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2019 7th International Engineering, Sciences and Technology Conference (IESTEC)最新文献

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Evaluation of the Biochemical Potential of Methane from Wastewater Biosolids as a Source of Clean and Sustainable Energy 废水生物固体甲烷作为清洁和可持续能源的生化潜力评价
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/IESTEC46403.2019.00-82
Deago Euclides, Ramírez Marian
In Panama, in the last 20 years, investment in sanitation has increased both at the State and private levels, driven by the generation of discharge regulations. Although it is true that recovery of the bodies of receiving water is being achieved due to these investments, little has been done with the byproducts of this sanitation, especially the generation of organic sludge or wastewater biosolids. For this reason, our research focused on the study of biochemical methane potential (BPM), through anaerobic digestion tests using the Oxitop system. These results of our research are the results of the evaluation of biosolids from wastewater treatment plants of various economic activities. The findings of the studies of digestivity show that there is a variation in BPM according to economic activity. The maximum BPM values were obtained for municipal biosolids; whose value was 103 mL CH4/g SV. These results are consistent with the contents of similar studies. However, it is required to deepen this subject, with the aim of improving the yields of BPM from wastewater biosolids, by coding, complementing other organic substrates.
在巴拿马,在过去20年里,在排放法规的推动下,国家和私营部门对卫生设施的投资都有所增加。虽然这些投资确实实现了接收水体的回收,但这种卫生设施的副产品,特别是有机污泥或废水生物固体的产生,几乎没有得到处理。因此,我们的研究重点是通过Oxitop系统的厌氧消化测试来研究生化甲烷势(BPM)。这些研究结果是对各种经济活动废水处理厂的生物固体进行评价的结果。消化率的研究结果表明,根据经济活动,BPM存在变化。城市生物固体的BPM值最大;其值为103 mL CH4/g SV。这些结果与类似研究的内容一致。然而,需要深化这一主题,以提高废水生物固体中BPM的产量为目的,通过编码,补充其他有机基质。
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引用次数: 1
Strength Behaviour of Shredded Rubber Silty Sand Mixtures 粉碎橡胶粉砂混合料的强度特性
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/IESTEC46403.2019.00087
Eduardo Benavente-Huaman, Mauricio Navarro-Cardenas, Gary Duran-Ramirez
The reuse of discarded tires can reduce the great environmental problem associated with their inadequate final disposal. One way, is its addition in compacted soils that can provide solutions to the mechanical-geotechnical problems related to low shear strength. This study presents the behavior of a silty sand reinforced with shredded rubber of discarded tires, through an experimental study. Physical characterization tests, Standard Proctor, direct shear test and consolidated undrained triaxial test (CU) were carried out in order to establish patterns of mechanical-geotechnical behavior that define the influence of the addition of rubber in this soil. The Direct shear and triaxial tests were performed on compacted soil samples at their maximum dry density and optimum moisture. The specimens tested were made with rubber contents of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%, in relation to the dry weight of the soil. On the other hand, the triaxial test was carried out with specimens that content 0% and 5% shredded rubber. The results showed that the shear strength increased in samples with 5%, 10% and 15% of rubber with respect to soil. This addition of rubber is more effective for confinement tensions greater than 50 kPa and less than 300 kPa. It was concluded that the addition of 5% rubber is the one that provides higher shear strength.
