Materials Science and Engineering: A最新文献_第5页

Achieving strength-ductility synergy in SiCp/Al-Cu-Mg composites via deploying low-strain zones around Al4C3-free interfaces 通过在无al4c3界面周围部署低应变区，实现SiCp/Al-Cu-Mg复合材料的强度-塑性协同作用

IF 7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: A

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2026.149743

Pengpeng Huang, Yizhe Meng, Yake Wu, Feng Jiang, Jun Sun

SiC_p-reinforced aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) are promising lightweight structural materials owing to high specific strength, high specific modulus, and excellent wear resistance. However, their application is severely limited by the poor plasticity, which originates mainly from the formation of interfacial brittle Al₄C₃ and strain incompatibility between the SiC phase and the matrix. Here, we present a novel strategy for tailoring the SiC/Al interface structure in the SiC_p/Al-Cu-Mg composites by integrating low-temperature sintering (566 °C) with closed-die hot forging. The designed strategy not only suppresses the formation of Al₄C₃, but also preserves local porosity adjacent to the SiC particles, enabling the formation of low-strain zones (LSZs) there during subsequent hot forging. As a result, the composites with 5, 10, and 15 wt % SiC all exhibit favorable strength-ductility synergy, where the 5 wt% SiC_p/Al-Cu-Mg composite shows a yield strength of 332.0 MPa, an ultimate tensile strength of 458.0 MPa and an elongation of 11.0 %. Without forming the brittle Al₄C₃ phase, the LSZs further serve to redistribute dislocations, mitigate strain localization and provide more dislocation storage space in the SiC/Al interface zones, thereby alleviating strain incompatibility and reducing stress concentration towards simultaneous property enhancement over the unreinforced alloy. Our work offers an innovative feasible strategy for making high-performance AMCs by tailoring the interfacial structure.

sicp增强铝基复合材料（AMCs）具有高比强度、高比模量和优异的耐磨性，是一种很有前途的轻量化结构材料。然而，塑性差严重限制了它们的应用，这主要源于界面脆性Al4C3的形成以及SiC相与基体之间的应变不相容。在这里，我们提出了一种将低温烧结（566°C）与闭模热锻相结合的方法来定制SiCp/Al- cu - mg复合材料中SiC/Al界面结构的新策略。设计的策略不仅抑制了Al4C3的形成，而且保留了SiC颗粒附近的局部孔隙，从而在随后的热锻过程中形成了低应变区（LSZs）。结果表明，添加5%、10%和15% SiC的复合材料均表现出良好的强度-塑性协同效应，其中5% SiCp/Al-Cu-Mg复合材料的屈服强度为332.0 MPa，极限抗拉强度为458.0 MPa，伸长率为11.0%。在不形成脆性Al4C3相的情况下，LSZs进一步重新分配位错，减轻应变局部化，并在SiC/Al界面区提供更多的位错存储空间，从而减轻应变不相容，减少应力集中，同时提高合金的性能。我们的工作提供了一种创新的可行策略，通过定制界面结构来制造高性能的amc。

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引用次数: 0

Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of high-temperature anti-softening Cu-Ni-Ti alloy 高温抗软化Cu-Ni-Ti合金组织演变及力学性能

IF 7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: A

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2026.149748

Meiyue Tao , Guoliang Li , Boyu Liu , Jia Sun , Jinghan Ma , Jian Liu , Bo Peng , Zhiqiang Cao , Tingju Li , Jinchuan Jie

The solid solution and aging treatments were carried out on Cu-2.85Ni-xTi alloys, and the effects of precipitates on the properties of the alloys with different Ti contents were studied. The microstructure observation was performed on the as-cast and aging samples, the hardness, strength and high temperature properties were investigated to reveal the precipitate strengthening mechanisms. The results show that the microstructure of the as-cast alloys is mainly composed of elliptical disk-like and granular phases except for Cu-2.85Ni. No precipitate is formed in Cu-2.85Ni after aging, while the precipitation phase of Cu-2.85Ni-0.48Ti is mainly rod-like/needle-like and elliptical disk-like. The precipitation phase of Cu-2.85Ni-3.07Ti is similar to that of Cu-2.85Ni-0.48Ti, while rod-like/needle-like phases become larger. Peak aging is achieved after solid solution at 950 °C for 1 h and aging at 500 °C for 2 h. The Cu-2.85Ni-0.48Ti possesses excellent comprehensive performance, with its hardness, conductivity, yield strength, tensile strength, elongation and softening temperature of 153.1 HV, 47.4 % IACS, 227 MPa, 370 MPa, 23.1 %, and 723 °C respectively. The Cu-2.85Ni-0.48Ti alloy has a softening temperature above 720 °C due to the stable Ni₃Ti phase and the NiTi phase which maintains semi-coherent relationship with the matrix. However, the formation of lamellar β-Cu₄Ti discontinuous precipitates in Cu-2.85Ni-3.07Ti deteriorated the strength and hardness. The Cu-2.85Ni-xTi developed in this work exhibits a significantly higher softening temperature than conventional alloys, making it suitable for demanding high-temperature applications.

