{"title":"Social media in the presidential election campaign: Slovakia 2019","authors":"M. Svidroňová, A. Kaščáková, Gabriela Bambusekova","doi":"10.24818/amp/2019.33-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/amp/2019.33-11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38266,"journal":{"name":"Administratie si Management Public","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85055019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article analyzes motivation and demotivation factors affecting the work of the public sector. The study determines the essence and nature of motivation. Modern motivation types and theories are considered. The concepts of motivation management in public administration are studied.The main motivation and demotivation factors affecting labor productivity and efficiency in the public service are identified and analyzed. Modern concepts of public administration in terms of education management, training of public administrators are studied. With the help of comparative analysis tools, the basic components of motivation management systems in the public administration sector are studied on the example of EU countries. Changes in motivation systems (including those related to restructuring salary) are analyzed on the example of civil servants of the EU countries. The relationship is revealed between career models of civil servants in Western Europe and the size of their payment.A model is developed for assessing the influence of motivating and demotivating factors on the results of a civil servant's work. Such a model is based on the experience of developed countries of the EU and the USA, as well as on the basic principles of the social exchange theory. The results of the study are universal in nature and may be applicable while studying methods and tools of motivation management in the public administration sector.
{"title":"Motivation and demotivation factors affecting productivity in public sector","authors":"K. Al-Tkhayneh, S. Kot, V. Shestak","doi":"10.24818/amp/2019.33-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/amp/2019.33-05","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes motivation and demotivation factors affecting the work of the public sector. The study determines the essence and nature of motivation. Modern motivation types and theories are considered. The concepts of motivation management in public administration are studied.The main motivation and demotivation factors affecting labor productivity and efficiency in the public service are identified and analyzed. Modern concepts of public administration in terms of education management, training of public administrators are studied. With the help of comparative analysis tools, the basic components of motivation management systems in the public administration sector are studied on the example of EU countries. Changes in motivation systems (including those related to restructuring salary) are analyzed on the example of civil servants of the EU countries. The relationship is revealed between career models of civil servants in Western Europe and the size of their payment.A model is developed for assessing the influence of motivating and demotivating factors on the results of a civil servant's work. Such a model is based on the experience of developed countries of the EU and the USA, as well as on the basic principles of the social exchange theory. The results of the study are universal in nature and may be applicable while studying methods and tools of motivation management in the public administration sector.","PeriodicalId":38266,"journal":{"name":"Administratie si Management Public","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78531606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of institutional constraints and business network on trust in government: an institutional perspective","authors":"Gentjan Çerae, M. Meço, E. Çera, Sadik Maloku","doi":"10.24818/amp/2019.33-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/amp/2019.33-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38266,"journal":{"name":"Administratie si Management Public","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77886904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comparative analysis of developmental progression: The case of Poland and South Africa","authors":"N. Meyer, D. Meyer","doi":"10.24818/amp/2019.33-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/amp/2019.33-09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38266,"journal":{"name":"Administratie si Management Public","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88702191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The importance of studying tax evasion derives from its effects. The state budget of public revenues, which could be used to finance public health services, education, public order and safety, etc., is being damaged by evasion. At the same time, tax evasion also has negative effects in the market economy, generating unfair competition. The study of tax evasion is of major relevance in determining the degree of economic, social and even cultural development of a country. The analysis of tax evasion aims at identifying the causes that lead to tax evasion, as well as identifying new solutions for higher voluntary compliance. The work is focused on the analysis of the causes and effects that will indicate the possible solutions to be applied in order to reduce the phenomenon of evasion tax. The results of the research show the impact of fiscal policies on the economy and the ways in which the reduction of tax evasion generates a considerable increase of the macroeconomic indicators that characterize the economy of a country.
{"title":"The interdependence between fiscal public policies and tax evasion","authors":"Armenia Androniceanu, Rodica Gherghina, Marilena Ciobănașu","doi":"10.24818/AMP/2019.32-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/AMP/2019.32-03","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of studying tax evasion derives from its effects. The state budget of public revenues, which could be used to finance public health services, education, public order and safety, etc., is being damaged by evasion. At the same time, tax evasion also has negative effects in the market economy, generating unfair competition. The study of tax evasion is of major relevance in determining the degree of economic, social and even cultural development of a country. The analysis of tax evasion aims at identifying the causes that lead to tax evasion, as well as identifying new solutions for higher voluntary compliance. The work is focused on the analysis of the causes and effects that will indicate the possible solutions to be applied in order to reduce the phenomenon of evasion tax. The results of the research show the impact of fiscal policies on the economy and the ways in which the reduction of tax evasion generates a considerable increase of the macroeconomic indicators that characterize the economy of a country.","PeriodicalId":38266,"journal":{"name":"Administratie si Management Public","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81919583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research is devoted to test the feasibility of tax counterbalancing policy in developing country with focus on Indonesia. This research is motivated by the fact that the corporate income tax rate in Indonesia is relatively high compared to other south east Asian countries. The method uses the (quadratic) almost ideal demand system which has been widely used to analyze the demand system simultaneously. The estimation usesseemingly unrelated regression estimation approachwith quarterly data during the period of 20012016. The result presents that tax counterbalancing policy can be implemented in the short term. The reduction in corporation income tax rate imposed on the primary sectors can be substituted by the increase in tax rate in services sector. By removing informal sector, tax counterbalancing policy will potentially address not only the soundness of state budget but also promote the economic development. Eventually, fiscal policy could play an important role both in stimulation and stabilization in the long run.