废弃轮胎的再利用可以减少由于最终处理不当而带来的巨大环境问题。一种方法是将其添加到压实土中,可以解决与低抗剪强度相关的机械-岩土工程问题。通过实验研究,研究了废轮胎碎胶增强粉砂的性能。进行了物理表征试验、标准普罗克特试验、直剪试验和固结不排水三轴试验(CU),以建立力学-岩土力学行为模式,确定在该土壤中添加橡胶的影响。在最大干密度和最佳含水率条件下,对压实土样进行了直剪试验和三轴试验。试件的橡胶含量分别为土壤干重的0%、5%、10%、15%和20%。另一方面,三轴试验分别进行了0%和5%碎胶含量的试件。结果表明:橡胶掺量为5%、10%和15%时,试件抗剪强度相对于土均有所提高;这种橡胶的添加对于大于50kpa和小于300kpa的约束张力更有效。结果表明,掺量为5%的橡胶具有较高的抗剪强度。
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引用次数: 0
The High-Rise City in the Digital Age 数字时代的高层城市
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/IESTEC46403.2019.00129
Kheir M. Al-Kodmany
This paper engages readers with innovative research methods to learn about popular places in the city. Using locational data of Social Media platforms, including Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram, along with participatory field visits and combining insights from architecture and urban design literature, this study reveals popular socio-spatial clusters in the City of Chicago. Locational data of photographs were visualized by using Geographic Information Systems and helped in producing heat maps that showed the spatial distribution of posted photographs. Geo-intensity of photographs illustrated areas that are most popular visited in the city. The study's results indicate that the city's skyscrapers along open spaces are major elements of image formation. Findings also elucidate that Social Media plays an important role in promoting places; and thereby, sustaining a greater interest and stream of visitors. Consequently, planners should tap into public's digital engagement in city places to improve tourism and economy [1].
本文以创新的研究方法吸引读者了解城市中受欢迎的地方。利用社交媒体平台的位置数据,包括Twitter、Facebook和Instagram,以及参与式实地考察,结合建筑和城市设计文献的见解,本研究揭示了芝加哥市流行的社会空间集群。利用地理信息系统将照片的位置数据可视化,并帮助制作热图,显示张贴的照片的空间分布。地理强度的照片说明了城市中最受欢迎的地区。研究结果表明,沿着开放空间的城市摩天大楼是图像形成的主要因素。研究结果还表明,社交媒体在推广场所方面发挥着重要作用;因此,保持更大的兴趣和游客流。因此,规划者应该利用公众在城市场所的数字参与来改善旅游和经济[1]。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental Study of the Welded Connections of Composite Columns Filled RCFT with Concrete with Steel Beams Type I 钢梁砼砼砼组合柱焊接连接试验研究
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/IESTEC46403.2019.00081
Jorge Ricardo Vintimilla Jaramillo, C. Campos, L. Rodríguez
The behavior of five types of welded connections of composite columns rcft (rectangular tube filled with concrete) and type i steel beams used in ecuador, all made with the same materials, dimensions and construction processes, has been compared, modifying the form of the connection, this being the only variable to investigate. By performing experimental cyclic tests following the loading protocol defined by ansi / aisc 341-16, 2016, it was possible to determine the real behavior of these connections, obtain the necessary hysteresis curves, define which test piece of the tested ones presents a better behavior and energy dissipation capacity, as well as analytical models of the tested specimens, were made using finite element methods for comparison.
在厄瓜多尔使用的组合柱rcft(填充混凝土的矩形管)和i型钢梁的五种焊接连接的行为,都采用相同的材料,尺寸和施工工艺,进行了比较,修改了连接的形式,这是唯一要调查的变量。通过按照ansi / aisc 341-16, 2016定义的加载方案进行循环试验,可以确定这些连接的真实行为,获得必要的滞回曲线,确定被试中哪个试件表现出更好的行为和耗能能力,并采用有限元方法建立试件的分析模型进行对比。
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引用次数: 0
Metallic Nanoparticles for Infrared-Blocking Windows 用于红外阻挡窗口的金属纳米颗粒
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/IESTEC46403.2019.00020
A. Campos, Franck Aguilar
The optical properties of metallic nanoparticles are widely studied in nanooptics due to the multiple applications that can be developed. In this work we explore, by means of numerical simulations, the optical properties of metallic nanoparticles in order to attenuate the infrared radiation in a window. The simulations were carried out by solving the full Maxwell equations using the boundary element method (BEM). Gold, silver and aluminum nanorods were simulated, as well as silver nanotriangles. The simulation results and numerical calculations show a high transmittance in the visible range and a strong attenuation at wavelengths between 700 nm and 1575 nm (which corresponds to most of the infrared radiation coming from the sun) for the case of gold and silver nanorods and for silver nanotriangles. Our results provide useful details for the design of infrared-blocking windows.
