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Teaching Research Methods and the Supervision of Undergraduate Projects: Seeking Practical Improvements to a Complex Process 教学研究方法与本科项目监督:寻求复杂过程的实际改进
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.34190/ejbrm.19.2.2513
A. Mitchell, M. Rich
This paper develops a review of teaching research methods and student supervisor relationships, first presented to ECRM20. Last year we tested an extensive literature review with a survey of undergraduate business students, this has now been supplemented with further survey data, interviews and a focus group.  This supplementary data has deepened our understanding of the issues and has largely reinforced the findings from the previous paper. At a time when some schools are moving content on-line and seeking new forms of assessment, there is a need to ensure that research continues to fulfil a contribution towards intellectual and practical understanding. Detailed analysis has explored the extent to which the teaching of research methods within a taught degree course and the completion of an individual project has proved effective. Value perceived by the students and supervisors of a major project has been confirmed to influence both success for a candidate at an interview as well as providing a skill set suitable for longer term employment. Learning ‘skills for life’ was suggested by the students.. The extent to which students and supervisors engage was explored and opportunities for improvement are reported. The importance of adding an element of fun to the process was also raised. Little evidence of supervisors receiving training was found, Feather et al (2010, 2013) and a challenge continues to be the extent to which supervisors are fully briefed on the required dissertation process.  In practice, supervisors rely on their own prior experience and this can contribute to an uneven quality of experience for students. Conclusions on the undergraduate data are developed for two specific research questions and next steps for improvement at the school are outlined for the Business School to consider.
本文对教学研究方法和学生与导师的关系进行了综述,首次提交给ECRM20。去年,我们对商科本科生进行了一项广泛的文献综述调查,现在补充了进一步的调查数据、访谈和焦点小组。这些补充数据加深了我们对这些问题的理解,并在很大程度上强化了上一篇论文的研究结果。在一些学校将内容转移到网上并寻求新的评估形式之际,有必要确保研究继续为智力和实践理解做出贡献。详细分析探讨了在教授学位课程中教授研究方法和完成单个项目的有效程度。一个重大项目的学生和主管所感知的价值已被证实会影响候选人在面试中的成功,以及提供适合长期就业的技能。学生们建议学习“生活技能”。。研究了学生和导师的参与程度,并报告了改进的机会。还提出了在这个过程中加入乐趣元素的重要性。Feather等人(20102013)几乎没有发现监管人员接受培训的证据,一个挑战仍然是监管人员在多大程度上充分了解所需的论文过程。在实践中,导师依赖于他们自己以前的经验,这可能会导致学生的经验质量参差不齐。针对两个具体的研究问题得出了本科生数据的结论,并概述了商学院的下一步改进措施,供商学院考虑。
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引用次数: 1
The Learning History Methodology: An Infrastructure for Collective Reflection to Support Organizational Change and Learning 学习史方法论:支持组织变革和学习的集体反思基础
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.34190/ejbrm.19.2.2510
Julie Béliveau, A. Corriveau
Organization members often complain about insufficient time to reflect collectively as they grapple with constant significant changes. The Learning History methodology can support this collective reflection. Given the scant empirical studies of this action research approach, the present paper fills this gap by giving an overview of this methodology and by presenting a qualitative study that answers the following research question: How does the Learning History methodology contribute to collective reflection among organization members during major organizational change? To answer this question, an empirical research project was led within five healthcare organizations in Canada during their implementation of the Planetree person-centered approach to management, care, and services. The data set includes 150 semi-structured interviews, 20 focus groups and 10 feedback meetings involving organization members representing all hierarchical levels in the five participating institutions. The results highlight the five types of contributions of the Learning History methodology to collective reflection within the five institutions that participated in the study: 1) a process of expression, dialogue, and reflection among organization members; 2) a portrait of the change underway; 3) a support tool for the change process; 4) a vector for mobilizing stakeholders; and 5) a source of organizational learning.  The results also show how organization members’ collective reflection is built through the various stages of the Learning History methodology. By demonstrating that this collective reflection leads to true organizational learning, the findings position the Learning History as a research-action method useful both from a research standpoint and as an organizational development tool. In the conclusion, lessons learned using the LH approach are shared from a researcher’s perspective. This paper should interest researchers and practitioners who seek research methodologies that can offer an infrastructure for collective reflection to support organizational change and learning.