{"title":"Tax counterbalancing in developing countries the case of Indonesia","authors":"H. Kuncoro","doi":"10.24818/AMP/2019.32-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/AMP/2019.32-06","url":null,"abstract":"This research is devoted to test the feasibility of tax counterbalancing policy in developing country with focus on Indonesia. This research is motivated by the fact that the corporate income tax rate in Indonesia is relatively high compared to other south east Asian countries. The method uses the (quadratic) almost ideal demand system which has been widely used to analyze the demand system simultaneously. The estimation usesseemingly unrelated regression estimation approachwith quarterly data during the period of 20012016. The result presents that tax counterbalancing policy can be implemented in the short term. The reduction in corporation income tax rate imposed on the primary sectors can be substituted by the increase in tax rate in services sector. By removing informal sector, tax counterbalancing policy will potentially address not only the soundness of state budget but also promote the economic development. Eventually, fiscal policy could play an important role both in stimulation and stabilization in the long run.","PeriodicalId":38266,"journal":{"name":"Administratie si Management Public","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87128533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Public procurement is a very important area of competitiveness development of the countries. Significant public sector financial resources are allocated through public procurement. Over the last decade, there has been a growing demand for an investigation of the efficiency of public procurement processes. In the research studies, analyses focusing on methodological aspects, efficiency assessment models, economic and transaction costs and other economic parameters in relation to public procurement have begun to appear gradually. Their importance has increased in the recent period, especially in the era associated with a lack of financial resources in the economic and social spheres. A correct determination of the mechanisms ensuring the implementation of transparent competition is able to allow improvement of competitive environment. Such aspects prompt this study, which is aimed at examination of the selected parameters of public procurement in the tertiary education sector and their impact on the final cost of the public procurement contract. There are no such sectoral analyses within the national environments, making it difficult to create an international comparative basis. The aim of the paper is to investigate the impact of the selected public procurement parameters on the final price. These parameters are subcontractor participation, European funds funding, usage of electronic auction, type of procured item, and procurement procedure. Besides these ones, public procurement processes also influence the final price. Approximately, a share of 95 % from the expected price is reflected in the final price, whilst a mean regression coefficient of the number of offers reaches a level of -17499.07 in the year 2017. The outcome of the analysis can help the procurers to identify the behavior of public procurement and to confirm or disprove the significance of the parameters that are examined using the quantitative methods. The results of this analysis are beneficial for national policymakers as well as national and international benchmarking.
{"title":"Economic aspects of public procurement parameters in tertiary education sector","authors":"B. Gavurová, D. Tuček, Viliam Kováč","doi":"10.24818/amp/2019.32-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/amp/2019.32-04","url":null,"abstract":"Public procurement is a very important area of competitiveness development of the countries. Significant public sector financial resources are allocated through public procurement. Over the last decade, there has been a growing demand for an investigation of the efficiency of public procurement processes. In the research studies, analyses focusing on methodological aspects, efficiency assessment models, economic and transaction costs and other economic parameters in relation to public procurement have begun to appear gradually. Their importance has increased in the recent period, especially in the era associated with a lack of financial resources in the economic and social spheres. A correct determination of the mechanisms ensuring the implementation of transparent competition is able to allow improvement of competitive environment. Such aspects prompt this study, which is aimed at examination of the selected parameters of public procurement in the tertiary education sector and their impact on the final cost of the public procurement contract. There are no such sectoral analyses within the national environments, making it difficult to create an international comparative basis. The aim of the paper is to investigate the impact of the selected public procurement parameters on the final price. These parameters are subcontractor participation, European funds funding, usage of electronic auction, type of procured item, and procurement procedure. Besides these ones, public procurement processes also influence the final price. Approximately, a share of 95 % from the expected price is reflected in the final price, whilst a mean regression coefficient of the number of offers reaches a level of -17499.07 in the year 2017. The outcome of the analysis can help the procurers to identify the behavior of public procurement and to confirm or disprove the significance of the parameters that are examined using the quantitative methods. The results of this analysis are beneficial for national policymakers as well as national and international benchmarking.","PeriodicalId":38266,"journal":{"name":"Administratie si Management Public","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84918029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Public workers have requirement and characteristics of public jobs are differed from the private ones. It is likely to be