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Marlis Prinzing & Roger Blum (Hrsg.). Handbuch Politischer Journalismus
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2023.02.4243
F. Esser
Marlis Prinzing und Roger Blum haben das «Handbuch Politischer Journalismus» herausgegeben, weil es bisher keine vergleichbare Publikation gab, obwohl der politische Journalismus ein zentrales Feld der Berichterstattung ist. Das Handbuch versteht sich als Brücke zwischen aktueller Forschung und Praxis. Es enthält Beiträge aus unterschiedlichen Disziplinen und gibt länderübergreifende Einblicke in die vielfältigen Arbeitsfelder des politischen Journalismus – mit Schwerpunkten auf Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. Diese Zusammenführung unterschiedlicher Perspektiven verdeutlicht den integrativen Anspruch des 900 Seiten starken Werks. Es hat sich zum Ziel gesetzt, «den politischen Journalismus in modernen […] europäischen […] Demokratien einmal gesamthaft darzustellen» (S. 17). Dies war, wie Prinzing und Blum in ihrer Einleitung einräumen, ein arbeitsintensives Unterfangen, das sich aber – wie der Erfolg zeigt – gelohnt hat. Das Handbuch gewinnt sein Publikum in der Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaft, in der Medienpraxis und Politik, in der PR- und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit sowie in der Verwaltung und den Staatskanzleien. Der Erfolg gründet in verschiedenen Stärken des Buches.
马里斯Prinzing手册和罗杰Blum«»政治新闻学出版,因为还没有类似的出版物,尽管政治新闻报导的一个核心领域是.手册是当前研究与实践之间的桥梁。它包括不同学科的论文,并提供不同国家当局关于德国、奥地利和瑞士不同工作领域的论文。不同观点的集合显示了一个九百页综合论文的包容性。它已成为目标,«现代政治新闻[...][...]欧洲民主国家描绘成一次gesamthaft»(第17页).大会的引言承认这是一项劳动密集型工作,但成果是值得的。这本手册在媒体及传播科学、媒体实践与政治、公共关系、行政和国家议会等领域,都获得了支持。这本书的一些优点是它的诞生。
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引用次数: 0
Reconsidering a multivalent concept: An integrated affordance framework to approach technology and social media use 重新考虑一个多价值的概念:一个综合的功能框架来处理技术和社会媒体的使用
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2023.02.3754
Tobias Frey
The affordance concept has been widely used in communication studies to theorize and examine social media use beyond specific features and practices. However, its implementation is characterized by an inconsistent use of terms and a neglect of the concept’s relationality. The present article demonstrates and addresses these shortcomings. First, it briefly reviews the affordance perspective’s origins and its further development in communication literature. Second, it outlines the perspective’s diverse but inconsistent application in social media research. Third, it introduces an integrated framework that contributes to a better understanding of affordances and supports a more precise use of the underlying concepts and terms in social media research. The framework a) emphasizes the relational nature of affordances as opportunities for action that occur in various technological and social contexts and are contingent on designed and cognitive mechanisms, b) it highlights the abstract nature of individual, relational, and collective affordances that are distinct from outcomes such as practices and structures, and c) it encompasses effects and dynamics that impact both technology and actors. Drawing on the framework, the article concludes with conceptional, empirical and terminological implications for future research approaching technology and social media use from an affordance perspective.
在传播学研究中,信息性概念被广泛应用于对社交媒体使用的理论化和检验,超越了特定的特征和实践。然而,其实施的特点是术语的不一致使用和对概念的关系的忽视。本文演示并解决了这些缺点。首先,简要回顾了供给观的起源及其在传播文学中的进一步发展。其次,它概述了该视角在社交媒体研究中的多样化但不一致的应用。第三,它引入了一个集成框架,有助于更好地理解能力,并支持在社交媒体研究中更精确地使用潜在概念和术语。该框架a)强调作为在各种技术和社会背景下发生的行动机会的启示的关系性质,并取决于设计和认知机制;b)强调与实践和结构等结果不同的个人、关系和集体启示的抽象性质;c)它包含影响技术和行动者的影响和动态。在这个框架的基础上,文章总结了概念、实证和术语上的含义,为未来的研究从提供性的角度接近技术和社交媒体的使用提供了启示。
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引用次数: 0
Thinking about platforming with more traditional mediatization: Lessons from audiovisual analysis 思考更传统媒介化的平台:来自视听分析的经验教训
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2023.03.3733
E. George, Justine Dorval, E. Germain
Since the mid-1990s, film and television industries are more and more confronted with the appearance of new intermediation services which have created platforms. In a project funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC), we try to analyze the place and role that these new services are taking in the audiovisual sector. Our corpus is composed of the platforms of four companies that have developed activities on a vast international scale, Netflix (with its service of the same name), Amazon (Prime Video service), Disney (Disney+) and Apple (Apple TV+). Based on our corpus, it seems to us that some changes have been the result of firms’ activities, but that it is not as linear as it may appear at first sight. Transformations are at work but there is also some “Old Media Persistence.” Thus, we find a certain “contamination” of old practices originating from the organization of industrial channels and forms in the mutations currently presented by these new intermediation services.
