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O Dedo Apontando a Lua: Experimentando o Contato entre Gestalt-terapia e Zen Budismo 指月:体验格式塔疗法与禅宗的接触
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.18065/2021V27N1.9
Fabio Nogueira Pereira
At the turn of the twentieth century there is a growing interest in Eastern religions and philosophies among Western intellectuals. Some authors from this period and also contemporary ones point out that Buddhism is not characterized as a religion, nor a philosophy. Zen Buddhism presents itself as a methodology for training the mind in pursuit of personal development. In the middle of the last century, Gestalt therapy emerges amidst the dialogue of Western sciences with various oriental influences. There are currently few Brazilian publications that address the interfaces between these two traditions and this article seeks to discuss possible interfaces between the Gestalt approach and Zen. Thus, it briefly presents its history, some beliefs and concepts, and essential practices in order to invite the reader to reflect on meditation as an experiential practice and parallels observed between these traditions. Meditation and Gestalt Therapy are distinct paths, but some likelinesses denote the possibility of these methodologies being complementary to one another for personal development. This article also invites the reader to reflect on teaching and practicing meditation during clinical training and its clinical use. Palavras-chave : Gestalt therapy; Zen Buddhism; Meditation; Zazen; Experiment.
在二十世纪之交,西方知识分子对东方宗教和哲学的兴趣日益浓厚。这一时期和当代的一些作者指出,佛教既不是一种宗教,也不是一种哲学。禅宗佛教将自己呈现为一种训练心灵追求个人发展的方法。上世纪中叶,格式塔疗法在西方科学与各种东方影响的对话中出现。目前很少有巴西的出版物涉及这两种传统之间的接口,本文试图讨论格式塔方法和禅宗之间可能的接口。因此,它简要地介绍了它的历史,一些信仰和概念,以及基本的实践,以邀请读者反思冥想作为一种经验实践和这些传统之间观察到的相似之处。冥想和格式塔疗法是截然不同的途径,但一些可能性表明,这些方法是相互补充的个人发展的可能性。本文还请读者对临床训练中冥想的教学和练习及其临床应用进行思考。palavras - have:格式塔疗法;禅宗佛教;冥想;坐禅;实验。
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引用次数: 0
Intimidade em Tempos Digitais: O Esquecimento da Relação Face a Face 数字时代的亲密关系:面对面关系的遗忘
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.18065/2021V27N1.4
Renan Silva Carletti, Gilberto Safra
This paper intends to discuss the notion of intimacy presented by Peter Sloterdijk and the effects of digital technology on the interfacial relationship. The objective is to show how the articulation between psychoanalysis and phenomenology presented by the German philosopher contributes to understand clinical and everyday phenomena. Through previous studies and clinical situations, we will show how the substitution of the conjunctive logic to a connective one, as presented by the Italian philosopher Franco Berardi, has generated ties that are not deeply rooted in bodily experiences. Descriptions of temporal and bodily experiences are central to understanding this change that is occurring. In this sense, we conclude that the facilities of the technology can generate a forgetfulness of the interfacial space as a memory and a gateway for the world. Palavras-chave : Intimacy; Digital technology; Face to face relationship; Body.
本文旨在探讨Peter Sloterdijk提出的亲密概念以及数字技术对界面关系的影响。目的是展示德国哲学家提出的精神分析学和现象学之间的衔接如何有助于理解临床和日常现象。通过以前的研究和临床情况,我们将展示意大利哲学家佛朗哥·贝拉尔迪(Franco Berardi)提出的用连接逻辑代替连接逻辑如何产生了并不深深植根于身体体验的联系。对时间和身体体验的描述是理解这种正在发生的变化的核心。从这个意义上说,我们得出的结论是,技术的设施可以产生对界面空间的遗忘,作为世界的记忆和门户。palavras - have:亲密;数字技术;面对面的关系;的身体。
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引用次数: 0
O Sagrado está no Todo: Experiências de Praticantes do (Neo)Paganismo como Possibilidade de Encontro Holístico do Ser 神圣是整体的:(新)异教徒的经验作为存在的整体遭遇的可能性
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.18065/2021V27N1.2
Susan Sanae Tsugami, L. S. Santos
This paper aims to understand the experiences of practitioners of Contemporary Paganism and the relationships they have with their spiritual practices, as well as to investigate how they understand and interact with nature and how they perceive themselves as practitioners of a holistic belief. From in-depth interviews with four practitioners of (Neo) Paganism, it is possible to analyze the discourses on spiritual experiences through two categories of analysis: 1. Contemporary Paganism: Worldview and Holistic Practices, and 2. Understanding Totality: Nature, Self and Community. The research made it possible to understand that the relationship between the sacred, nature and the person in (Neo) Paganism is defined by the notion of totality as a reality in which the living beings, the world and the gods are interconnected, and therefore it is understood that the person-world-sacred does not separate. Palavras-chave : Pagan; Religion; Spirituality.