对Cu-2.85Ni-xTi合金进行了固溶和时效处理，研究了不同Ti含量合金析出相对合金性能的影响。对铸态和时效试样进行显微组织观察，研究其硬度、强度和高温性能，揭示析出相强化机理。结果表明：铸态合金组织除Cu-2.85Ni外，主要由椭圆盘状和粒状相组成；时效后Cu-2.85Ni中未形成析出相，而Cu-2.85Ni-0.48 ti的析出相主要为棒状/针状和椭圆形圆盘状。Cu-2.85Ni-3.07Ti的析出相与Cu-2.85Ni-0.48Ti相似，但棒状/针状相变大。在950℃固溶1 h， 500℃时效2 h后达到峰值时效。Cu-2.85Ni-0.48Ti具有优异的综合性能，其硬度、电导率、屈服强度、抗拉强度、延伸率和软化温度分别为153.1 HV、47.4% IACS、227 MPa、370 MPa、23.1%和723℃。Cu-2.85Ni-0.48Ti合金在720℃以上的软化温度为稳定的Ni3Ti相和与基体保持半共格关系的NiTi相。而在Cu-2.85Ni-3.07Ti中，层状β-Cu4Ti不连续相的形成使合金的强度和硬度下降。在这项工作中开发的Cu-2.85Ni-xTi表现出比传统合金更高的软化温度，使其适合苛刻的高温应用。

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引用次数: 0

Through-thickness microstructure and mechanical property variations in a 100 mm ultra-heavy steel plate 100mm超重型钢板的全厚显微组织和力学性能变化

IF 7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: A

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2026.149744

Wei Liu, Yinan Zhang, Xiaoning Xu, Bin Wang, Bingxing Wang, Yong Tian

In this study, the microstructural evolution and microstructure-property relationships through the thickness of a 100 mm thick, 510 MPa grade heavy steel plate, manufactured by a thermo-mechanical control process, were investigated. The results indicate that the microstructure near the surface of the plate was dominated by granular bainite (GB) and polygonal ferrite (PF), exhibiting a relatively high average dislocation density. In contrast, the microstructure at the quarter-thickness (1/4t) and mid-thickness (1/2t) layers was primarily characterized by GB with low dislocation density. This difference arises from gradients in the cooling rate and strain accumulation through the thickness direction during the rolling process. In addition, results from cyclic load-unload-reload (LUR) tests indicate that the hetero-deformation-induced (HDI) stress increases from the 1/2t layer toward the surface. Specifically, the HDI stress values for the surface sample, 1/4t sample, and 1/2t sample are 387 MPa, 298 MPa and 302 MPa, respectively. This trend is attributed to the dense hetero-pairs formed by the GB and PF phases in the surface microstructure, which promote strong strain partitioning during deformation. The impact energy at −80 °C for surface, 1/4t, and 1/2t are 29 ± 10 J, 131 ± 30 J, and 39 ± 5 J, respectively. The research revealed that a uniform and homogeneous microstructure with an appropriate dislocation density facilitates strain compatibility and enhances damage tolerance, constituting the primary rationale for the enhanced impact toughness at 1/4t layer compared to other layers. Moreover, the surface layer samples exhibit significant anisotropy in impact toughness compared to the 1/4t and 1/2t layers, which can be attributed to differences in their microstructure, texture, and delamination mechanisms. This study elucidates the mechanisms underlying the evolution of microstructure and mechanical performance through the thickness of heavy steel plates, providing valuable insights for designing high-strength, high-toughness heavy steel plates.

