Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1186/s43045-024-00438-1
Aakanksha Kharb, Sunny Garg, Vineet Sharma, Mohini Yadav, Rinki Bagri
Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is a momentously growing issue of all ages, and medical students are not immune from the ever-increasing online gaming vogue. The Indian context is little comprehended, necessitating further research on the magnitude and variables. This study aims to determine the prevalence and risk variables of IGD among female medical students. This cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to May 2023 on 512 female (a calculated sample size) medical undergraduate students enrolled in a tertiary center located in a rural area of North India. A stratified random sampling technique was used to choose the participants. The study included a semi-structured questionnaire containing socio-demographic and personal details and gaming characteristics. It also includes a standardized tool, i.e., the Gaming Disorder and Hazardous Gaming Scale (GDHGS) to assess the outcome. The Binary logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the determinants of the dependent variable. Among the participants, only 236 (46.1%) were identified as gamers. The mean age of the gamers was 21.09 (SD = 1.65) years. Among the gamers, around 31 (13.1%) medical undergraduate students had IGD. The Binary logistic regression analysis identified a few significant determinants of IGD such as dissatisfaction with academic performance (COR = 24.8), playing internet games for more than 2 h per day (COR = 5.9), playing paid games (COR = 2.8), and playing games daily (COR = 4.99). IGD is highly prevalent among professional medical college students, and its propensity is linked with poor academic performance, using paid games, and spending long hours and days on gaming. Thus, administrators should identify at-risk students and help them in seeking therapy.
{"title":"Determinants associated with internet gaming disorder in female medical students: a logistic regression analysis using a random sampling survey","authors":"Aakanksha Kharb, Sunny Garg, Vineet Sharma, Mohini Yadav, Rinki Bagri","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00438-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00438-1","url":null,"abstract":"Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is a momentously growing issue of all ages, and medical students are not immune from the ever-increasing online gaming vogue. The Indian context is little comprehended, necessitating further research on the magnitude and variables. This study aims to determine the prevalence and risk variables of IGD among female medical students. This cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to May 2023 on 512 female (a calculated sample size) medical undergraduate students enrolled in a tertiary center located in a rural area of North India. A stratified random sampling technique was used to choose the participants. The study included a semi-structured questionnaire containing socio-demographic and personal details and gaming characteristics. It also includes a standardized tool, i.e., the Gaming Disorder and Hazardous Gaming Scale (GDHGS) to assess the outcome. The Binary logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the determinants of the dependent variable. Among the participants, only 236 (46.1%) were identified as gamers. The mean age of the gamers was 21.09 (SD = 1.65) years. Among the gamers, around 31 (13.1%) medical undergraduate students had IGD. The Binary logistic regression analysis identified a few significant determinants of IGD such as dissatisfaction with academic performance (COR = 24.8), playing internet games for more than 2 h per day (COR = 5.9), playing paid games (COR = 2.8), and playing games daily (COR = 4.99). IGD is highly prevalent among professional medical college students, and its propensity is linked with poor academic performance, using paid games, and spending long hours and days on gaming. Thus, administrators should identify at-risk students and help them in seeking therapy.","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-28DOI: 10.1186/s43045-024-00437-2
Atheer G. Almutairi, Nuran Mazen Baabbad, Almaha Abdullah Alhumaidan, Aljawharah Mohammed Alshahrani, Alanoud Ibrahim Alabdulkarim, Naif Alsughier
Test anxiety (TA) is described as a set of psychological and behavioral responses that occur when a person is concerned about the possibility of unfavorable results or failing on an exam. Based on multiple studies, medical education is known for its rigorous curricula, continuous high academic demands, frequent assessments, practical instruction, and mentorship, all of which contribute to a stressful atmosphere that results in elevated rates of depression, anxiety during exams, subpar academic achievement, and a higher number of medical student dropouts. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of test anxiety and predisposing factors among students at Unaizah College of Medicine. Our study revealed that 45.4% of responders reported having low anxiety, while 33.2% of them reported having moderate anxiety. A lower but statistically significant percentage (21.5%) expressed high levels of anxiety. Regarding the factors contributing to exam anxiety in medical students such as social support, it was found that the students with poor social support exhibited significant odds of severe test anxiety. Remarkably, there was a decreased likelihood of experiencing severe anxiety when studying all the night before the exam. Research results have the potential to impact institutional policies concerning medical students’ well-being. Colleges can create supportive environments that address the factors causing test anxiety and promote mental health and academic success.
