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2018 IEEE AUTOTESTCON最新文献

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Innovative Support Alternatives to Reduce Overall Weapon System Life Cycle Cost 降低武器系统整体生命周期成本的创新支持方案
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/AUTEST.2018.8532510
R. Marion
Defense budget decreases in recent years with increasingly complex weapon systems and component equipment has mandated innovative support solutions to control costs. Automatic Test Systems (ATS) have been standardized by service branch in an effort to control the costs of support for support equipment. Support contracts with the ATS provider for repair services leveraged repair volume to reduce cost per repair. Support contracts where the ATS provider also supplies loaner spares used centralized wholesale spares systems to reduce retail spares requirements. Commitment to aggressive turnaround times for repairs reduced wholesale spares requirements. Entrusting the ATS provider with hardware configuration management improved system availability by allowing design improvements to address bad actor concerns. Industry has shown that the next logical step in the progression is leased support equipment, where system configuration management including both hardware and software configuration is entrusted to the ATS provider. The ATS OEM has unique knowledge about the hardware and software interactions in the system that allow efficient resolution of availability detractors like false alarms. The OEM understands instrument peculiarities allowing increasingly efficient fault detection and isolation. The costs associated with the improvements will be spread across the installed base so that each customer benefits from the increased availability, whether they have one system or hundreds. The unique requirements associated with leased equipment in a military operating environment will be explored. These steps explore only the horizontal axis of test, where the vertical axis includes all layers of test, such as design verification test, factory test, acceptance test, qualification test, at-platform maintenance test and off-platform maintenance test. The potential savings by reuse along the vertical axis include ATS and Test Programs Set (TPS) components. The factory test, acceptance test and off-platform performance test requirements are often very similar, if not exactly the same. The unique requirements associated with TPS reuse in a military environment will be explored.
近年来,随着越来越复杂的武器系统和部件设备,国防预算减少,要求创新支持解决方案来控制成本。为了控制保障设备的保障成本,服务部门对自动测试系统(ATS)进行了标准化。支持与ATS供应商签订的维修服务合同,利用维修量来降低每次维修成本。支持ATS供应商也使用集中式批发备件系统提供租借备件的合同,以减少零售备件需求。承诺积极的维修周转时间减少批发备件需求。将硬件配置管理委托给ATS提供商,通过允许设计改进来解决不良参与者问题,从而提高了系统的可用性。业界已经表明,下一个合乎逻辑的步骤是租赁支持设备,其中系统配置管理包括硬件和软件配置委托给ATS提供商。ATS OEM对系统中的硬件和软件交互具有独特的知识,可以有效地解决假警报等可用性损害。OEM了解仪器的特性,允许越来越有效的故障检测和隔离。与改进相关的成本将分散在已安装的基础上,以便每个客户都能从增加的可用性中受益,无论他们拥有一个系统还是数百个系统。将探讨在军事行动环境中与租用设备有关的独特要求。这些步骤只探索测试的水平轴,其中垂直轴包括所有测试层,例如设计验证测试,工厂测试,验收测试,资格测试,平台维护测试和平台外维护测试。沿着垂直轴重用的潜在节省包括ATS和测试程序集(TPS)组件。工厂测试、验收测试和非平台性能测试需求通常非常相似,如果不是完全相同的话。将探讨与军事环境中TPS重用相关的独特要求。
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引用次数: 0
The Increasing Importance of Utilizing Non-intrusive Board Test Technologies for Printed Circuit Board Defect Coverage 利用非侵入式电路板测试技术对印刷电路板缺陷覆盖率的重要性日益增加
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/AUTEST.2018.8532499
M. R. Johnson
As printed circuit boards have decreased in size and increased in complexity (i.e. number of layers, number of installed components, speed of busses, etc.), access to test resources (i.e. probe points) necessary for sufficient printed circuit board test has diminished. The use of intrusive test methods such as in-circuit testers, manufacturing defect analyzers, and flying probe testers entails many downsides. Each method requires access to printed circuit board probe points, the equipment necessary to facilitate each intrusive method can take up large amounts of floor space in a manufacturing facility and can be costly to operate and maintain (i.e. technician time, fixture origination and fixture revision due to printed circuit board redesign). Because of these and more downsides, non-intrusive board test has emerged as a cost-effective alternative to intrusive test or as a cost-reducing complement where intrusive test methods are still used.
