Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a mental disorder that leads to impairment in various cognitive functions. Telemental health is applied in providing several telemental health and psychiatric services. It can provide health and psychological care, such as counseling, diagnosis, and treatment. Therefore, this study systematically examines the effectiveness of using a telemental health approach to manage obsessive-compulsive disorder. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus using the keywords telepsychiatry, telemental health, telemedicine, telehealth, videoconferencing, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and OCD up to November 2023. In addition to searching the mentioned databases, references to related articles were also examined. In this study, based on the search strategy, we identified 130 articles, 4 duplicate articles were removed, and the title and abstract of 126 articles were reviewed. Considering the selection criteria, 104 articles were excluded and 22 articles were included in the study. In 77.27% of the articles, videoconference telecommunication methods were used for communication. In 8 articles, the participants were children and adolescents. Reviewing these studies indicates mentions concerning the effectiveness of this method in most of them. In general, telemental health interventions increase access to treatment and can be promising for patients with certain conditions. This systematic review contributes to the expanding literature indicating that delivering CBT through telemental health methods, particularly videoconference-based approaches, is a feasible substitute for in-person treatments.
{"title":"Investigating the effectiveness of using a telemental health approach to manage obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review","authors":"Zahra Krabasi, Parisa Eslami, Azam Sabahi, Maryam Zahmatkeshan","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00421-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00421-w","url":null,"abstract":"Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a mental disorder that leads to impairment in various cognitive functions. Telemental health is applied in providing several telemental health and psychiatric services. It can provide health and psychological care, such as counseling, diagnosis, and treatment. Therefore, this study systematically examines the effectiveness of using a telemental health approach to manage obsessive-compulsive disorder. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus using the keywords telepsychiatry, telemental health, telemedicine, telehealth, videoconferencing, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and OCD up to November 2023. In addition to searching the mentioned databases, references to related articles were also examined. In this study, based on the search strategy, we identified 130 articles, 4 duplicate articles were removed, and the title and abstract of 126 articles were reviewed. Considering the selection criteria, 104 articles were excluded and 22 articles were included in the study. In 77.27% of the articles, videoconference telecommunication methods were used for communication. In 8 articles, the participants were children and adolescents. Reviewing these studies indicates mentions concerning the effectiveness of this method in most of them. In general, telemental health interventions increase access to treatment and can be promising for patients with certain conditions. This systematic review contributes to the expanding literature indicating that delivering CBT through telemental health methods, particularly videoconference-based approaches, is a feasible substitute for in-person treatments.","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140624161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.1186/s43045-024-00416-7
Sherif A. Abdel Latif, Haidy Hassan, Omneya Ibrahim, Aya E. Abou El Fotouh, Marwa Orabi Mohamed, Ashraf M. El Tantawy
Over the past 2 decades, sleep researchers have made significant advances in understanding sleep disorders including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). OSA commonly coexists with psychiatric disorders encompassing mental health issues like depression, anxiety, bipolar, schizophrenia an others. This study aims to assess the comorbidity of OSA with depression and anxiety disorders among Egyptian patients. During the study, we conducted a cross-sectional study involving 92 adults diagnosed with OSA. Those patients were interviewed using a checklist to gather information regarding their chief complaints and other associated symptoms. The psychological status was assessed utilizing the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID I), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scoring. The severity of the breathing disorder was classified as mild, moderate, or severe based on the respiratory disturbance index (RDI), which was confirmed through overnight polysomnography. Daytime sleepiness was assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The sample of patients as a whole shows that witnessed apneas represent the highest percentage (70.7%), followed by fatigue (69.6%), then non-refreshing sleep (67.4%), and snores (63.0%). The least frequent presenting symptom is frequent naps. The majority of OSA patients have a comorbid psychiatric disorder (65.0%). Among these, depressive disorders are the most prevalent (31.5%), followed by anxiety disorders (23.9%) and psychoses (6.5%). It is worth noting that 38% of OSA patients do not have any psychiatric disorders. In terms of anxiety disorders, the most common subtype observed is OCD (8.7%), followed by GAD (6.5%), panic (5%), and PTSD (3.3%). As regards depressive disorders, the predominant subtype present is depressive disorder not otherwise specified (11.9%), followed by dysthymic disorder and major depressive disorder (8.7% for each), and then bipolar disorder (depression) at 2.2%. We conclude the following: 1. OSA patients are likely to present with comorbid depression and/or anxiety disorder(s). 2. Fatigue was found to be the most prevalent presenting symptom in OSA patients with comorbid anxiety compared to those without anxiety.