在本研究中，研究了100 mm厚、510 MPa级的热机械控制厚钢板的显微组织演变和显微组织-性能关系。结果表明：近表面组织以粒状贝氏体（GB）和多边形铁素体（PF）为主，平均位错密度较高；四分之一厚度层（1/4t）和中厚度层（1/2t）的显微组织以位错密度低的GB为主。这种差异是由轧制过程中沿厚度方向冷却速率和应变积累的梯度引起的。此外，循环加载-卸载-重新加载（LUR）试验结果表明，异质变形诱导（HDI）应力从1/2t层向表面增加。其中，表面试样、1/4t试样和1/2t试样的HDI应力值分别为387 MPa、298 MPa和302 MPa。这种趋势是由于表面组织中GB相和PF相形成了密集的异质对，在变形过程中促进了强烈的应变分配。表面、1/4t和1/2t在−80℃时的冲击能分别为29±10 J、131±30 J和39±5 J。研究表明，具有适当位错密度的均匀组织有利于应变相容性和增强损伤容限，是1/4t层相对于其他层增强冲击韧性的主要原因。此外，与1/4t和1/2t层相比，表层样品在冲击韧性方面表现出显著的各向异性，这可归因于其微观结构、织构和分层机制的差异。本研究阐明了厚钢板微观结构和力学性能随厚度变化的机理，为高强度、高韧性厚钢板的设计提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Phase-selective transformation enabled coherent interfaces for coordinated deformation in FCC-Laves eutectic high-entropy alloys 相选择变换使FCC-Laves共晶高熵合金的共晶界面实现了协调变形

IF 7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: A

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2026.149747

Yusha Luo , Qihan Zheng , Bo Sun , Ruixin Sheng , Jinxiong Hou , Zhenzeng Chong , Qianqian Wang , Zhijun Guo , Zhe Jia , Yang Tong , Baolong Shen

FCC-Laves eutectic high-entropy alloys (EHEAs) often exhibit brittleness due to mechanical disparity and incompatible interfaces between the soft FCC and hard Laves lamellae. In this study, we report an aging-driven phase-selective transformation approach to develop coherent interfaces in FCC-Laves EHEAs. After aging for 6 h (AG-6h alloy), the brittle Laves phase transforms into deformable D0₂₂ lamellae, converting semi-coherent FCC-Laves interfaces to coherent FCC-D0₂₂ boundaries. Simultaneously, coherent L1₂ precipitates form within the FCC lamellae. This structural evolution leads to doubled compressive plasticity (∼12 %) and elevated strength (∼3000 MPa) compared to the suction-casted alloy. First-principles calculations reveal that the phase-selective transformations of (Ni₁₄Co₈Fe₁Cr₁)(Ta₆Cr₁Fe₁)-D0₂₂ and cubical (Co₉Ni₈Fe₅Cr₂)(Ta₃Cr₂Fe₃)-L1₂ precipitates are thermodynamically favorable and enable interfaces coherent with the FCC matrix. The newly formed coherent FCC-D0₂₂ and FCC-L1₂ interfaces promote strain partitioning between adjacent lamellae under high stress. Consequently, the deformation mode changed from planar slips and stacking faults (SFs) in the suction-cast alloy to a coordinated mechanism in AG-6h alloy, involving dislocations with SFs in both FCC and D0₂₂ phases, along with deformation twins within the D0₂₂ phase. The competition between various deformation micro-mechanism modes is studied by transmission electron microscope and discussed based on generalized stacking fault energy curves. The phase-selective transformation strategy opens new perspectives for designing novel FCC-Laves EHEAs with low-misfit interfaces and high performance.

FCC-Laves共晶高熵合金（EHEAs）由于软FCC片与硬Laves片之间的力学差异和不相容界面而表现出脆性。在这项研究中，我们报告了一种老化驱动的相位选择变换方法，用于在FCC-Laves EHEAs中开发相干界面。时效6h后（AG-6h合金），脆性Laves相转变为可变形的D022片，将半共融FCC-Laves界面转变为共融FCC-D022界面。同时，FCC片层内形成了相干L12相。与吸铸合金相比，这种结构的演变导致了双倍的压缩塑性（~ 12%）和更高的强度（~ 3000 MPa）。第一性原理计算表明（Ni14Co8Fe1Cr1）(Ta6Cr1Fe1)-D022和立方体（Co9Ni8Fe5Cr2）(Ta3Cr2Fe3)-L12相的相选择转变在热力学上是有利的，并使界面与FCC基体相一致。新形成的FCC-D022和FCC-L12界面在高应力下促进相邻片层之间的应变分配。因此，AG-6h合金的变形模式由吸铸合金的平面滑移和层错（SFs）转变为协调机制，包括FCC和D022相中的SFs位错以及D022相中的变形孪晶。利用透射电镜研究了各种变形微观机制模式之间的竞争，并基于广义层错能曲线对其进行了讨论。相位选择转换策略为设计具有低失配接口和高性能的新型FCC-Laves EHEAs开辟了新的视角。

