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A case study on the COVID-19 discourse in politicians’ speeches: Investigations into the speeches of former Iranian President Hassan Rouhani 关于政治家演讲中 COVID-19 话语的案例研究:对伊朗前总统哈桑-鲁哈尼演讲的调查
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-09 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2023.03.2984
H. Kermani, Mona Khorshidi, Mohammad Ashtiani Araghi
This paper aims to analyze former Iranian President Hassan Rouhani’s thirty speeches on COVID-19 delivered between February 2, 2020 and April 27, 2020. We apply Laclau and Mouffe’s theory of discourse analysis to investigate and analyze Rouhani’s rhetorical and discursive strategies in making meaning of COVID-19. Findings showed that COVID-19 discourse in Rouhani’s speeches has mainly revolved around three nodal points: “the country”, “the enemy”, and “the state of exception”. Thus, the structural articulation of COVID-19 discourse resembles the hegemonic discourse in Iran. Our results also explain how Rouhani used COVID-19 as an empty signifier to reinforce the hegemonic discourse in Iran while trying to redefine his relations with the state-leaning organizations. Furthermore, we analyzed the rhetorical practices that Rouhani employed to articulate the COVID-19 discourse. This paper contributes to a growing body of literature into discursive aspects and implications of a global pandemic by providing empirical evidence form an understudied context: Iran.
本文旨在分析伊朗前总统哈桑·鲁哈尼在2020年2月2日至2020年4月27日期间就新冠肺炎发表的30次演讲。本文运用拉克劳和墨菲的话语分析理论,对鲁哈尼在解读新冠肺炎时的修辞和话语策略进行了考察和分析。调查结果显示,鲁哈尼演讲中有关新冠肺炎的话语主要围绕“国家”、“敌人”和“例外状态”三个节点展开。因此,COVID-19话语的结构表达类似于伊朗的霸权话语。我们的研究结果还解释了鲁哈尼如何利用COVID-19作为一个空洞的能指来加强伊朗的霸权话语,同时试图重新定义他与国家倾向组织的关系。此外,我们分析了鲁哈尼在阐述COVID-19话语时使用的修辞手法。本文通过提供一个未被充分研究的背景:伊朗的经验证据,为越来越多的文献提供了关于全球大流行的话语方面和影响的贡献。
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引用次数: 0
“We consume to forget; we collect to believe”: Resistance, nostalgia, and VHS technologies in 21st century Greek video cultures "我们消费是为了遗忘,我们收藏是为了信仰":21 世纪希腊录像文化中的抵抗、怀旧和 VHS 技术
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-09 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2023.03.3686
Ursula-Helen Kassaveti
Almost 50 years after the VCR’s (Video Cassette Recorder) worldwide penetration in the international entertainment market, this paper will explore VCR-use-related and VCR-viewing-related activities, and the cultural practices of the Greek video cultures, particularly videotape collectors, in the 21st century. Rooted in various disciplines, the article aims to illuminate the persistent nature of VHS collectors’ previous entertainment routines. From owning a VCR device and maintaining their videotape collections to enriching them with new acquisitions from video libraries and online buys, Greek videotape aficionados’ practices show continuities and discontinuities from the past. Furthermore, it will explore how these practices have influenced their perception of current uses and gratifications of VHS technologies, revealing a perspective rooted in (tech) nostalgia. Moreover, the article will argue that the enduring presence and resilience of VHS technologies can be regarded as a testament to collective memory, a resistance to the digitalization of entertainment, and a longing for simpler ways of life, particularly in the aftermath of the 2007–2008 financial recession and the rise of new technologies.