在过去 20 年里，睡眠研究人员在了解包括阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）在内的睡眠障碍方面取得了重大进展。OSA 通常与精神疾病并存，包括抑郁症、焦虑症、躁狂症、精神分裂症等心理健康问题。本研究旨在评估埃及患者中 OSA 与抑郁症和焦虑症的共存情况。研究期间，我们进行了一项横断面研究，涉及 92 名被诊断患有 OSA 的成年人。我们使用检查表对这些患者进行了访谈，以收集有关其主诉和其他相关症状的信息。心理状况通过 DSM-IV 轴一疾病结构化临床访谈（SCID I）、贝克焦虑量表（BAI）和贝克抑郁量表（BDI）评分进行评估。呼吸紊乱的严重程度根据呼吸紊乱指数（RDI）分为轻度、中度和重度，并通过夜间多导睡眠图进行确认。白天嗜睡情况通过埃普沃思嗜睡量表（ESS）进行评估。患者样本整体显示，目击性呼吸暂停所占比例最高（70.7%），其次是疲劳（69.6%），然后是睡眠不清爽（67.4%）和打鼾（63.0%）。最不常见的症状是经常打盹。大多数 OSA 患者合并有精神疾病（65.0%）。其中，抑郁症最常见（31.5%），其次是焦虑症（23.9%）和精神病（6.5%）。值得注意的是，38%的 OSA 患者没有任何精神障碍。就焦虑症而言，最常见的亚型是强迫症（8.7%），其次是严重情感障碍（6.5%）、恐慌症（5%）和创伤后应激障碍（3.3%）。至于抑郁障碍，最主要的亚型是未另作说明的抑郁障碍（11.9%），其次是癔症和重度抑郁障碍（各占 8.7%），然后是躁郁症（抑郁症），占 2.2%。我们得出以下结论：1.OSA 患者很可能合并抑郁症和/或焦虑症。2.与没有焦虑症的患者相比，疲劳是合并焦虑症的 OSA 患者最常见的症状。
{"title":"Comorbidity of depression and anxiety with obstructive sleep apnea in a sample of Egyptian patients","authors":"Sherif A. Abdel Latif, Haidy Hassan, Omneya Ibrahim, Aya E. Abou El Fotouh, Marwa Orabi Mohamed, Ashraf M. El Tantawy","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00416-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00416-7","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past 2 decades, sleep researchers have made significant advances in understanding sleep disorders including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). OSA commonly coexists with psychiatric disorders encompassing mental health issues like depression, anxiety, bipolar, schizophrenia an others. This study aims to assess the comorbidity of OSA with depression and anxiety disorders among Egyptian patients. During the study, we conducted a cross-sectional study involving 92 adults diagnosed with OSA. Those patients were interviewed using a checklist to gather information regarding their chief complaints and other associated symptoms. The psychological status was assessed utilizing the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID I), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scoring. The severity of the breathing disorder was classified as mild, moderate, or severe based on the respiratory disturbance index (RDI), which was confirmed through overnight polysomnography. Daytime sleepiness was assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The sample of patients as a whole shows that witnessed apneas represent the highest percentage (70.7%), followed by fatigue (69.6%), then non-refreshing sleep (67.4%), and snores (63.0%). The least frequent presenting symptom is frequent naps. The majority of OSA patients have a comorbid psychiatric disorder (65.0%). Among these, depressive disorders are the most prevalent (31.5%), followed by anxiety disorders (23.9%) and psychoses (6.5%). It is worth noting that 38% of OSA patients do not have any psychiatric disorders. In terms of anxiety disorders, the most common subtype observed is OCD (8.7%), followed by GAD (6.5%), panic (5%), and PTSD (3.3%). As regards depressive disorders, the predominant subtype present is depressive disorder not otherwise specified (11.9%), followed by dysthymic disorder and major depressive disorder (8.7% for each), and then bipolar disorder (depression) at 2.2%. We conclude the following: 1. OSA patients are likely to present with comorbid depression and/or anxiety disorder(s). 2. Fatigue was found to be the most prevalent presenting symptom in OSA patients with comorbid anxiety compared to those without anxiety.","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140591374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-12DOI: 10.1186/s43045-024-00415-8
Ali Kheradmand, Shiva Aliabbar, Hamid Danaee, Mohammad Hassabi, Mostafa Hamdieh, Amir Hosein Abedi-Yekta
There is an entrenched reverse link between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and earlier deaths. The purpose of our study was to provide a report of CRF elements in a sample of hospitalized patients with schizophrenia and to compare them with a population-based sample. This study was performed on 60 subjects (30 in the schizophrenic and schizoaffective group and 30 in the control group). CRF factors such as body mass index (BMI), and body fat, push-up test, curl-up test, VO2 peak, and sit-and-reach test, were compared across two groups. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) were assessed in the case group. The body fat percentage, abdominal circumference, and BMI are more in schizophrenic patients. Also, flexibility, muscle endurance, and maximum aerobic capacity are significantly lower in schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients comparing healthy subjects (P < .001). Moreover, we found that with the increasing severity of the disease, the CRF of the patients became worse (P <.001). Patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders should be evaluated for cardiorespiratory and other factors of CRF. Exercise prescription treatment can be helpful to improve social functioning and decrease the impact of cardiovascular disease in patients with schizophrenia.
