-nine percent of the CVD subjects were male while female constituted 41%. Questionnaires and folders were used to obtain information. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 22. ABO blood group was determined by standard tube method. Complete Blood Count was carried out with Sysmex counter, von Willebrand factor, Fibrinogen levels and C reactive protein were determined by Enzyme-Link Immuno-sorbent Assay methods, while plasma glucose and lipid profile were determined by colorimetric method. Systolic Blood Pressure and Diastolic Blood Pressure of the participants were determined. Results: Significantly higher value were observed for SBP, DBP, vWf, WBC, RDW-CV, FPG, CRP and MPV among CVD subjects, when compared to control group, While significant lower level of platelet count were recorded among CVD subjects (200.43±70.45/l) compared to control group (234.91±48.85). CVD subjects on treatment recorded significant lower value of vWf (p=0.000) and FPG (p=0.000), compared with untreated subjects. Classification of subjects based on ABO blood type revealed that group O had significantly lower vwf (p=0.000), Group A had significant higher value of plasma glucose compared to other groups. Group A also recorded significant higher value of LDL than other blood groups. CVD subjects who smoke cigarettes had significant raised glucose levels (p=0.005) than non-smokers. Significantly lower level of CRP (4.63±3.77mg/L) was seen in female subjects compared to the male (6.41±4.35mg/L). Conclusion: It concludes that CBC, vWf, SBP, and DBP showed mild significant increase in their plasma level in CVD subjects and their assay should form part of the markers for routine diagnosis of CVD in UCTH and can be useful for monitoring of treatment.
{"title":"Role of von Willebrand Factor, Fibrinogen, C Reactive Protein, Complete Blood Count and ABO blood type in monitoring ABO –typed Cardiovascular Disease patients attending University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria","authors":"J. Asuquo, D. Okpokam, J. Akpotuzor, A. Emeribe","doi":"10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2211","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is known to be the leading cause of death globally and it is responsible for one third of all global deaths.The research was conducted to assess some complete blood count, von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen, C reactive protein and ABO blood group that could serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and sixty persons were studied, comprising 200 CVD subjects and 160 apparently healthy persons as controls, between 35-82 years of age. Fifty-nine percent of the CVD subjects were male while female constituted 41%. Questionnaires and folders were used to obtain information. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 22. ABO blood group was determined by standard tube method. Complete Blood Count was carried out with Sysmex counter, von Willebrand factor, Fibrinogen levels and C reactive protein were determined by Enzyme-Link Immuno-sorbent Assay methods, while plasma glucose and lipid profile were determined by colorimetric method. Systolic Blood Pressure and Diastolic Blood Pressure of the participants were determined. Results: Significantly higher value were observed for SBP, DBP, vWf, WBC, RDW-CV, FPG, CRP and MPV among CVD subjects, when compared to control group, While significant lower level of platelet count were recorded among CVD subjects (200.43±70.45/l) compared to control group (234.91±48.85). CVD subjects on treatment recorded significant lower value of vWf (p=0.000) and FPG (p=0.000), compared with untreated subjects. Classification of subjects based on ABO blood type revealed that group O had significantly lower vwf (p=0.000), Group A had significant higher value of plasma glucose compared to other groups. Group A also recorded significant higher value of LDL than other blood groups. CVD subjects who smoke cigarettes had significant raised glucose levels (p=0.005) than non-smokers. Significantly lower level of CRP (4.63±3.77mg/L) was seen in female subjects compared to the male (6.41±4.35mg/L). Conclusion: It concludes that CBC, vWf, SBP, and DBP showed mild significant increase in their plasma level in CVD subjects and their assay should form part of the markers for routine diagnosis of CVD in UCTH and can be useful for monitoring of treatment.","PeriodicalId":380612,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Laboratory Haematology and Transfusion Science","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132608052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2319
N. Ernest
Introduction: Human red blood cells contain on their surface a series of glycoproteins and glycolipids which constitute the blood group antigens, which are also related to many clinical problems associated with transfusion reactions Aim of study: This study is aimed at providing information on the ABO and Rhesus Blood grouping in Relation to occurrence of stillbirth, Miscarriage and transfusion status among pregnant women attending Antenatal Clinic in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study comprising of 400 pregnant women, aged 16 – 45years and who gave their informed consent was used. ABO and Rhesus blood groups were analysed using commercially prepared reagent. Haemolysin test and antibody screening were performed using standard cells. Results: Most of the pregnant women were aged 16 – 36 years and no underweight pregnant women were recorded in this study. The prevalence of ABO blood group among the pregnant women showed the decreasing order of O>A>B>AB. It was observed that blood group O appeared about 3 times the prevalent of each group. The prevalence of Rhesus positive and Negative was 95% and 5% respectively. 5.5% of stillbirth was recorded while miscarriage had a prevalence of 17%. Approximately 5% of the pregnant women received blood transfusion. Rhesus blood group was found to be associated with still-birth (P=0.004). Conclusion: ABO blood group distribution was in the order O>A>B>AB 63%, 20%, 14% and 3.0%. On the other hand, the study shows the prevalence of Rhesus D’ positive and Rhesus D’ negative to be 95% and 5% respectively. Blood group ‘O’ and rhesus positive blood group were predominant in stillbirth, miscarriages and transfusion status. It is recommended that the use of group O blood free from haemolysin α and β should only be transfused to pregnant women because of risk to the foetus.