随着印刷电路板尺寸的减小和复杂性的增加(即层数,安装组件的数量,总线的速度等),获得足够的印刷电路板测试所需的测试资源(即探针点)已经减少。使用侵入式测试方法,如在线测试仪、制造缺陷分析仪和飞探针测试仪,会带来许多缺点。每种方法都需要访问印刷电路板探针点,促进每种侵入方法所需的设备可能会占用制造工厂的大量地板空间,并且操作和维护成本很高(即技术人员的时间、夹具的制作和由于印刷电路板重新设计而导致的夹具修改)。由于这些缺点和更多的缺点,非侵入式电路板测试已经成为侵入式测试的一种经济有效的替代方法,或者作为一种降低成本的补充,在侵入式测试方法仍然使用。
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引用次数: 6
Binary time domain reflectometry: a simpler and more efficient way of diagnosing defects in wired networks 二值时域反射法:一种更简单、更有效的有线网络缺陷诊断方法
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/AUTEST.2018.8532526
F. Auzanneau
Today, the most efficient methods for wired networks diagnosis are based on reflectometry: they can detect hard (i.e. open / short circuits) and soft defects (i.e. insulation damage, hot spots or rust), either permanent or intermittent, and provide their location. This is an important information for maintenance operators who can focus repair in a shorter time. The possibility of monitoring the wires health using specifically designed reflectometry methods offers interesting opportunities for preventive maintenance. Electronic implementations of such methods are mostly based on the use of programmable logic digital systems, such as FPGA or microcontrollers, both for probe signals generation and measured signals analysis. But the cables have a pure analog behavior, therefore these systems are connected to additional costly devices such as digital to analog and analog to digital converters. These components have a direct impact on the systems performances: a higher sampling rate means a better defects location accuracy, but implies a higher cost. A higher resolution enables to detect lower signature defects but requires more memory and computing power for data processing. This paper presents a new purely binary reflectometry method using a simpler electronic architecture and quicker signal analysis, and showing better performances than standard methods (in terms of defect location accuracy, processing speed and memory requirement) at a lower cost. Equivalent detection performances are shown, and the new simplified electronic architecture enables to take advantage of all the digital resources, such as a higher clock frequency than that of most available converters, thus naturally improving the location accuracy. As the conversion components are not required anymore, the consumption and cost of the system is drastically reduced. Performance comparison is presented and an innovative process for the reflectogram computation is introduced, which enables a drastic reduction of the computing power needs and a quicker reflectogram update.
今天,最有效的有线网络诊断方法是基于反射计:它们可以检测永久性或间歇性的硬缺陷(即开路/短路)和软缺陷(即绝缘损坏,热点或生锈),并提供其位置。这对维修人员来说是一个重要的信息,可以在更短的时间内集中精力进行维修。使用专门设计的反射测量方法监测电线健康状况的可能性为预防性维护提供了有趣的机会。这些方法的电子实现主要基于使用可编程逻辑数字系统,如FPGA或微控制器,用于探头信号的生成和测量信号的分析。但是电缆具有纯模拟行为,因此这些系统连接到额外的昂贵设备,如数模转换器和模数转换器。这些组件对系统性能有直接的影响:更高的采样率意味着更好的缺陷定位精度,但意味着更高的成本。分辨率越高,检测到的签名缺陷越少,但对数据处理的内存和计算能力要求越高。本文提出了一种新的纯二进制反射法,该方法具有更简单的电子结构和更快的信号分析速度,并且在缺陷定位精度、处理速度和内存需求方面比标准方法具有更好的性能,而且成本更低。显示了等效的检测性能,并且新的简化电子架构能够利用所有数字资源,例如比大多数可用转换器更高的时钟频率,从而自然地提高了定位精度。由于不再需要转换元件,因此大大降低了系统的消耗和成本。给出了性能比较,并介绍了一种创新的反射图计算过程,该过程可以大幅降低计算能力需求并更快地更新反射图。
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引用次数: 8
Test Station Validation / Certification in a Production Environment 生产环境中的测试站验证/认证
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/autest.2018.8532556
George Isabella
This Paper defines a method of Certifying a Test Station for use by an organization's Production team, and for Validating its proper functionality. The Production team of any organization is the customer of the Test Equipment development team. The deliverable to the Production team is the Test Station, whose performance must be Validated in order to guarantee that it can adequately provide Pass/Fail discrimination upon a production unit being tested, and whose acceptance must be Certified in order to be utilized for Production deliveries.