{"title":"Comparing cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and muscular endurance of patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders with a population-based sample","authors":"Ali Kheradmand, Shiva Aliabbar, Hamid Danaee, Mohammad Hassabi, Mostafa Hamdieh, Amir Hosein Abedi-Yekta","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00415-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00415-8","url":null,"abstract":"There is an entrenched reverse link between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and earlier deaths. The purpose of our study was to provide a report of CRF elements in a sample of hospitalized patients with schizophrenia and to compare them with a population-based sample. This study was performed on 60 subjects (30 in the schizophrenic and schizoaffective group and 30 in the control group). CRF factors such as body mass index (BMI), and body fat, push-up test, curl-up test, VO2 peak, and sit-and-reach test, were compared across two groups. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) were assessed in the case group. The body fat percentage, abdominal circumference, and BMI are more in schizophrenic patients. Also, flexibility, muscle endurance, and maximum aerobic capacity are significantly lower in schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients comparing healthy subjects (P < .001). Moreover, we found that with the increasing severity of the disease, the CRF of the patients became worse (P <.001). Patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders should be evaluated for cardiorespiratory and other factors of CRF. Exercise prescription treatment can be helpful to improve social functioning and decrease the impact of cardiovascular disease in patients with schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140591377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-08DOI: 10.1186/s43045-024-00418-5
Alireza Haji Seyed Javadi, Abdul Rasool Mohammadian, Ali Akbar Shafikhani
The usefulness of repetitious transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and its protocols in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of rTMS in treating a sample of patients with MDD who did not respond to conventional treatment. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) scores for the active rTMS group were 19.66 ± 6.70 at baseline, 12.50 ± 6.69 at 2 weeks, and 11.23 ± 6.59 at 4 weeks. The average HDRS scores for the sham rTMS group were 20.03 ± 7.40 at baseline, 19.36 ± 6.86 at 2 weeks, and 18.53 ± 7.10 at 4 weeks (F = 5.98; p < 0.01). The Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale (CGI-S) scores were significantly lower in the second and fourth weeks than the baseline due to the significant interaction between time effects and the groups (F = 9.95, p = 0.002). This condition was also similar to the CGI-Improvement Scale and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (Brief IPQ), and the intervention group showed a significantly lower score than the control group (p < 0.05). This study showed that rTMS using the employed protocol was promising for patients with MDD resistant to first-line drug therapy. Further studies are required to ensure our observation. Trial registration number: IRCT20190612043877N1 Trial registry Record URL: https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/63919
{"title":"Adjunctive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy’s effectiveness in treating a sample of patients with major depressive disorder refractory to first-line drug treatment","authors":"Alireza Haji Seyed Javadi, Abdul Rasool Mohammadian, Ali Akbar Shafikhani","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00418-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00418-5","url":null,"abstract":"The usefulness of repetitious transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and its protocols in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of rTMS in treating a sample of patients with MDD who did not respond to conventional treatment. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) scores for the active rTMS group were 19.66 ± 6.70 at baseline, 12.50 ± 6.69 at 2 weeks, and 11.23 ± 6.59 at 4 weeks. The average HDRS scores for the sham rTMS group were 20.03 ± 7.40 at baseline, 19.36 ± 6.86 at 2 weeks, and 18.53 ± 7.10 at 4 weeks (F = 5.98; p < 0.01). The Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale (CGI-S) scores were significantly lower in the second and fourth weeks than the baseline due to the significant interaction between time effects and the groups (F = 9.95, p = 0.002). This condition was also similar to the CGI-Improvement Scale and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (Brief IPQ), and the intervention group showed a significantly lower score than the control group (p < 0.05). This study showed that rTMS using the employed protocol was promising for patients with MDD resistant to first-line drug therapy. Further studies are required to ensure our observation. Trial registration number: IRCT20190612043877N1 Trial registry Record URL: https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/63919 ","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140591371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-05DOI: 10.1186/s43045-024-00417-6
Nadia Dandan, Fatima Mansour, Tala Diab
The availability of consistent psychological therapy within acute inpatient psychiatric units and the integration of psychologists into multi-disciplinary inpatient teams is a newly evolving development in mental healthcare. To the authors’ knowledge, there has been no examination of the inpatient multi-disciplinary team’s (MDT) perspective on how psychology can be best integrated into the team in Lebanon. This study aims to explore the perceptions of different medical personnel working within an MDT on the role of psychologists in an acute psychiatry inpatient unit in Lebanon. It is qualitative in nature, using a semi-structured interview design. The overarching aim of this study is to assess and identify the gaps in the MDT’s insight into the various responsibilities of psychologists which may result in more efficient collaborative teamwork and hence overall patient care. Four primary themes are identified from the findings of our study. The themes highlighted the value of a multidisciplinary approach to patient care, the vital roles that psychologists play in direct clinical work and supporting other staff members, important factors related to patient-centered psychological care, limitations that exist in the inpatient unit, and suggestions for improvement. This study served as a baseline for more research and development of psychological services in the psychiatric inpatient units of Lebanon, emphasizing the integral role of psychology in patient care.