人体红细胞表面含有一系列的糖蛋白和糖脂，这些糖蛋白和糖脂构成血型抗原，也与输血反应相关的许多临床问题有关。本研究旨在提供ABO和恒河猴血型与尼日利亚卡拉巴尔卡拉巴尔大学教学医院产前诊所孕妇死产、流产和输血状况的相关信息。材料和方法:采用一项描述性横断面研究，包括400名年龄在16 - 45岁之间且知情同意的孕妇。用市售试剂分析ABO血型和恒河猴血型。采用标准细胞进行溶血素试验和抗体筛选。结果:本组孕妇年龄在16 ~ 36岁之间，无体重过轻孕妇。孕妇ABO血型患病率依次为O>A>B>AB。观察到O型血的出现率约为各组的3倍。恒河鼠阳性率为95%，阴性阳性率为5%。死产5.5%，流产率17%。大约5%的孕妇接受了输血。恒河猴血型与死产相关(P=0.004)。结论:ABO血型分布顺序为O>A>B>AB 63%、20%、14%、3.0%。另一方面，研究显示，Rhesus D '阳性和阴性的患病率分别为95%和5%。死产、流产和输血情况以O型血和恒河阳性血为主。建议使用不含溶血素α和β的O型血只输给孕妇，因为对胎儿有危险。
{"title":"Haemolysin test, ABO and Rhesus Blood grouping in Relation to occurrence of stillbirth, Miscarriage and transfusion status among Pregnant Women in University of Calabar, Nigeria","authors":"N. Ernest","doi":"10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2319","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Human red blood cells contain on their surface a series of glycoproteins and glycolipids which constitute the blood group antigens, which are also related to many clinical problems associated with transfusion reactions Aim of study: This study is aimed at providing information on the ABO and Rhesus Blood grouping in Relation to occurrence of stillbirth, Miscarriage and transfusion status among pregnant women attending Antenatal Clinic in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study comprising of 400 pregnant women, aged 16 – 45years and who gave their informed consent was used. ABO and Rhesus blood groups were analysed using commercially prepared reagent. Haemolysin test and antibody screening were performed using standard cells. Results: Most of the pregnant women were aged 16 – 36 years and no underweight pregnant women were recorded in this study. The prevalence of ABO blood group among the pregnant women showed the decreasing order of O>A>B>AB. It was observed that blood group O appeared about 3 times the prevalent of each group. The prevalence of Rhesus positive and Negative was 95% and 5% respectively. 5.5% of stillbirth was recorded while miscarriage had a prevalence of 17%. Approximately 5% of the pregnant women received blood transfusion. Rhesus blood group was found to be associated with still-birth (P=0.004). Conclusion: ABO blood group distribution was in the order O>A>B>AB 63%, 20%, 14% and 3.0%. On the other hand, the study shows the prevalence of Rhesus D’ positive and Rhesus D’ negative to be 95% and 5% respectively. Blood group ‘O’ and rhesus positive blood group were predominant in stillbirth, miscarriages and transfusion status. It is recommended that the use of group O blood free from haemolysin α and β should only be transfused to pregnant women because of risk to the foetus.","PeriodicalId":380612,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Laboratory Haematology and Transfusion Science","volume":"10 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130038972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2312
Zaccheaus Awortu. Jeremiah
Introduction: Sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive disorder in which patients inherit one mutated copy of the β-globin gene from each parent. This inheritance results to sickle-shaped red blood cell and associated fragility which results in the destruction of the patients red blood cells. This project was carried out as a population genetic study to determine the frequencies of the haemoglobin haplotypes (A and S) and allelic frequencies with a view to predicting the dynamics of the abnormal genes using a typical African community as a case study. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and twenty-eight (228) subjects constituted the study population of which one hundred and sixty four (164) were males (28%). Haemoglobin electrophoresis membrane at a pH 8.6 was used to establish the haemoglobin electrophoretic pattern of the study population. Results: The haemoglobin electrophoretic pattern of the study participants were as follows: Hb AA (60.5%), Hb AS (25.5%) and HbSS (14%). The distribution among males were; HbAA (62.2%), HbAS (29.3%) and HbSS (8.5%). and females: Hb AA (56.3%), HbAS (15 .6%), HbSS (28.1%). The HbA haplotype frequency was 0.732 while the HbS was 0.268. the allelic frequencies obtained by Hardy-Weinberg calculation were as follows. HbAA (0.536), HbAS (0.392) and Hb SS (0.072). The χ2 value of 29.475 obtained in this study was higher than the 3.84 at 5% significant level, hence, the null hypothesis that the population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was accepted.. Conclusion: The study revealed high homozygous HbSS inheritance among females (28.1%) meaning that females are more affected than the males. The frequency of HbAS is expected to increase as this population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. More awareness and sensitization is needed in our communities in order to reduce the prevalence of sickle cell anaemia in our African society.