20世纪90年代中期以来,影视行业越来越多地面临着创造平台的新型中介服务的出现。在一个由加拿大社会科学和人文研究理事会(SSHRC)资助的项目中,我们试图分析这些新服务在视听领域所占的地位和作用。我们的语料库由四家在国际范围内开展活动的公司的平台组成,他们是Netflix(同名服务)、Amazon (Prime Video服务)、Disney (Disney+)和Apple (Apple TV+)。基于我们的语料库,在我们看来,一些变化是企业活动的结果,但它并不像乍一看那样是线性的。转型在起作用,但也存在一些“旧媒体持久性”。因此,我们发现,在这些新的中介服务目前呈现的突变中,源自工业渠道和形式组织的旧做法受到了一定的“污染”。
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引用次数: 0
Television archives, social networks and the young audiences: The example of Internet memes as a way to revitalise public broadcasters’ engagement 电视档案、社交网络和年轻观众:以互联网表情包为例,重振公共广播公司的参与度
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2023.03.3708
Juan Francisco Gutiérrez Lozano, Antonio Cuartero
The purpose of this research is to explore the efforts that Spanish public television archives are making to bring their audiovisual content closer to young people via social networks. Specifically, this text focuses on analysing the public television archives of the Spanish national television company RTVE and of the Andalusian regional public television agency (RTVA), known as Archivo RTVE and MemorANDA, respectively. The methodology used is based on both qualitative and quantitative tools, consisting of content analysis and in-depth interviews. The results obtained show that both platforms manage to reach young people, but indirectly through viral videos or Internet memes. The RTVE archive is the most successful among young people because it has a more extensive collection and more resources as well as a policy that is more clearly geared towards the dissemination of its audiovisual heritage. The most negative aspect identified in this study was the repetition of regional clichés, especially in the case of MemorANDA.
本研究的目的是探讨西班牙公共电视档案馆通过社交网络使其视听内容更接近年轻人所做的努力。具体而言,本文着重分析了西班牙国家电视公司RTVE和安达卢西亚地区公共电视机构(RTVA)的公共电视档案,分别称为Archivo RTVE和MemorANDA。所使用的方法是基于定性和定量工具,包括内容分析和深入访谈。研究结果表明,这两个平台都能接触到年轻人,但都是通过病毒式视频或网络表情包间接接触到的。RTVE档案在年轻人中最成功,因为它有更广泛的收藏和更多的资源,以及更明确地面向传播其音像遗产的政策。这项研究确定的最消极的方面是区域陈腐的重复,特别是在备忘录的情况下。
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引用次数: 0
Lockdown scepticism: Australian and American doom discourse on Reddit 封锁怀疑论:Reddit上澳大利亚和美国的末日言论
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-02 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2023.02.3322
Margo Van Poucke
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent infodemic, user consumption of online news content soared, leading to the issues of doom-scrolling and doom-writing. This type of behaviour may have an adverse impact on individual well-being and increase exposure to misinformation on social networking sites (SNSs), including Reddit. The present critical discourse study combines Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), Pragma-dialectics (PD) and critical theory to explore the roles of power and ideology in a corpus extracted from r/LockdownSkepticismAU and r/LockdownSkepticism, and to evaluate the Redditors’ argumentation. The analysis shows that the users of both subreddits appear to compensate a perceived loss of agency by making improbable statements about the future. The doomers’ arguments, as part of their online deliberations on issues relating to national COVID-19 prevention policy, reveal several fallacies. Linguistic evidence is provided for how biopower, in its ability to further life or death, is constitutive of the social norms to which both subreddit communities subscribe.
