The strength of the GPS signal on the earth's surface averages-160 dBw. While many GPS receivers leave large space for signal dynamics, enough power space is left for the GPS signals to be spoofed. Spoofing is completely different from jamming. The objective of jamming is to simply interrupt the availability of the signal in space at the receiver. The effect is to cause the signal at the receiver to be corrupted so that no valid GPS signal can be decoded by the receiver. The goal of spoofing, on the other hand, is to provide the receiver with a misleading signal, fooling the receiver to use fake signals in space for positioning calculations. The receiver will produce a misleading position solution. While the GPS P-code is heavily encrypted and thus, is hard to spoof. The civilian GPS signal, is easy to spoof because the signal structure, the spread spectrum codes, and modulation methods are open to the public. The stability and predictability of GPS L1 signal are good, because: the frequencies, initial phase and C/A code for each level of modulation are stable, without frequency hopping which is frequently used in military radio communications.
{"title":"Civilian Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Vulnerability to GPS Spoofing Attacks","authors":"Liang He, Wei Li, Chengjun Guo, Ruizhao Niu","doi":"10.1109/ISCID.2014.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCID.2014.131","url":null,"abstract":"The strength of the GPS signal on the earth's surface averages-160 dBw. While many GPS receivers leave large space for signal dynamics, enough power space is left for the GPS signals to be spoofed. Spoofing is completely different from jamming. The objective of jamming is to simply interrupt the availability of the signal in space at the receiver. The effect is to cause the signal at the receiver to be corrupted so that no valid GPS signal can be decoded by the receiver. The goal of spoofing, on the other hand, is to provide the receiver with a misleading signal, fooling the receiver to use fake signals in space for positioning calculations. The receiver will produce a misleading position solution. While the GPS P-code is heavily encrypted and thus, is hard to spoof. The civilian GPS signal, is easy to spoof because the signal structure, the spread spectrum codes, and modulation methods are open to the public. The stability and predictability of GPS L1 signal are good, because: the frequencies, initial phase and C/A code for each level of modulation are stable, without frequency hopping which is frequently used in military radio communications.","PeriodicalId":385391,"journal":{"name":"2014 Seventh International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Design","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134114142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to enhance the moving target detection performance of airborne SAR, a virtual tri-channel displaced phase center antenna (DPCA) approach based on increasing radar echoes' channel using equivalent phase center approach is proposed in this paper. The echoes' characteristic of actual aperture and virtual aperture is analyzed firstly. Then, the compensation to virtual aperture channel in order to realize virtual tri-channel DPCA, the compensation is given and analyzed and the processing frame of moving target detection of airborne SAR based on virtual tri-channel DPCA approach is established. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show the new algorithm is effective and the detection performance is superior to the traditional DPCA algorithm.
{"title":"Moving Target Detection of Airborne SAR Based on Virtual Tri-channel Displaced Phase Center Antenna Approach","authors":"Yibin Wang, Zhulin Zong","doi":"10.1109/ISCID.2014.182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCID.2014.182","url":null,"abstract":"In order to enhance the moving target detection performance of airborne SAR, a virtual tri-channel displaced phase center antenna (DPCA) approach based on increasing radar echoes' channel using equivalent phase center approach is proposed in this paper. The echoes' characteristic of actual aperture and virtual aperture is analyzed firstly. Then, the compensation to virtual aperture channel in order to realize virtual tri-channel DPCA, the compensation is given and analyzed and the processing frame of moving target detection of airborne SAR based on virtual tri-channel DPCA approach is established. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show the new algorithm is effective and the detection performance is superior to the traditional DPCA algorithm.","PeriodicalId":385391,"journal":{"name":"2014 Seventh International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Design","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114477674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Enterprise managers should master the debt risk in order to make the right decision. SOM (Self-Organizing Maps) is a type of artificial neural network trained by unsupervised learning. First, the paper improves the neighborhood function of SOM network. Then, this paper uses the improved SOM network to cluster 24 steel listed companies' solvency. The sort of solvency will offer solution for operators to find insufficiencies for enterprise development.