本文旨在了解当代异教实践者的经历和他们与精神实践的关系,以及调查他们如何理解和与自然互动,以及他们如何将自己视为整体信仰的实践者。从对四位(新)异教实践者的深度访谈中,可以通过两类分析来分析关于精神体验的话语:1。当代异教:世界观和整体实践;理解整体:自然、自我和共同体。这项研究使我们有可能理解,在(新)异教中,神、自然和人之间的关系是由整体的概念定义的,在这个概念中,生物、世界和神是相互联系的,因此可以理解,人-世界-神是不分离的。Palavras-chave:异教徒;宗教;灵性。
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引用次数: 0
Educar Médicos, Cuidar de Memórias: Sentidos da Constituição de um Museu Histórico de Medicina 教育医生,照顾记忆:建立医学历史博物馆的意义
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.18065/2021V27N1.1
Roberta Vasconcelos Leite, Miguel Mahfoud
Thematizing the place of humanities and memory in medical education, we investigate meanings of the constitution of the Centro de Memória e Museu Histórico - CMMH of the Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto/USP. From the perspective of the phenomenological culture psychology, we selected as deponent Anette Hoffmann, central figure of the CMMH. We conducted a semi-structured interview, analyzed phenomenologically. Taking care of the preservation of the collection of the faculty, Anette intends to make possible historical researches and to foment the cultural formation of the students, particularly of medicine. Her work promotes the humanities to develop critical spirit and problematize the ultra-specialization and business vision that expand into the university. We conclude that the analyzed experience indicates how the preservation of memory contributes to medical education by translating broad view of science and university. Palavras-chave : Medical Education; Memory; Museums; Phenomenological Research.
以人文和记忆在医学教育中的地位为主题,我们调查了里贝贝尔普雷图医学院(USP)的中心Memória e博物馆Histórico - CMMH的构成意义。从现象学文化心理学的角度,我们选择了CMMH的核心人物安妮特·霍夫曼作为辩证人。我们进行了半结构化访谈,从现象学角度进行分析。为了保护教师的收藏,Anette打算使历史研究成为可能,并促进学生的文化形成,特别是医学。她的工作促进了人文学科的发展,培养了批判精神,并对扩展到大学的超专业化和商业愿景提出了问题。我们的结论是,分析的经验表明,如何保存记忆有助于医学教育翻译科学和大学的广阔视野。Palavras-chave:医学教育;记忆;博物馆;现象学研究。
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引用次数: 0
As Aproximações Teórico-Práticas entre a Gestalt-terapia e a Comunicação Não-Violenta 格式塔治疗与非暴力沟通的理论与实践方法
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.18065/2021V27N1.8
Jusedna Spindola, Karol Maes, L. Tessaro
This article aims to investigate the theoretical-practical approaches of Gestalt-therapy (GT) and Nonviolent Communication (NC) in order to theoretically support possible psychological practices to use them simultaneously. The investigations started from the history of both and their respective founders. Through historical analysis, the influence of the Person-Centered Approach in the dialogues between GT and NC is perceived. Then, the investigations take place on an epistemological basis, addressing Phenomenology, existential assumptions and Humanistic Psychology. Finally, we discuss the main concepts and how they come together. Regarding the GT, the concept of Creative Adjustment and its forms of confluence, introjection, projection, retroflection and egotism are approached; and, regarding NC, the components of observation, feeling, need and request are addressed. Finally, the Grok game is cited as a practical approach. In view of such approaches, it is evident that the GT and the NC value the individual's potential and believe in his inseparability with the environment. From this point of view, both defend the importance of the human being's awareness of the feelings and needs that arise in and around him, in order to promote a more empathic and, therefore, less violent society. Palavras-chave : Gestalt Therapy; Nonviolent Communication; Psychology.
