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The Life of Saint Eufrosine In Old French Verse, with English Translation ed. by Amy V. Ogden (review) 《古法语诗体中的圣欧弗罗西尼的一生》,英译,艾米·v·奥格登编辑(书评)
Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1353/dph.2021.0017
Blake Gutt
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引用次数: 1
Intellectual Siblingship: Philip the Good’s Book Gifts to Agnes of Burgundy 智力上的兄弟姐妹:菲利普的书送给勃艮第的艾格尼丝
Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1353/dph.2021.0013
S. C. Kaplan
Abstract:There are seventeen manuscripts in the collection of Agnes of Burgundy, duchess of Bourbon from 1434 to 1456, and at least four were given to her by her brother Philip III of Burgundy, also known as Philip the Good. He probably gave them to her between 1462 and 1466, while she was staying with him after he had suffered a serious illness. These manuscripts are BnF lat. 1183, a book of hours; BnF fr. 92, Les Trois fils de rois ou La Cronique de Naples (The Three Kings’ Sons, or the Chronicle of Naples); Chantilly MS 129, containing Pourquoi Dieu s’est fait homme and Soliloque sur le gage de l’ame, which are Pierre Crapillet d’Annoire’s French translations of Saint Anselm’s Why God Became Man and Hugh of Saint Victor’s Soliloquy on the Earnest Money of the Soul; and Chantilly MS 737, Jean Miélot’s translation of the Passion saint Adrien (Passion of Saint Adrian). None of these manuscripts stands out as unusual in Agnes’s collection, which comprises romances as well as an encyclopedia; a variety of religious texts including sermons, a Passion, and poems by Gautier de Coinci; and allegorical works by Christine de Pizan. In other words, Philip gave his sister books that he believed she would read. While this might seem to be a perfectly understandable expression of familial affection, it does beg the question of whether such gifts were typical of aristocrats in fifteenth-century French-speaking Europe, and what significance they had in gifting culture as a whole. This study provides a brief overview of aristocratic gifting culture and the book’s role in it before returning to examine the contents of Philip’s gifts to Agnes, with a focus on the notable impact that women’s literary preferences may have had on the contents of books they received as gifts and therefore on the shaping of collections associated with these women.
摘要:波旁公爵夫人勃艮第的艾格尼丝(Agnes of Burgundy)在1434年至1456年间收藏了17份手稿,其中至少有4份是她的兄弟勃艮第的菲利普三世(又称“腓力大帝”)送给她的。他可能是在1462年到1466年间送给她的,当时他身患重病,她和他住在一起。这些手稿是BnF平的。一本时辰书;1992年BnF, Les Trois fils de rois ou La croonique de Naples(三个国王的儿子,或那不勒斯编年史);尚蒂伊MS 129,包含Pourquoi Dieu s 'est fait homme和Soliloque sur le gage de l 'ame,这是皮埃尔·克拉皮莱·德·安诺瓦的法语翻译的圣安瑟伦的《上帝为什么成为人》和圣维克多的休的《灵魂的真诚金钱》的独白;Chantilly MS 737, Jean misamulot翻译的受难圣阿德里安(受难圣阿德里安)。这些手稿在阿格尼斯的收藏中都没有什么特别之处,她的收藏包括浪漫小说和百科全书;各种宗教文本,包括布道书、受难书和戈蒂埃·德·柯奇的诗歌;以及克里斯汀·德·皮桑的讽喻作品。换句话说,菲利普给了妹妹一些他相信她会读的书。虽然这似乎是一种完全可以理解的家庭感情的表达,但它确实提出了这样一个问题,即这种礼物是否是15世纪讲法语的欧洲贵族的典型礼物,以及它们在整个礼物文化中具有什么意义。本研究简要概述了贵族送礼文化和书在其中的作用,然后再回到菲利普送给阿格尼斯的礼物的内容,重点是女性的文学偏好可能对她们作为礼物收到的书籍内容产生了显著影响,因此对与这些女性相关的收藏的形成产生了影响。
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引用次数: 0
Writing Festive Performance in Late-Thirteenth-and Early-Fourteenth-Century Picardy, Lorraine, and Metz 13世纪末和14世纪初皮卡第、洛林和梅斯的节日表演写作
Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1353/dph.2021.0025
Nancy Freeman Regalado
Abstract:When and why were festive performances first written down in medieval France? The earliest French festival books were free-standing narrative accounts of two tournaments: Le Roman du Hem (1278) and Le Tournoi de Chauvency (1285). Three questions are central. What descriptive models did the writers follow? How did these narrative records serve the interests of those who commissioned and read them? How were they received first by courtly audiences and then in an urban milieu? Their models were the extensive passages in earlier romances depicting courtly festivities. In an important passage of the Roman du Hem (reprinted in the essay’s ), the poet Sarasin lays out the literary genealogy of his Roman du Hem that depicts an actual tournament in Picardy (1278), naming Chrétien de Troyes and stories of the Round Table. Sarrasin also describes his unique book contract with his patrons (reprinted in ). The only known copy is in Paris, BnF fr.1588. Display of noble identities is the raison d’être of both festival books.In Le Tournoi de Chauvency, describing a tournament in Lorraine. (1285), the poet Jacques Bretel chose the literary model of the romance with lyric insertions. The earliest copy of the Tounoi in Mons, Bibliothèque publique MS 330-215 was undoubtedly commissioned by a participant. However, written descriptions escape the time and place of a single event. Thus, jousting scenes from the Tournoi were copied by a Picard poet Jakemes into his late thirteenth-century Roman du castelain de Coucy. Book ownership was important to urban patricians living in the Republic of Metz who sought to emulate the social practices of the higher nobility. This is why they commissioned in 1312 a revised and lavishly illustrated copy of the 1285 Tournoi (Oxford, Bodleian MS Douce 308). Read and copied, festival books became a model for the aspirations and festive practices of new generations.
摘要:在中世纪的法国,节日表演最早被记录下来是什么时候?最早的法国节日书籍是关于两个比赛的独立叙述:Le Roman du Hem(1278)和Le Tournoi de Chauvency(1285)。三个问题是核心。作者遵循了什么描述模式?这些叙事记录是如何服务于那些委托和阅读它们的人的利益的?他们最初是如何被宫廷观众接受的,然后在城市环境中又是如何接受的?他们的模型是早期浪漫小说中描述宫廷庆典的大量段落。在《罗马杜赫姆》的一段重要段落中(在文章中重印),诗人萨拉辛列出了他的《罗马杜赫姆》的文学家谱,描绘了在Picardy(1278)举行的一场真实的比赛,命名为chracrien de Troyes和圆桌的故事。Sarrasin还描述了他与赞助人签订的独特的图书合同。唯一已知的副本在巴黎,BnF fr.1588。展示高贵的身份是两个节日书籍être的原因。在Le Tournoi de Chauvency中,描述了洛林的一场比赛。(1285),诗人雅克·布雷特尔选择了带有抒情插入的浪漫主义文学模式。蒙斯最早的《图努伊》副本,biblioth publique MS 330-215,无疑是由一位参与者委托制作的。然而,书面描述逃避了单一事件的时间和地点。因此,《图尔努瓦》中的比武场景被皮卡德诗人雅克梅斯(jakeme)复制到他13世纪晚期的《罗马城堡》(Roman du castelain de Coucy)中。对于生活在梅斯共和国的城市贵族来说,拥有书籍是很重要的,他们试图效仿高级贵族的社会习俗。这就是为什么他们在1312年委托对1285年的Tournoi (Oxford, Bodleian MS Douce 308)进行了修订并绘制了大量插图的原因。阅读和复制,节日书籍成为新一代的愿望和节日习俗的典范。
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引用次数: 0
The Gift of Comedy: Presenting and Representing Political Authority in Sixteenth-Century Siena 喜剧的礼物:16世纪锡耶纳政治权威的呈现与再现
Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1353/dph.2021.0014
A. Dal Molin