{"title":"Cluster Analysis of Listed Company Solvency Based on the SOM","authors":"Yun Lin, Jie Wang","doi":"10.1109/ISCID.2014.225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCID.2014.225","url":null,"abstract":"Enterprise managers should master the debt risk in order to make the right decision. SOM (Self-Organizing Maps) is a type of artificial neural network trained by unsupervised learning. First, the paper improves the neighborhood function of SOM network. Then, this paper uses the improved SOM network to cluster 24 steel listed companies' solvency. The sort of solvency will offer solution for operators to find insufficiencies for enterprise development.","PeriodicalId":385391,"journal":{"name":"2014 Seventh International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Design","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125598268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, a detection method of extra matters on the transmission lines is proposed. Our method can be divided into two steps: the detection of the transmission lines and the detection of the sky. To locate the lines, we design a set of simple and efficient filters to obtain the candidates of the lines. Compared with the previous work using the length of the lines to perform the transmission lines classification, we use the color and texture features to make it more robust to the variation of the background. To recognize the sky, we first over-segment the image. Then, we design the color and texture features for the detection of the sky. Finally, these features are used to train the classifier of the sky. After the transmission lines and the sky are detected, we confirm whether there is extra matter on the transmission lines. The experimental results indicate that our algorithm can recognize the extra matters on transmission lines fast and accurately.
{"title":"The Detection of Extra Matters on the Transmission Lines Based on the Filter Response and Appearance","authors":"N. Yao, Gongyi Hong, YaJuan Guo, T. Zhang","doi":"10.1109/ISCID.2014.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCID.2014.141","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a detection method of extra matters on the transmission lines is proposed. Our method can be divided into two steps: the detection of the transmission lines and the detection of the sky. To locate the lines, we design a set of simple and efficient filters to obtain the candidates of the lines. Compared with the previous work using the length of the lines to perform the transmission lines classification, we use the color and texture features to make it more robust to the variation of the background. To recognize the sky, we first over-segment the image. Then, we design the color and texture features for the detection of the sky. Finally, these features are used to train the classifier of the sky. After the transmission lines and the sky are detected, we confirm whether there is extra matter on the transmission lines. The experimental results indicate that our algorithm can recognize the extra matters on transmission lines fast and accurately.","PeriodicalId":385391,"journal":{"name":"2014 Seventh International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Design","volume":"188 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132243070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
When using global features for 3D model retrieval, we ignore the local similarity of 3D model. To solve this problem, we propose a 3D model retrieval method based on local features. First, calculate the normal of each vertex, get the normal projection of each vertex and identify salient points according to the SURF feature of the projection. Extract the local feature around the salient points obtained, and use the local feature to update the global similarity. The experimental results show that this method can effectively improve the 3D model retrieval precision.
{"title":"The 3D Model Retrieval Based on Local Features","authors":"Lei Huo, Xueqiang Lv, Kai Zhang, Zhuo Li","doi":"10.1109/ISCID.2014.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCID.2014.61","url":null,"abstract":"When using global features for 3D model retrieval, we ignore the local similarity of 3D model. To solve this problem, we propose a 3D model retrieval method based on local features. First, calculate the normal of each vertex, get the normal projection of each vertex and identify salient points according to the SURF feature of the projection. Extract the local feature around the salient points obtained, and use the local feature to update the global similarity. The experimental results show that this method can effectively improve the 3D model retrieval precision.","PeriodicalId":385391,"journal":{"name":"2014 Seventh International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Design","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132469732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The popular existing de-noising methods are compared and analyzed, including wavelet packet decomposition, coefficient shrinkage and modulus maxima method of wavelet transform, which advantages and disadvantages are analyzed and summarized. So their suitable scopes and premise condition are obtained. To accurately analyze high frequency part of signal in submarine tunnel monitoring, the maxima method de-noising method based on wavelet transform is suitable for the single characteristics, which can effectively remove the noise interference, and can be well preserved the original signal high frequency detail of tunnel itself part. Finally, the modulus maxima method are successfully adopted to de-noised the monitoring results, and the data de-noised and reconstructed are reliably provided for healthy diagnosis of submarine tunnel.