本文定义了一种认证测试站的方法,以供组织的生产团队使用,并用于验证其适当的功能。任何组织的生产团队都是测试设备开发团队的客户。交付给生产团队的是测试站,它的性能必须经过验证,以保证它可以充分地为被测试的生产单元提供合格/不合格的区分,并且它的验收必须经过认证,以便用于生产交付。
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引用次数: 0
A Self-Calibrating, Erroneous Measurement-Preventing Production Test System for Military Slip Rings 军用滑环自校正防错生产测试系统
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/AUTEST.2018.8532539
Safa Şengezer, Volkan Özdemir, F. Demir
Military Slip Rings have tight test requirements to meet; such as contact noise, dielectric discharge and end-to-end resistance. Especially, the contact noise and end-to-end resistance measurements are in the order of several milliohms. Therefore, the test system must be well-calibrated in order to take precise measurements. During mass production, more than one set of test equipment can be used on different manufacturing lines. Hence, calibration should be able to be done on-line by the test software. Additionally, the test process must take as minimum time as possible in order to meet mass production schedule. Erroneous measurements due to external electromagnetic noise is a serious agent that cause the UUT (unit under test) to fail the test, prolonging the overall testing time. The testing software should detect an erroneous measurement, dispel it and prevent it from failing the test of the UUT. In this paper, we explain the methods used for a self-calibrating, automated, erroneous measurement-preventing test system for the mass production of military slip rings. When testing a slip ring, some of the measurements such as contact noise should be measured while the slip ring is rotating. Therefore, a turntable with servo motor is used for rotation. While the slip ring is rotating, it is not feasible to take measurements from the connectors on the both sides (stator & rotor) since it can cause testing cables to be tangled and eventually jam the turntable, possibly harming the slip ring. Hence, in this setup all the test equipment are connected to the slip ring from one side (stator or rotor), while at the other side all the connectors are short-circuited. These connections add to the end-to-end resistance and contact noise while measuring them. Since the precision of the measurements should be in the order of milliohm, the effect of the connections change not only with the test setup, but also with the slip ring itself. Therefore, testing software initially measures the resistances of connections, updates its' calibration values and then starts the test procedure. The details of the algorithm as well as test results with and without using this method are presented. Another phenomena while taking measurements is the electromagnetic noise that manipulates the test results. Even if the test cables are twisted and shielded, this additional noise is hard to avoid due to the test equipment itself. It causes sudden peaks in the measurements and causes the test of that channel to fail. One way of preventing this is to measure the rms or the standard deviation of the noise instead of its peak-to-peak value. However, it gives excessively optimistic results which may cause some problematic channels to go unnoticed. The method used in this setup prevents the test process to fail due to erroneous measurement, while taking objective measurements. Statistical information about the efficiency of using this method is exhibited.
军用滑环有严格的测试要求,以满足;如接触噪声、介电放电和端对端电阻。特别是,接触噪声和端到端电阻测量在几毫欧姆数量级。因此,测试系统必须经过良好的校准,以便进行精确的测量。在批量生产过程中,可在不同的生产线上使用多套测试设备。因此,校准应该能够通过测试软件在线完成。此外,测试过程必须尽可能缩短时间,以满足批量生产计划。外部电磁噪声导致的测量错误是导致被测单元测试失败的严重因素,延长了整体测试时间。测试软件应该检测出错误的测量,排除错误,防止测试失败。本文介绍了一种用于军用滑环批量生产的自校准、自动化、防误差测试系统的方法。在测试滑环时,应在滑环旋转时测量一些测量值,如接触噪声。因此,使用带有伺服电机的转台进行旋转。当滑环旋转时,从两侧的连接器(定子和转子)进行测量是不可可行的,因为它可能导致测试电缆缠结并最终卡住转盘,可能会损坏滑环。因此,在这种设置中,所有测试设备都从一侧(定子或转子)连接到滑环上,而在另一侧,所有连接器都短路。这些连接增加了端到端电阻和测量时的接触噪声。由于测量的精度应在百万欧姆数量级,因此连接的影响不仅随测试设置而变化,而且随滑环本身而变化。因此,测试软件首先测量连接的电阻,更新其校准值,然后开始测试程序。给出了算法的细节以及使用和不使用该方法的测试结果。测量时的另一个现象是操纵测试结果的电磁噪声。即使测试电缆被扭曲和屏蔽,由于测试设备本身的原因,这种额外的噪音也很难避免。它会导致测量中的突然峰值,并导致该通道的测试失败。防止这种情况的一种方法是测量噪声的均方根或标准偏差,而不是其峰对峰值。然而,它给出了过于乐观的结果,这可能会导致一些有问题的渠道被忽视。在此设置中使用的方法可以防止在进行客观测量时由于错误测量而导致测试过程失败。展示了使用这种方法的效率的统计信息。
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引用次数: 1
Portable test system for jet engines through FPGA technology 基于FPGA技术的便携式喷气发动机测试系统
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/AUTEST.2018.8532548
Henrique K. M. Ramos, M. Gonzalez, Rafael Mello de Mendonça, G. Colombo, David Rodrigo G. Ribeiro, A. Campo
This work describes the construction of a portable test system that was built by the Brazilian Air Force, capable of measuring every needed variable for a jet engine maintenance, with an emphasis on the project's programming. Its major blocks and functionalities are described and related with the selected physical equipment in a way that such endeavor could be replicated by different means. The necessity for such a project arises from a logistical dependency of several bases on a single testing facility. However, the same technology can be applied to propellants lacking an embedded health monitoring system with great benefits. Graphical language and compatible hardware were employed as tools to attain the required requisites: flexibility, scalability, robustness and determinism. Given a successful development, the new equipment measures every variable needed for a first layer of diagnosis. It brings economy, the decrease of a bottleneck and a higher degree of independency for the Brazilian Air Force as a whole.