简介:镰状细胞病是一种常染色体隐性遗传病，患者从父母双方遗传一个突变的β-珠蛋白基因拷贝。这种遗传导致镰状红细胞及其相关的脆弱性，从而导致患者红细胞的破坏。该项目是作为一项群体遗传研究进行的，目的是确定血红蛋白单倍型(a和S)的频率和等位基因的频率，以期预测异常基因的动态，并以一个典型的非洲社区为例进行研究。材料与方法:228名受试者构成研究人群，其中164名男性(28%)。用pH 8.6的血红蛋白电泳膜建立研究人群的血红蛋白电泳图谱。结果:研究参与者的血红蛋白电泳模式如下:Hb AA (60.5%)， Hb as(25.5%)和HbSS(14%)。在男性中的分布为;HbAA(62.2%)、HbAS(29.3%)和HbSS(8.5%)。女性:Hb AA(56.3%)、HbAS(15.6%)、HbSS(28.1%)。HbA单倍型频率为0.732,HbS为0.268。Hardy-Weinberg计算得到的等位基因频率如下:HbAA(0.536)、HbAS(0.392)、Hb SS(0.072)。在5%显著性水平下，本研究得到的χ2值为29.475，高于3.84，因此接受总体不处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡的原假设。结论:女性HbSS高纯合遗传(28.1%)，女性比男性受影响更大。HbAS的频率预计会增加，因为这一人群不处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态。我们的社区需要更多的认识和宣传，以减少我们非洲社会中镰状细胞性贫血的流行。
{"title":"Haemoglobin Haplotypes and Probable Allelic Frequencies of natives of Okolobiri Community, Nigeria: A population genetic study","authors":"Zaccheaus Awortu. Jeremiah","doi":"10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2312","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive disorder in which patients inherit one mutated copy of the β-globin gene from each parent. This inheritance results to sickle-shaped red blood cell and associated fragility which results in the destruction of the patients red blood cells. This project was carried out as a population genetic study to determine the frequencies of the haemoglobin haplotypes (A and S) and allelic frequencies with a view to predicting the dynamics of the abnormal genes using a typical African community as a case study. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and twenty-eight (228) subjects constituted the study population of which one hundred and sixty four (164) were males (28%). Haemoglobin electrophoresis membrane at a pH 8.6 was used to establish the haemoglobin electrophoretic pattern of the study population. Results: The haemoglobin electrophoretic pattern of the study participants were as follows: Hb AA (60.5%), Hb AS (25.5%) and HbSS (14%). The distribution among males were; HbAA (62.2%), HbAS (29.3%) and HbSS (8.5%). and females: Hb AA (56.3%), HbAS (15 .6%), HbSS (28.1%). The HbA haplotype frequency was 0.732 while the HbS was 0.268. the allelic frequencies obtained by Hardy-Weinberg calculation were as follows. HbAA (0.536), HbAS (0.392) and Hb SS (0.072). The χ2 value of 29.475 obtained in this study was higher than the 3.84 at 5% significant level, hence, the null hypothesis that the population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was accepted.. Conclusion: The study revealed high homozygous HbSS inheritance among females (28.1%) meaning that females are more affected than the males. The frequency of HbAS is expected to increase as this population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. More awareness and sensitization is needed in our communities in order to reduce the prevalence of sickle cell anaemia in our African society.","PeriodicalId":380612,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Laboratory Haematology and Transfusion Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131259676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2320
J. Udosen
Introduction: Breast cancer is witnessing increasing detection in Nigeria following more awareness and access to medical care. It is predominantly observed in the same group (women of reproductive age) with the highest prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection. This study focused on breast cancer and HIV infection co-morbidity with regards to cytopenia during a follow-up period. Methods: This follow-up study enrolled 50 persons living with HIV (PLWH) and accessing care at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital at Calabar, Southern Nigeria. Breast cancer co-morbidity and other clinical information were retrieved from patients’ folders. Blood sample was appropriately obtained from each subject at intervals of six months starting from the time of diagnosis and analysed by automation for blood cell and CD4 counts. Frequencies, student T-test was used for analysis of data. Statistical significance was drawn at a p≤ 0.05. Results: Mean values of haemoglobin concentration, CD4 count and platelet count were significantly lower among PLWH compared to control subjects. The prevalence of HIV infection and breast cancer co-morbidity was observed to be 6%. There was reduction in the prevalence of cytopenia as duration of therapy progressed. Anaemia and immunosuppression were not completely addressed after one year of therapy. Conclusion: The study observed 6% of breast cancer co-morbidity in HIV infection among women of reproductive age. Unresolved cytopenia remains a challenge in HIV infection, particularly with breast cancer co-morbidity, even after a year of adhering to antiretroviral therapy.