{"title":"The role of psychology in a multi-disciplinary psychiatric inpatient setting: perspectives from the multidisciplinary team","authors":"Nadia Dandan, Fatima Mansour, Tala Diab","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00417-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00417-6","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of consistent psychological therapy within acute inpatient psychiatric units and the integration of psychologists into multi-disciplinary inpatient teams is a newly evolving development in mental healthcare. To the authors’ knowledge, there has been no examination of the inpatient multi-disciplinary team’s (MDT) perspective on how psychology can be best integrated into the team in Lebanon. This study aims to explore the perceptions of different medical personnel working within an MDT on the role of psychologists in an acute psychiatry inpatient unit in Lebanon. It is qualitative in nature, using a semi-structured interview design. The overarching aim of this study is to assess and identify the gaps in the MDT’s insight into the various responsibilities of psychologists which may result in more efficient collaborative teamwork and hence overall patient care. Four primary themes are identified from the findings of our study. The themes highlighted the value of a multidisciplinary approach to patient care, the vital roles that psychologists play in direct clinical work and supporting other staff members, important factors related to patient-centered psychological care, limitations that exist in the inpatient unit, and suggestions for improvement. This study served as a baseline for more research and development of psychological services in the psychiatric inpatient units of Lebanon, emphasizing the integral role of psychology in patient care.","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140591775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1186/s43045-024-00410-z
Afaf Mohamed Abd-Elsamei, Dina Aly El Gabry, Maha Sabry Mohamed, Mariam Yehia Mohamed, Rehab Serag
There is a substantial body of evidence linking unconjugated bilirubin to schizophrenia. Most of the earlier research has found a statistically significant relationship between the two factors. To study the level of unconjugated bilirubin in individuals with acute schizophrenia and to investigate its correlation with neuropsychological, psychopathological, and psychosocial aspects of the disorder. Eighty schizophrenia patients were included in the sample, they had multiple previous episodes and were in acute episodes at the time of recruitment. Forty healthy individuals were recruited for the control group. The DSM-IV was used to diagnose the subjects, and the Trail Making Test (TMT), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), General Assessment of Function (GAF), and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) were used to evaluate the subjects’ social functioning, symptom severity, and cognitive functioning. A blood sample was drawn to measure serum bilirubin level. We analyzed the relationship and correlation of unconjugated bilirubin with the previous scale scores. Compared to healthy control individuals, who volunteered to participate, schizophrenia patients reported significantly higher levels of both total and indirect bilirubin. One subject (with schizophrenia) had an abnormally elevated total bilirubin level (> 1.2 mg/dL). Neither the direct nor the indirect bilirubin levels (> 0.3 mg/dl or > 1.2 mg/dL) were clinically abnormal in any of the patients. PANSS total score, PANSS N score, and PANSS G score were found to have a statistically significant positive connection with levels of total, direct, and indirect bilirubin. Age, gender, smoking, BMI, Total PANSS, PANSS P, PANSS N, PANSS G, GAF, TMT-A, TMT-B, antipsychotic medication, psychotic disorder duration, and duration of untreated psychosis were not predictive of total or indirect bilirubin levels, according to linear regression analysis. However, Total PANSS, PANSS N, and PANSS G were significantly predictive for direct bilirubin levels. A statistically significant difference in total and unconjugated bilirubin mean serum levels between schizophrenia patients and healthy individuals was found. More studies are recommended to revise the contradictory results in literature on the unconjugated bilirubin and Schizophrenia.