{"title":"Prevalence and factors causing test anxiety among medical students","authors":"Atheer G. Almutairi, Nuran Mazen Baabbad, Almaha Abdullah Alhumaidan, Aljawharah Mohammed Alshahrani, Alanoud Ibrahim Alabdulkarim, Naif Alsughier","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00437-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00437-2","url":null,"abstract":"Test anxiety (TA) is described as a set of psychological and behavioral responses that occur when a person is concerned about the possibility of unfavorable results or failing on an exam. Based on multiple studies, medical education is known for its rigorous curricula, continuous high academic demands, frequent assessments, practical instruction, and mentorship, all of which contribute to a stressful atmosphere that results in elevated rates of depression, anxiety during exams, subpar academic achievement, and a higher number of medical student dropouts. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of test anxiety and predisposing factors among students at Unaizah College of Medicine. Our study revealed that 45.4% of responders reported having low anxiety, while 33.2% of them reported having moderate anxiety. A lower but statistically significant percentage (21.5%) expressed high levels of anxiety. Regarding the factors contributing to exam anxiety in medical students such as social support, it was found that the students with poor social support exhibited significant odds of severe test anxiety. Remarkably, there was a decreased likelihood of experiencing severe anxiety when studying all the night before the exam. Research results have the potential to impact institutional policies concerning medical students’ well-being. Colleges can create supportive environments that address the factors causing test anxiety and promote mental health and academic success.","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-24DOI: 10.1186/s43045-024-00435-4
Haneen Alshehri, Razan Alturkestani, Bushra Hijan, Shahad Almalki, Rajwa Alobaidi, Salma Almufti, Abrar O. Baduwailan, Nadeem Shafique Butt, Waleed A. Alghamdi, Faten Al Zaben, Harold G. Koenig, Haythum O. Tayeb, Haifa K. Abdulghaffar
Existential anxiety (EA) is an expression of loneliness. Although depression, anxiety, and stress have been extensively studied worldwide, research on EA in the sociocultural context of the Arab–Muslim society is scarce. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of EA among undergraduate students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, by examining the association between EA and depression, anxiety, and stress. This cross-sectional study of 811 undergraduate students at three large Saudi universities was conducted between June and July 2018. Data collection involved demographic information, EA testing (using a validated questionnaire modified for the Saudi Arabian context), and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale to test for depression, anxiety, and stress. The average age of the participants was 21 years, and 77.2% were female. The prevalence of EA was 71.1% in all students and was significantly correlated with depression (rp = 0.73, p < 0.001), general anxiety (rp = 0.47, p < 0.001), and stress (rp = 0.54, p < 0.001). There was a high prevalence of EA among university students in Saudi Arabia, and EA was strongly correlated with depression, anxiety, and stress. This study emphasizes the importance of additional research on the underlying causes of EA among university students.
存在性焦虑（EA）是孤独感的一种表现形式。尽管抑郁、焦虑和压力已在全球范围内得到广泛研究，但有关阿拉伯穆斯林社会文化背景下的 EA 的研究却很少。本研究旨在通过考察 EA 与抑郁、焦虑和压力之间的关联，确定 EA 在沙特阿拉伯吉达市本科生中的流行程度。这项横断面研究于 2018 年 6 月至 7 月间在沙特三所大型大学的 811 名本科生中进行。数据收集包括人口统计学信息、EA 测试（使用根据沙特阿拉伯国情修改的有效问卷）以及抑郁、焦虑和压力量表，以测试抑郁、焦虑和压力。参与者的平均年龄为 21 岁，77.2% 为女性。所有学生的 EA 患病率为 71.1%，与抑郁（rp = 0.73，p < 0.001）、一般焦虑（rp = 0.47，p < 0.001）和压力（rp = 0.54，p < 0.001）显著相关。沙特阿拉伯大学生的 EA 患病率很高，EA 与抑郁、焦虑和压力密切相关。本研究强调了进一步研究大学生 EA 潜在原因的重要性。