{"title":"BREAST CANCER CO-MORBIDITY AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV INFECTION IN SOUTHERN NIGERIA","authors":"J. Udosen","doi":"10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2320","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Breast cancer is witnessing increasing detection in Nigeria following more awareness and access to medical care. It is predominantly observed in the same group (women of reproductive age) with the highest prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection. This study focused on breast cancer and HIV infection co-morbidity with regards to cytopenia during a follow-up period. Methods: This follow-up study enrolled 50 persons living with HIV (PLWH) and accessing care at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital at Calabar, Southern Nigeria. Breast cancer co-morbidity and other clinical information were retrieved from patients’ folders. Blood sample was appropriately obtained from each subject at intervals of six months starting from the time of diagnosis and analysed by automation for blood cell and CD4 counts. Frequencies, student T-test was used for analysis of data. Statistical significance was drawn at a p≤ 0.05. Results: Mean values of haemoglobin concentration, CD4 count and platelet count were significantly lower among PLWH compared to control subjects. The prevalence of HIV infection and breast cancer co-morbidity was observed to be 6%. There was reduction in the prevalence of cytopenia as duration of therapy progressed. Anaemia and immunosuppression were not completely addressed after one year of therapy. Conclusion: The study observed 6% of breast cancer co-morbidity in HIV infection among women of reproductive age. Unresolved cytopenia remains a challenge in HIV infection, particularly with breast cancer co-morbidity, even after a year of adhering to antiretroviral therapy.","PeriodicalId":380612,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Laboratory Haematology and Transfusion Science","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132508707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2324
S. A. Lawal
Introduction: Influence of Blood storage lesions on Red Blood Cells transfusion recovery and therapeutic efficacies have been well documented. Several stabilizing additives to counteract or minimize these untoward changes have been formulated. Despite these stabilizers, detectable hemolysis occurs in the blood stored in the blood bank hence, need for search on other contributing factors. Assessment of the effects of Blood Donation Frequencies and Types of Blood Donors on Storage Lesions as Assessed by the Level of Antioxidants and Lipid Peroxidation. Materials and Methods: Ethically approved cross sectional experimental research on a total numbers of 120 recruited male of family replacement donors (n=30) and Remunerated donors (n=90). Remunerated donors were grouped into three (3) based on the frequency of donation per year as mild (n=30), moderate (n=30) and high frequency (n=30) donors. Four hundred and fifty milliliters (450 ml) of blood drawn from each donor into double blood bag containing CPDA-1 anticoagulant. 100 ml of well mixed blood was transferred into the satellite bag, detached and stored in the blood bank at 2-6 C for 35 days. The blood samples analyzed for MDA, TAP, URIC, and GSH at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days of storage. Results: In the recruited donors, majority were above 40 years of age where family donors had secondary education, government employed; feed majorly on carbohydrate, none alcohol drinkers, none cigarette smokers with history of donating more than four years before the study and less than four times donation frequency per year. Remunerated blood donors had primary education, self-employed, moderate alcohol drinkers and moderate cigarette smokers donating more than four times a year and more than four years donation experience. In this study, the GPX, TAP and Uric acids for family were higher than remunerated at baseline and the values decrease across the week for both categories. MDA value for family was lower than remunerated donors at baseline and the values increase across the week for both categories. Conclusion: This study established variation in oxidant and antioxidants levels in whole blood stored up to 5 weeks influenced by Blood Donation Frequencies and Types of Blood Donors on Storage Lesions.