本文旨在探讨格式塔疗法(GT)和非暴力交际(NC)的理论和实践方法,以从理论上支持同时使用它们的可能的心理实践。调查从两人及其各自创始人的历史开始。通过历史的分析,我们看到了以人为中心的方法在GT和NC对话中的影响。然后,研究在认识论的基础上进行,涉及现象学、存在主义假设和人本主义心理学。最后,我们讨论了主要概念以及它们是如何结合在一起的。关于GT,探讨了创造性调整的概念及其融合、内射、投射、反思和利己主义的形式;关于NC,讨论了观察、感觉、需求和请求的组成部分。最后,Grok游戏被认为是一种实用的方法。鉴于这些方法,很明显,GT和NC重视个人的潜力,并相信他与环境的不可分割性。从这个角度来看,两者都捍卫了人类意识到自身及其周围产生的感受和需求的重要性,以促进一个更具同理心、因此更少暴力的社会。Palavras chave:格式塔疗法;非暴力沟通;心理学
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引用次数: 0
A Pessoa Idosa e a Busca do Sentido. Um Olhar de Esperança 老年人和对意义的追求。希望的一瞥
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.18065/2021V27N1.10
C. Zanatta, L. A. M. Campos, Patrícia Damiana da Silva Coelho
The purpose of this article is to propose a reflection on the importance of the meaning of life for the elderly person. It is known that the phenomenon of aging gains visibility worldwide and points to numerous challenges, especially for some 30 million elderly people in Brazil, according to IBGE statistics. At this stage of life recognizing the potential, beyond stereotypes about aging contributes to minimizing the possible challenges. Through the review of the literature on research in the field of aging it is observed that a significant number of these elderly people are concentrated in the losses and declines that occurred in this stage. However, it becomes possible to broaden the understanding of this phase of life by considering the concepts of Logotherapy. According to Viktor Frankl, the man, endowed with his noetic dimension, driven by the search for meaning in life, walks in search of the values of creation, experience and attitude. As a sense-seeker, the elderly person becomes capable of finding, in his existential walk one for which to live, which enables him to continue drawing meaning in the adverse situations of life. Being able to focus on achievements along the way, the challenges faced, and the experiences recognized as valuable, can help make the stage of aging meaningful. Values can continue as paths that point to meaning, and such a possibility should not be wasted on the road of life. With hope and accumulated wisdom, the elderly person is able to respond to what life calls in a committed and meaningful way. Palavras-chave : Elderly; Logotherapy; Meaning.
本文的目的是对老年人生命意义的重要性提出反思。众所周知,老龄化现象在全球范围内越来越明显,并指出了许多挑战,特别是根据IBGE的统计数据,巴西约3000万老年人面临的挑战。在人生的这个阶段,认识到潜力,超越对衰老的刻板印象,有助于最大限度地减少可能的挑战。通过对老龄化领域研究文献的回顾,可以观察到,这些老年人中有相当一部分集中在这一阶段发生的损失和衰退中。然而,通过考虑理性疗法的概念,可以拓宽对生命这一阶段的理解。根据维克托·弗兰克尔的说法,这个人被赋予了他的无意识维度,在寻找生命意义的驱动下,行走在寻找创造、经验和态度的价值上。作为一个感官寻求者,老年人能够在他的生存之旅中找到一个可以生存的人,这使他能够在生活的不利情况下继续汲取意义。能够专注于一路上取得的成就、面临的挑战和被认为有价值的经验,有助于使衰老阶段变得有意义。价值观可以继续作为指向意义的道路,这种可能性不应该浪费在人生的道路上。有了希望和积累的智慧,老年人能够以一种坚定而有意义的方式回应生活的召唤。Palavras chave:老年人;标志疗法;意思
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引用次数: 0
Gênero como Modalidade Existencial 性别作为存在模式
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.18065/2021V27N1.5
Matheo Bernardino
Gender discussions are still fundamental to (trans)feminist struggles and have an open field to new reflections that contribute to the topic. This issue is important to phenomenology from Simone de Beauvoir to Judith Butler and other contemporary feminist phenomenologists. Considering the contributions already unveiled by these authors, this paper aims to rethink the conceptualization of gender through the concept of existential modality found in Merleau-Ponty and Heidegger in a non-systematic theoretical review. The concept of existential modality implies possibilities as fundamental in the ontological structure of being. Here, possibility has existential and open characteristics that describe ways of being, of linking, meaning and make possible being and meaning. Gender as an existential modality reveals a spectrum of potencies that is realized and established in the corporeal and situated existence of being. This work allows a dialogue with the reflections already made by the feminist authors and the opening to deepen the discussions about gender. Palavras-chave : Gender; Existential Modality; Phenomenology.