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引用次数: 0

Achieving high strength and good ductility in Co-free CuCrFeNiTi high entropy alloys through controlled titanium addition 通过控制加钛，使无钴CuCrFeNiTi高熵合金具有较高的强度和良好的延展性

IF 7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: A

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2026.149742

Peter Benard Oboso , Julia Horioka , Seiya Oyama , Li-Fu Yi , Tetsuhiko Onda , Lili Guo , Shigekazu Morito , Zhong-Chun Chen

Co-free high-entropy alloys (HEAs) are promising, cost-effective candidates for structural applications, but their inherently low strength has hindered widespread industrial adoption. In this study, a series of Cu₂₀Cr₁₀Fe_35-0.5xNi_35-0.5xTi_x (x = 0, 2, 6, 8, and 10) HEAs were synthesized through mechanical alloying (MA) and spark plasma sintering (SPS). Microstructural analysis revealed a predominantly FCC-structured matrix with minor secondary phases strongly dependent on Ti content. Alloys with low Ti contents (Ti < 6 at%) contained Cr₇C₃ phase, while the Ti6 alloy (x = 6) showed TiC and η phases. At higher Ti contents, TiC particles formed alongside η and L1₂ precipitation phases. Notably, this work demonstrates for the first time that Ti additions can transform detrimental Cr₇C₃ contamination from milling media into beneficial TiC particles, leading to significant grain refinement. The Ti6 alloy achieved a yield strength (YS) of 683 MPa with 30.0 % elongation, while the Ti8 alloy attained a YS of 1085 MPa and an elongation of 9.5 %. In particular, the Ti8 alloy demonstrates one of the best strength–ductility combinations reported for Cu-rich HEAs, despite the inherent tendency of Cu to segregate and degrade mechanical strength. This exceptional performance is attributed to grain refinement, dispersion strengthening by TiC particles and L1₂ nanoprecipitates, and a distinctive three-stage work-hardening behavior associated with hierarchical precipitation and deformation twinning. This work presents an effective strategy for overcoming the strength–ductility trade-off in MAed/SPSed Co-free HEAs through Ti alloying.

无co高熵合金（HEAs）是一种很有前途的、具有成本效益的结构应用候选材料，但其固有的低强度阻碍了工业应用的广泛应用。本研究采用机械合金化（MA）和火花等离子烧结（SPS）制备了一系列Cu20Cr10Fe35-0.5xNi35-0.5xTix (x = 0,2,6,8和10)HEAs。显微结构分析显示，主要是fcc结构的基体，次要相强烈依赖于Ti含量。Ti含量低的合金（Ti < 6 at%）含有Cr7C3相，而Ti6合金（x = 6）则含有TiC和η相。当Ti含量较高时，TiC颗粒沿η相和L12相析出。值得注意的是，这项工作首次证明了Ti的添加可以将铣削介质中的有害Cr7C3污染转化为有益的TiC颗粒，从而导致显著的晶粒细化。Ti6合金的屈服强度为683 MPa，伸长率为30.0%；Ti8合金的屈服强度为1085 MPa，伸长率为9.5%。尤其值得注意的是，Ti8合金在富Cu HEAs中表现出了最好的强度-塑性组合，尽管Cu具有固有的偏析和降低机械强度的倾向。这种优异的性能归功于晶粒细化、TiC颗粒和L12纳米沉淀物的分散强化，以及与分层析出和变形孪晶相关的独特的三阶段加工硬化行为。这项工作提出了一种有效的策略来克服通过Ti合金化MAed/SPSed无co HEAs的强度-塑性权衡。

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引用次数: 0

Sub-solvus solution rejuvenation heat treatment enhances intermediate-temperature creep resistance of superalloys beyond original properties 亚固溶回春热处理使高温合金的中温蠕变性能大大提高