在VCR(录像机)在国际娱乐市场上的全球渗透近50年后,本文将探讨VCR使用相关和VCR观看相关的活动,以及21世纪希腊视频文化,特别是录像带收藏家的文化习俗。根植于各种学科,这篇文章旨在阐明VHS收藏家以前的娱乐惯例的持久性。从拥有录像机设备和维护他们的录像带收藏,到从录像带图书馆和网上购买新的录像带来丰富他们的收藏,希腊录像带爱好者的做法显示了与过去的连续性和不连续性。此外,它将探讨这些实践如何影响他们对VHS技术当前使用和满足的看法,揭示根植于(技术)怀旧的观点。此外,本文将论证VHS技术的持久存在和弹性可以被视为集体记忆的证明,对娱乐数字化的抵制,以及对更简单生活方式的渴望,特别是在2007-2008年金融衰退和新技术兴起之后。
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引用次数: 0
Media persistence: Theories, approaches, categorization 媒体持久性:理论、方法和分类
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-09 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2023.03.4620
Gabriele Balbi, B. Hagedoorn, N. Haydari, Valérie Schafer, Christian Schwarzenegger
Despite the fact that new media are continually seen as “natural born killers” of old media, old media rarely die and very often persist. In what is alternately called the “age of the Internet,” the “digital revolution,” the “metaverse,” the era of “artificial intelligence,” old media such as books, cinema, radio, television, analogue photography, and several others are still in use. Moreover, there is a kind of re-emergence of “the analogue” in various forms and for different incentives, including nostalgia. This Thematic Section is the outcome of an intellectual journey that the five editors undertook first separately and then combined. The occasion for bringing together prior interests and combining theoretical and empirical understandings of the reasons why and the different modes how media persist over time was facilitated by the European Communication Research and Education Association (ECREA) virtual post-conference (co-)organized jointly by three ECREA sections in September 2021: the Communication History section together with the sections of Radio and Sound, as well as Television Studies. It is no coincidence that these three sections are concerned with old media, which seem to decline but apparently also do persist, as those are the sections dealing with the mediated relationship of the old and the new, the past and the present such as the viewing and screening practices of television, transformation of sonic environment from radio toward podcast, and in general old media remediating into new ones.
尽管新媒体一直被视为旧媒体的“天生杀手”,但旧媒体很少消亡,而且往往会持续存在。在这个交替被称为“互联网时代”、“数字革命”、“虚拟世界”、“人工智能”的时代,书籍、电影、广播、电视、模拟摄影等旧媒体仍在使用。此外,“类似物”以各种形式和不同的动机再次出现,包括怀旧。本专题部分是五位编辑首先单独进行然后联合进行的知识之旅的结果。欧洲传播研究与教育协会(ECREA)于2021年9月由三个ECREA部门联合组织的虚拟会后会议(co- conference)促进了将先前的兴趣结合起来,并结合对媒体随时间持续存在的原因和不同模式的理论和经验理解的机会:传播历史部分与广播和声音部分以及电视研究部分。这三个部分与旧媒体有关,这似乎是衰落的,但显然也确实存在,因为这些部分处理的是旧与新,过去与现在的中介关系,如电视的观看和放映实践,从广播到播客的声音环境的转变,以及一般的旧媒体向新媒体的补救。
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引用次数: 0
Vera Katzenberger, Jana Keil & Michael Wild (Hrsg.). Podcasts. Perspektiven und Potenziale eines digitalen Mediums Vera Katzenberger、Jana Keil 和 Michael Wild(编辑)。Podcasts.数字媒体的视角和潜力
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-22 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2024.01.4662
F. Sandmeier
Der Podcast ist ein Format, das zu den Wünschen der Zeit passt: Er bietet eine gezielte, individuelle Suche nach Information oder Unterhaltung, ist abrufbar und hörbar zu jeder Zeit und an jedem Ort. Der von Vera Katzenberger, Jana Keil und Michael Wild von der Universität Bamberg herausgegebene Sammelband beleuchtet die Perspektiven und Potenziale dieses noch jungen Mediums. Die zwanzig versammelten Beiträge bieten einen fundierten und vielseitigen Überblick zum Forschungsstand. In der Einleitung zeigen Katzenberger, Keil und Wild auf, wie sich Podcasts zu einem festen Bestandteil des Medienrepertoires von Hörerinnen und Kommunikatoren entwickelt haben. Für das Verständnis besonders wertvoll ist ihr Überblick zu den Bereichen und Darstellungsformen von Podcasts, in welchem sie darlegen, wie wichtig Innovation, Authentizität und Storytelling sind. Die anschliessende Unterteilung des Sammelbands in fünf Teile nach Kommunikator/-innen, Rahmenbedingungen, Inhalten, Rezipient/-innen und Perspektiven aus der Praxis erleichtert dabei die Orientierung.