性别讨论仍然是(跨性别)女权主义斗争的基础,并为促进这一主题的新思考提供了一个开放的领域。这一问题对于从西蒙娜·德·波伏娃到朱迪斯·巴特勒等当代女性主义现象学家的现象学都具有重要意义。考虑到这些作者已经做出的贡献,本文旨在通过梅洛-庞蒂和海德格尔在非系统理论综述中发现的存在模态概念来重新思考性别的概念化。存在形态的概念意味着可能性是存在的本体论结构的基础。在这里,可能性具有存在性和开放性的特征,这些特征描述了存在、联系、意义的方式,并使存在和意义成为可能。性别作为一种存在形态,揭示了在存在的物质存在和情境存在中实现和确立的一系列潜能。这部作品允许与女权主义作者已经做出的反思进行对话,并为深化关于性别的讨论提供了机会。Palavras chave:性别;存在情态;现象学。
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引用次数: 1
Uma Reflexão sobre a Fenomenologia da Experiência Estética: O Caso do Teatro 审美经验现象学的反思:以戏剧为例
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.18065/2021v27n2.10
Jenifer Cortes Demeterco Geromini
Art, a fundamentally human subject, has become an important field of study in both philosophy and psychology. It is deemed relevant to think of it from a phenomenological perspective, that regards artistic activities not as a representation, but as an expression. This study aims to consider the actor's/actress's activities based on the book Phénoménologie de l'experience esthétique, the main work by Mikel Dufrenne, a phenomenologist who wrote the most extensive study regarding aesthetics in phenomenology. This task has been accomplished in two stages: a possible explanation about the aesthetic experience as proposed by Dufrenne and, from it, the construction of a reflection about a theater artist's work. The role that art and, above all, the artist plays in the resignification of the world becomes evident, as he is the one who offers the viewer, through an immanent intersubjectivity, a world expressed as a novelty. It is understood that, in addition to the study of specific topics, the study of aesthetic experience in phenomenology, from the Dufrennian perspective, may prove relevant to the comprehension of the human phenomenon in general. Palavras-chave : Aesthetic experience; Phenomenology; Art; Theater.