由于新冠肺炎疫情和随后的信息大流行,用户对网络新闻内容的消费激增,导致了“末日滚动”和“末日写作”问题。这种行为可能会对个人健康产生不利影响,并增加在社交网站(包括Reddit)上接触错误信息的机会。本研究结合系统功能语言学(SFL)、语用辩证法(PD)和批判理论,在r/ lockdownskepismau和r/ lockdownskepismau的语料库中,探讨了权力和意识形态的作用,并对reddit用户的论证进行了评价。分析表明,这两个子版块的用户似乎都在通过对未来做出不可能的陈述来弥补他们所感知到的能动性损失。末日论者的观点是他们在网上讨论国家COVID-19预防政策相关问题的一部分,揭示了一些谬论。语言学上的证据提供了生物权力,在它的能力,进一步的生命或死亡,是社会规范的组成部分,这两个子reddit社区订阅。
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引用次数: 0
Typology of children media users 儿童媒体用户的类型
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2023.01.2903
H. Früh, Andreas Fahr
Research about children’s media use is often concerned with the effects of one particular medium. There is rather little research about more general media diets in terms of their diversity and the resulting outcomes. Against the theoretical background of media repertoire approaches, we developed more general types of children’s overall media use. We analyzed standardized interviews with children as part of the MIKE-2017-project in Switzerland. Drawing on a representative sample of 448 primary school children of the French-speaking part of Switzerland, we developed a typology of children media users based on their media diet, referring to a media repertoire approach. Data revealed three media use patterns labelled as “visual drifters” who dominantly use screen media, “modern diversifiers” who use a wide variety of media, and “traditional offliners” with a narrow repertoire. Contrary to often-expressed concerns, “modern diversifiers” frequently engage in non-media activities compared to the other groups. Results show that it is not only essential to concentrate on the children’s frequency of particular media usage but also on children’s media diets or repertoires.
关于儿童媒体使用的研究通常关注一种特定媒体的影响。关于更普遍的媒体饮食的多样性和结果的研究很少。在媒体曲目方法的理论背景下,我们开发了更一般的儿童整体媒体使用类型。作为瑞士mike -2017项目的一部分,我们分析了对儿童的标准化访谈。根据瑞士法语区448名小学生的代表性样本,我们根据他们的媒体饮食,参考媒体曲目方法,开发了儿童媒体用户的类型学。数据显示了三种媒体使用模式:主要使用屏幕媒体的“视觉漂移者”,使用多种媒体的“现代多元化者”,以及使用范围狭窄的“传统离线者”。与经常表达的担忧相反,与其他群体相比,“现代多元化者”经常从事非媒体活动。结果表明,不仅要关注儿童使用特定媒体的频率,还要关注儿童的媒体饮食或曲目。
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引用次数: 0
From Millennium Development Goals to Sustainable Development Goals: Transforming development communication to sustainability communication 从千年发展目标到可持续发展目标:发展传播向可持续传播转变
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2023.01.3516
Sigrid Kannengießer
At the highest international political level, the United Nations declared the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015 after having announced (and later not fulfilled) the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in 2000. This shift from the MDGs to the SDGs, in which the term development was replaced by the concept of sustainability, also demands a paradigm shift within the research field of development communication and communication for social change which needs to put the focus on sustainability, embracing the concept of sustainability communication as key when analyzing and practicing social change by the use of communication and media. The article unfolds this argument by explaining the political shift from the MDGs to the SDGs and the relevant research fields analyzing these different goals and then sketching the research areas of development communication and communication for social change as well as the one of sustainability communication. In bringing all these areas together, it is argued that the change of the political goals provokes the above mentioned paradigm shift in the research area of development communication. Transforming development communication into sustainability communication also allows to focus the broad term of communication for social change on a specific aim – which is sustainability.
在最高的国际政治层面,联合国在2000年宣布(后来没有实现)千年发展目标(MDGs)后,于2015年宣布了可持续发展目标(sdg)。从千年发展目标到可持续发展目标的转变,“发展”一词被“可持续性”概念所取代,也要求发展传播和社会变革传播研究领域的范式转变,需要将重点放在可持续性上,在利用传播和媒体分析和实践社会变革时,将“可持续性传播”概念作为关键。本文通过解释从千年发展目标到可持续发展目标的政治转变以及分析这些不同目标的相关研究领域,然后概述发展传播和社会变革传播以及可持续传播的研究领域,来展开这一论点。将所有这些领域结合在一起,认为政治目标的变化引发了上述发展传播研究领域的范式转变。将发展传播转变为可持续性传播还可以使促进社会变革的广泛传播集中在一个具体目标上,即可持续性。
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引用次数: 1
Historizing international organizations and their communication – institutions, practices, changes 历史的国际组织和他们的交流-机构,实践,变化
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2023.01.4119
E. Koenen, Arne L. Gellrich, Christian Schwarzenegger, Stefanie Averbeck-Lietz, Astrid Blome
The Thematic Section focuses on a topic that has thus far received little attention from communication and media researchers: the history of international organizations and their communication. Since the second half of the 19th century, for numerous and diverse areas of social life, globally active international organizations of varying degrees of institutionalization and scope, both non-governmental and intergovernmental, have been founded and have dedicated themselves to the global challenges of the first modern age (Herren, 2009). The most famous of these is certainly the League of Nations, which was established in 1919 as the predecessor institution of the United Nations.