IF 7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: A

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2026.149737

Yunpeng Hu , Yi Ru , Yifeng Xing , Boxuan Du , Yang Cao , Tianxu Ji , Yang Song , Hongzhi Su , Ming Gu , Ben Chen , Bin Gan , Shan Li , Wenyue Zhao , Yanling Pei , Shusuo Li , Shengkai Gong , Huibin Xu

Conventional rejuvenation heat treatment (RHT) for crept single-crystal (SX) superalloys generally employs full solution treatment above the γ′-solvus, promoting dynamic annihilation of crystal defects such as dislocations and re-establishment of γ/γ′ dual-phase microstructure. However, not all crystal defects introduced during plastic deformation are deleterious; certain dislocations can enhance the phase-interface stability. This work proposes a sub-solvus solution RHT with the maximum solution temperature slightly below γ′ solvus. For specimens subjected to creep interruption at 760 °C, following sub-solvus solution RHT, the rupture life rejuvenates to several times that of the original standard heat treatment (SHT) state. After the sub-solvus solution RHT, the γ′ precipitates become slightly coarser and show a noticeable deviation in size compared with the original SHT state, while most dislocations and stacking faults within γ′ precipitates are eliminated and the γ/γ′ interfaces contain reorganized interfacial dislocation networks that evolve into a equilibrium configuration. These equilibrium dislocation networks effectively drag mobile dislocations and inhibit shearing of stacking faults into γ′ precipitates, substantially decreasing steady-state creep rate by an order of magnitude. This work gives new insight of rejuvenating the repaired beyond the original and provides an approach of tailoring creep-induced crystal defects during rejuvenation.

蠕变单晶（SX）高温合金的常规回火热处理（RHT）通常采用γ′-溶剂以上的全固溶处理，促进位错等晶体缺陷的动态湮灭和γ/γ′双相组织的重建。然而，并非所有在塑性变形过程中引入的晶体缺陷都是有害的；某些位错可以提高相界面的稳定性。本文提出了一种最高溶液温度略低于γ′溶剂的亚溶剂RHT。对于在760°C下经历蠕变中断的试样，在亚溶溶液RHT之后，断裂寿命恢复到原始标准热处理（SHT）状态的几倍。亚溶质溶液RHT后，γ′析出相较初始SHT状态略粗，尺寸有明显偏差，而γ′析出相中大部分位错和层错被消除，γ/γ′界面包含重新组织的界面位错网络，并演化为平衡构型。这些平衡位错网络有效地拖拽了可移动的位错，抑制了层错向γ′相的剪切，使稳态蠕变速率显著降低了一个数量级。这项工作为修复修复提供了新的见解，并提供了一种在修复过程中剪裁蠕变诱导的晶体缺陷的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Processing of Ni-based alloy GH3535 with homogeneous and grain boundary engineered microstructure via powder metallurgy-hot isostatic pressing 粉末冶金-热等静压加工具有均匀晶界工程组织的ni基合金GH3535

IF 7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: A

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2026.149738

Caibo Xie , Yan Jiang , Tao Wu , Litao Chang

Ni-based alloy GH3535 is a key structural material for the molten salt reactors (MSRs), and it is usually processed via traditional cast & wrought routes. In the present study, the feasibility of processing of this alloy via powder metallurgy-hot isostatic pressing (PM-HIPing) has been explored. Pre-alloyed GH3535 powder was produced by gas atomization and consolidated at representative HIPing temperatures. Microstructure and room-temperature tensile properties of the PM-HIPed blocks were characterized using complementary analytical techniques. The results indicated that nearly full dense GH3535 blocks were obtained at all HIPing temperatures. These blocks exhibited uniformly distributed fine carbide particles and equiaxed grains, although size and morphology of the carbide and grain size uniformity varied with HIPing temperature. The sample had ∼60 % of coincidence site lattice (CSL) grain boundaries when it was HIPed at 1140 °C, and the amount of CSL grain boundaries increased to more than 74 % when HIPing was conducted in the range between 1180 °C and 1260 °C. Yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the PM-HIPed samples decreased while the elongation increased with the increase of HIPing temperature. Furthermore, the samples all featured with dimple ductile dominant fracture mode. The present study not only verified the feasibility of the PM-HIPing process for alloy GH3535 but also provide a foundation for its further optimization.