Abstract:Scholars have often conceptualized premodern theater as a socially equalizing medium through which the lower proletarian classes may voice their opinions and concerns via humor and political satire. A famous example is Pierre Gringore’s Sottie du Prince des Sotz et Mère Sotte (Play of the Prince of Fools), which features both the king and the pope as fools. As Cynthia J. Brown’s The Shaping of History and Poetry in Late Medieval France: Propaganda and Artistic Expression in the Works of the Rhétoriqueurs has demonstrated, comic theater of the sixteenth century often functions to temporarily reveal “the joyful relativity of all structure and order.” In this study I show the Intronati Academy of Siena harnessing the power of theater to similar ends. However, rather than representing the relativity of social structure and class order, their plays elevated comedy and studies of humanism more generally to a noble position in the city of Siena during the century. I consider the Intronati’s L’Amor Costante, written for the entrance of the Holy Roman emperor, Charles V, into Siena in 1536, and L’Ortensio, composed for the entrance of Grand Duke Cosimo I de’ Medici in 1561, in light of their relevant paratexts to show that the Intronati not only used theater to give a voice to the citizens of the city but also employed comedy in entrance festivities to negotiate the power of the academy over the people.
摘要:学者们经常将前现代戏剧定义为一种社会平等的媒介,下层无产阶级可以通过幽默和政治讽刺来表达他们的意见和关注。著名的例子是皮埃尔·格林戈尔的《愚人王子的戏剧》,其中国王和教皇都是愚人。正如辛西娅·j·布朗(Cynthia J. Brown)的《中世纪晚期法国历史与诗歌的塑造:雷姆萨托克作品中的宣传与艺术表达》所表明的那样,16世纪的喜剧戏剧常常起到暂时揭示“所有结构和秩序的快乐相对性”的作用。在这项研究中,我展示了锡耶纳Intronati学院利用戏剧的力量达到类似的目的。然而,他们的戏剧并没有代表社会结构和阶级秩序的相对性,而是将喜剧和人文主义研究更普遍地提升到世纪锡耶纳市的崇高地位。我认为Intronati的《L’amor Costante》(1536年为神圣罗马皇帝查理五世进入锡雅纳而写)和《L’ortensio》(1561年为大公科西莫一世·德·美第奇(Cosimo I de ' Medici)进入锡雅纳而写)的相关文本表明,Intronati不仅使用戏剧来表达城市公民的声音,而且在入场庆祝活动中使用喜剧来谈判学院对人民的权力。
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引用次数: 0
Medieval French Literary Culture Abroad by Jane Gilbert, Simon Gaunt and William Burgwinkle (review) 简·吉尔伯特、西蒙·冈特、威廉·伯温克尔《法国中世纪文学的海外文化》(书评)
Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1353/dph.2021.0016
Andrew S. Taylor
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引用次数: 0
Stranger/Medieval Things: An Introduction 陌生人/中世纪的东西:介绍
Pub Date : 2021-05-12 DOI: 10.1353/dph.2021.0001
Julie Singer
What literacies are needed in order to read the medieval object today? Conversely, what light can readings mediated through medieval objects shed on the contemporary world? The aim of this issue of Digital Philology is to explore how the opacity of medieval objects, their very strangeness, makes them a useful lens for thinking through contemporary technologies and contemporary formulations of the digital corpus. Here strange should not be understood as “odd” but in its more etymological sense: “outside,” “external,” “distant.” What happens when medieval strangers are brought to bear on contemporary questions from which they might seem especially distant? What meanings are produced when we think through things that make themselves felt through their absence, or through things that highlight the gaps between and within themselves? With the language of thinking through, I mean to capture two ways of thinking: using modern technologies as an analytical tool and taking modern technologies themselves as an object of medievalist analysis. In thus defining this issue’s stakes, I am thinking specifically of Bill Brown’s