组织成员经常抱怨没有足够的时间集体反思,因为他们正在努力应对不断发生的重大变化。学习史方法可以支持这种集体反思。鉴于对这种行动研究方法的实证研究很少,本文通过概述这种方法并提出一项定性研究来填补这一空白,该研究回答了以下研究问题:在重大组织变革期间,学习史方法如何有助于组织成员的集体反思?为了回答这个问题,加拿大五家医疗保健组织在实施Planetree以人为本的管理、护理和服务方法期间,领导了一个实证研究项目。该数据集包括150次半结构化访谈、20个焦点小组和10次反馈会议,涉及代表五个参与机构所有层级的组织成员。研究结果强调了学习史方法对参与研究的五个机构内集体反思的五种贡献:1)组织成员之间的表达、对话和反思过程;2) 正在发生的变化的写照;3) 变革过程的支持工具;4) 动员利益攸关方的载体;以及5)组织学习的来源。研究结果还表明,组织成员的集体反思是如何通过学习历史方法论的各个阶段建立起来的。通过证明这种集体反思导致了真正的组织学习,研究结果将学习史定位为一种研究行动方法,无论从研究角度还是作为一种组织发展工具都是有用的。在结论中,从研究人员的角度分享了使用LH方法所学到的经验教训。这篇论文应该引起研究人员和从业者的兴趣,他们寻求能够为集体反思提供基础设施的研究方法,以支持组织变革和学习。
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引用次数: 0
Fast-tracking Research Methodology Immersion for Students: Experiences from a Project on Fairwork in the Gig Economy 快速跟踪研究方法——学生沉浸式学习——来自Gig经济中公平工作项目的经验
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.34190/ejbrm.19.2.2511
Marita Turpin, J. Van Belle
This paper showcases an innovative student research project in a South African taught Masters programme, where students learnt to apply a sound research methodology in the real world, and align their work with a global research project. The Fairwork (https://fair.work) project assesses the extent to which gig work platforms in a number of countries conform to ‘fair work’ principles for their workers. The Fairwork project has a clearly defined and rigorous research methodology used by senior academics around the world to rate labour-broking platforms such as those in e-hailing (Bolt, Uber) or delivery services (UberEats) to rate  their adoption of fair work principles for their workers. The University of Pretoria adopted this research methodology in the context of a student-based group project in a taught 2020 “Digital Economy” Masters programme. Student groups used the same methodology and interviewed South African platform workers to score seven different platforms. The key motivations and intended benefits were that the research methodology was already tried and tested, students should able to apply the skills taught in an earlier (theoretical) research methods course, subject specific knowledge around the gig economy had to be researched and was internalized, each group had the freedom to select its own platform, results could be validated against publicly available ratings, students engaged themselves in real world empirical research, and their research outputs had a real world relevance. In addition, this project turned out to work well under Covid19 partial lockdown circumstances. The student submissions exceeded the expectations of everyone involved, and some groups produced research results which matched the level of highly experienced researchers. This project also provides a strong contribution to the academic community, not only because it provides a validation benchmark and alternative research approach to the Fairwork project, but also because this project is easily portable to similar courses in other country contexts.