播客是一种符合时代需求的形式:它提供有针对性的、个性化的信息或娱乐搜索,可以随时随地访问和收听。由班贝格大学的维拉-卡岑伯格(Vera Katzenberger)、雅娜-凯尔(Jana Keil)和迈克尔-维尔德(Michael Wild)编辑的这本文集,揭示了这一尚且年轻的媒体的前景和潜力。收录的二十篇文章对当前的研究现状进行了有理有据的综述。在引言中,Katzenberger、Keil 和 Wild 展示了播客如何成为听众和传播者的媒体曲目中不可或缺的一部分。他们对播客的领域和表现形式进行了概述,并解释了创新、真实性和讲故事的重要性,这对理解播客尤其有价值。随后,文集按照传播者、框架条件、内容、接受者和实用视角分为五个部分,让您更容易找到方向。
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引用次数: 0
Digitally-assisted iconology: A method for the analysis of digital media 数字辅助图像学:一种分析数字媒体的方法
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2024.01.3888
Raymond Drainville
Exploring medium-to-large datasets of social media imagery can be challenging. This paper describes a digitally-assisted iconology, a hybrid methodology that includes machine learning and data analytics for sorting through medium-sized datasets of images that lack metadata to describe their pictorial content. The method plays to the strengths of current digital technologies. Using machine learning, pictures are first clustered in a preliminary stage based upon basic formal presentational characteristics. Thematic analysis follows this preliminary stage, based upon an expansion of Aby Warburg’s “pre-coined expressive values”, which are frequently found in pictures displaying high levels of user reception. Once clustered via these two separate stages, the researcher can then drill down using familiar forms of visual analysis to explore how similar concepts have been rendered in different ways. The analysis may be augmented by exploring the commentary appended to these pictures, which adds a further level of detail providing insight into end-user interpretations. The approach – including its drawbacks – is demonstrated via a consequential dataset of pictures shared on Twitter in 2015, after a Syrian child was found drowned off the Turkish shore. Derivative imagery based upon the original photographs referenced longstanding iconographic themes.
探索社交媒体图像的中型到大型数据集可能具有挑战性。本文描述了一种数字辅助图像学,这是一种混合方法,包括机器学习和数据分析,用于对缺乏元数据来描述其图像内容的中型图像数据集进行排序。这种方法充分利用了当前数字技术的优势。使用机器学习,首先基于基本的形式表示特征在初步阶段对图片进行聚类。基于Aby Warburg的“预先创造的表达价值”的扩展,主题分析遵循了这个初步阶段,这些价值经常出现在显示高水平用户接受的图片中。一旦通过这两个独立的阶段进行聚类,研究人员就可以使用熟悉的视觉分析形式来深入研究相似的概念如何以不同的方式呈现。通过探索附加在这些图片上的注释,可以增强分析,这增加了进一步的细节,提供了对最终用户解释的洞察。2015年,一名叙利亚儿童在土耳其海岸被发现溺水后,Twitter上分享了一组相应的图片集,展示了这种方法(包括其缺点)。基于原始照片的衍生图像引用了长期存在的图像主题。
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引用次数: 0
Digital restoration and the invention of analogue: The National Film and Sound Archive of Australia and Wake in Fright 数字修复和模拟的发明:澳大利亚国家电影和声音档案馆和Wake in Fright
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2023.03.3709
Zachary Karpinellison
Prior to the advent of digital film technology, analogue film was not analogue, it was simply film. The introduction of digital, thus also marks the introduction of the analogue version. The idea of old media persisting – is dependent on celluloid film being transformed into “analogue” and being classed as an old form of media. In this paper, using the National Film and Sound Archive of Australia and Wake in Fright as case studies, I introduce the concept of the film-version. Moreover, my paper challenges the relegation of celluloid film as old media, and instead argues that the creation of a distinction between digital and analogue versions gives rise to a new kind of mediatised coexistence. I argue that rather than forming a hierarchy, the analogue and digital form a parallel and dialogical relationship allowing both the new restored version, and the older celluloid version to not only persist, but evolve into the present.