use of a dirty window to illustrate his distinction between objects and things.1 Simply put, a clean window, through which we can look at something else in order to make meaning, is an object; a dirty window, no longer transparent, is a thing that draws attention to its own materiality and creates a new kind of subject-object relation. Increasingly, computers, networks, and digital artifacts are the windows through which today’s researchers view medieval books and artworks. When we use these tools, what are we truly looking at? An enormous body of literature has been devoted in recent years to the practical and theoretical implications of the digitization of medieval texts: mostly laudatory, occasionally skeptical, but always impassioned. And with good reason: “the computer rules our research and studies.”2 The availability of digital surrogates is beginning to rival the availability of accessible modern editions as one of “the primary determinants of
今天要读懂中世纪的作品,需要具备什么样的素养?反过来说,通过中世纪的物品进行解读,能给当代世界带来什么启示呢?本期《数字文献学》的目的是探讨中世纪物品的不透明性,它们的奇异性,如何使它们成为思考当代技术和当代数字语料库公式的有用镜头。在这里strange不应该被理解为“奇怪的”,而应该从词源的意义上理解:“外面的”、“外部的”、“遥远的”。当中世纪的陌生人被带到他们似乎特别遥远的当代问题上时,会发生什么?当我们思考那些通过缺失来感受自身的事物,或者通过强调自身之间和内部的差距的事物时,会产生什么意义?通过思考的语言,我的意思是抓住两种思维方式:使用现代技术作为分析工具,并将现代技术本身作为中世纪分析的对象。在定义这个问题的利害关系时,我特别想到了比尔·布朗用一个脏窗户来说明他对物体和事物的区别简单地说,一扇干净的窗户是一个对象,通过它我们可以看到别的东西,从而获得意义;一个肮脏的窗户,不再透明,是一个吸引人们注意其自身的物质性,并创造一种新的主客体关系的东西。计算机、网络和数字文物日益成为当今研究人员观察中世纪书籍和艺术品的窗口。当我们使用这些工具时,我们真正看到的是什么?近年来,大量文献致力于中世纪文本数字化的实践和理论意义:大多是赞美,偶尔是怀疑,但总是充满激情。而且理由很充分:“计算机控制着我们的研究和学习。数字替代品的可获得性开始与可获得的现代版本的可获得性相媲美,成为“……的主要决定因素之一”
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引用次数: 0
Re-Imagining Digital Things: Sustainable Data in Medieval Manuscript Studies 重新想象数字事物:中世纪手稿研究中的可持续数据
Pub Date : 2021-05-12 DOI: 10.1353/dph.2021.0005
M. Warren, Neil Weijer
Abstract:The Middle English prose Brut chronicle survives in nearly two hundred manuscripts. This corpus has been the subject of extensive study for more than a hundred years. The most recent research, however, has turned out to be the most fragile. In 2017, the multiyear digital humanities project “Imaging History: Perspectives on Late Medieval Vernacular Historiography” disappeared from the live Internet, only a decade after its publication. We describe the website’s lifecycle as well as our progress so far in creating a new dataset for the Brut corpus, “Re-Imagining History,” part of the ongoing project “Remix the Manuscript: A Chronicle of Digital Experiments.” Because the dataset is relatively small, we are using it to explore ongoing challenges in manuscript studies related to discoverability, interoperability, and sustainability. Our research questions address the interface between digital data and manuscripts themselves. How do catalogue and database structures impact research outcomes? How can we ethically represent the relative authority of disparate sources? How can we enable users to discover things they don’t already know? How do we plan for longevity and growth? We combine social, technical, and historical factors in order to account for “digital things” as complex networks of relationships. By laying bare the data design process, this essay deepens the dialogue between medieval studies and critical infrastructure studies.