有大量证据表明，未结合胆红素与精神分裂症有关。早期的研究大多发现这两个因素之间存在统计学意义上的显著关系。研究急性精神分裂症患者的未结合胆红素水平，并探讨其与精神分裂症的神经心理、精神病理和社会心理方面的相关性。样本中包括 80 名精神分裂症患者，他们曾多次发病，招募时处于急性发作期。对照组招募了 40 名健康人。研究采用 DSM-IV 诊断标准对受试者进行诊断，并采用 "追踪测试"（TMT）、"正性与负性综合征量表"（PANSS）、"一般功能评估"（GAF）和 "DSM-IV 轴一疾病结构化临床访谈"（SCID-I）对受试者的社会功能、症状严重程度和认知功能进行评估。我们还抽取了血样以测量血清胆红素水平。我们分析了未结合胆红素与之前量表评分的关系和相关性。与自愿参与的健康对照组相比，精神分裂症患者的总胆红素和间接胆红素水平都明显较高。一名受试者（精神分裂症患者）的总胆红素水平异常升高（> 1.2 毫克/分升）。所有患者的直接胆红素和间接胆红素水平（> 0.3 毫克/分升或> 1.2 毫克/分升）均未出现临床异常。研究发现，PANSS 总分、PANSS N 分和 PANSS G 分与总胆红素、直接胆红素和间接胆红素水平呈显著正相关。根据线性回归分析，年龄、性别、吸烟、体重指数、PANSS 总分、PANSS P 分、PANSS N 分、PANSS G 分、GAF、TMT-A、TMT-B、抗精神病药物、精神病性障碍持续时间和未治疗精神病持续时间均不能预测总胆红素或间接胆红素水平。但是，总 PANSS、PANSS N 和 PANSS G 对直接胆红素水平有显著的预测作用。研究发现，精神分裂症患者和健康人的血清总胆红素和非结合胆红素平均水平在统计学上存在明显差异。建议开展更多研究，以修正文献中关于非结合胆红素与精神分裂症的矛盾结果。
{"title":"Unconjugated bilirubin as a state marker in patients with schizophrenia in acute episode: an Egyptian study","authors":"Afaf Mohamed Abd-Elsamei, Dina Aly El Gabry, Maha Sabry Mohamed, Mariam Yehia Mohamed, Rehab Serag","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00410-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00410-z","url":null,"abstract":"There is a substantial body of evidence linking unconjugated bilirubin to schizophrenia. Most of the earlier research has found a statistically significant relationship between the two factors. To study the level of unconjugated bilirubin in individuals with acute schizophrenia and to investigate its correlation with neuropsychological, psychopathological, and psychosocial aspects of the disorder. Eighty schizophrenia patients were included in the sample, they had multiple previous episodes and were in acute episodes at the time of recruitment. Forty healthy individuals were recruited for the control group. The DSM-IV was used to diagnose the subjects, and the Trail Making Test (TMT), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), General Assessment of Function (GAF), and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) were used to evaluate the subjects’ social functioning, symptom severity, and cognitive functioning. A blood sample was drawn to measure serum bilirubin level. We analyzed the relationship and correlation of unconjugated bilirubin with the previous scale scores. Compared to healthy control individuals, who volunteered to participate, schizophrenia patients reported significantly higher levels of both total and indirect bilirubin. One subject (with schizophrenia) had an abnormally elevated total bilirubin level (> 1.2 mg/dL). Neither the direct nor the indirect bilirubin levels (> 0.3 mg/dl or > 1.2 mg/dL) were clinically abnormal in any of the patients. PANSS total score, PANSS N score, and PANSS G score were found to have a statistically significant positive connection with levels of total, direct, and indirect bilirubin. Age, gender, smoking, BMI, Total PANSS, PANSS P, PANSS N, PANSS G, GAF, TMT-A, TMT-B, antipsychotic medication, psychotic disorder duration, and duration of untreated psychosis were not predictive of total or indirect bilirubin levels, according to linear regression analysis. However, Total PANSS, PANSS N, and PANSS G were significantly predictive for direct bilirubin levels. A statistically significant difference in total and unconjugated bilirubin mean serum levels between schizophrenia patients and healthy individuals was found. More studies are recommended to revise the contradictory results in literature on the unconjugated bilirubin and Schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140591808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.1186/s43045-024-00412-x
Safia Ragab El Sebaie, Maha Mahmoud Abd El Aziz, Safaa Mohamed Metwaly Atia
Positive thinking is a mental attitude that focuses on positive thoughts and beliefs in order to improve one’s outlook on life and is linked to a variety of positive psychological and health consequences, as well as decreased anxiety and depression. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an intervention program on positive thinking, resourcefulness skills, and future anxiety among caregivers of children with intellectual disability. A quasi-experimental design was used on 70 caregivers whose children were attending the intellectual education school in Zagazig City. Data were collected through an interview questionnaire sheet composed of sociodemographic datasheet and child characteristics, the Positive Thinking Skills Scale (PTSS), the Resourcefulness Skills Scale (RSS), and the Future Anxiety Scale. The mean score of future anxiety was lower at the post-intervention phase compared to pre-intervention among the participants’ caregivers. Otherwise, the mean scores of positive thinking, social resourcefulness, personal resourcefulness, and total resourcefulness were higher at the post-intervention phase compared to pre-intervention among the participants’ caregivers. Positive thinking improved among 60.76%, resourcefulness skills among 19.49%, and future anxiety decreased among 21.30% of the caregivers after the intervention. The intervention program was efficient in improving the caregivers’ positive thinking and resourcefulness skills and decreasing their future anxiety. A continuous psychosocial training program is recommended to enhance the caregivers’ positive thinking and improve other aspects of psychological adjustment.