这项工作描述了由巴西空军建造的便携式测试系统的构建,该系统能够测量喷气发动机维护所需的每个变量,并强调了项目的编程。它的主要模块和功能被描述,并与选定的物理设备相关联,这样的努力可以通过不同的方式复制。这样一个项目的必要性源于对单个测试设施的几个基地的后勤依赖。然而,同样的技术可以应用于缺乏嵌入式健康监测系统的推进剂,具有很大的好处。图形语言和兼容的硬件被用作实现所需条件的工具:灵活性、可伸缩性、健壮性和确定性。如果开发成功,新设备可以测量第一层诊断所需的每个变量。它带来了经济性,瓶颈的减少和巴西空军作为一个整体的更高程度的独立性。
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引用次数: 0
Best Practices for Describing Digital Serial Buses and Bus Test Operations Using IEEE 1671 ATML and IEEE 1641 Signal and Test Definition 使用IEEE 1671 ATML和IEEE 1641信号和测试定义描述数字串行总线和总线测试操作的最佳实践
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/AUTEST.2018.8532558
I. Neag, C. Gorringe
The recently published revisions of IEEE Std 1671.3 ATML UUT Description and IEEE Std 1671.1 ATML Test Description contain many new features that support the description of serial bus testing. This paper proposes a set of best practices for using these new features to describe UUT serial buses and bus test operations. The application of these best practices produces UUT and test descriptions that are simple, accurate, and maintainable for the lifetime of the UUT.
最近发布的IEEE Std 1671.3 ATML UUT Description和IEEE Std 1671.1 ATML Test Description的修订包含了许多支持串行总线测试描述的新功能。本文提出了一组使用这些新特性来描述UUT串行总线和总线测试操作的最佳实践。这些最佳实践的应用产生了简单、准确的UUT和测试描述,并且在UUT的生命周期内可维护。
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引用次数: 1
Challenges and Solutions for Testing Modern Optically Networked Weapon Systems 现代光网络化武器系统测试的挑战与解决方案
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/AUTEST.2018.8532528
Anthony P. Erwin
Current weapon system assemblies that operate in high bandwidth optical networks are driving the need for new test methods and capabilities. In the past, the number of networked assemblies has been small with a limited number of I/O ports and data bandwidth requirements. Modern networks include many assemblies with numerous I/O and high bandwidth data intensive computing, where fiber optics is the preferred technology that meets these requirements. The sensitivity of optical networks and transceivers to maintenance and environmentally induced degradation creates challenges for Automated Test System (ATS) in assuring that any given Weapon Replaceable Assembly (WRA) can work properly and repeatably with any other WRA across multiple platforms of the same type. Meeting this challenge requires high bandwidth (10GB+) instruments capable of sending, receiving, processing and storing large amounts of data coupled with Optical Network Performance Verification. ATS must also be capable of switching these high bandwidth instruments across large number of optical IO while verifying the Unit Under Test (UUT) performance across the full range of optical operating parameters. This paper will discuss these problems, solutions and relevance to the Defense and Aerospace industry.