{"title":"Frequencies of blood donation and types of blood donors on storage lesions as assessed by antioxidants and lipid peroxidation levels","authors":"S. A. Lawal","doi":"10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2324","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Influence of Blood storage lesions on Red Blood Cells transfusion recovery and therapeutic efficacies have been well documented. Several stabilizing additives to counteract or minimize these untoward changes have been formulated. Despite these stabilizers, detectable hemolysis occurs in the blood stored in the blood bank hence, need for search on other contributing factors. Assessment of the effects of Blood Donation Frequencies and Types of Blood Donors on Storage Lesions as Assessed by the Level of Antioxidants and Lipid Peroxidation. Materials and Methods: Ethically approved cross sectional experimental research on a total numbers of 120 recruited male of family replacement donors (n=30) and Remunerated donors (n=90). Remunerated donors were grouped into three (3) based on the frequency of donation per year as mild (n=30), moderate (n=30) and high frequency (n=30) donors. Four hundred and fifty milliliters (450 ml) of blood drawn from each donor into double blood bag containing CPDA-1 anticoagulant. 100 ml of well mixed blood was transferred into the satellite bag, detached and stored in the blood bank at 2-6 C for 35 days. The blood samples analyzed for MDA, TAP, URIC, and GSH at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days of storage. Results: In the recruited donors, majority were above 40 years of age where family donors had secondary education, government employed; feed majorly on carbohydrate, none alcohol drinkers, none cigarette smokers with history of donating more than four years before the study and less than four times donation frequency per year. Remunerated blood donors had primary education, self-employed, moderate alcohol drinkers and moderate cigarette smokers donating more than four times a year and more than four years donation experience. In this study, the GPX, TAP and Uric acids for family were higher than remunerated at baseline and the values decrease across the week for both categories. MDA value for family was lower than remunerated donors at baseline and the values increase across the week for both categories. Conclusion: This study established variation in oxidant and antioxidants levels in whole blood stored up to 5 weeks influenced by Blood Donation Frequencies and Types of Blood Donors on Storage Lesions.","PeriodicalId":380612,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Laboratory Haematology and Transfusion Science","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124792392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2318
P. Akpan, C. Okwara, P.M Wonah
Introduction: Cooking gas in the form of liquefied petroleum gas is sold in gas stations and outlets by vendors who do not use personal protective equipment despite working in a high-risk environment hence they have a high exposure to inhalation of the chemicals in the gas. This study assessed the full blood count and haemorheologic variables of vendors exposed to liquefied petroleum gas. Methods: Forty gas vendors were enrolled from four gas stations in Calabar while forty apparently healthy individuals who do not work in gas-related jobs were recruited as control. Ethical approval was granted by the Cross River State Ministry of Health, Calabar. Permission to enroll workers was obtained from the management of gas stations while study subjects gave informed consent. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain demographic information and health history while blood pressure, weight and height were measured using standard instruments; the body mass index was calculated. The full blood count and haemorheologic variables were determined by standard methods. Data analysis was done using a student t-test on SPSS version 21 and a P value ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age was 25.9±3.2 years and 26.5±6.5 years for the test and control groups with gas vendors being predominantly males (97.5%). Work duration of 97.5% of gas vendors was ≤5 years. Sixty percent of the control and 42.5% of the gas vendors engaged in regular exercise while 40% and 57.5% do not. Sixty-seven-point five percent (67.5%) of the control rarely go for medical checks and 27.5% had never had a medical check with only 2% who check often. For the gas vendors, 55% have never had a medical check while 45% of them rarely check. Also, 42.5% of the control have never or rarely checked their blood pressure while 15% check often; 62.5% of the gas vendors have never checked their blood pressure while 37.5% rarely check. There was a family history of hypertension for 2 (5%) of the control and none for the test group. Also, 1 (2.5%) of the gas vendors had a history of fainting episodes while 39 of them and the control did not. Only 10% and 20% of the gas vendors use nose mask and hand gloves with