{"title":"The prevalence of existential anxiety and its association with depression, general anxiety, and stress in Saudi university students","authors":"Haneen Alshehri, Razan Alturkestani, Bushra Hijan, Shahad Almalki, Rajwa Alobaidi, Salma Almufti, Abrar O. Baduwailan, Nadeem Shafique Butt, Waleed A. Alghamdi, Faten Al Zaben, Harold G. Koenig, Haythum O. Tayeb, Haifa K. Abdulghaffar","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00435-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00435-4","url":null,"abstract":"Existential anxiety (EA) is an expression of loneliness. Although depression, anxiety, and stress have been extensively studied worldwide, research on EA in the sociocultural context of the Arab–Muslim society is scarce. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of EA among undergraduate students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, by examining the association between EA and depression, anxiety, and stress. This cross-sectional study of 811 undergraduate students at three large Saudi universities was conducted between June and July 2018. Data collection involved demographic information, EA testing (using a validated questionnaire modified for the Saudi Arabian context), and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale to test for depression, anxiety, and stress. The average age of the participants was 21 years, and 77.2% were female. The prevalence of EA was 71.1% in all students and was significantly correlated with depression (rp = 0.73, p < 0.001), general anxiety (rp = 0.47, p < 0.001), and stress (rp = 0.54, p < 0.001). There was a high prevalence of EA among university students in Saudi Arabia, and EA was strongly correlated with depression, anxiety, and stress. This study emphasizes the importance of additional research on the underlying causes of EA among university students.","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-21DOI: 10.1186/s43045-024-00436-3
Haytham Mohamad Hasan, Enas Shafaey Rizk, Abd El Nasser Mahmoud Omar, Mona Ibrahim Awaad, Reem El Sayed Hashem, Mohamed Yousef Mohamed
Depression is a prevalent psychiatric disorder that can arise at any age and is often present as a co-occurring illness in different illnesses. There is a high comorbidity rate between major depressive disorder and personality disorders (PDs). The current study aimed to investigate the significant impact of personality disorders on depression severity, functional impairment, and suicidal tendencies in individuals with depression. The researchers conducted a cross-sectional observational study involving 120 patients, with an age range from 18 to 56 years of both genders, recruited from Okasha’s Institute of Psychiatry in Cairo, Egypt. Their major depressive disorder diagnosis was verified through the use of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I). Participants underwent evaluations using the SCID-II to evaluate personality disorders, the Hamilton Depression-Rating Scale (HAM-D) to assess the severity of depression, the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) to investigate suicidal ideation, and the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF) to determine functional level. Borderline personality disorder and narcissistic personality disorder were the predominant personality disorders in the sample, with prevalence rates of 55.8% and 40.8%, respectively. Sixty-six percent of the participants reported experiencing suicidal thoughts at some point in their lifetime, whereas only 17.5% had actually attempted suicide. Borderline personality disorder showed a strong correlation with more severe depression (P value 0.043), a decline in functioning (P value 0.001), the existence of suicidal thoughts (P value 0.001), and a past of suicide attempts (P value 0.038). Personality disorders are highly prevalent in patients with depression, borderline PD, and narcissistic PD were the most common PDs. Borderline PD showed a significant effect on depression severity. PDs, mainly borderline, avoidant, depressive, and narcissistic PDs contribute to more impairment of functioning of the MDD patients. There is a significant effect of the presence of co-morbid personality disorder on suicidal thoughts and suicidal attempts, mainly depressive and borderline PDs.