在数字电影技术出现之前,模拟电影并不是模拟电影,它只是电影。数字版的引入,从而也标志着模拟版的引入。旧媒体持续存在的想法依赖于赛璐珞胶片被转化为“模拟”并被归类为旧媒体形式。本文以澳大利亚国家电影与声音资料馆和《惊魂醒来》为案例,介绍了电影版的概念。此外,我的论文对赛璐珞电影作为旧媒体的降级提出了挑战,相反,我认为数字版本和模拟版本之间的区别产生了一种新的媒介共存。我认为,模拟和数字并没有形成一个层次结构,而是形成了一种平行的对话关系,允许新的修复版本和旧的赛璐珞版本不仅持续存在,而且演变到现在。
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引用次数: 0
Emily Hund. The influencer industry: The quest for authenticity on social media 艾米丽的猎狗。网红行业:对社交媒体真实性的追求
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2023.03.4392
Nils S. Borchers
The Influencer Industry: The Quest for Authenticity on Social Media, written by American media researcher Emily Hund, takes the reader on a scouting expedition into the U. S. influencer industry. Hund is a well-established author in social media influencer research, where her works on gender dynamics in the influencer industry have been particularly notable (e. g., Duffy & Hund, 2015, 2019). These works look at social media influence from a creative industry’s angle, and The Influencer Industry also stands in this lineage. Although the title does not make it clear, the book offers, first and foremost, a chronological history of the influencer industry in the United States. Beginning with the advent of political bloggers in the late 1990s, each chapter focuses on a specific period and the overarching developmental milestones Hund identifies as constituting the period. This way, Hund provides a much-needed historical perspective on the influencer industry. However, the book wants to be more than that – and it definitely is – in that it also reflects on how the influencer industry impacts contemporary forms of sociation.
《网红产业:在社交媒体上寻求真实性》由美国媒体研究员艾米丽·汉德撰写,带领读者对美国网红产业进行了一次探索。Hund是社交媒体影响者研究领域的知名作者,她在影响者行业的性别动态方面的研究尤其引人注目(例如,Duffy & Hund, 2015年,2019年)。这些作品从创意产业的角度看待社交媒体的影响,而《网红产业》也站在这一脉络中。虽然书名没有明确说明,但这本书首先提供了美国网红行业的时间顺序历史。从1990年代末政治博客的出现开始,每一章都聚焦于一个特定的时期,以及亨德认为构成这一时期的主要发展里程碑。通过这种方式,Hund为网红行业提供了一个非常需要的历史视角。然而,这本书想要做的不仅仅是这些——它肯定是——因为它也反映了网红行业是如何影响当代社会形式的。
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引用次数: 0
Joanna Nowotny & Julian Reidy. Memes – Formen und Folgen eines Internetphänomens Joanna Nowotny和Julian Reidy互联网现象的结果和形式
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2023.03.4394
M. Johann
Memes – Formen und Folgen eines Internetphänomens [Memes – Forms and Consequences of an Internet Phenomenon] is a monograph in the German language authored by Joanna Nowotny and Julian Reidy. In the introduction, five main chapters, and a conclusion, the authors tackle a relatively young, but booming phenomenon of digital culture and communication: Internet memes. The book provides valuable insights and perspectives on the ever-evolving dynamics of memes and meme culture, and it successfully provides a well-executed counterpoint to often overly romanticized meme literature by shedding light on the “darker” aspects of meme communication. While many previous publications tend to idealize memes, this book takes a courageous step in examining the potential negative implications and consequences associated with their spread. By focusing on the less explored, sometimes problematic, and even controversial aspects of meme culture, the book presents a comprehensive view of the impact of memes.