the use of overalls and safety boots being 40% for each. The body mass index of the control group (25.15kg/m2) was not different (P>0.05) from that of the test group (24.53kg/m2). Whereas the systolic blood pressure was higher for the gas vendors than the control (126.47mmHg and 120.32mmHg), the diastolic blood pressures were comparable (74.60mmHg versus 72.92mmHg). The full blood count shows the red blood cell count, haematocrit and haemoglobin of the gas vendors were significantly higher (P<0.05) than the control value while the mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin were comparable (P>0.05). Again, the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and red cell distribution width standard deviation of the gas vendors were significantly higher (P<0.05) versus the con
{"title":"Full blood count and some haemorheologic variables of vendors exposed to liquefied petroleum (cooking) gas: a comparative study","authors":"P. Akpan, C. Okwara, P.M Wonah","doi":"10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59708/ajlhts.v2i2.2318","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cooking gas in the form of liquefied petroleum gas is sold in gas stations and outlets by vendors who do not use personal protective equipment despite working in a high-risk environment hence they have a high exposure to inhalation of the chemicals in the gas. This study assessed the full blood count and haemorheologic variables of vendors exposed to liquefied petroleum gas. Methods: Forty gas vendors were enrolled from four gas stations in Calabar while forty apparently healthy individuals who do not work in gas-related jobs were recruited as control. Ethical approval was granted by the Cross River State Ministry of Health, Calabar. Permission to enroll workers was obtained from the management of gas stations while study subjects gave informed consent. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain demographic information and health history while blood pressure, weight and height were measured using standard instruments; the body mass index was calculated. The full blood count and haemorheologic variables were determined by standard methods. Data analysis was done using a student t-test on SPSS version 21 and a P value ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age was 25.9±3.2 years and 26.5±6.5 years for the test and control groups with gas vendors being predominantly males (97.5%). Work duration of 97.5% of gas vendors was ≤5 years. Sixty percent of the control and 42.5% of the gas vendors engaged in regular exercise while 40% and 57.5% do not. Sixty-seven-point five percent (67.5%) of the control rarely go for medical checks and 27.5% had never had a medical check with only 2% who check often. For the gas vendors, 55% have never had a medical check while 45% of them rarely check. Also, 42.5% of the control have never or rarely checked their blood pressure while 15% check often; 62.5% of the gas vendors have never checked their blood pressure while 37.5% rarely check. There was a family history of hypertension for 2 (5%) of the control and none for the test group. Also, 1 (2.5%) of the gas vendors had a history of fainting episodes while 39 of them and the control did not. Only 10% and 20% of the gas vendors use nose mask and hand gloves with the use of overalls and safety boots being 40% for each. The body mass index of the control group (25.15kg/m2) was not different (P>0.05) from that of the test group (24.53kg/m2). Whereas the systolic blood pressure was higher for the gas vendors than the control (126.47mmHg and 120.32mmHg), the diastolic blood pressures were comparable (74.60mmHg versus 72.92mmHg). The full blood count shows the red blood cell count, haematocrit and haemoglobin of the gas vendors were significantly higher (P<0.05) than the control value while the mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin were comparable (P>0.05). Again, the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and red cell distribution width standard deviation of the gas vendors were significantly higher (P<0.05) versus the con","PeriodicalId":380612,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Laboratory Haematology and Transfusion Science","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123674678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.59708/ajlhts.v2i1.2306
David Olufemi, Tesleemah Oluwakemi Davies-Folorunsho, A. A. Ademosun, Nuryn Abdulganiyu, Pius Omosigho Omoruyi, Matthew Olaniyan, M. Muhibi