more related on political issues. They have to adjust their work orientations in different regimes obligations. They will play different behaviors and attitudes on their jobs. Hence it is important to investigate the effect of their behavior on their attitudes. The services theory could make more academic alternative to solve the problems of the complex service of public workes. OCBO is suggested to be represented to the service theory. However, stronger worker-institution attachment are able to achieve higher work performance. Accordinglythis study is aimed to explore the various roles of commitment on the effect of Organizational citizenship behavior-organization (OCBO) on Public Workers’ in-role performance. The commitment of public workers is investigated as the mediation of the effect of Organizational citizenship behavior-organization (OCBO) on Public Workers’ in-role performance.University staffs are employed to this research. The findings show that OCBO is significantly has an effect on their performance. The Affective, normative and continuance commitment have different roles on the effect of OCBO on inrole performance. The emotional attachment plays a significant role on OCBO rather than feeling of obligation to create stronger effect of OCBO on in-role performance. Public workers are likely to show their emotional attachment at work rather than their feeling of obligation. The high political issues are more regarded as an investment orientation rather the feeling obligation to the regime. The feeling obligation is accepted when investment orientation and emotion attachment is reached. The implications and future research are
{"title":"The role of commitment on the effect of public workers’ OCBO on in-role performance","authors":"S. Indartono, N. Faraz","doi":"10.24818/AMP/2019.32-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/AMP/2019.32-08","url":null,"abstract":"Public workers have requirement and characteristics of public jobs are differed from the private ones. It is likely to be more related on political issues. They have to adjust their work orientations in different regimes obligations. They will play different behaviors and attitudes on their jobs. Hence it is important to investigate the effect of their behavior on their attitudes. The services theory could make more academic alternative to solve the problems of the complex service of public workes. OCBO is suggested to be represented to the service theory. However, stronger worker-institution attachment are able to achieve higher work performance. Accordinglythis study is aimed to explore the various roles of commitment on the effect of Organizational citizenship behavior-organization (OCBO) on Public Workers’ in-role performance. The commitment of public workers is investigated as the mediation of the effect of Organizational citizenship behavior-organization (OCBO) on Public Workers’ in-role performance.University staffs are employed to this research. The findings show that OCBO is significantly has an effect on their performance. The Affective, normative and continuance commitment have different roles on the effect of OCBO on inrole performance. The emotional attachment plays a significant role on OCBO rather than feeling of obligation to create stronger effect of OCBO on in-role performance. Public workers are likely to show their emotional attachment at work rather than their feeling of obligation. The high political issues are more regarded as an investment orientation rather the feeling obligation to the regime. The feeling obligation is accepted when investment orientation and emotion attachment is reached. The implications and future research are","PeriodicalId":38266,"journal":{"name":"Administratie si Management Public","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78508500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Serhiy Shkarlet, M. Dubyna, O. Hrubliak, A. Zhavoronok
Within the article, a comprehensive study of the state budget deficit in the Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) countries is presented, the effectiveness of managing it is determined. Considerable attention is paid to the deepening of methodical aspects of the assessment of trends in the formation of revenues and expenditures of the identified budgets, the algorithm for defining the deficit of the budget is detailed and it is tested in practice. The obtained results provide an opportunity to establish that the size of the state's deficit depends in part on the economic development of the state and at the same time, its existence can have a positive effect on the growth rate of the national economy. In order to establish the peculiarities of such interaction, a comparative analysis between the deficit ratio of the state budgets and the level of GDP in the CEE countries is carried out. The study confirmed the thesis on the correlation between these indicators and it was also possible to determine in the long run (2007-2017) how these parameters changed. It is established that the accelerated pace of GDP growth with simultaneous growth of the state budget deficit is an indicator of its effective management, as economic growth allows for new, unplanned revenues and other incomings that will reduce the size of the gap between revenues and expenditures of such a budget. In turn, in case of rapid growth of the deficit against the backdrop of insignificant growth rates of the country's GDP, it shows that some of the country's financial resources are spent inefficiently and are not used to stimulate economic development in the state. In this case, the funds are spent on the social sphere maintenance, raising the level of economic provision of citizens of the state. However, such processes can take place only in the short term, since the deficit itself will need to be further covered by other revenue items of the budget. Taking into consideration the outlined, it is stated in the article, that improper management of the state budget deficit may have long-term negative consequences for the functioning of the entire national economy, and their solution cannot be implemented quickly.