摘要:中古英语散文《布鲁特编年史》流传于近200份手稿中。一百多年来,这个语料库一直是广泛研究的主题。然而,最近的研究结果却是最脆弱的。2017年,历时多年的数字人文项目“影像历史:中世纪晚期白话文史学的视角”在出版仅十年后就从网络直播中消失了。我们描述了网站的生命周期,以及迄今为止我们为布鲁特语料库创建新数据集的进展,“重新想象历史”,这是正在进行的项目“重新混合手稿:数字实验编年史”的一部分。由于数据集相对较小,我们正在使用它来探索手稿研究中与可发现性、互操作性和可持续性相关的持续挑战。我们的研究问题涉及数字数据和手稿本身之间的接口。目录和数据库结构如何影响研究成果?我们如何在道德上代表不同来源的相对权威?我们如何让用户发现他们不知道的东西?我们如何为长寿和成长做计划?我们将社会、技术和历史因素结合起来,以解释“数字事物”作为复杂的关系网络。通过揭示数据设计过程,本文加深了中世纪研究与关键基础设施研究之间的对话。
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引用次数: 0
Animal Skins and the Reading Self in Medieval Latin and French Bestiaries by Sarah Kay (review) 《中世纪拉丁语和法语动物寓言中的兽皮与阅读自我》莎拉·凯著(书评)
Pub Date : 2021-05-12 DOI: 10.1353/dph.2021.0009
Stephen G. Nichols
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引用次数: 0
Medieval Iberian Crusade Fiction and the Mediterranean World by David A. Wacks (review) 《中世纪伊比利亚十字军小说与地中海世界》大卫·a·瓦克斯(书评)
Pub Date : 2021-05-12 DOI: 10.1353/dph.2021.0008
Albert Lloret
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引用次数: 0
Preaching Apocrypha in Anglo-Saxon England by Brandon W. Hawk (review) 布兰登·w·霍克在盎格鲁-撒克逊英格兰的布道伪经(评论)
Pub Date : 2021-05-12 DOI: 10.1353/dph.2021.0011
Natalie Whitaker
Hawk disrupts traditional scholarship on Anglo-Saxon sermons, preaching, and religion by examining the use of apocryphal material in Anglo-Saxon media through a confluence of methodology that includes media studies and network theory. Early medieval scholars acknowledge the value of cross-linguistic transmissions between Latin and vernacular texts, but Hawk takes this a step further by building a methodological frame that can allow for developing a deeper understanding of not only these early medieval texts but also modern culture and media, “dem-onstrating how media across centuries are ineluctably connected and mutually help us to make sense of past and present” (21). Considering the current state of the early northern medieval field, and its problematic past, this scholarly intervention is valuable both as a change from traditional scholarship and as a way to become more politically aware of the effects of our studies. In this latter sense, its methodology can benefit not only those in early medieval studies but also scholars of other fields who study premodern texts, digital humanities, and media.
霍克通过融合包括媒体研究和网络理论在内的方法论,研究了盎格鲁-撒克逊媒体中虚构材料的使用,打破了关于盎格鲁-撒克逊布道、讲道和宗教的传统学术研究。早期中世纪学者承认拉丁语和白话文本之间跨语言传播的价值,但霍克更进一步,建立了一个方法论框架,不仅可以对这些早期中世纪文本,还可以对现代文化和媒体进行更深入的理解,“证明了几个世纪以来的媒体是如何不可避免地联系在一起的,并相互帮助我们理解过去和现在”(21)。考虑到早期北部中世纪领域的现状及其问题重重的过去,这种学术干预既是对传统学术的一种改变,也是一种对我们研究的影响更具政治意识的方式,是有价值的。在后一种意义上,它的方法不仅可以使早期中世纪研究的学者受益,也可以使研究前现代文本、数字人文和媒体的其他领域的学者受益。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Digital Philology: A Journal of Medieval Cultures
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