ni基合金GH3535是熔盐堆的关键结构材料，通常采用传统的铸锻工艺加工。本研究探讨了粉末冶金-热等静压（PM-HIPing）法制备该合金的可行性。采用气雾化法制备GH3535预合金粉末，并在具有代表性的高温下进行固结。利用互补分析技术对PM-HIPed块体的微观结构和室温拉伸性能进行了表征。结果表明，在所有HIPing温度下均可获得接近全致密的GH3535块。这些块体表现出均匀分布的细小碳化物颗粒和等轴晶粒，但碳化物的尺寸和形貌以及晶粒尺寸的均匀性随高温温度的变化而变化。在1140℃进行HIPing时，样品的重合点阵（CSL）晶界的比例为~ 60%，在1180 ~ 1260℃范围内进行HIPing时，CSL晶界的比例增加到74%以上。随着HIPing温度的升高，PM-HIPed试样的屈服强度和极限抗拉强度降低，伸长率升高。试样均以韧窝韧性为主断裂模式。本研究不仅验证了GH3535合金PM-HIPing工艺的可行性，也为进一步优化该工艺提供了依据。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of post-manufacturing Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP-ing) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of WAAM 316L stainless steel 制造后热等静压对WAAM 316L不锈钢组织和力学性能的影响

IF 7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: A

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2026.149741

Markus Domogala , Ondrej Muránsky , Joseph Polden , Ulf Garbe , Maxim Avdeev , Nazli Eslamirad , Zhiyang Wang , Tao Wei , Fernando Valiente Dies , Kim Rasmussen , Anna Paradowska

Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) of 316L stainless steel typically results in columnar grains, high dislocation densities, and residual porosity, which limit toughness compared to conventional material. This study evaluates Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) as a post-processing route to refine the microstructure and eliminate defects by investigating four HIP cycles (1000–1200 °C, 100–150 MPa) using EBSD-EDS, neutron diffraction, tomography, and mechanical testing. Increasing HIP temperature and pressure promoted dislocation recovery and recrystallisation while dissolving metastable δ-ferrite; however, processing at 1000 °C induced brittle σ-phase formation, while the 1200 °C/150 MPa cycle (HIP-4) produced a fully recrystallised, chemically homogeneous austenitic structure. HIP-4 reduced porosity by 98.8 % and restored a mechanical response comparable to conventionally processed 316L, characterised by improved ductility and strain-hardening capacity despite a reduction in yield strength. Ultimately, HIP-4 establishes an optimal post-processing window for achieving concurrent densification and microstructural homogenisation, significantly enhancing the mechanical performance and reliability of WAAM 316L components.

316L不锈钢的电弧增材制造（WAAM）通常会导致柱状晶粒、高位错密度和残余孔隙，与传统材料相比，这限制了韧性。本研究通过使用EBSD-EDS、中子衍射、层析成像和力学测试，研究了热等静压（HIP）作为一种后处理方法，以改善微观结构并消除缺陷。温度和压力的升高促进了位错的恢复和再结晶，同时溶解了亚稳δ铁氧体；然而，在1000℃条件下，形成脆性的σ相，而在1200℃/150 MPa循环（HIP-4）下，形成完全再结晶、化学均匀的奥氏体组织。HIP-4降低了98.8%的孔隙率，并恢复了与常规加工316L相当的机械响应，其特点是尽管屈服强度降低，但延展性和应变硬化能力有所提高。最终，HIP-4建立了一个最佳的后处理窗口，以实现同时致密化和微观组织均匀化，显著提高了WAAM 316L部件的力学性能和可靠性。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of grain morphology on the mechanical properties of GH4099 superalloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion 晶粒形貌对激光粉末床熔合GH4099高温合金力学性能的影响

IF 7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: A

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2026.149739

Yuanhong Qian , Liangxian Gu , Rong Chen , Haiou Yang , Zhiyong Li , Zhaowen Cui

This work systematically investigates the evolution of grain morphology and its effect on the mechanical properties of GH4099 nickel-based superalloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) under different heat treatment conditions. By comparing the as-built columnar grains (H1), fully recrystallized equiaxed grains (H2), and their respective precipitation-strengthened states (HA1, HA2), it is revealed that high-temperature homogenization (1160 °C) effectively triggers static recrystallization, significantly improving grain sphericity and structural uniformity, thereby enhancing ductility. Aging treatments promote the precipitation of γ′ phases in large volume fractions, markedly increasing yield strength (HA1: 955 MPa, HA2: 761 MPa), albeit with some reduction in ductility. Cyclic loading–unloading tests demonstrate that highly uniform equiaxed grains with complex grain boundary networks (HA2) substantially improve back-stress uniformity, toughness, and energy dissipation capacity. Through comprehensive microstructural characterization and mechanical analysis, the microstructural control paths for optimizing the strength–ductility balance and service reliability of SLM GH4099 are elucidated, providing theoretical support for process optimization and engineering application of additively manufactured superalloys.