Introduction:Thrombocytopenia due to insufficient thromboxane A2 activation has been an independent predictor associated with bleeding in some pregnant women living with HIV. More so, the elevation in the systemic vasoconstriction by the abnormal activation of platelets through thromboxane A2 is a multi-system disorder during pregnancy resulting in maternal hypertension which is one of the major underlying pathophysiological occurrences in women with preeclampsia. Materials and Method: A cross-sectional, descriptive study to determine platelet activities in pregnant women living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus on HAART residing in Lagos State, was carried out. A total of 80 samples were collected; 40 from pregnant women on HAART (group A), 20 samples from HIV negative pregnant women (group B) and 20 from non-pregnant HIV positive women on HAART (group C). The samples were analyzed using automated haematology analyzer (MIDRAY BC 10), platelets morphology was reviewed from blood films stained by Leishman stain and thromboxane A2 was quantified using standard ELISA technique. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23.0. Values were considered significantly different at P < 0.05. Results:The platelets count results revealed the mean ± standard error of mean (SEM) in group A, group B and group C as 236.27 ± 11.40, 227.26 ± 16.44 and 246.21 ± 21.54 respectively ( p = 0.743). The Platelet distribution width (PDW) revealed the mean ± SEM in group A, group B and group C as 13.50 ± 0.42 ,13.36 ± 0.53 and 12.56 ± 0.52 ( p = 0.390 ) . As for mean platelet volume (MPV), the mean ± SEM for group A, group B and group C were 12.36 ± 1.96, 10.71 ± 0.37, and 10.45 ± 1.78 respectively(p = 0.671). The mean ± SEM of thromboxane A2 in group A, group B and group C were 367.65 ± 37.74, 135.85 ± 51.69 and 276.10 ± 50.90 (p = 0.02). Conclusion and Recommendation: This study showed platelet aggregation in group A, group B and group C were 7.5% , 0%, and 2%; and this could be one of the suggestive factors in the increase in coagulation activities found in pregnancy. Thromboxane A2 level reflects a recent activation of platelets, thus it serves as a good biomarker. It is recommended that research be conducted to establish reference ranges of Thromboxane A2 for categories of normal individuals, including pregnant women in Lagos while attention should be paid to platelet activity studies in the Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) programmes, to prevent mortality of participants on account of platelet aberrations.
{"title":"Platelet activities in pregnant women living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus on HAART in Lagos , Nigeria.","authors":"David Olufemi, Tesleemah Oluwakemi Davies-Folorunsho, A. A. Ademosun, Nuryn Abdulganiyu, Pius Omosigho Omoruyi, Matthew Olaniyan, M. Muhibi","doi":"10.59708/ajlhts.v2i1.2306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59708/ajlhts.v2i1.2306","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction:Thrombocytopenia due to insufficient thromboxane A2 activation has been an independent predictor associated with bleeding in some pregnant women living with HIV. More so, the elevation in the systemic vasoconstriction by the abnormal activation of platelets through thromboxane A2 is a multi-system disorder during pregnancy resulting in maternal hypertension which is one of the major underlying pathophysiological occurrences in women with preeclampsia. Materials and Method: A cross-sectional, descriptive study to determine platelet activities in pregnant women living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus on HAART residing in Lagos State, was carried out. A total of 80 samples were collected; 40 from pregnant women on HAART (group A), 20 samples from HIV negative pregnant women (group B) and 20 from non-pregnant HIV positive women on HAART (group C). The samples were analyzed using automated haematology analyzer (MIDRAY BC 10), platelets morphology was reviewed from blood films stained by Leishman stain and thromboxane A2 was quantified using standard ELISA technique. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23.0. Values were considered significantly different at P < 0.05. Results:The platelets count results revealed the mean ± standard error of mean (SEM) in group A, group B and group C as 236.27 ± 11.40, 227.26 ± 16.44 and 246.21 ± 21.54 respectively ( p = 0.743). The Platelet distribution width (PDW) revealed the mean ± SEM in group A, group B and group C as 13.50 ± 0.42 ,13.36 ± 0.53 and 12.56 ± 0.52 ( p = 0.390 ) . As for mean platelet volume (MPV), the mean ± SEM for group A, group B and group C were 12.36 ± 1.96, 10.71 ± 0.37, and 10.45 ± 1.78 respectively(p = 0.671). The mean ± SEM of thromboxane A2 in group A, group B and group C were 367.65 ± 37.74, 135.85 ± 51.69 and 276.10 ± 50.90 (p = 0.02). Conclusion and Recommendation: This study showed platelet aggregation in group A, group B and group C were 7.5% , 0%, and 2%; and this could be one of the suggestive factors in the increase in coagulation activities found in pregnancy. Thromboxane A2 level reflects a recent activation of platelets, thus it serves as a good biomarker. It is recommended that research be conducted to establish reference ranges of Thromboxane A2 for categories of normal individuals, including pregnant women in Lagos while attention should be paid to platelet activity studies in the Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) programmes, to prevent mortality of participants on account of platelet aberrations.","PeriodicalId":380612,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Laboratory Haematology and Transfusion Science","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115192922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.59708/ajlhts.v2i1.2301