{"title":"Personality disorders among a sample of Egyptian patients with major depressive disorder and their association with suicide","authors":"Haytham Mohamad Hasan, Enas Shafaey Rizk, Abd El Nasser Mahmoud Omar, Mona Ibrahim Awaad, Reem El Sayed Hashem, Mohamed Yousef Mohamed","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00436-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00436-3","url":null,"abstract":"Depression is a prevalent psychiatric disorder that can arise at any age and is often present as a co-occurring illness in different illnesses. There is a high comorbidity rate between major depressive disorder and personality disorders (PDs). The current study aimed to investigate the significant impact of personality disorders on depression severity, functional impairment, and suicidal tendencies in individuals with depression. The researchers conducted a cross-sectional observational study involving 120 patients, with an age range from 18 to 56 years of both genders, recruited from Okasha’s Institute of Psychiatry in Cairo, Egypt. Their major depressive disorder diagnosis was verified through the use of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I). Participants underwent evaluations using the SCID-II to evaluate personality disorders, the Hamilton Depression-Rating Scale (HAM-D) to assess the severity of depression, the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) to investigate suicidal ideation, and the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF) to determine functional level. Borderline personality disorder and narcissistic personality disorder were the predominant personality disorders in the sample, with prevalence rates of 55.8% and 40.8%, respectively. Sixty-six percent of the participants reported experiencing suicidal thoughts at some point in their lifetime, whereas only 17.5% had actually attempted suicide. Borderline personality disorder showed a strong correlation with more severe depression (P value 0.043), a decline in functioning (P value 0.001), the existence of suicidal thoughts (P value 0.001), and a past of suicide attempts (P value 0.038). Personality disorders are highly prevalent in patients with depression, borderline PD, and narcissistic PD were the most common PDs. Borderline PD showed a significant effect on depression severity. PDs, mainly borderline, avoidant, depressive, and narcissistic PDs contribute to more impairment of functioning of the MDD patients. There is a significant effect of the presence of co-morbid personality disorder on suicidal thoughts and suicidal attempts, mainly depressive and borderline PDs.","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is considered to be one of the most common neurodevelopmental conditions found in children. The global prevalence in the age group 6–17 years falls between 2 and 18%. Studies have found that mothers of ADHD children are more prone to experience depression, anxiety, social isolation, stress, and self-blame. To assess the prevalence of depression and its severity among mothers with children found to have ADHD compared to mothers of the control group, we also investigate the coping mechanisms employed by mothers with ADHD children and identify any potential correlation between coping strategies utilized by mothers in the case group and the severity of depression. In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 100 participants from the outpatient child psychiatry clinic at Ma’amoura Psychiatric Hospital in Alexandria, Egypt. Two participant groups were assembled: Group I (case) consisted of 50 mothers whose children had ADHD, and Group II (control) consisted of 50 mothers whose children did not have ADHD. Both groups underwent the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE) inventory. A significant relationship was observed between the Beck Score and hyperactive and combined ADHD types; however, no significant correlation was found between the Beck Score and the inattentive ADHD type. Regarding the coping styles with stress, the current study’s results found that in (case group) turning to religion had the highest sub-scale mean, followed by seeking social support and emotional support, while the lowest sub-scale score mean was humor, followed by denial. By employing univariate logistic regression analysis to identify depression predictors in group I, the results showed that the increase in the score of less useful coping by 1 was a probable factor to increase the possibility of depression by OR = 1.438 (1.186–1.743). Combined and hyperactive ADHD types were found to increase the risk of depression by OR 6.706 (1.309–34.353). Depressive complaints were more prevalent among mothers of children with ADHD compared to the control group. We found a statistically important relationship between Beck Depression Scores (depressive symptom severity) in mothers with ADHD children and having hyperactive or combined ADHD types in their children. We also found a statistically significant positive correlation between the severity of depression and some coping styles as turning to religion and seeking social support.
{"title":"Depressive symptoms and coping patterns in a sample of Egyptian mothers of ADHD children","authors":"Rehab Serag, Marwa Abdel Meguid Hamed, Dalia Abdel Moneim Mahmoud, Esraa Fakhry Mahmoud Elabd, Rania Elsayed Kasem","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00430-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00430-9","url":null,"abstract":"Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is considered to be one of the most common neurodevelopmental conditions found in children. The global prevalence in the age group 6–17 years falls between 2 and 18%. Studies have found that mothers of ADHD children are more prone to experience depression, anxiety, social isolation, stress, and self-blame. To assess the prevalence of depression and its severity among mothers with children found to have ADHD compared to mothers of the control group, we also investigate the coping mechanisms employed by mothers with ADHD children and identify any potential correlation between coping strategies utilized by mothers in the case group and the severity of depression. In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 100 participants from the outpatient child psychiatry clinic at Ma’amoura Psychiatric Hospital in Alexandria, Egypt. Two participant groups were assembled: Group I (case) consisted of 50 mothers whose children had ADHD, and Group II (control) consisted of 50 mothers whose children did not have ADHD. Both groups underwent the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE) inventory. A significant relationship was observed between the Beck Score and hyperactive and combined ADHD types; however, no significant correlation was found between the Beck Score and the inattentive ADHD type. Regarding the coping styles with stress, the current study’s results found that in (case group) turning to religion had the highest sub-scale mean, followed by seeking social support and emotional support, while the lowest sub-scale score mean was humor, followed by denial. By employing univariate logistic regression analysis to identify depression predictors in group I, the results showed that the increase in the score of less useful coping by 1 was a probable factor to increase the possibility of depression by OR = 1.438 (1.186–1.743). Combined and hyperactive ADHD types were found to increase the risk of depression by OR 6.706 (1.309–34.353). Depressive complaints were more prevalent among mothers of children with ADHD compared to the control group. We found a statistically important relationship between Beck Depression Scores (depressive symptom severity) in mothers with ADHD children and having hyperactive or combined ADHD types in their children. We also found a statistically significant positive correlation between the severity of depression and some coping styles as turning to religion and seeking social support.","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141253447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suicidal ideation in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) presents a critical challenge in mental health, with conventional antidepressants often having delayed onset. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the efficacy of ketamine in rapidly reducing acute suicidal ideation in this patient group. A comprehensive literature search up to June 2023 across PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase yielded 12 studies, including 7 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The evaluation of the impact of ketamine on Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale-Suicidal Ideation (MADRS-SI) scores was conducted using the standardized mean difference (SMD) through the Cohen’s d method for analysis. The assessment of risk of bias was executed utilizing the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool (RoB2). Subgroup assessments considered study period, geographic location, and follow-up duration. Ketamine administration showed a significant reduction in MADRS SI scores (mean difference, -1.16; 95% CI, -1.89, -0.23). Subgroup analysis revealed varying efficacy based on the study period, geographical location, and follow-up length. Intravenous ketamine demonstrated the most substantial reduction in suicidal thoughts. High heterogeneity among studies was observed. Ketamine offers a rapid and significant reduction in acute suicidal ideation in patients with MDD. It holds promise as an intervention during high-risk periods where conventional treatments are limited by slower onset. However, variability in study results and concerns over long-term safety necessitate further research to optimize treatment protocols and understand the implications of different administration routes. These findings have important implications for developing clinical guidelines in managing acute suicidal ideation in MDD.
{"title":"Ketamine’s efficacy in alleviating acute suicidal thoughts: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Seyedeh Asrin Seyedoshohadaei, Ramyar Rahimi Darehbagh, Farshid Gholami, Elham Nouri, Media Babahajiani, Parisa Kohnepoushi, Yousef Moradi, Leila AzizKhani","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00428-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00428-3","url":null,"abstract":"Suicidal ideation in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) presents a critical challenge in mental health, with conventional antidepressants often having delayed onset. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the efficacy of ketamine in rapidly reducing acute suicidal ideation in this patient group. A comprehensive literature search up to June 2023 across PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase yielded 12 studies, including 7 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The evaluation of the impact of ketamine on Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale-Suicidal Ideation (MADRS-SI) scores was conducted using the standardized mean difference (SMD) through the Cohen’s d method for analysis. The assessment of risk of bias was executed utilizing the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool (RoB2). Subgroup assessments considered study period, geographic location, and follow-up duration. Ketamine administration showed a significant reduction in MADRS SI scores (mean difference, -1.16; 95% CI, -1.89, -0.23). Subgroup analysis revealed varying efficacy based on the study period, geographical location, and follow-up length. Intravenous ketamine demonstrated the most substantial reduction in suicidal thoughts. High heterogeneity among studies was observed. Ketamine offers a rapid and significant reduction in acute suicidal ideation in patients with MDD. It holds promise as an intervention during high-risk periods where conventional treatments are limited by slower onset. However, variability in study results and concerns over long-term safety necessitate further research to optimize treatment protocols and understand the implications of different administration routes. These findings have important implications for developing clinical guidelines in managing acute suicidal ideation in MDD.","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141169081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.1186/s43045-024-00424-7
Christian-Joseph El Zouki, Abdallah Chahine, Nathalie El Tawil, Karolina Jaalouk, Souheil Hallit, Sahar Obeid
This study aims to investigate the moderating influence of social support and religiosity in the association between child abuse and entrapment during adulthood. This cross-sectional study recruited 352 Lebanese adults between November 2022 and January 2023. The survey included several sociodemographic items and validated instruments like the Child Abuse Self Report Scale, the Entrapment Scale Short Form, the Centrality of Religiosity Scale, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. The moderation analysis indicates that there is a positive relationship between physical abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect with entrapment, and the intensity of this correlation may vary depending on various levels of social support and religiosity. Religiosity and social support may help mitigate the intensity of entrapment experienced, making it less severe when support or religiosity is high but not enough to lead to a negative relationship between child abuse and entrapment. This study is crucial as it recognizes the long-lasting impact of child abuse and its potential relationship with feelings of entrapment in adulthood, especially that it stresses long-term follow-up and support for survivors with regular assessments of coping strategies to help individuals navigate challenges and promote continued healing.
