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Drowning of Pet Owners during Attempted Animal Rescues: The AVIR-A Syndrome 宠物主人在试图拯救动物时溺水:av - a综合征
Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.25035/ijare.12.02.08
J. Pearn, A. Peden, R. Franklin
The rescuer who drowns can result from the attempted rescue of a human or an animal. We report here a total population analysis of all drowning fatalities for the 14-year period 1–July-2002 to 30-June-2016 which involved an attempted rescue of an animal. Cases were drawn from the Royal Life Saving National Fatal Drowning Database, which in turn, derived its data primarily from the National Coronial Information System (NCIS). Eight people drowned, all adults (ranging in age from 19-74 years), in the attempted rescue of an animal. Seven of the animals were domestic pet dogs, and in two cases farm animals. Six of the eight fatalities occurred in inland waterways. The AVIR-A syndrome, the ‘Aquatic Victim Instead of Rescuer– Animal’ (AVIR-A) drowning syndrome, is a subset of the AVIR drowning syndrome. Environmental design and regulation are unlikely to prevent this type of fatality. Public awareness, with emphasis on non-contact rescue training should be the approach taken.
溺死的救援者可能是由于试图营救人或动物而导致的。我们在此报告了2002年7月1日至2016年6月30日14年间所有溺水死亡人数的总人口分析,其中涉及试图拯救动物。案例来自皇家救生国家致命溺水数据库,而该数据库的数据主要来自国家冠状信息系统(NCIS)。在试图营救一只动物的过程中,有8人溺亡,均为成年人(年龄在19-74岁之间)。其中7只动物是家养宠物狗,2只动物是农场动物。8起死亡事故中有6起发生在内陆水道。avr - a综合征,即“水生受害者而不是救援者-动物”(avr - a)溺水综合征,是avr溺水综合征的一个子集。环境设计和监管不太可能阻止这种死亡。应采取提高公众意识,强调非接触式救援训练的方法。
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引用次数: 1
Towards a “Rescue Ready” Mindset: Can Lifeguard Teams Learn Lessons from the Attributes of Chronic Unease? 走向“随时准备救援”的心态:救生员团队能从长期不安的属性中吸取教训吗?
Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.25035/ijare.12.02.01
B. Doyle, Jon K. Webber
Highly Reliable Organisations (HROs) are safety-centric organisations that operate in complex environments alongside risky technologies and processes. There is a high risk of catastrophe and error in these settings, the consequences of which may result in loss of life, financial cost, and damage to the environment. “Chronic unease” is a concept originally adopted by Royal Dutch Shell describing a mindset that has five predictable attributes that contribute to an individual’s and organisational safety culture. The authors of this paper describe the attributes of chronic unease in the context of lifeguard operations. A case study of a dangerous and dynamic rescue situation from a popular New Zealand beach is presented and analysed wearing a ‘cloak of chronic unease’ to draw upon the attributes of this concept and to present a discussion about how lifeguards, their managers, and leaders may learn valuable lessons from HROs to develop safer operations by fostering a similar mindset we have dubbed: “The Rescue-Ready” mindset.
高可靠性组织(hro)是以安全为中心的组织,它们在复杂的环境中与风险技术和流程一起运行。在这些环境中,发生灾难和错误的风险很高,其后果可能导致生命损失、经济损失和环境破坏。“长期不安”这个概念最初是由荷兰皇家壳牌(Royal Dutch Shell)采用的,它描述了一种心态,这种心态有五个可预测的属性,有助于个人和组织的安全文化。本文的作者描述了在救生员操作的背景下慢性不安的属性。本文以新西兰一个受欢迎的海滩为例,对一个危险而动态的救援情况进行了分析,并以“长期不安的外衣”为基础,提出了这一概念的特征,并讨论了救生员、他们的经理和领导者如何从HROs那里学到宝贵的经验,通过培养一种我们称之为“准备救援”的心态,来发展更安全的行动。
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引用次数: 0
Creativity, Experience, and Reflection: One Magic Formula to Develop Preventive Water Competences 创造力,经验和反思:一个神奇的公式来发展预防水的能力
Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.25035/IJARE.12.02.02
Ortiz Olivar, I. Ana
Preventive water competences that children should learn to be safe in the water have been discussed and revised. Methodology to promote these wáter competences has not had the same amount of examination and discussion so far. From an ecological perspective, we share some key points derived from the objectives of the research-into-action program called “The development of preventive water competences in 5th and 6th grade school students” as conducted in Junior Lifeguard programs in Uruguay. It involved six groups of 10 to 12-yearold Estate School students studied in two cycles. The whole process conveyed how our methodology changed from experiences and assessment results.