Luqman. O Olatunbosun, Ghalil A Eltahir, Abdulraheem Ameen A, Fatai D Olalere, S. Lawal, S. A. Biliaminu, K. Ogunwale, S. Atunwa, Oyenike A Musiliu, Ibrahim K Lawal
Introduction: Radiotherapy is an outstanding and efficacious mode of cancer management. Immune dyscrasia and dyshaemopoiesis in patients being managed with radiotherapy are well documented. Currently, no ideal radio-immuno-haematologic countermeasures in clinical use especially because, of their toxicities at the optimal concentrations exists. This study assessed the countermeasure effects of Parquetina nigrescens, Camellia sinensis and Telfairia occidentalis on immune syndrome in irradiated guineapigs. Methods: Thirty guineapigs were randomly assigned to nine groups: [A1-A4 (Pre), B1-B4 (Post) and C (Control)] where (n = 3)/group for countermeasure studies. Animals were exposed to 4.0 Gy whole-body Co60 while extracts were administered twice daily at concentrations of 400 mg/ml, 1000 mg/ml, 900 mg/ml of C. sinensis, P. nigrescens and T. occidentalis respectively. Peripheral whole blood was collected on days (D): baseline, D0 [24 hours after radiation], D3, D9 and D14. Haemogram and CD4 were analyzed. Results: Lymphocyte immune-phenotypes (CD4, Twbc), Abs. Neutrophil and Neutrophil:Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) counts were significantly increased from day 3 to 14 except NLR that was erratic on day 14 (p = 0.01). Contrarily, Absolute Lymphocyte counts were significantly decreased from day 3 to 9 then increased significantly on day 14 (p = 0.00) with significant NLR similarly on day 14 (p = 0.02). Conclusion: The results indicate a significant decrease in lymphocyte-immunophenotypes in group C as compared to groups A and B, suggesting that extracts showed significant ameliorating effects in groups A and B probably by minimizing the activation of ROS/NOS. The leaves’ extracts of Camellia sinensis, Parquetina nigrescens and Telfairia occidentalis showed potent counter-effects to radiation-induced haemopoietic and immune dyscrasia syndromes in guineapigs.
{"title":"Cobalt-60 lymphocytes immuno-phenotypes/myeloid-lymphoid toxicities and countermeasure effects of aqueous extracts of Parquetina nigrescens, Camellia sinensis and Telfairia occidentalis in guineapigs","authors":"Luqman. O Olatunbosun, Ghalil A Eltahir, Abdulraheem Ameen A, Fatai D Olalere, S. Lawal, S. A. Biliaminu, K. Ogunwale, S. Atunwa, Oyenike A Musiliu, Ibrahim K Lawal","doi":"10.59708/ajlhts.v2i1.2301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59708/ajlhts.v2i1.2301","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Radiotherapy is an outstanding and efficacious mode of cancer management. Immune dyscrasia and dyshaemopoiesis in patients being managed with radiotherapy are well documented. Currently, no ideal radio-immuno-haematologic countermeasures in clinical use especially because, of their toxicities at the optimal concentrations exists. This study assessed the countermeasure effects of Parquetina nigrescens, Camellia sinensis and Telfairia occidentalis on immune syndrome in irradiated guineapigs. Methods: Thirty guineapigs were randomly assigned to nine groups: [A1-A4 (Pre), B1-B4 (Post) and C (Control)] where (n = 3)/group for countermeasure studies. Animals were exposed to 4.0 Gy whole-body Co60 while extracts were administered twice daily at concentrations of 400 mg/ml, 1000 mg/ml, 900 mg/ml of C. sinensis, P. nigrescens and T. occidentalis respectively. Peripheral whole blood was collected on days (D): baseline, D0 [24 hours after radiation], D3, D9 and D14. Haemogram and CD4 were analyzed. Results: Lymphocyte immune-phenotypes (CD4, Twbc), Abs. Neutrophil and Neutrophil:Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) counts were significantly increased from day 3 to 14 except NLR that was erratic on day 14 (p = 0.01). Contrarily, Absolute Lymphocyte counts were significantly decreased from day 3 to 9 then increased significantly on day 14 (p = 0.00) with significant NLR similarly on day 14 (p = 0.02). Conclusion: The results indicate a significant decrease in lymphocyte-immunophenotypes in group C as compared to groups A and B, suggesting that extracts showed significant ameliorating effects in groups A and B probably by minimizing the activation of ROS/NOS. The leaves’ extracts of Camellia sinensis, Parquetina nigrescens and Telfairia occidentalis showed potent counter-effects to radiation-induced haemopoietic and immune dyscrasia syndromes in guineapigs.","PeriodicalId":380612,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Laboratory Haematology and Transfusion Science","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123950690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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