{"title":"Relationship between a history of child abuse and feelings of entrapment in Lebanese adults: the co-moderating effect of social support and religiosity","authors":"Christian-Joseph El Zouki, Abdallah Chahine, Nathalie El Tawil, Karolina Jaalouk, Souheil Hallit, Sahar Obeid","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00424-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00424-7","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to investigate the moderating influence of social support and religiosity in the association between child abuse and entrapment during adulthood. This cross-sectional study recruited 352 Lebanese adults between November 2022 and January 2023. The survey included several sociodemographic items and validated instruments like the Child Abuse Self Report Scale, the Entrapment Scale Short Form, the Centrality of Religiosity Scale, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. The moderation analysis indicates that there is a positive relationship between physical abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect with entrapment, and the intensity of this correlation may vary depending on various levels of social support and religiosity. Religiosity and social support may help mitigate the intensity of entrapment experienced, making it less severe when support or religiosity is high but not enough to lead to a negative relationship between child abuse and entrapment. This study is crucial as it recognizes the long-lasting impact of child abuse and its potential relationship with feelings of entrapment in adulthood, especially that it stresses long-term follow-up and support for survivors with regular assessments of coping strategies to help individuals navigate challenges and promote continued healing.","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140938742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-06DOI: 10.1186/s43045-024-00423-8
Doaa El Basiouny, Hana I. Habib, Sally Moore, Mohamed A. Khalil
Body image appreciation is an important psychological aspect for all individuals of all ages which affects their psychological, personal, and social well-being. Examining the relationship between disordered eating tendencies, body appreciation, body mass index (BMI), and emotional distress among individuals who follow and seek psychological services from the non-profit entitative Egyptian eating disorders initiative EEDI and an online therapy platform. A cross-sectional study including 301 healthy participants with no past medical or psychiatric history was conducted. Participants completed an online survey including demographic data, BMI, and three measures: The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), the Body Appreciation Scale (BAS), and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaires. Participants with disordered eating tendencies — according to EAT-26 — had lower BAS scores (p < 0.001) and higher DASS depression, anxiety, and stress scores (p < 0.001). EAT-26 was negatively correlated with age (p = 0.003) and BAS (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, it was positively correlated with the three DASS scales (p < 0.001). BAS was negatively correlated with body mass index and the three DASS scales (p < 0.001). Body appreciation decreases with increased disordered eating tendencies and BMI. Depression, anxiety, and stress are associated with a decrease in body appreciation.
{"title":"Relation between body appreciation, eating disorder risk, emotional distress, and BMI among a group of Egyptian subjects","authors":"Doaa El Basiouny, Hana I. Habib, Sally Moore, Mohamed A. Khalil","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00423-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00423-8","url":null,"abstract":"Body image appreciation is an important psychological aspect for all individuals of all ages which affects their psychological, personal, and social well-being. Examining the relationship between disordered eating tendencies, body appreciation, body mass index (BMI), and emotional distress among individuals who follow and seek psychological services from the non-profit entitative Egyptian eating disorders initiative EEDI and an online therapy platform. A cross-sectional study including 301 healthy participants with no past medical or psychiatric history was conducted. Participants completed an online survey including demographic data, BMI, and three measures: The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), the Body Appreciation Scale (BAS), and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaires. Participants with disordered eating tendencies — according to EAT-26 — had lower BAS scores (p < 0.001) and higher DASS depression, anxiety, and stress scores (p < 0.001). EAT-26 was negatively correlated with age (p = 0.003) and BAS (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, it was positively correlated with the three DASS scales (p < 0.001). BAS was negatively correlated with body mass index and the three DASS scales (p < 0.001). Body appreciation decreases with increased disordered eating tendencies and BMI. Depression, anxiety, and stress are associated with a decrease in body appreciation.","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140883745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-03DOI: 10.1186/s43045-024-00422-9
Razan Numan Alkhatib, Samir Jabra Dukmak, Faris El-Dahiyat, Amjed Ahmed Abojedi
In this research, the first Arabic quality of life (A-QoLA) measure for the mothers and fathers of children with autism is translated and validated. While there have been several translations of the QoLA scale, to the best of our knowledge, there are no Arabic version of this scale. To translate and validate the QoLA, 407 family members (mostly parents) participated in this research. Item total correlation and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used for the scale validation process. The results show that like QoLA, all the items in Part A of the A-QoLA were positively correlated with the total score except items 2, 4, 17, and 22 (which were deleted). In addition, the Part B outcome of the item total correlation showed that all the items had a positive correlation with the overall score. The CFA results show high internal validity and consistency confirmed the two-domain structure for QoLA after it was translated into Arabic. Our results have very important implications as autism is quite common in the Arab world, and the scale can be used across several Arabic-speaking countries to understand the impact of autism on families.