{"title":"Positive thinking, resourcefulness skills, and future anxiety among the caregivers of children with intellectual disability: an intervention study","authors":"Safia Ragab El Sebaie, Maha Mahmoud Abd El Aziz, Safaa Mohamed Metwaly Atia","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00412-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00412-x","url":null,"abstract":"Positive thinking is a mental attitude that focuses on positive thoughts and beliefs in order to improve one’s outlook on life and is linked to a variety of positive psychological and health consequences, as well as decreased anxiety and depression. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an intervention program on positive thinking, resourcefulness skills, and future anxiety among caregivers of children with intellectual disability. A quasi-experimental design was used on 70 caregivers whose children were attending the intellectual education school in Zagazig City. Data were collected through an interview questionnaire sheet composed of sociodemographic datasheet and child characteristics, the Positive Thinking Skills Scale (PTSS), the Resourcefulness Skills Scale (RSS), and the Future Anxiety Scale. The mean score of future anxiety was lower at the post-intervention phase compared to pre-intervention among the participants’ caregivers. Otherwise, the mean scores of positive thinking, social resourcefulness, personal resourcefulness, and total resourcefulness were higher at the post-intervention phase compared to pre-intervention among the participants’ caregivers. Positive thinking improved among 60.76%, resourcefulness skills among 19.49%, and future anxiety decreased among 21.30% of the caregivers after the intervention. The intervention program was efficient in improving the caregivers’ positive thinking and resourcefulness skills and decreasing their future anxiety. A continuous psychosocial training program is recommended to enhance the caregivers’ positive thinking and improve other aspects of psychological adjustment.","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140324602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study examines the mediating effect of social support and body appreciation between child abuse and disordered eating symptoms among Lebanese adolescents. This study, involving 403 participants, was cross-sectional and conducted between August and September 2022. Lebanese adolescents from all of Lebanon’s governorates were recruited through the “Snowball Sampling” method. The measuring instruments composing the questionnaire included the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-7) which identifies the presence of risk for eating disorders based on eating-related attitudes, behaviors and feelings; the “Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS)” which measures, from three separate sources, the extent of one’s perception of social support; the “Body Appreciation Scale (BAS)” which assesses the care and respect one has for their own body, along with the acceptance and protection of one’s body from unrealistic beauty ideals; and the “Child Abuse Self-Report Scale (CASRS-12)” which detects lifelong child abuse. Participants’ mean age was 16.63 ± 1.46 years with 57.3% of females. The results highlight the effect of mediation of social support and body appreciation in the association between all types of child abuse and disordered eating symptoms. Additionally, a significant association was indicated between more abuse and lower social support and body appreciation, whereas another was underscored between higher social support and body appreciation and more appropriate eating attitudes. Lastly, all types of child abuse were observed to be notably associated with further inappropriate eating attitudes. The current mediation findings preliminarily indicate that experiences of all forms of child abuse may have possibly triggered perceived lack of social support and low levels of body appreciation, which have in turn resulted in more severe disordered eating symptoms in predisposed adolescents. This cautiously suggests that both social support and body appreciation may be regarded as key targets for community-based prevention and intervention strategies aiming at reducing the risk of developing severe eating disorders in adolescents.
