This article explores female occupational identity construction by looking at the issue of media representations of women’s police work in the United Kingdom. The example, television representation, discussed here, is the character of Sergeant Catherine Cawood in Happy Valley, a UK police drama written by a UK-based playwright, Sally Wainwright. As the lead character in Happy Valley, Sergeant Catherine Cawood’s on-screen portrayal will be the focus of the discussion in this article. Building on findings from previous research undertaken by the author, which explored how gendered identities of women police professionals are represented in the media, this article argues that television representations of UK female police work portray a particular form of professional femininity, one which I argue is still highly ‘gendered’, mainly because such representation of women’s police work relies on narratives centred on the effective and competent use of ‘emotional labour’.
{"title":"Television representations and professional femininities: The case of the UK police","authors":"S. Halliday","doi":"10.1386/nl_00032_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/nl_00032_1","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores female occupational identity construction by looking at the issue of media representations of women’s police work in the United Kingdom. The example, television representation, discussed here, is the character of Sergeant Catherine Cawood in Happy Valley,\u0000 a UK police drama written by a UK-based playwright, Sally Wainwright. As the lead character in Happy Valley, Sergeant Catherine Cawood’s on-screen portrayal will be the focus of the discussion in this article. Building on findings from previous research undertaken by the author,\u0000 which explored how gendered identities of women police professionals are represented in the media, this article argues that television representations of UK female police work portray a particular form of professional femininity, one which I argue is still highly ‘gendered’, mainly\u0000 because such representation of women’s police work relies on narratives centred on the effective and competent use of ‘emotional labour’.","PeriodicalId":38658,"journal":{"name":"Northern Lights","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73989977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The editorial summarizes current debates on post-feminism and also on women and girls in the media. After that, the editorial outlines articles in the issue and connects them to outlined debates on post-feminism and women and girls in the media.
{"title":"Editorial: Post-feminism in contemporary television","authors":"M. Topić, M. J. Cunha","doi":"10.1386/nl_00027_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/nl_00027_2","url":null,"abstract":"The editorial summarizes current debates on post-feminism and also on women and girls in the media. After that, the editorial outlines articles in the issue and connects them to outlined debates on post-feminism and women and girls in the media.","PeriodicalId":38658,"journal":{"name":"Northern Lights","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73402682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joseph Campbell’s The Hero with a Thousand Faces is a classic for the analysis of the archetypal hero’s journey, and contemporary TV series use his monomyth to elaborate character profiles. Such is the case of the corpus of our work: Game of Thrones, the TV adaptation of George R. R. Martin’s saga A Song of Ice and Fire. Amid the multiple relevant figures in Game of Thrones, this article takes Arya Stark as the object of study to discuss questions of representation and gender in contemporary TV. Our method comprises the close reading of Arya’s narrative arc and our main unit of analysis is the gender variable, placed in an intersectional frame. We argue that Arya fits the nuclear structure of the monomyth, but also that she challenges its constrictions, pushes its limits and rewrites some of its elements to create a post-gender version of the Campbellian adventure. Through a succession of extremely intense experiences, Arya is the character that most painstakingly earns and most adamantly vindicates her self-constructed identity in Game of Thrones. Hers, we contend, is a feminist journey that has broken moulds in audio-visual narrative and left a deep trace in the history of contemporary television.