系统研究了不同热处理条件下激光粉末床熔合法制备GH4099镍基高温合金晶粒形貌的演变及其对力学性能的影响。通过对比柱状晶（H1）、完全再结晶的等轴晶（H2）及其各自的析出强化态（HA1、HA2），发现高温均质（1160℃）能有效触发静态再结晶，显著改善晶粒球度和组织均匀性，从而提高延性。时效处理促进了大体积γ′相的析出，显著提高了屈服强度（HA1: 955 MPa, HA2: 761 MPa），但塑性有所降低。循环加载-卸载试验表明，具有复杂晶界网络（HA2）的高度均匀等轴晶粒显著提高了背应力均匀性、韧性和能量耗散能力。通过综合的显微组织表征和力学分析，阐明了优化SLM GH4099强度-塑性平衡和使用可靠性的显微组织控制路径，为增材制造高温合金的工艺优化和工程应用提供了理论支持。

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引用次数: 0

In-situ investigation of the slip activities, deformation twinning, and cracking behavior of a bimodal Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo alloy Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo双峰合金滑移活动、变形孪晶和开裂行为的原位研究

IF 7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: A

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2025.149705

Yafei Wang , Shuangjie Chu , Xing Zhang , Wanting Sun , Qifei Zhang , Qian Liu , Soban Muddassir Dar , Bohao Zhou , Jifeng Sun , Gaofei Liang , Haiyan Zhao , Bo Mao

In this study, the deformation mechanisms and damage evolution behavior in a bimodal Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo (wt.%) alloy were systematically investigated via the combination of advanced in-situ EBSD analysis of tensile testing and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation. The slip trace analysis demonstrates that the early stage of plastic deformation is dominated by the prismatic <a> and basal slip systems, whereas the pyramidal <a> and <c+a> slip systems are gradually activated and become the primary deformation mechanisms at high strain levels. Specifically, the plastic deformation is mainly accommodated by the presence of α phase through the basal and the prismatic slip systems. Besides, the Schmid factors of the basal and prismatic slip systems under the given loading direction are significantly lower than that of the pyramidal slip system, and thereby the pyramidal slip is preferential activated during the plastic deformation. With increasing strain, the lamellar α phase progressively activates the pyramidal <c+a> slip systems to accommodate the imposed strain along the c-axis. TEM observations exhibit the presence of high-density dislocation tangles near twin boundaries, and thus the synergistic interaction between dislocation slip and twining can induce the micro-void nucleation and growth, which is driven by the localized stress concentration. This work elucidates the damage mechanisms dominated by the slip-twinning interactions, which can provide theoretical guidance for strength-ductility optimization in bimodal titanium alloys.

采用先进的原位EBSD拉伸分析和透射电镜（TEM）观察相结合的方法，系统地研究了Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo （wt.%）双峰合金的变形机制和损伤演化行为。滑移迹分析表明，塑性变形早期以棱柱形滑移体系和基底滑移体系为主，而锥体滑移体系和棱柱形滑移体系在高应变水平下逐渐被激活并成为主要的变形机制。具体来说，塑性变形主要是由α相的存在通过基滑移体系和棱柱滑移体系来调节的。此外，在给定加载方向下，基底滑移体系和棱柱滑移体系的施密德系数明显低于锥体滑移体系，因此锥体滑移在塑性变形过程中优先被激活。随着应变的增加，层状α相逐渐激活锥体<；c+a>；滑移体系，以适应沿c轴施加的应变。TEM观察表明，在孪晶边界附近存在高密度的位错缠结，位错滑移与缠结的协同作用可诱导微孔洞形核和生长，这是由局部应力集中驱动的。本研究阐明了滑移孪晶相互作用主导的损伤机制，为双峰钛合金的强度-延性优化提供了理论指导。

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