已经讨论和修订了儿童应该学习的预防性水能力,以便在水中安全。迄今为止,促进这些wáter能力的方法还没有进行相同数量的审查和讨论。从生态学的角度来看,我们分享了乌拉圭初级救生员项目中“五年级和六年级学生预防性水能力发展”研究行动计划目标的一些关键点。它涉及六组10至12岁的地产学校学生,分为两个周期学习。整个过程传达了我们的方法如何从经验和评估结果中改变。
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引用次数: 1
Examining Group Differences in Emotion Regulation Strategies and the State and Trait Anxiety of Lifeguards and Non-Lifeguards in a Real-World Precompetitive Situation 现实世界前竞争情境中救生员与非救生员情绪调节策略、状态焦虑与特质焦虑的群体差异研究
Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.25035/ijare.12.02.04
Hannah L. M. Calverley, P. Davis, J. Harvey, Christopher Mesagno
The purpose of this study was to investigate differences, between swimmerlifeguards and swimmer-non-lifeguards, in trait and state anxiety and emotion regulation techniques in a real-life precompetitive situation with a secondary focus on gender differences. The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Sport Anxiety Scale – 2 and the Mental Readiness Form – 3 were distributed to 100 participants at university swimming competitions in the United Kingdom. Swimmer-lifeguards displayed significantly lower cognitive (p=.03) and somatic state (p=.05) anxiety and cognitive trait anxiety (p=.02) than swimmernon-lifeguards. Males reported significantly lower levels of cognitive and somatic trait anxiety (p<.01) than females. There was also a gender-group interaction, with male swimmer-lifeguards showing significantly lower somatic trait anxiety than the other groups (p<.03). Males indicated significantly greater use of reappraisal than females (p=.01); no other effects were observed. These results support previous research regarding lifeguard characteristics, however the nature of these qualities and how they originate require further exploration.
本研究的目的是调查游泳救生员和游泳非救生员在现实生活中竞争前情境下的特质和状态焦虑和情绪调节技术的差异,并着重研究性别差异。本研究以情绪调节问卷、运动焦虑量表(2)及心理准备量表(3)为对象,对100名参加英国大学游泳比赛的学生进行问卷调查。游泳救生员的认知焦虑(p=.03)、躯体状态焦虑(p=.05)和认知特质焦虑(p=.02)显著低于非游泳救生员。男性报告的认知和躯体特质焦虑水平显著低于女性(p< 0.01)。男性游泳救生员的躯体特质焦虑显著低于其他组(p<.03)。男性比女性更倾向于重新评价(p= 0.01);没有观察到其他影响。这些结果支持了先前关于救生员特征的研究,然而这些特征的性质及其起源需要进一步探索。
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引用次数: 3
Forming Ego Identity and its relationship with Social Responsibility among Northern Border University students' in Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯北部边境大学学生自我同一性的形成及其与社会责任的关系
Pub Date : 2020-02-24 DOI: 10.36771/ijre.44.1.20-pp284-317
Khaled Alenezi
The study aims to reveal the relationship between the formation of ego identity and the social responsibility of the students of the Northern Border University in Saudi Arabia and explores the effect of gender on the formation of ego identity. The study sample consists of 672 students (324 males, 348 females). Instruments included the objective measure of the ego identity and the scale of social responsibility. Pearson correlation coefficient and independent samples t-test were used. The results indicated that there is a significant correlation between levels of ideological identity, social identity, total ego identity and some dimensions of social responsibility, and the total score. Furthermore, results showed that there are significant differences between males and females in some levels of ideological identity, social identity, total ego identity, which includes achievement and foreclosure in favor of males and moratorium for females.