模因- Formen und Folgen eines Internetphänomens[模因-互联网现象的形式和后果]是乔安娜·诺沃特尼和朱利安·雷迪合著的德语专著。在引言、五个主要章节和结论中,作者探讨了一个相对年轻但蓬勃发展的数字文化和交流现象:网络模因。这本书对模因和模因文化不断发展的动态提供了有价值的见解和观点,它通过揭示模因传播的“黑暗”方面,成功地为经常过度浪漫化的模因文学提供了一个很好的对照。虽然许多先前的出版物倾向于将模因理想化,但这本书在研究与其传播相关的潜在负面影响和后果方面迈出了勇敢的一步。通过关注模因文化中较少被探索的、有时是有问题的、甚至是有争议的方面,本书对模因的影响提出了一个全面的看法。
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引用次数: 0
Media consumption between dynamics and persistence: The meaning of persistent media practices in a mediatized everyday life 动态与持续性之间的媒体消费:媒介化日常生活中持续性媒体实践的意义
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2023.03.3710
J. Röser, Joanna Dominiak
Qualitative reception studies have shown that new media neither radically change people’s media repertoires, nor do they replace the old. Established media practices remain relevant, and users actively persist on old media (technologies). To show why and how this persistence is embedded by its users, the paper at hand addresses old media persistence from a user’s and appropriation perspective. Thus, following the mediatization approach, we enfold the concept of the interplay of dynamics and persistence and transfer its theoretical ideas to two studies that deal with (1) the persistence of the TV in everyday media repertoires and (2) the persisting usage of vinyl records in the face of digital streaming services in everyday life. Our aim is to illuminate why and how users, on the one hand, persist on established media practices, but on the other hand, simultaneously combine them meaningfully with new media (practices) within their respective everyday lives.
定性接受研究表明,新媒体既没有从根本上改变人们的媒体曲目,也没有取代旧的。已建立的媒体实践仍然相关,用户积极坚持使用旧媒体(技术)。为了说明用户为什么以及如何嵌入这种持久性,本文从用户和占用的角度讨论了旧媒体持久性。因此,遵循媒介化方法,我们将动态和持久性相互作用的概念纳入其中,并将其理论思想转移到两项研究中,这两项研究处理(1)电视在日常媒体曲目中的持久性和(2)在日常生活中面对数字流媒体服务时持续使用黑胶唱片。我们的目的是阐明用户一方面为什么以及如何坚持现有的媒体实践,另一方面,在他们各自的日常生活中,同时将它们与新媒体(实践)有意义地结合起来。
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引用次数: 0
Gianluigi Negro. Le voci di Pechino: Come i media hanno costruito l’identità cinese 詹路易吉·黑人。北京的声音:媒体是如何构建中国身份的
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2023.02.4205
Lorenzo Andolfatto
Gianluigi Negro’s Le voci di Pechino: Come i media hanno costruito l’identità cinese (Beijing’s voices: How the media constructed Chinese identity) presents a much welcome intervention at the intersection of Sinology and Media Studies from a historiographical perspective. By tracking the diachronic shifts and continuities across different communication technologies, practices and policies in the People’s Republic of China (PRC), the book develops a systematic understanding of the role of media in the construction of modern Chinese national identity. In doing so, it offers a valuable conceptual map for keeping track of the different actors and tensions that have shaped the Chinese media landscape from the rooftop loudspeakers of the Mao era to the Web 2.0 of today.
吉安路易吉·内格罗的《北京的声音:媒体如何构建中国人的身份认同》从史学的角度对汉学和媒体研究的交叉领域进行了非常受欢迎的介入。通过追踪中华人民共和国(PRC)不同传播技术、实践和政策的历时性转变和连续性,本书对媒体在现代中国民族认同建构中的作用进行了系统的理解。在这样做的过程中,它提供了一个有价值的概念地图,可以追踪从毛时代的屋顶扬声器到今天的Web 2.0,塑造中国媒体格局的不同角色和紧张关系。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Studies in Communication Sciences
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