金属纳米粒子的光学性质由于其广泛的应用前景,在纳米光学领域得到了广泛的研究。在这项工作中,我们通过数值模拟来探索金属纳米粒子的光学性质,以衰减窗口中的红外辐射。采用边界元法(BEM)求解麦克斯韦方程组进行了数值模拟。模拟了金、银和铝纳米棒,以及银纳米三角形。模拟结果和数值计算表明,对于金、银纳米棒和银纳米三角形而言,在可见光范围内具有较高的透过率,而在波长为700 nm ~ 1575 nm(对应于大部分来自太阳的红外辐射)之间具有较强的衰减。我们的研究结果为红外阻挡窗的设计提供了有用的细节。
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引用次数: 1
Benefits of Cabuya Fiber in the Mechanical Properties of Compacted Adobe Cabuya纤维对压实土坯力学性能的好处
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/IESTEC46403.2019.00088
Ximena López, Dasarella Torbisco, J. Rodriguez, C. Eyzaguirre
Adobe is one of the most widely used materials for housing construction worldwide, because it is low cost and easy to prepare. However, one of its main disadvantages is its low resistance to compression and bending. The addition of natural fibers in the preparation of adobe has been investigated during the last years in order to improve its resistance. Cabuya fiber was added to improve the properties of the adobe units with straw in different percentages. With the fiber addition percentage of 1.75%, the compression resistance improves by 40% and the resistance to bending by 12%.
土坯是世界上最广泛使用的房屋建筑材料之一,因为它成本低,易于制备。然而,它的一个主要缺点是它的抗压缩和抗弯曲能力低。在过去的几年里,为了提高土坯的耐磨性,人们研究了在土坯制备中添加天然纤维。通过添加不同比例的草木纤维,改善秸秆土坯的性能。当纤维添加量为1.75%时,抗压性能提高40%,抗弯曲性能提高12%。
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引用次数: 2
Analysis of Structural Elements to Promote Social Innovation in Panama 促进巴拿马社会创新的结构要素分析
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/IESTEC46403.2019.00066
Marta A. Alvarez Z., S. Moreno
This work compares in a comparative way some advances in the promotion and management of Social Innovation adopted by four Latin American countries, including Panama, in order to generate more knowledge to promote the strengthening and design of new public policies in this ambit. Panama is in the incipient stage of Social Innovation management, compared to the other three countries analyzed: Colombia, Costa Rica and Chile. Among the structural elements addressed are: regulations, the degree of institutionality, mechanisms and incentives to promote social innovation projects and good institutionalized practices. Since 2014, Panama shows its interest and advances in the subject, in the academic and university academic sectors, which can take advantage of social innovation to obtain a greater impact in the country and promote a more inclusive social development. Colombia began efforts to promote Social Innovation in 2007, Chile and Costa Rica in 2014, as well as Panama. These three countries have a higher level of progress in the elements analyzed in their Social Innovation ecosystems than Panama, however, they do not have enough mechanisms to clearly identify the failures that prevent the strengthening of the culture of social innovation and, therefore, the establishment of much more effective public policies.