{"title":"De-noising Analysis for Health Monitoring of Submarine Tunnel by Wavelet Transform","authors":"Xiangxing Kong, Hongzheng Li","doi":"10.1109/ISCID.2014.184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCID.2014.184","url":null,"abstract":"The popular existing de-noising methods are compared and analyzed, including wavelet packet decomposition, coefficient shrinkage and modulus maxima method of wavelet transform, which advantages and disadvantages are analyzed and summarized. So their suitable scopes and premise condition are obtained. To accurately analyze high frequency part of signal in submarine tunnel monitoring, the maxima method de-noising method based on wavelet transform is suitable for the single characteristics, which can effectively remove the noise interference, and can be well preserved the original signal high frequency detail of tunnel itself part. Finally, the modulus maxima method are successfully adopted to de-noised the monitoring results, and the data de-noised and reconstructed are reliably provided for healthy diagnosis of submarine tunnel.","PeriodicalId":385391,"journal":{"name":"2014 Seventh International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Design","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133819991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bistatic SAR (BiSAR) has the advantages of flexible platform configuration, the rich echo information and strong anti-jamming with the separate transmit-receive platform. Focusing bistatic SAR data in frequency domain requires two-dimensional (2D) point target spectrum. In the paper, the method of series reversion (MSR) is chosen to get the 2D spectrum, and then by the means of the Taylor series expansion of 2D spectrum phase along range direction and numerical approximation, an extended bistatic SAR imaging algorithm based on Chirp-Z transform (ECZA) is proposed, which is widely suitable for the flight configuration that the transmitter and receiver follow the parallel path with equal velocity. The imaging quality is compared with the traditional Chirp-Z algorithm (CZA), and the simulation results verify the 2D imaging ability of the proposed method.
{"title":"A New Method for Bistatic SAR Imaging Based on Chirp-Z Transform","authors":"Qian Zhang, Zhulin Zong","doi":"10.1109/ISCID.2014.264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCID.2014.264","url":null,"abstract":"Bistatic SAR (BiSAR) has the advantages of flexible platform configuration, the rich echo information and strong anti-jamming with the separate transmit-receive platform. Focusing bistatic SAR data in frequency domain requires two-dimensional (2D) point target spectrum. In the paper, the method of series reversion (MSR) is chosen to get the 2D spectrum, and then by the means of the Taylor series expansion of 2D spectrum phase along range direction and numerical approximation, an extended bistatic SAR imaging algorithm based on Chirp-Z transform (ECZA) is proposed, which is widely suitable for the flight configuration that the transmitter and receiver follow the parallel path with equal velocity. The imaging quality is compared with the traditional Chirp-Z algorithm (CZA), and the simulation results verify the 2D imaging ability of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":385391,"journal":{"name":"2014 Seventh International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Design","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133495691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to improve the computing speed of ocean acoustic field using the Beam-Displacement Ray-Mode (BDRM) theory, a BDRM parallel computing model based on Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) is designed by virtue of the powerful parallel computing ability of GPU and the character of BDRM theory. The emphasis is how to implement parallel computing of eigen value and eigen function in CUDA programming model. The results of simulation experiment show that the CPU elapsed time increases fast but the GPU elapsed time increases slow with the frequency of the sound source reaching higher. The speedup in blue-water is bigger than that in shallow-water under the same frequency of the sound source. The speedups are 7.84× and 33.36× respectively in shallow-water and blue-water when the frequency of the sound source is 1000Hz. The BDRM parallel computing model based on CUDA has higher computing efficiency than the BDRM serial computing model based on CPU under large scale operations. It could achieve the requirement of fast forecast of ocean acoustic field and engineering application.