专题科的重点是迄今为止很少受到传播和媒介研究人员注意的一个主题:国际组织及其传播的历史。自19世纪下半叶以来,在社会生活的许多不同领域,已经建立了具有不同制度化程度和范围的全球活跃的国际组织,包括非政府组织和政府间组织,并致力于应对第一个现代时代的全球挑战(Herren, 2009)。其中最著名的当然是国际联盟,它成立于1919年,是联合国的前身。
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引用次数: 0
What we can learn from books in the digital age 在数字时代,我们可以从书中学到什么
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-19 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2023.03.3688
M. Stamm
Though books are often considered “old media” in the digital age, their production in this period in fact has been continually reimagined and redefined through new technologies of printing, especially paper and ink manufacturing. This paper explores how three specific recent printed books demonstrate this point in both form and content: David Brower’s Let the Mountains Talk, Let the Rivers Run (1995), William McDonough and Michael Braungart’s Cradle to Cradle (2002), and the 2008 Harper-Collins Green Bible. Brower’s book was printed on paper made from kenaf, a sustainable alternative to wood-based paper. Cradle to Cradle was printed on a synthetic polymer that could be endlessly remade into other products. The Green Bible was printed on recycled paper and used soy-based ink, and all verses with environmental content were printed in green. In each case, in form these printed books were meant to model innovative industrial information production while also through their content to motivate enhanced environmental consciousness.
虽然书籍在数字时代经常被认为是“旧媒体”,但在这个时期,它们的生产实际上是通过新的印刷技术,特别是纸张和油墨制造技术,不断被重新想象和重新定义的。本文探讨了最近出版的三本书是如何在形式和内容上证明这一点的:大卫·布劳尔的《让山说话,让河流流淌》(1995),威廉·麦克多诺和迈克尔·布劳恩加特的《从摇篮到摇篮》(2002),以及2008年哈珀柯林斯的《绿色圣经》。布罗尔的书是用红麻制成的纸印刷的,红麻是一种可持续的木基纸替代品。《从摇篮到摇篮》是印在一种合成聚合物上的,这种聚合物可以不断地被改造成其他产品。《绿色圣经》是用再生纸和大豆基油墨印刷的,所有含有环保内容的经文都用绿色印刷。在每一种情况下,这些印刷书籍的形式都是为了模仿创新的工业信息生产,同时也通过其内容来激发增强的环境意识。
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引用次数: 0
Young journalists in Switzerland: Results of a survey on aims, working conditions, and future prospects of journalists born in 1990 or later 瑞士的年轻记者:一项关于1990年或以后出生的记者的目标、工作条件和未来前景的调查结果
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2023.02.3604
Lauro Mombelli, Daniel Beck
The study examines the job situation of young journalists in Switzerland. For this purpose, an online survey of 195 journalists in German-speaking and French-speaking Switzerland born in 1990 or later has been conducted, providing data on socio-demographics, educational situation, career choice motives, type of employment, salary, working time, stress situations, job satisfaction, and future prospects. Young journalists have chosen their job mainly for reasons of self-fulfilment, but idealistic motives are also widespread, while material gain and status play no role in their career choice. A majority of the respondents are permanently employed in a full-time or part-time position, and the median gross monthly income is between 5000 and 6000 Swiss francs, with large differences depending on media and employment type. A high degree of autonomy is perceived at work. However, many young journalists work overtime, and two thirds state that they experience stress at work. They criticise insufficient financial resources and see the acceleration of work processes as a threat. Overall, job satisfaction of young Swiss journalists has decreased compared to previous studies. Respondents are rather pessimistic about the future of journalism, and a majority considers it unlikely that they will work as journalists for their entire professional life.
这项研究调查了瑞士年轻记者的工作情况。为此目的,对1990年或以后出生的瑞士德语区和法语区195名记者进行了在线调查,提供了关于社会人口统计学、教育状况、职业选择动机、就业类型、工资、工作时间、压力情况、工作满意度和未来前景的数据。青年记者的职业选择主要是出于自我实现的原因,但理想主义动机也很普遍,物质利益和地位在他们的职业选择中不起作用。大多数受访者长期从事全职或兼职工作,月总收入中位数在5000至6000瑞士法郎之间,因媒体和就业类型而有很大差异。在工作中可以感受到高度的自主权。然而,许多年轻记者加班,三分之二的人说他们在工作中感到压力。他们批评财政资源不足,并将工作进程的加速视为一种威胁。总体而言,与之前的研究相比,瑞士年轻记者的工作满意度有所下降。受访者对新闻业的未来相当悲观,大多数人认为他们不太可能在整个职业生涯中都做记者。
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引用次数: 0
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Studies in Communication Sciences
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