{"title":"Developing the first Arabic quality of life for parents of children with autism (QoLA) scale: translation, cultural adaptation and psychometric validation","authors":"Razan Numan Alkhatib, Samir Jabra Dukmak, Faris El-Dahiyat, Amjed Ahmed Abojedi","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00422-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00422-9","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, the first Arabic quality of life (A-QoLA) measure for the mothers and fathers of children with autism is translated and validated. While there have been several translations of the QoLA scale, to the best of our knowledge, there are no Arabic version of this scale. To translate and validate the QoLA, 407 family members (mostly parents) participated in this research. Item total correlation and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used for the scale validation process. The results show that like QoLA, all the items in Part A of the A-QoLA were positively correlated with the total score except items 2, 4, 17, and 22 (which were deleted). In addition, the Part B outcome of the item total correlation showed that all the items had a positive correlation with the overall score. The CFA results show high internal validity and consistency confirmed the two-domain structure for QoLA after it was translated into Arabic. Our results have very important implications as autism is quite common in the Arab world, and the scale can be used across several Arabic-speaking countries to understand the impact of autism on families.","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140834871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) are defined as drugs whose adverse effects outweigh the benefits or when more efficacious alternatives are present. This study aims to assess the overall prevalence of PIMs according to Beers 2019 and 2023 among older adult patients with serious mental illnesses (such as schizophrenia), and factors associated with PIMs while examining the difference between the two versions. This cross-sectional study included chronic patients aged 65 years and above, hospitalized at the Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross (Lebanon), and taking at least one medication daily. Sociodemographic characteristics, medications, and clinical information were obtained from patients’ medical records. SPSS version 26 was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to describe independent variables, while bivariate analysis was used to assess associations between PIM use and different factors. A two-tailed p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Ninety-seven patients were included with a mean age of 71.21 (± 4.63) years. 52.6% were female. 44.3% were on polypharmacy (5–9 medications). 97.9% had at least one PIM according to both versions with the majority being anticholinergics (84.5%). Polypharmacy was significantly correlated to PIM use. Hospital stay length and the presence of comorbid neurological disorders were negatively associated with PIM use. PIMs were extremely prevalent among hospitalized psychiatric older adult patients. Raising awareness among physicians on the Beers criteria or making them mandatory could help diminish PIM use among this vulnerable population.
{"title":"Assessment of potentially inappropriate medications among long-stay older adult patients with serious mental illnesses: findings from a low-resource setting","authors":"Ghinwa Abilmona, Feten Fekih-Romdhane, Souheil Hallit","doi":"10.1186/s43045-024-00419-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-024-00419-4","url":null,"abstract":"Potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) are defined as drugs whose adverse effects outweigh the benefits or when more efficacious alternatives are present. This study aims to assess the overall prevalence of PIMs according to Beers 2019 and 2023 among older adult patients with serious mental illnesses (such as schizophrenia), and factors associated with PIMs while examining the difference between the two versions. This cross-sectional study included chronic patients aged 65 years and above, hospitalized at the Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross (Lebanon), and taking at least one medication daily. Sociodemographic characteristics, medications, and clinical information were obtained from patients’ medical records. SPSS version 26 was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to describe independent variables, while bivariate analysis was used to assess associations between PIM use and different factors. A two-tailed p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Ninety-seven patients were included with a mean age of 71.21 (± 4.63) years. 52.6% were female. 44.3% were on polypharmacy (5–9 medications). 97.9% had at least one PIM according to both versions with the majority being anticholinergics (84.5%). Polypharmacy was significantly correlated to PIM use. Hospital stay length and the presence of comorbid neurological disorders were negatively associated with PIM use. PIMs were extremely prevalent among hospitalized psychiatric older adult patients. Raising awareness among physicians on the Beers criteria or making them mandatory could help diminish PIM use among this vulnerable population.","PeriodicalId":38653,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140835145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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