本研究旨在揭示沙特阿拉伯北部边境大学学生自我同一性的形成与社会责任的关系,并探讨性别对自我同一性形成的影响。研究样本由672名学生组成(其中男生324名,女生348名)。工具包括自我同一性客观测量和社会责任量表。采用Pearson相关系数和独立样本t检验。结果表明:大学生的思想认同、社会认同、总自我认同和社会责任的某些维度与总分存在显著相关。此外,研究结果还表明,男女大学生在思想认同、社会认同、总自我认同(包括成就和止赎倾向于男性,暂停倾向于女性)等层面上存在显著差异。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Using Circular House Strategy on Teaching International Relations Unit on Achievement and Attitudes towards Social and National Studies for Grade 8 Students 在国际关系单元教学中使用循环屋策略对八年级学生社会与国家研究成绩和态度的影响
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.36771/ijre.44.3.20-pp319-351
Maha Ibrahem Alkaltham
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the roundhouse strategy related to teaching international relations unit on grade eight students’ achievement and attitudes toward national and social studies module. The researcher prepared a teaching unit in international relations embedded in the one of the units of national and social studies module taught to grade eight students. The researcher also prepared a teacher’s guide in using roundhouse strategy. The sample comprised forty students in grade 8 at Almajmaah governance. The students were divided into two groups: an experimental group taught using roundhouse method, and a control group following the traditional instruction. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference (α ˂ 0.05) in the posttesting results of the international relations unit in favor of experimental group students. In addition, a statistically significant difference (α ˂ 0.05) was found in the post-testing of the attitudes scale in favor of the experimental group. Due to its role in strengthening student's national allegiance, loyalty and acknowledgement of kingdom's efforts.
本研究旨在探讨与国际关系单元教学相关的roundhouse策略对八年级学生的成绩和对国家与社会研究模块的态度的影响。研究者在八年级学生讲授的国家与社会研究模块的一个单元中嵌入了一个国际关系教学单元。研究人员还编写了一份使用回旋策略的教师指南。样本包括Almajmaah管理学院八年级的40名学生。学生被分为两组:实验组采用圆屋教学法,对照组采用传统教学法。结果表明,国际关系单元的后测结果与实验组学生有统计学上的显著差异(α依据0.05)。此外,在态度量表的后测中,实验组的得分有统计学上的显著差异(α小于0.05)。由于它的作用,加强学生的国家忠诚,忠诚和承认王国的努力。
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (Seventh Edition) 书评:美国心理学会出版手册(第七版)
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.36771/ijre.44.3.20-pp352-356
Mona Ali Almarri
Book Review: Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (Seventh Edition)
书评:美国心理学会出版手册(第七版)
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引用次数: 0
The Effectiveness of Working Memory Training Programs for Special Needs and Typically Developing Students in Arab Countries: A Meta-Analysis Study 阿拉伯国家特殊需要和典型发展学生工作记忆训练计划的有效性:一项荟萃分析研究
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.36771/ijre.44.3.20-pp41-73
Mohammad Sayed Said Soliman
Working memory training programs have attracted great interest, with claims that the training programs can have diverse beneficial effects. The purpose of this article was to examine nearand far-transfer effects following working-memory training and identify the significant moderators related to these effects. Twentythree research articles were included in the metaanalysis. The results showed that near-transfer effects of verbal and visual-spatial working memory skills had effect sizes ranging from 3.22 to 2.99 respectively. Far-transfer effects of reading comprehension and academic achievement had effect sizes ranging from 3.17 to 2.43 respectively. Two significant moderators, namely, learner status (typically/special needs) and duration of training sessions(less 40 m/more 40 m) had an impact on near-transfer effects only.