本文展示了南非硕士课程中的一个创新学生研究项目,学生们在该项目中学会了在现实世界中应用合理的研究方法,并将他们的工作与全球研究项目相结合。Fairwork(https://fair.work)该项目评估了一些国家的零工平台在多大程度上符合工人的“公平工作”原则。公平工作项目有一个明确而严格的研究方法,世界各地的高级学者都使用该方法来对电子叫车(Bolt、优步)或快递服务(UberEats)等劳动经纪平台进行评级,以评估其对员工公平工作原则的采用情况。比勒陀利亚大学在2020年“数字经济”硕士课程中,在一个以学生为基础的小组项目中采用了这一研究方法。学生小组使用了同样的方法,并采访了南非平台工作人员,为七个不同的平台打分。关键的动机和预期的好处是,研究方法已经过尝试和测试,学生应该能够应用早期(理论)研究方法课程中教授的技能,必须研究并内化零工经济的特定学科知识,每个群体都可以自由选择自己的平台,结果可以根据公开的评分进行验证,学生们参与了现实世界的实证研究,他们的研究成果与现实世界有相关性。此外,该项目在2019冠状病毒病部分封锁的情况下运行良好。学生提交的材料超出了所有参与者的预期,一些小组的研究结果与经验丰富的研究人员的水平相匹配。该项目还为学术界做出了巨大贡献,不仅因为它为公平工作项目提供了验证基准和替代研究方法,还因为该项目很容易移植到其他国家的类似课程中。
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引用次数: 0
Guidelines for Theory Development using Qualitative Research Approaches 运用质性研究方法发展理论的指引
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.34190/ejbrm.19.2.2512
N. Pearse
Qualitative research has been criticised for not building a distinctive body of knowledge, leading to fewer publications and citations. In the light of this critique, this paper offers guidance on how qualitative researchers can contribute to developing a distinctive and cumulative body of knowledge, thereby attracting more attention to their research. In pursuit of this aim, there are four objectives addressed in this paper. The first objective is to explain the relevance and value of deductive qualitative approaches to theory building. Secondly, to illustrate how examining the maturation of a concept can help decide the appropriateness of a particular research approach. This paper explains how in their planning, researchers need to confirm their intention to contribute to theory development and to ensure that this is appropriate, given the stage of maturation of the concept to be investigated. The third objective is to offer guidance on the philosophical assumptions of the researcher and how to test research propositions. Therefore, it is advised that data collection and analysis should take place within a post-positivist paradigm, and that the field work should be designed and carried out with research propositions as a point of departure. The final research objective is to explain how the findings of a deductive qualitative study should be handled to demonstrate the contribution of the study to the body of knowledge. Here guidance is offered on the contextualisation and generalisation of research findings.
定性研究因没有建立一个独特的知识体系而受到批评,导致出版物和引用减少。根据这一批评,本文为定性研究人员如何为发展独特和累积的知识体系做出贡献,从而吸引更多人关注他们的研究提供了指导。为了实现这一目标,本文提出了四个目标。第一个目的是解释演绎定性方法对理论构建的相关性和价值。其次,说明审查一个概念的成熟度如何有助于决定特定研究方法的适当性。本文解释了在他们的计划中,研究人员需要确认他们为理论发展做出贡献的意图,并确保这是适当的,考虑到待研究概念的成熟阶段。第三个目标是为研究者的哲学假设以及如何检验研究命题提供指导。因此,建议在后实证主义范式下进行数据收集和分析,并以研究命题为出发点设计和开展实地工作。最后的研究目标是解释如何处理演绎定性研究的结果,以证明该研究对知识体系的贡献。这里提供了关于研究结果的情境化和概括的指导。
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引用次数: 0
EJBRM Volume 19 issue 1, 2021 – March 2021 EJBRM第19卷2021年第1期-2021年3月
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.34190/ejbrm.19.1.2448
Ann Brown
EJBRM Volume 19 issue 1, 2021 – March 2021 Editorial by the Editor; Ann Brown
EJBRM第19卷2021年第1期-2021年3月编辑编辑;Ann Brown
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引用次数: 0
Sampling Theoretically for Comparison 比较的理论抽样
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.34190/EJBRM.19.1.2434
A. Adebayo, B. Ackers
Sampling has historically been one of the major challenges of the comparative research approach. These sampling challenges primarily result from the way researchers select the cases/samples for the study. In this regard, researchers have to a large extent tended to employ non-probability convenience and purposive sampling techniques. Even though it may be argued that these sampling approaches need not be theory driven as samples tend to evolve in the process of research, more often than not, these sampling methods, especially in comparative research designs, while skewing research attention towards over-researched countries and cases, wealthy nations and incomparable cases, also introduce an element of bias into sampling and therefore into research findings. Thus, this paper argues for a move away from the simplicity of purposive and convenience sampling, to one of the more robust forms of theoretical sampling, in order to improve the research rigour associated with the comparative methodological approach. This paper accordingly postulates this may be achieved by engaging in some form of theoretical sampling. In this regard, this paper describes a two-phase method for generating comparative samples from theories, involving six distinct steps.