{"title":"‘A girl is Arya Stark from Winterfell’: The monomyth as a feminist journey in Game of Thrones","authors":"Marta Fernández-Morales, M. Menéndez-Menéndez","doi":"10.1386/nl_00028_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/nl_00028_1","url":null,"abstract":"Joseph Campbell’s The Hero with a Thousand Faces is a classic for the analysis of the archetypal hero’s journey, and contemporary TV series use his monomyth to elaborate character profiles. Such is the case of the corpus of our work: Game of Thrones,\u0000 the TV adaptation of George R. R. Martin’s saga A Song of Ice and Fire. Amid the multiple relevant figures in Game of Thrones, this article takes Arya Stark as the object of study to discuss questions of representation and gender in contemporary TV. Our method comprises the close\u0000 reading of Arya’s narrative arc and our main unit of analysis is the gender variable, placed in an intersectional frame. We argue that Arya fits the nuclear structure of the monomyth, but also that she challenges its constrictions, pushes its limits and rewrites some of its elements\u0000 to create a post-gender version of the Campbellian adventure. Through a succession of extremely intense experiences, Arya is the character that most painstakingly earns and most adamantly vindicates her self-constructed identity in Game of Thrones. Hers, we contend, is a feminist journey\u0000 that has broken moulds in audio-visual narrative and left a deep trace in the history of contemporary television.","PeriodicalId":38658,"journal":{"name":"Northern Lights","volume":"172 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77937198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The focus of this article is the science fiction series Westworld (2016, 2018, 2020), inspired by the film of the same name from 1973 (Crichton). In the modern version of Westworld, the dominant characters are Dolores and Maeve, female androids, and the narrative is centred on their awakening and emancipation. The feminist turn may positively indicate the transformations that occurred in the society of the spectacle. Back in 1973, gender-based stereotyping of women was still a firm division point between acceptable female roles of a good and obedient daughter, a faithful wife or a self-sacrificing mother and unacceptable roles of sexually promiscuous rebels and prostitutes. However, Dolores is both a good daughter and a rebel/killer, and Maeve is a prostitute and a self-sacrificing mother. These roles are not evaluated, which suggests that the series overcome the traditional gender dualisms. Unlike female androids, such a change is not visible in the characterization of other female or male human characters. Analysis of the Westworld series is presented through radical feminist lenses and questions whether Westworld’s feminism is really for everybody.
{"title":"Westworld and overcoming of traditional gender dualisms: Is feminism really for everybody or just for female androids?","authors":"Mirela Holy","doi":"10.1386/nl_00033_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/nl_00033_1","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of this article is the science fiction series Westworld (2016, 2018, 2020), inspired by the film of the same name from 1973 (Crichton). In the modern version of Westworld, the dominant characters are Dolores and Maeve, female androids, and the narrative is centred\u0000 on their awakening and emancipation. The feminist turn may positively indicate the transformations that occurred in the society of the spectacle. Back in 1973, gender-based stereotyping of women was still a firm division point between acceptable female roles of a good and obedient daughter,\u0000 a faithful wife or a self-sacrificing mother and unacceptable roles of sexually promiscuous rebels and prostitutes. However, Dolores is both a good daughter and a rebel/killer, and Maeve is a prostitute and a self-sacrificing mother. These roles are not evaluated, which suggests that the series\u0000 overcome the traditional gender dualisms. Unlike female androids, such a change is not visible in the characterization of other female or male human characters. Analysis of the Westworld series is presented through radical feminist lenses and questions whether Westworld’s\u0000 feminism is really for everybody.","PeriodicalId":38658,"journal":{"name":"Northern Lights","volume":"264 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76188695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The feminist heroine Supergirl aired in the CW Television Network and the series illustrates how a turn to the past or retro look can create new realities, although not necessarily authentically aligned with its original version. This article shows the evolution of the heroine from the pages of DC Action Comics in May 1943 through different mediums to the present day, discussing the impact of the different times and contexts of writers, producers and audiences.
{"title":"Supergirl: Contemporary feminist reboot of a hapless DC Comic helpmate","authors":"Batya Weinbaum","doi":"10.1386/nl_00030_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/nl_00030_1","url":null,"abstract":"The feminist heroine Supergirl aired in the CW Television Network and the series illustrates how a turn to the past or retro look can create new realities, although not necessarily authentically aligned with its original version. This article shows the evolution of the heroine from\u0000 the pages of DC Action Comics in May 1943 through different mediums to the present day, discussing the impact of the different times and contexts of writers, producers and audiences.","PeriodicalId":38658,"journal":{"name":"Northern Lights","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75581783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Popular television has always been fascinated by military life and the male soldier. However, the image of the female soldier tends to attract less attention, despite her significant role on the battlefield, in military operations, and as part of army life. Hence, the question of the female soldier’s inclusion in military TV series calls for special attention. The cultural militarism prevalent in Israel and Serbia presents a unique opportunity to investigate how female soldiers are represented in popular TV series. In order to decode the televised female soldier, a post-feminist inquiry of two popular TV series ‐ one from Israel and one from Serbia ‐ was conducted. This analysis suggests that in both the popular TV series, female soldiers are attractive, well-groomed women who succeed in maintaining a feminine aesthetic, even in moments of severe military crisis. At the same time, they adhere to their female individuality and freedom of choice. And perhaps most importantly, they epitomize the dilemmas of contemporary feminism by hybridizing ‘me’ with ‘we’, individuality with collectivity, a moral stand with personal commitment and femininity with masculinity.