{"title":"Тheoretical and applied provisions of the research of the state budget deficit in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe","authors":"Serhiy Shkarlet, M. Dubyna, O. Hrubliak, A. Zhavoronok","doi":"10.24818/amp/2019.32-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/amp/2019.32-09","url":null,"abstract":"Within the article, a comprehensive study of the state budget deficit in the Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) countries is presented, the effectiveness of managing it is determined. Considerable attention is paid to the deepening of methodical aspects of the assessment of trends in the formation of revenues and expenditures of the identified budgets, the algorithm for defining the deficit of the budget is detailed and it is tested in practice. The obtained results provide an opportunity to establish that the size of the state's deficit depends in part on the economic development of the state and at the same time, its existence can have a positive effect on the growth rate of the national economy. In order to establish the peculiarities of such interaction, a comparative analysis between the deficit ratio of the state budgets and the level of GDP in the CEE countries is carried out. The study confirmed the thesis on the correlation between these indicators and it was also possible to determine in the long run (2007-2017) how these parameters changed. It is established that the accelerated pace of GDP growth with simultaneous growth of the state budget deficit is an indicator of its effective management, as economic growth allows for new, unplanned revenues and other incomings that will reduce the size of the gap between revenues and expenditures of such a budget. In turn, in case of rapid growth of the deficit against the backdrop of insignificant growth rates of the country's GDP, it shows that some of the country's financial resources are spent inefficiently and are not used to stimulate economic development in the state. In this case, the funds are spent on the social sphere maintenance, raising the level of economic provision of citizens of the state. However, such processes can take place only in the short term, since the deficit itself will need to be further covered by other revenue items of the budget. Taking into consideration the outlined, it is stated in the article, that improper management of the state budget deficit may have long-term negative consequences for the functioning of the entire national economy, and their solution cannot be implemented quickly.","PeriodicalId":38266,"journal":{"name":"Administratie si Management Public","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85930111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose Our paper stems from the basis of the fundamental principles of equity theory and other justice theories. It suggests integral index of social justice that includes two partial indices: observance of fundamental rights and distribution of socio-economic achievements. Design/methodology/approach – We employ the index method based on normalization of partial indices according to their impact on overall social justice. For computing the integral index of social justice (ISJ) we select countries with obvious links between economic outcomes and efficiency of social sphere regulation (16 EU Member States). We use the data from Global Competitiveness Report which are the most appropriate to components of partial indices. Findings – We assessed the level of social justice basing on the case study of the EU Member States which demonstrate the most obvious relationship of economic efficiency and quality of social sphere regulation. The research confirmed that the economic leadership of the countries has a close connection with social justice in the respective society. At the same time, targeting and ensuring the effectiveness of the state distribution policy in terms of availability of socio-economic benefits beyond the minimum social guarantees is still inferior to efforts aimed at creating an infrastructure for social support of the population and guarantees of fundamental rights and freedoms. Originality/value – We suggest a unique method that allows to identify the reserves of the state distributive mechanisms' improvement and to analyse the links of social justice of the living environment and doing business with the economic successes of the states. Our approach to determining the weighting factors and the composition of the indicators according to the social justice categories can be specified depending on the research objectives.
{"title":"Measuring social justice in the light of effectiveness of public distributive policy","authors":"H. Mishchuk, N. Samoliuk, Y. Bilan","doi":"10.24818/AMP/2019.32-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/AMP/2019.32-05","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose Our paper stems from the basis of the fundamental principles of equity theory and other justice theories. It suggests integral index of social justice that includes two partial indices: observance of fundamental rights and distribution of socio-economic achievements. Design/methodology/approach – We employ the index method based on normalization of partial indices according to their impact on overall social justice. For computing the integral index of social justice (ISJ) we select countries with obvious links between economic outcomes and efficiency of social sphere regulation (16 EU Member States). We use the data from Global Competitiveness Report which are the most appropriate to components of partial indices. Findings – We assessed the level of social justice basing on the case study of the EU Member States which demonstrate the most obvious relationship of economic efficiency and quality of social sphere regulation. The research confirmed that the economic leadership of the countries has a close connection with social justice in the respective society. At the same time, targeting and ensuring the effectiveness of the state distribution policy in terms of availability of socio-economic benefits beyond the minimum social guarantees is still inferior to efforts aimed at creating an infrastructure for social support of the population and guarantees of fundamental rights and freedoms. Originality/value – We suggest a unique method that allows to identify the reserves of the state distributive mechanisms' improvement and to analyse the links of social justice of the living environment and doing business with the economic successes of the states. Our approach to determining the weighting factors and the composition of the indicators according to the social justice categories can be specified depending on the research objectives.","PeriodicalId":38266,"journal":{"name":"Administratie si Management Public","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79798881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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