目前在高带宽光网络中运行的武器系统组件正在推动对新测试方法和能力的需求。过去,联网组件的数量很少,I/O端口和数据带宽需求的数量有限。现代网络包括许多具有大量I/O和高带宽数据密集型计算的组件,其中光纤是满足这些要求的首选技术。光网络和收发器对维护和环境退化的敏感性给自动化测试系统(ATS)带来了挑战,即确保任何给定的武器可替换组件(WRA)能够在多个平台上与任何其他WRA一起正常工作,并可重复地工作。应对这一挑战需要能够发送、接收、处理和存储大量数据的高带宽(10GB+)仪器,以及光网络性能验证。ATS还必须能够在大量光学IO中切换这些高带宽仪器,同时在所有光学工作参数范围内验证被测单元(UUT)性能。本文将讨论这些问题、解决方案以及与国防和航空航天工业的相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Sorting out Integration Snags by Using Actual Automatic Test Equipment for Simulations 利用实际自动仿真测试设备解决集成障碍
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/AUTEST.2018.8532537
L. Kirkland, Dave Jensen, C. Carlson, D. Matsuura
Using digital testing hardware (actual Test Equipment) and software on a defined hardware and software platform produces a means to simulate high I/O chips and chips with no model information. This is taking digital simulation to the next level. The next level is utilizing actual test equipment (ATE) to perform digital simulations on specific devices during Unit Under Test (UUT) simulations. It is technically efficient for both functional testing and diagnostic testing to represent chip or device behavior, especially undocumented behavior and anomalies on actual ATE during simulation. Hardware modeling is the technique of using a physical device to model its own behavior during simulation. Hardware modeling systems format inputs from the simulator, apply the inputs to the physical device, evaluate device behavior, and then return the resulting outputs, plus timing information, to the simulator. By incorporating the physical device and a flexible, behavioral shell, hardware models combine functional accuracy, including unknown propagation, with complex timing information, including mode-dependent delays and timing checks. Using actual ATE during this simulation process secures chip or device functioning during stimulus and response vector sequences. This paper will discuss techniques associated with performing simulation using actual ATE. Also discussed will be the prolific capabilities of these applications.
在定义的硬件和软件平台上使用数字测试硬件(实际测试设备)和软件产生一种方法来模拟高I/O芯片和没有模型信息的芯片。这将数字模拟提升到了一个新的水平。下一个层次是利用实际测试设备(ATE)在测试单元(UUT)模拟期间对特定设备进行数字模拟。在技术上,功能测试和诊断测试都可以有效地表示芯片或设备的行为,特别是在模拟过程中实际ATE上未记录的行为和异常。硬件建模是在仿真过程中使用物理设备对其自身行为进行建模的技术。硬件建模系统格式化来自模拟器的输入,将输入应用于物理设备,评估设备行为,然后将结果输出加上定时信息返回给模拟器。通过结合物理设备和灵活的行为外壳,硬件模型将功能准确性(包括未知传播)与复杂的时序信息(包括模式相关的延迟和时序检查)结合起来。在此模拟过程中使用实际ATE可确保芯片或设备在刺激和响应向量序列期间正常工作。本文将讨论与使用实际ATE执行仿真相关的技术。还将讨论这些应用程序的丰富功能。
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引用次数: 0
Parallel Mixed Signal Testing as an Embedded Instrument 作为嵌入式仪器的并行混合信号测试
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/AUTEST.2018.8532515
R. Spinner, William Biagiotti, James McKenna, William Leippe
Due to the steady evolution of PXI/PXIe instrumentation and software innovation, standalone parallel ATS capability is now a cost-effective option for the rapid screening and testing of legacy avionic assemblies. By leveraging readily available PXIe stimulus and acquisition assets, a mixed-signal module may be realized for those environments where a full complement of traditional ATS assets is either not physically available or not integrated to the level required for full parallel test. In proposed configurations, packaging options exist that would allow this parallel test capability to be embedded as a supplemental modular instrument into any existing PXIe/VXI chassis. This paper will explore how the proposed modular instrument will independently implement true mixed-signal parallel functional testing (instead of static metrics) integrated with dynamic waveform analysis software for a turnkey solution on any ATS station, as innovated by Advanced Testing Technologies, Inc.
由于PXI/PXIe仪器的稳步发展和软件的创新,独立并行ATS能力现在是传统航空电子组件快速筛选和测试的一种经济高效的选择。通过利用现成的PXIe激励和采集资产,可以实现混合信号模块,用于传统ATS资产的完整补充,或者物理上不可用,或者没有集成到完全并行测试所需的水平。在建议的配置中,存在的封装选项将允许这种并行测试能力作为补充模块化仪器嵌入到任何现有的PXIe/VXI机箱中。本文将探讨所提出的模块化仪器如何独立实现真正的混合信号并行功能测试(而不是静态指标),并将动态波形分析软件集成在任何ATS站的交钥匙解决方案中,这是由Advanced testing Technologies, Inc.创新的。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2018 IEEE AUTOTESTCON
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