{"title":"Female soldiers in TV series: A comparative analysis of Israel and Serbia","authors":"Mira Moshe, N. Simeunović Bajić","doi":"10.1386/nl_00029_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/nl_00029_1","url":null,"abstract":"Popular television has always been fascinated by military life and the male soldier. However, the image of the female soldier tends to attract less attention, despite her significant role on the battlefield, in military operations, and as part of army life. Hence, the question of the\u0000 female soldier’s inclusion in military TV series calls for special attention. The cultural militarism prevalent in Israel and Serbia presents a unique opportunity to investigate how female soldiers are represented in popular TV series. In order to decode the televised female soldier,\u0000 a post-feminist inquiry of two popular TV series ‐ one from Israel and one from Serbia ‐ was conducted. This analysis suggests that in both the popular TV series, female soldiers are attractive, well-groomed women who succeed in maintaining a feminine aesthetic, even in moments\u0000 of severe military crisis. At the same time, they adhere to their female individuality and freedom of choice. And perhaps most importantly, they epitomize the dilemmas of contemporary feminism by hybridizing ‘me’ with ‘we’, individuality with collectivity, a moral stand\u0000 with personal commitment and femininity with masculinity.","PeriodicalId":38658,"journal":{"name":"Northern Lights","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90743587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although overt expressions of racism are increasingly rare within the sport media, implicit and conscious/unconscious racial bias, on the other hand, is a common feature within contemporary sports reporting. A comprehensive body of research has illustrated that Black athletes are more likely to be praised for their supposed innate biological superiority while White athletes are more likely to be credited for their work ethic and intelligence. In addition, Black, Asian and minoritized ethnic athletes, such as Lewis Hamilton and Raheem Sterling, have often been criticized for being too ‘flashy’ by some sections of the UK press, which conjures up images of undeserved riches. These representations are symptomatic of a wider culture in which minoritized communities are ‘othered’. This article, then, focuses on one example of racial bias from BBC Radio Derby’s Sports Scene podcast from February 2020. Former professional footballer turned pundit, Craig Ramage, suggested that ‘all the young Black lads’ needed ‘pulling down a peg or two’ and needed to work harder. This work empirically investigated three online post titles across Facebook, Instagram and a forum to critically examine how contemporary football audiences reacted to such comments. The analysis illustrated that online participants were: (1) divided over whether Ramage’s comments were racist or not, (2) unsure of who was to blame, (3) unsure of who the victim was. The article concludes by outlining preventative measures to avoid such reoccurrences and emphasizes the importance of educational training around equality and diversity within the sport media.
{"title":"‘He needs pulling down a peg or two’: Assessing online fan responses to racialized discourse in sports broadcasting","authors":"D. Kilvington","doi":"10.1386/nl_00021_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/nl_00021_1","url":null,"abstract":"Although overt expressions of racism are increasingly rare within the sport media, implicit and conscious/unconscious racial bias, on the other hand, is a common feature within contemporary sports reporting. A comprehensive body of research has illustrated that Black athletes are more\u0000 likely to be praised for their supposed innate biological superiority while White athletes are more likely to be credited for their work ethic and intelligence. In addition, Black, Asian and minoritized ethnic athletes, such as Lewis Hamilton and Raheem Sterling, have often been criticized\u0000 for being too ‘flashy’ by some sections of the UK press, which conjures up images of undeserved riches. These representations are symptomatic of a wider culture in which minoritized communities are ‘othered’. This article, then, focuses on one example of racial bias\u0000 from BBC Radio Derby’s Sports Scene podcast from February 2020. Former professional footballer turned pundit, Craig Ramage, suggested that ‘all the young Black lads’ needed ‘pulling down a peg or two’ and needed to work harder. This work empirically investigated\u0000 three online post titles across Facebook, Instagram and a forum to critically examine how contemporary football audiences reacted to such comments. The analysis illustrated that online participants were: (1) divided over whether Ramage’s comments were racist or not, (2) unsure of who\u0000 was to blame, (3) unsure of who the victim was. The article concludes by outlining preventative measures to avoid such reoccurrences and emphasizes the importance of educational training around equality and diversity within the sport media.","PeriodicalId":38658,"journal":{"name":"Northern Lights","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44039047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the modelling profession, ageing is a multi-challenging process. By analysing the auto/biography Becoming by Cindy Crawford and Katherine O´Leary, the ageing issues prove to be particularly stimulating. Crawford views her private and professional, internal and external self through a temporal perspective. The special focus of the analysis is a relationship to the body exposed to multiple views. In this context, the auto/biographical text becomes a relevant and stimulating document for questioning (self)presentations of ageing female celebrities, analysing the production of new cultural notions of appropriate ageing and transformations of beauty ideology that creates new (unrealistic) standards, norms and expectations.