{"title":"The mediating effect of social support and body appreciation between child abuse and disordered eating symptoms among Lebanese adolescents","authors":"Gaelle Kanj, Souheil Hallit, Mariam Dabbous, Diana Malaeb, Sahar Obeid, Feten Fekih-Romdhane","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00414-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00414-9","url":null,"abstract":"The current study examines the mediating effect of social support and body appreciation between child abuse and disordered eating symptoms among Lebanese adolescents. This study, involving 403 participants, was cross-sectional and conducted between August and September 2022. Lebanese adolescents from all of Lebanon’s governorates were recruited through the “Snowball Sampling” method. The measuring instruments composing the questionnaire included the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-7) which identifies the presence of risk for eating disorders based on eating-related attitudes, behaviors and feelings; the “Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS)” which measures, from three separate sources, the extent of one’s perception of social support; the “Body Appreciation Scale (BAS)” which assesses the care and respect one has for their own body, along with the acceptance and protection of one’s body from unrealistic beauty ideals; and the “Child Abuse Self-Report Scale (CASRS-12)” which detects lifelong child abuse. Participants’ mean age was 16.63 ± 1.46 years with 57.3% of females. The results highlight the effect of mediation of social support and body appreciation in the association between all types of child abuse and disordered eating symptoms. Additionally, a significant association was indicated between more abuse and lower social support and body appreciation, whereas another was underscored between higher social support and body appreciation and more appropriate eating attitudes. Lastly, all types of child abuse were observed to be notably associated with further inappropriate eating attitudes. The current mediation findings preliminarily indicate that experiences of all forms of child abuse may have possibly triggered perceived lack of social support and low levels of body appreciation, which have in turn resulted in more severe disordered eating symptoms in predisposed adolescents. This cautiously suggests that both social support and body appreciation may be regarded as key targets for community-based prevention and intervention strategies aiming at reducing the risk of developing severe eating disorders in adolescents.","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140298065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-22DOI: 10.1186/s43045-024-00413-w
Marc Barakat, Wael Shamseddeen, Elissa Hanna, Leyla Akoury Dirani, David Brent, Giovanna Porta, Fadi T. Maalouf
We aim to investigate the association between cognitive profiles of children and adolescents, classified using latent class analysis and emotional, behavioral and sociodemographic factors in a community-based sample of children and adolescents. The sample consists of 161 participants recruited from a nationally representative household sample of 1517 children and adolescents who participated in a national mental health survey. Participants and their parents completed the following scales: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Mood and Feelings Questionnaire, and Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders. Participants were then administered a battery of cognitive tests from the Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Battery as well as the Wechsler Nonverbal Scale of Ability. Latent class analysis showed a 2-class model that was stable and had good entropy (0.837). Class 1 included 58 participants (36.0%), and Class 2 included 103 participants (64.0%). Participants belonging to Class 1 performed better than those in Class 2 on all cognitive tasks. Chances for belonging to a specific Class varied based on different sociodemographic, behavioral and emotional factors: older participants with higher Intellectual Quotient, higher parental educational level, lower reported hyperactivity and better-reported mood were more likely to belong to Class 1. Our results show a tight correlation between different emotional, behavioral and sociodemographic variables on one hand and cognitive functioning in children and adolescents on the other hand. This supports the continuous need for an integrative approach when building norms for cognitive tests that account at the least for all these variables.