这项工作以比较的方式比较了包括巴拿马在内的四个拉丁美洲国家在促进和管理社会创新方面所取得的一些进展,以便产生更多的知识,以促进加强和设计这方面的新公共政策。与被分析的其他三个国家:哥伦比亚、哥斯达黎加和智利相比,巴拿马处于社会创新管理的初级阶段。所讨论的结构因素包括:规章、体制程度、促进社会创新项目和良好体制做法的机制和奖励。自2014年以来,巴拿马在学术和大学学术领域表现出对该学科的兴趣和进步,这可以利用社会创新在该国获得更大的影响,促进更具包容性的社会发展。哥伦比亚从2007年开始推动社会创新,智利和哥斯达黎加从2014年开始,巴拿马也是如此。这三个国家在社会创新生态系统中分析的要素方面比巴拿马取得了更高水平的进展,然而,他们没有足够的机制来明确识别阻碍社会创新文化加强的失败,因此,建立更有效的公共政策。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of a Natural Zeolite of Analcima Type for the Removal of Chemical Contaminants from Water 天然Analcima型沸石去除水中化学污染物的效果
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/iestec46403.2019.00-72
Astrid Loré, Cenobio Cárdenas, L. Arza, C. Hernández, J. Olmos, F. Vergara, Mario Altamirano
A natural Zeolite was used whose main component in the Analcima, with which was prepared purification system or filters of column type and container systems in Batch. It was possible to demonstrate the feasibility of using both systems for the study of removal of contaminating species in water. The results show satisfactory removal of components such as calcium and turbidity in column systems with untreated zeolites; as for metallic components such as Zn, Cu and Fe, in systems in Lot, without treatment. In multicomponent systems there are competition events for the active natural zeolite sites
采用一种天然沸石,其主要成分为Analcima,用于制备柱式和容器系统的净化系统或过滤器。有可能证明使用这两种系统来研究去除水中污染物种的可行性。结果表明,在未经处理的沸石柱体系中,钙和浊度等组分的去除率令人满意;如锌、铜、铁等金属成分,在Lot系统中,未经处理。在多组分体系中,存在着天然沸石活性位点的竞争
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引用次数: 0
Impact of the Envelope Layout in the Thermal Behavior of Buildings in Panama: A Numerical Study 巴拿马围护结构布局对建筑热性能影响的数值研究
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/IESTEC46403.2019.00-74
Jesús Araúz, D. Mora, M. C. Austin
With the purpose of giving recommendations about building construction techniques in Panama to reduce the energy consumption, this article presents the results obtained from thermal dynamic simulations carried out for a generic building inspired on the building structure implemented in the Technological University of Panama Campus. This before by considering its geographical location, meteorological data, and composition of walls, floors, ceilings and windows. This simulation aims to study the thermal behavior of the building depending merely on its envelope features, specifically, on the variation of "window to wall" ratio (WWR) and on the addition of internal and external insulation layers on the external walls. Results showed that one of the most relevant features of the envelope is the WWR, which improved the indoor conditions significantly if minimized. However, adding insulation layer does not improve the building indoor conditions.
为了对巴拿马的建筑施工技术提出建议,以减少能源消耗,本文介绍了在巴拿马科技大学校园实施的建筑结构的启发下,对普通建筑进行的热动力学模拟的结果。在此之前,要考虑它的地理位置、气象数据以及墙壁、地板、天花板和窗户的组成。该模拟旨在研究仅依赖于其围护结构特征的建筑物的热行为,特别是“窗墙”比(WWR)的变化以及外墙上内外保温层的增加。结果表明,围护线最相关的特征之一是水比,如果最小化,可以显著改善室内条件。然而,增加保温层并不能改善建筑物的室内条件。
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引用次数: 7
Proposal to Implement the Precalculus and Basic Mathematics Courses Using an Intelligent Tutoring System 运用智能辅导系统实施微积分预科和基础数学课程的建议
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/IESTEC46403.2019.00-60
B. Fernández, Norma L. Miller
During 2017 and 2018, the Precalculus course at the Technological University of Panama was offered via an intelligent tutoring system (ITS). Analysis of the results show that student interaction with the ITS learning modules contributes to the levelling of knowledge and to improved performance in mathematics. As a by-product of this implementation, a proposal called "Remedial Action Program" (Spanish acronym, PAR), is presented in this article, the purpose of which is to take advantage of STI's to level students' mathematical knowledge, thereby improving their chances to be admitted to, and retained in, the UTP. This proposal is structured around three programs for students with different mathematics profiles.
2017年至2018年,巴拿马理工大学通过智能辅导系统(ITS)提供微积分预科课程。结果分析表明,学生与ITS学习模块的互动有助于知识水平的提高和数学成绩的提高。作为这一实施的副产品,本文提出了一项名为“补救行动计划”(西班牙语缩写,PAR)的建议,其目的是利用STI来提高学生的数学知识水平,从而提高他们被UTP录取和保留的机会。该方案围绕三个不同数学背景的学生的课程进行设计。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2019 7th International Engineering, Sciences and Technology Conference (IESTEC)
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