{"title":"Ageing like a supermodel: Negotiating body in the celebrity ‘self-life writing’1","authors":"Marija Geiger Zeman, Zdenko Zeman","doi":"10.1386/nl_00025_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/nl_00025_1","url":null,"abstract":"In the modelling profession, ageing is a multi-challenging process. By analysing the auto/biography Becoming by Cindy Crawford and Katherine O´Leary, the ageing issues prove to be particularly stimulating. Crawford views her private and professional, internal and external\u0000 self through a temporal perspective. The special focus of the analysis is a relationship to the body exposed to multiple views. In this context, the auto/biographical text becomes a relevant and stimulating document for questioning (self)presentations of ageing female celebrities, analysing\u0000 the production of new cultural notions of appropriate ageing and transformations of beauty ideology that creates new (unrealistic) standards, norms and expectations.","PeriodicalId":38658,"journal":{"name":"Northern Lights","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46434758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Topić, D. Kilvington, Mirela Holy, Jacco van Sterkenburg
{"title":"Media discourses on ‘race’ and gender","authors":"M. Topić, D. Kilvington, Mirela Holy, Jacco van Sterkenburg","doi":"10.1386/nl_00019_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/nl_00019_2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38658,"journal":{"name":"Northern Lights","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46605622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The topic of this article is the phenomenon of double, namely cross or additive discrimination against senior women in the media sphere. Many studies and articles are devoted to ageism, discrimination against the elderly and gender inequality as discrimination against women. Rarely and hardly ever in Serbia, research is focused on the topic of gender differences that determine the quality of life in old age. While some believe that gender inequality and stereotypes end with age, which is in itself a basis for discrimination, and that gender differences are equalized, others believe that gender differences are particularly pronounced in old age, especially when considering marginalized elderly populations such as elderly people belonging to the Roma nationality, people with disabilities, LGBT people and HIV-positive people. This article is a comprehensive literature review article. The authors applied theoretical and interpretative methods of research, discursive and critical thematic analysis. The interpretative method is based on the meanings and representation of different aspects of the issue. The main finding of this article is the existence and prevalence of a gap and contradiction between the reality of longer and better quality of life and outdated media representation of old age, especially of elderly women.
{"title":"Double discrimination of elderly women in the media","authors":"T. Milivojević, Ljiljana Manić, N. Bajić","doi":"10.1386/nl_00026_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/nl_00026_1","url":null,"abstract":"The topic of this article is the phenomenon of double, namely cross or additive discrimination against senior women in the media sphere. Many studies and articles are devoted to ageism, discrimination against the elderly and gender inequality as discrimination against women. Rarely\u0000 and hardly ever in Serbia, research is focused on the topic of gender differences that determine the quality of life in old age. While some believe that gender inequality and stereotypes end with age, which is in itself a basis for discrimination, and that gender differences are equalized,\u0000 others believe that gender differences are particularly pronounced in old age, especially when considering marginalized elderly populations such as elderly people belonging to the Roma nationality, people with disabilities, LGBT people and HIV-positive people. This article is a comprehensive\u0000 literature review article. The authors applied theoretical and interpretative methods of research, discursive and critical thematic analysis. The interpretative method is based on the meanings and representation of different aspects of the issue. The main finding of this article is the existence\u0000 and prevalence of a gap and contradiction between the reality of longer and better quality of life and outdated media representation of old age, especially of elderly women.","PeriodicalId":38658,"journal":{"name":"Northern Lights","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48000455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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