{"title":"Neurocognitive profiles in a community sample of children & adolescents: sociodemographic, behavioral and emotional correlates","authors":"Marc Barakat, Wael Shamseddeen, Elissa Hanna, Leyla Akoury Dirani, David Brent, Giovanna Porta, Fadi T. Maalouf","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00413-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00413-w","url":null,"abstract":"We aim to investigate the association between cognitive profiles of children and adolescents, classified using latent class analysis and emotional, behavioral and sociodemographic factors in a community-based sample of children and adolescents. The sample consists of 161 participants recruited from a nationally representative household sample of 1517 children and adolescents who participated in a national mental health survey. Participants and their parents completed the following scales: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Mood and Feelings Questionnaire, and Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders. Participants were then administered a battery of cognitive tests from the Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Battery as well as the Wechsler Nonverbal Scale of Ability. Latent class analysis showed a 2-class model that was stable and had good entropy (0.837). Class 1 included 58 participants (36.0%), and Class 2 included 103 participants (64.0%). Participants belonging to Class 1 performed better than those in Class 2 on all cognitive tasks. Chances for belonging to a specific Class varied based on different sociodemographic, behavioral and emotional factors: older participants with higher Intellectual Quotient, higher parental educational level, lower reported hyperactivity and better-reported mood were more likely to belong to Class 1. Our results show a tight correlation between different emotional, behavioral and sociodemographic variables on one hand and cognitive functioning in children and adolescents on the other hand. This supports the continuous need for an integrative approach when building norms for cognitive tests that account at the least for all these variables.","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140200934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1186/s43045-024-00411-y
Khetam Alhilali, Mariwan Husni, Amer Almarabheh
This study aimed to identify the prevalence of burnout in dental students at the Dentistry School of University of Qadisiya, Iraq. All students at the dentistry school were invited to participate in the study. Medical and dental education is a highly demanding endeavor. Burnout is associated with anxiety, depression, and stress levels. Addressing these psychological factors and manage them early will improve the well-being of students. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted with the participation of 147 dentistry school students. The students completed a sociodemographic data form, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The DASS-21 scale scores for all three components (depression, anxiety, and stress) were high in 74.1%, 90.4%, and 98% of the respondents, respectively. The results also showed that high scores of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment were reported in 50.3%, 67.3%, and 89.8% respectively. MBI revealed a significant association with presence of an established diagnosis of a mental illness or a chronic illness, but not with sociodemographic characteristics. Students had a high stress perception but had relatively lower than depression and anxiety. Almost half of the students reported that they were moderately or severely depressed or anxious. All MBI subscales had statistically significant correlation with scores of mental health or chronic physical illnesses. The respondents reported high percentages of all components of MBI. Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress is much higher in dental students compared to the general population. They also have a very high prevalence of all components of the MBI. Further research is warranted to explore additional factors contributing to burnout and mental health issues among dental students and to develop effective strategies for prevention and intervention.
本研究旨在确定伊拉克卡迪西亚大学牙科学院牙科学生职业倦怠的普遍程度。牙科学院的所有学生都应邀参加了这项研究。医学和牙科教育是一项要求很高的工作。职业倦怠与焦虑、抑郁和压力水平有关。及早解决和管理这些心理因素将改善学生的身心健康。我们对 147 名口腔医学院学生进行了横向问卷调查。学生们填写了一份社会人口学数据表、抑郁焦虑压力量表-21（DASS-21）和马斯拉奇职业倦怠量表（MBI）。在 DASS-21 量表的所有三个组成部分（抑郁、焦虑和压力）中，分别有 74.1%、90.4% 和 98% 的受访者得分较高。结果还显示，分别有 50.3%、67.3% 和 89.8%的受访者在情绪衰竭、人格解体和个人成就感方面得分较高。MBI 与已确诊的精神疾病或慢性疾病有明显关联，但与社会人口特征无关。学生的压力感较高，但抑郁和焦虑程度相对较低。近一半的学生表示他们有中度或重度抑郁或焦虑。所有 MBI 分量表与心理健康或慢性身体疾病的得分都有统计学意义上的显著相关性。受访者报告的 MBI 所有成分的百分比都很高。与普通人群相比，牙科学生的抑郁、焦虑和压力患病率要高得多。他们在 MBI 各项指标中的患病率也非常高。我们有必要开展进一步的研究，探索导致牙科学生职业倦怠和心理健康问题的其他因素，并制定有效的预防和干预策略。
{"title":"Frequency of burnout in dental students and its relationship with stress level, depressive, and anxiety state","authors":"Khetam Alhilali, Mariwan Husni, Amer Almarabheh","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00411-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00411-y","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to identify the prevalence of burnout in dental students at the Dentistry School of University of Qadisiya, Iraq. All students at the dentistry school were invited to participate in the study. Medical and dental education is a highly demanding endeavor. Burnout is associated with anxiety, depression, and stress levels. Addressing these psychological factors and manage them early will improve the well-being of students. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted with the participation of 147 dentistry school students. The students completed a sociodemographic data form, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The DASS-21 scale scores for all three components (depression, anxiety, and stress) were high in 74.1%, 90.4%, and 98% of the respondents, respectively. The results also showed that high scores of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment were reported in 50.3%, 67.3%, and 89.8% respectively. MBI revealed a significant association with presence of an established diagnosis of a mental illness or a chronic illness, but not with sociodemographic characteristics. Students had a high stress perception but had relatively lower than depression and anxiety. Almost half of the students reported that they were moderately or severely depressed or anxious. All MBI subscales had statistically significant correlation with scores of mental health or chronic physical illnesses. The respondents reported high percentages of all components of MBI. Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress is much higher in dental students compared to the general population. They also have a very high prevalence of all components of the MBI. Further research is warranted to explore additional factors contributing to burnout and mental health issues among dental students and to develop effective strategies for prevention and intervention.","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140149169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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