工作记忆训练项目引起了人们极大的兴趣,人们声称这些训练项目可以产生多种有益的影响。本文的目的是研究工作记忆训练后的远、近迁移效应,并确定与这些效应相关的显著调节因子。23篇研究论文被纳入meta分析。结果表明,言语和视觉空间工作记忆的近迁移效应值分别为3.22 ~ 2.99。阅读理解和学业成绩的远迁移效应值分别为3.17 ~ 2.43。两个重要的调节因素,即学习者状态(典型/特殊需要)和培训课程的持续时间(少于40米/多于40米)仅对接近迁移效应有影响。
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引用次数: 0
A Feasibility Study for Developing a Computerized Adaptive Form of Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices Test for Omani Children Based on the Item Response Theory 基于项目反应理论的阿曼儿童瑞文彩色递进矩阵测验计算机自适应形式的可行性研究
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.36771/ijre.44.3.20-pp142-181
E. Omara, علي مهدي كاظم
The current study investigated the feasibility of developing a computerized adaptive form of Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices test, one of the most important culture-free intelligent tests, using the Item Response Theory. The test consists of 36 items divided into three groups. The data used in the current study were adapted from the study by Kadhim et al. (2008), which included 1042 subjects, aged 5 to 10 from both genders and distributed into 11 Omani governorates. Item Response Theory assumptions were met and then the mirtCAT package was used to evaluate a computerized adaptive form of the test. Raven’s test items were compatible with the three-parameter model which was used to scale the test items. The Maximum Fisher Information method was used to select items in the adaptive form. The full and the adaptive forms were compared to each other across the different simulated conditions in the current study. The results indicated that using 17 items of the adaptive form could accurately estimate the subjects’ abilities without a substantial loss of information. The previous finding is a preliminary indication of the possibility of developing an adaptive form of the colored progressive matrices test that can be used in various assessments that practitioners may need to assess, classify or diagnose children.
本研究利用项目反应理论,探讨了开发一种计算机自适应形式的雷文彩色递进矩阵测验的可行性。测试包括36个项目,分为三组。本研究使用的数据改编自Kadhim等人(2008年)的研究,该研究包括1042名受试者,年龄在5至10岁之间,男女皆有,分布在阿曼11个省。项目反应理论假设被满足,然后mircat包被用来评估计算机自适应形式的测试。Raven的测试项目与三参数模型兼容,该模型用于测量测试项目。采用最大费雪信息法选择自适应表单中的项目。在不同的模拟条件下,对完全形式和自适应形式进行了比较。结果表明,使用17个自适应表格可以准确地估计受试者的能力,而不会造成大量的信息丢失。先前的发现是一个初步的迹象,表明开发一种适应性形式的彩色渐进矩阵测试的可能性,这种测试可以用于各种评估,从业人员可能需要评估,分类或诊断儿童。
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引用次数: 0
The Factorial Structure of the Scientific Curiosity Scale for Grade 9 and 10 Students in the Sultanate of Oman 阿曼苏丹国九、十年级学生科学好奇心量表的析因结构
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.36771/ijre.44.3.20-pp182-215
Ahmed Abdullah alsebaei M.A, Ehab Mohammed Omara Dr, Mahmoud Ibrahim Abdalla Dr
The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties and the factorial structure of the scientific curiosity scale. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to validate the scale. The study sample included 1244 students from both genders (657 males, 587 females). Participants were 9 and 10 graders chosen from the basic education schools in the governates of Ash-Sharqiyah North, AdDakhiliyah, and Muscat in Oman. The results of both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed three factors of the scientific curiosity scale, namely scientific practices, extensibility, and intolerance of ambiguity. The confirmatory factor analysis using Amos was also applied to analyze the factorial structure of the scale, and fit indices revealed that the factorial structure is compatible with the scientific curiosity scale of the Omani sample data. The paper concludes with a discussion around the possibility of using the scientific curiosity scale to measure scientific curiosity as well as for classifying gifted students and predict students’ future professional preferences.
本研究的目的是检验科学好奇心量表的心理测量特性和析因结构。采用探索性和验证性因素分析对量表进行验证。研究样本包括1244名男女学生(657名男性,587名女性)。参与者是从阿曼北部阿什-沙奇耶省、阿达基利耶省和马斯喀特省基础教育学校中选出的9年级和10年级学生。探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析的结果都揭示了科学好奇心量表的三个因素,即科学实践、可扩展性和不容忍模糊性。运用Amos验证性因子分析对量表的析因结构进行分析,拟合指标显示,该量表的析因结构与阿曼样本数据的科学好奇心量表相兼容。本文最后讨论了利用科学好奇心量表来测量科学好奇心的可能性,以及对资优学生进行分类和预测学生未来专业偏好的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education
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