{"title":"Study of BDRM Asynchronous Parallel Computing Model Based on Multiple CUDA Streams","authors":"Xuehai Sun, Lianglong Da, Yuyang Li","doi":"10.1109/ISCID.2014.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCID.2014.104","url":null,"abstract":"In order to improve the computing speed of ocean acoustic field using the Beam-Displacement Ray-Mode (BDRM) theory, a BDRM parallel computing model based on Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) is designed by virtue of the powerful parallel computing ability of GPU and the character of BDRM theory. The emphasis is how to implement parallel computing of eigen value and eigen function in CUDA programming model. The results of simulation experiment show that the CPU elapsed time increases fast but the GPU elapsed time increases slow with the frequency of the sound source reaching higher. The speedup in blue-water is bigger than that in shallow-water under the same frequency of the sound source. The speedups are 7.84× and 33.36× respectively in shallow-water and blue-water when the frequency of the sound source is 1000Hz. The BDRM parallel computing model based on CUDA has higher computing efficiency than the BDRM serial computing model based on CPU under large scale operations. It could achieve the requirement of fast forecast of ocean acoustic field and engineering application.","PeriodicalId":385391,"journal":{"name":"2014 Seventh International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Design","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114980032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper proposes a model adaptation algorithm based on central sub band regression for robust speech recognition, which uses a linear transformation to approximate the relationship between the training and testing conditions for each channel of the Mel filter bank and its adjacent channels. The maximum likelihood estimation of each channel transform is obtained by several different divisions of all the Mel channels and sub-band adaptation. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can obtain more accurate testing acoustic models for rapid model adaptation and outperforms the traditional sub-band regression method.
{"title":"Model Adaptation Algorithm Based on Central Subband Regression for Robust Speech Recognition","authors":"Yong Lu, Lin Zhou","doi":"10.1109/ISCID.2014.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCID.2014.173","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a model adaptation algorithm based on central sub band regression for robust speech recognition, which uses a linear transformation to approximate the relationship between the training and testing conditions for each channel of the Mel filter bank and its adjacent channels. The maximum likelihood estimation of each channel transform is obtained by several different divisions of all the Mel channels and sub-band adaptation. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can obtain more accurate testing acoustic models for rapid model adaptation and outperforms the traditional sub-band regression method.","PeriodicalId":385391,"journal":{"name":"2014 Seventh International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Design","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115598770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The weakness of Global Positioning System (GPS) is easy to be jammed, so the study of GPS anti-jamming of has drawn widely attention. The space-domain GPS anti-jamming based on antennas can effectively suppress the interference, however, when GPS and jamming signals come from the same direction, the traditional anti-jamming ability decline sharply. A novel anti-jamming method based on BSS is proposed in this paper to solve this problem. In this paper, Wavelet De-noising is used to eliminate the effect of noise on signals, and BSS is applied to separate GPS from jamming signals. According to separation principle, the cost function is constructed, Newton iterative algorithm is utilized to gain separated signals which contain GPS. Simulation results show that our method is practically feasible for GPS anti-jamming.
{"title":"A Novel Method for GPS Anti-jamming Based on Blind Source Separation","authors":"Xiaobo Liao, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1109/ISCID.2014.130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCID.2014.130","url":null,"abstract":"The weakness of Global Positioning System (GPS) is easy to be jammed, so the study of GPS anti-jamming of has drawn widely attention. The space-domain GPS anti-jamming based on antennas can effectively suppress the interference, however, when GPS and jamming signals come from the same direction, the traditional anti-jamming ability decline sharply. A novel anti-jamming method based on BSS is proposed in this paper to solve this problem. In this paper, Wavelet De-noising is used to eliminate the effect of noise on signals, and BSS is applied to separate GPS from jamming signals. According to separation principle, the cost function is constructed, Newton iterative algorithm is utilized to gain separated signals which contain GPS. Simulation results show that our method is practically feasible for GPS anti-jamming.","PeriodicalId":385391,"journal":{"name":"2014 Seventh International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Design","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116254118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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