艺术作为一门基本的人类学科,已经成为哲学和心理学的一个重要研究领域。从现象学的角度来看,艺术活动不是一种表现,而是一种表达,这是有意义的。本研究的目的是考虑演员/女演员的活动基于书《phacnomsamnologie de l’experience esthacimtique》,这是Mikel Dufrenne的主要作品,他是一位现象学家,写了关于现象学美学的最广泛的研究。这一任务分两个阶段完成:杜夫雷纳提出的对审美体验的可能解释,以及由此构建对戏剧艺术家作品的反思。艺术,尤其是艺术家在对世界的认知度中所扮演的角色变得显而易见,因为他是通过内在的主体间性向观众提供一个以新奇的方式表达的世界的人。可以理解的是,除了对特定主题的研究之外,从杜弗伦尼的角度来看,现象学对审美经验的研究可能与对人类普遍现象的理解有关。palavras - have:审美体验;现象学;艺术;剧院。
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引用次数: 0
Experiências de Estudantes de Psicologia ao Conduzir Grupos com outros Universitários 心理学专业学生与其他大学生进行小组讨论的经验
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.18065/2021v27n2.2
Shirley Macêdo, Melina Pinheiro Gomes de Souza, Ana Lícia Pessoa Nunes
This research aimed to understand the experiences of processes in the clinical listening of Psychology undergraduate students in conducting intervention groups with other university students, seeking to describe the meanings of these experiences for the formation of these students; point out crossings involved; identify possible knowledge, skills and attitudes developed, the challenges faced and the learning gains. In an interventional phenomenological perspective, the method of collaborative hermeneutics was used. In 14 supervisory meetings, collaborators were a psychologist, a professor and eight psychology undergraduate students conducting two intervention groups with university undergraduate students. The instrument used was the Version of Sense and the results indicated that the students experienced personal growth and professional development, were enchanted by Psychology; and crossed by the psychosocial realities of the students attended, but managed, with their own limits, to recognize the need for a personal process and to internalize the basis of a professional identity matrix; they learned the method systematics; supervisors and colleagues were essential in the process of improving listening. Therefore, stand out the need for support networks for university undergraduate students and improvements in the qualification process of the Psychology student, aiming at their future entry into the job market. Palavras-chave : Listening; University Suffering; Formation of the Psychologist; School Service; Phenomenological Research.
本研究旨在了解心理学本科生与其他大学生进行干预小组的临床倾听过程的体验,试图描述这些体验对这些学生形成的意义;指出所涉及的交叉点;确定可能发展的知识、技能和态度、面临的挑战和学习成果。在介入现象学的视角下,运用了合作解释学的方法。在14次督导会议中,合作者为1名心理学家、1名教授和8名心理学本科生,对大学本科生进行2组干预。使用的工具是感官版,结果表明,学生经历了个人成长和专业发展,被心理学迷住了;被学生的心理现实所交叉,但在他们自己的限制下,他们认识到需要一个个人过程并内化一个职业身份矩阵的基础;他们学习了系统化的方法;在提高倾听的过程中,主管和同事是必不可少的。因此,针对心理学专业学生未来进入就业市场的需要,突出大学本科学生支持网络的需求和对心理学专业学生资格认证过程的改进。palavras - have:倾听;大学的痛苦;心理学家的形成;学校服务;现象学研究。
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引用次数: 0
Paz y Emociones. Hacia una Fenomenología Errática del Corazón 和平与情感。走向不稳定的心脏现象学
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.18065/2021v27n1.7
Miguel Ángel Garcés Villamil
In everyday life, people often establish a link between peace and emotional experiences such as compassion for victims, revenge with perpetrators, forgiveness of unforgivable acts, terror before war, hatred among conflict actors, recognition of guilt for violent acts, confidence in a better future, among others. Such link is inadvertent or unweighted by objectivist investigations of peace, which tend to emphasize links that they consider more valid, such as those that refer to causes of violent acts or the resolution of conflicts through rational procedures. The present article has a dual purpose: on one hand, to maintain that the objetcivist perspectives on the peace are insufficient and impersonal; and, on the other hand, to show peace as a personal ethos essentially linked to emotional experiences. Palavras-chave : Peace; Emotions; Appraisal; Vulnerability; Dignity.
在日常生活中,人们经常在和平与情感体验之间建立联系,例如同情受害者、报复加害者、原谅不可原谅的行为、战前的恐怖、冲突行为者之间的仇恨、承认暴力行为的罪责、对更美好未来的信心等等。这种联系是无意的,或没有受到对和平的客观调查的重视,这种调查往往强调他们认为更有效的联系,例如那些涉及暴力行为的原因或通过合理程序解决冲突的联系。本文具有双重目的:一方面,坚持客观主义对和平的看法是不充分的和客观的;另一方面,将和平作为一种个人气质与情感体验联系在一起。帕拉弗拉斯:和平;情绪;评估;漏洞;的尊严。
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引用次数: 0
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Revista da Abordagem Gestaltica
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