从历史上看,抽样一直是比较研究方法的主要挑战之一。这些抽样挑战主要源于研究人员为研究选择病例/样本的方式。在这方面,研究人员在很大程度上倾向于使用非概率便利性和有目的的抽样技术。尽管可能有人认为,这些抽样方法不需要理论驱动,因为样本往往在研究过程中演变,但这些抽样方法,尤其是在比较研究设计中,往往会将研究注意力转向研究过度的国家和案例、富裕国家和不可比的案例,还将偏倚因素引入抽样,从而引入研究结果。因此,本文主张从目的性和便利性抽样的简单性转向更稳健的理论抽样形式之一,以提高与比较方法论方法相关的研究严谨性。因此,本文假设这可以通过某种形式的理论抽样来实现。在这方面,本文描述了一种从理论中生成比较样本的两阶段方法,包括六个不同的步骤。
{"title":"Sampling Theoretically for Comparison","authors":"A. Adebayo, B. Ackers","doi":"10.34190/EJBRM.19.1.2434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34190/EJBRM.19.1.2434","url":null,"abstract":"Sampling has historically been one of the major challenges of the comparative research approach. These sampling challenges primarily result from the way researchers select the cases/samples for the study. In this regard, researchers have to a large extent tended to employ non-probability convenience and purposive sampling techniques. Even though it may be argued that these sampling approaches need not be theory driven as samples tend to evolve in the process of research, more often than not, these sampling methods, especially in comparative research designs, while skewing research attention towards over-researched countries and cases, wealthy nations and incomparable cases, also introduce an element of bias into sampling and therefore into research findings. Thus, this paper argues for a move away from the simplicity of purposive and convenience sampling, to one of the more robust forms of theoretical sampling, in order to improve the research rigour associated with the comparative methodological approach. This paper accordingly postulates this may be achieved by engaging in some form of theoretical sampling. In this regard, this paper describes a two-phase method for generating comparative samples from theories, involving six distinct steps.","PeriodicalId":38532,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49116434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Understanding the Relationships between Fields of Research 理解研究领域之间的关系
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-03-24 DOI: 10.34190/EJBRM.19.1.2125
A. Basden
This paper suggests how mutual understanding and respect may be fostered between very different fields of research, which seem to have little in common. The meaning and value of each field, and the relationships among them, are revealed using Dooyeweerd's aspects. Dooyeweerd is rare among philosophers in having made an intensive study of the diversity and coherence of meaningfulness. In this way, researchers in one field can more fully understand the ways in which findings or research in other fields are meaningful. Dooyeweerd's inter-aspect relationships help us understand the types of relationship a field might have with others.
这篇论文提出了如何在不同的研究领域之间培养相互理解和尊重,这些领域似乎没有什么共同之处。每个领域的意义和价值,以及它们之间的关系,都是用Dooyeweerd的角度来揭示的。Dooyeweerd对意义的多样性和一致性进行了深入研究,这在哲学家中是罕见的。通过这种方式,一个领域的研究人员可以更充分地理解其他领域的发现或研究是有意义的。Dooyeweerd的内部关系帮助我们理解一个领域与其他领域之间可能存在的关系类型。
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引用次数: 2
Pedagogy and Evaluation: The Challenge for Business and Management Degree Courses in the 21st Century 教学法与评价:21世纪工商管理学位课程面临的挑战
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.34190/JBRM.18.2.002
A. Brown, M. Rich
The twenty first century has been a period of major change for business organisations and industries. This has led to an ever greater interest in and demand for managers with not only the traditional subject knowledge and technical skills but also individual business skills. To meet these demands business schools are under pressure to adapt their courses appropriately and to innovate. For an undergraduate degree in business management, this includes both the structure of the degree, the subjects covered, the teaching methods used and the whole student learning experience. But innovation poses a major challenge for researchers and teachers alike – how can the effect of an innovation be measured or assessed? This paper assesses the current state of evaluation methods applied in Business Schools. Student feedback has emerged as the dominant approach, but application is still at a fairly basic level. A case example of evaluating the new first year redesign of the business management degree at City’s Business School is used to illustrate the practical issues involved. Student feedback offers some indication of the success of the redesigned degree, but it does not entail any constructive dialogue between students and lecturers, and students often lack the skills to frame feedback constructively. The paper discusses the implications of changes in the business context for the evaluation methods used in Business Schools.
21世纪是商业组织和行业发生重大变化的时期。这导致人们对不仅具有传统学科知识和技术技能,而且具有个人商业技能的管理人员的兴趣和需求越来越大。为了满足这些需求,商学院面临着适当调整课程和创新的压力。对于商业管理本科学位,这包括学位的结构、涵盖的科目、使用的教学方法和整个学生的学习经历。但是创新对研究人员和教师都提出了一个重大挑战——如何衡量或评估创新的效果?本文对商学院应用的评估方法的现状进行了评估。学生反馈已成为主要的方法,但应用仍处于相当基础的水平。本文以评估伦敦城市商学院(City’s business School)工商管理学位第一年重新设计的案例为例,说明了所涉及的实际问题。学生的反馈提供了重新设计学位课程成功的一些迹象,但它不需要学生和讲师之间进行任何建设性的对话,学生往往缺乏建设性地构建反馈的技能。本文讨论了商业环境变化对商学院使用的评估方法的影响。
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引用次数: 4
Book review: Pat Bazeley’s ‘A practical introduction to Mixed Methods for Business and Management’ 书评:Pat Bazeley的《商业和管理混合方法的实用介绍》
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.34190/jbrm.18.1.005
Reviewer - The Editor Ann Brown Brown
Mixed Methods is a research methodology that integrates several types of data (both qualitative and quantitative) for a research project, using more than one analytical technique. This book gives an excellent introduction to the methodology, focusing on the issues involved in the handling of multiple approaches. The readership is assumed to have experience of business research and at least the skill to apply some of the current research methodologies. A mixed methods researcher needs not only an awareness of the main research methodologies, but also the ability to learn how to use them or has access to collaborators who do have the appropriate complementary expertise.
混合方法是一种研究方法,为研究项目整合几种类型的数据(定性和定量),使用多种分析技术。这本书给出了一个很好的介绍方法,重点是涉及到处理多种方法的问题。读者被认为具有商业研究经验,至少具备应用一些当前研究方法的技能。一个混合方法研究者不仅需要了解主要的研究方法,而且还需要有能力学习如何使用它们,或者能够接触到具有适当的互补专业知识的合作者。
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引用次数: 0
Let the Data Speak: Using Rigour to Extract Vitality from Qualitative Data 让数据说话:使用严谨从定性数据中提取活力
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.34190/JBRM.18.1.001
A. Campbell
Qualitative data can be gathered from an array of rich sources of research information. One of the popular ways to collect this data is by interviewing a range of experts on the topic, followed by transcription, resulting in a database of written documents, often supplemented by other documented data that informs the topic. Thematic or Content Analysis can then be used to explore the data and identify themes of meaning that enlighten the research topic, with the themes being gathered into nodes. The researcher now has an array of nodes, which needs to be organised into a coherent model, and more importantly, one that represents the views of the research informants. To do this with some degree of rigour, the researcher needs some way of ranking the nodes in terms of their relative importance. The node ranking can be based on experience, or on the literature, but neither of these approaches looks to the data itself. If the database contains new or unexpected knowledge, neither experience nor the literature will guide us to it, and vital new insights may easily be missed. The framework outlined in this paper aims to provide a sound first‑cut analysis of the data, based on the evidence in the research interviews themselves. Clearly the literature and research experience have an important role to play in shaping the results of any research. However this paper argues that one should proceed only after the data itself has been offered "the first chance to speak".The node classification matrix detailed here, identifies distinct node categories, each ranging in significance and with particular characteristics that reveal key aspects of the informants' views. In this way the researcher can use the nodes to reveal the voice of the experts, and build a scientifically rigorous set of results from a qualitative database.
定性数据可以从一系列丰富的研究信息来源中收集。收集这些数据的一种常用方法是采访该主题的一系列专家,然后进行转录,形成书面文件数据库,通常由其他记录数据补充,以告知该主题。然后可以使用主题或内容分析来探索数据并确定启发研究主题的意义主题,并将主题收集到节点中。研究人员现在有了一组节点,需要将它们组织成一个连贯的模型,更重要的是,一个代表研究举报人观点的模型。为了在一定程度上做到这一点,研究人员需要根据节点的相对重要性对它们进行排序。节点排名可以基于经验,也可以基于文献,但这两种方法都不考虑数据本身。如果数据库包含新的或意想不到的知识,无论是经验还是文献都无法引导我们找到它,重要的新见解可能很容易被遗漏。本文概述的框架旨在根据研究访谈本身的证据,对数据进行合理的初步分析。显然,文献和研究经验在形成任何研究结果方面都发挥着重要作用。然而,本文认为,只有在数据本身获得“第一次发言机会”之后,人们才应该继续进行研究。这里详细介绍的节点分类矩阵确定了不同的节点类别,每个类别在重要性和特定特征上都有所不同,这些特征揭示了举报人观点的关键方面。通过这种方式,研究人员可以使用节点来揭示专家的声音,并从定性数据库中构建科学严谨的结果集。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods
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