Pub Date : 2022-11-14DOI: 10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2209060
Oyerinde Oyewole Olusesan, Olaoye Titilayo Abike, O. Abiola, Oyerinde Oluwayemisi Irene, George Glory Chinyere, A. Ayodele
Sedentary behavior and lack of physical exercise are one of the strongest risk factors for many chronic diseases and conditions, including cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, colon cancer, and depression. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the combined and relative effect of socio-demographic characteristics and physical exercise (PE) training on the cardiovascular health of freshmen of Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria. The study was a quasi-experimental study that employed both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. An all-inclusive sampling method was used to select all 72 volunteers for a pre-exercise medical evaluation, and questionnaires were administered to 600 volunteers for pre and post-data. The respondents were treated with a six-week dose of regular daily selected physical activities. The post-test was conducted, recorded, and subjected to statistical analysis using inferential statistics. The mean age was 18±1.89 with the age of 17 forming the largest group, i.e., 218 (36.3%). Females, 379(65.2%), were slightly more than their male counterparts, 221 (36.8%). The results of pre-exercise showed that some, 9 (12.2%), had normal body temperature. The respondents who were obese and over-weighted were 25 (33.8) and 20 (27.1), and respondents with high mean arterial pressure were 15 (20.3), respectively. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) of the respondents tested showed no significant difference (P>0.05) between the mean age, sex and marital status with respect to the blood sugar level, body temperature and the body mass index. MAP and irregular participation in physical activities were significant (P<0.05) among this group of students. The knowledge mean score (KMS) of 19.37±6.035 was high compared to a 27-point scale. There was no significant relationship between df=2, F=1.566 and P>0.005. Some, 160 (26.7%), had excellent overall physical health, and 173 (28.8%) had good overall physical health. There were significant interactional effects (F= 59.276, mean score within group 1.60, df 2, p = .000, R = -282) between groups and time for perceived benefits, interpersonal norms, social support, counter heart conditioning, stimulus control, and overall time spent on being physically active per week. In conclusion, a correlation was observed between the predictive factors and cardiovascular diseases; it was recommended that all students should be encouraged to engage in regular PE at a level appropriate to their capacities, needs, and interests to maintain optimal cardiovascular health status.
久坐行为和缺乏体育锻炼是许多慢性疾病和病症的最大危险因素之一，包括心血管疾病、高血压、糖尿病、肥胖、骨质疏松症、结肠癌和抑郁症。因此，本研究的目的是评估社会人口学特征和体育锻炼(PE)训练对尼日利亚奥根州Ilishan-Remo巴布科克大学新生心血管健康的综合和相对影响。本研究为准实验研究，采用定性和定量两种数据收集方法。采用全包抽样方法对72名志愿者进行运动前医学评估，并对600名志愿者进行问卷调查，获取运动前和运动后的数据。受访者接受了为期六周的定期选择的日常体育活动治疗。进行后测，记录，并使用推理统计进行统计分析。平均年龄为18±1.89岁，其中17岁最多，218人(36.3%)。女性379人(65.2%)略高于男性221人(36.8%)。运动前结果显示，9人(12.2%)体温正常。肥胖25例(33.8例)，超重20例(27.1例)，平均动脉压高15例(20.3例)。被测者的平均动脉压(MAP)在平均年龄、性别、婚姻状况、血糖水平、体温和体重指数方面无显著差异(P>0.05)。MAP与不规律参加体育活动差异有统计学意义(P0.005)。160人(26.7%)整体身体健康状况良好，173人(28.8%)整体身体健康状况良好。组与感知利益、人际规范、社会支持、反心脏调节、刺激控制和每周总的体育活动时间之间存在显著的相互作用效应(F= 59.276，组内平均得分1.60,df 2, p = 0.000, R = -282)。综上所述，预测因素与心血管疾病存在相关性;建议应鼓励所有学生定期参加适合其能力、需求和兴趣的体育锻炼，以保持最佳的心血管健康状态。
{"title":"Effect of Socio-demographic Factors and Physical Exercise Training on Cardiovascular Health: Case Study of Fresh Students of Babcock University Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria","authors":"Oyerinde Oyewole Olusesan, Olaoye Titilayo Abike, O. Abiola, Oyerinde Oluwayemisi Irene, George Glory Chinyere, A. Ayodele","doi":"10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2209060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2209060","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Sedentary behavior and lack of physical exercise are one of the strongest risk factors for many chronic diseases and conditions, including cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, colon cancer, and depression. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the combined and relative effect of socio-demographic characteristics and physical exercise (PE) training on the cardiovascular health of freshmen of Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study was a quasi-experimental study that employed both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. An all-inclusive sampling method was used to select all 72 volunteers for a pre-exercise medical evaluation, and questionnaires were administered to 600 volunteers for pre and post-data. The respondents were treated with a six-week dose of regular daily selected physical activities. The post-test was conducted, recorded, and subjected to statistical analysis using inferential statistics.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The mean age was 18±1.89 with the age of 17 forming the largest group, i.e., 218 (36.3%). Females, 379(65.2%), were slightly more than their male counterparts, 221 (36.8%). The results of pre-exercise showed that some, 9 (12.2%), had normal body temperature. The respondents who were obese and over-weighted were 25 (33.8) and 20 (27.1), and respondents with high mean arterial pressure were 15 (20.3), respectively. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) of the respondents tested showed no significant difference (P>0.05) between the mean age, sex and marital status with respect to the blood sugar level, body temperature and the body mass index. MAP and irregular participation in physical activities were significant (P<0.05) among this group of students. The knowledge mean score (KMS) of 19.37±6.035 was high compared to a 27-point scale. There was no significant relationship between df=2, F=1.566 and P>0.005. Some, 160 (26.7%), had excellent overall physical health, and 173 (28.8%) had good overall physical health. There were significant interactional effects (F= 59.276, mean score within group 1.60, df 2, p = .000, R = -282) between groups and time for perceived benefits, interpersonal norms, social support, counter heart conditioning, stimulus control, and overall time spent on being physically active per week.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In conclusion, a correlation was observed between the predictive factors and cardiovascular diseases; it was recommended that all students should be encouraged to engage in regular PE at a level appropriate to their capacities, needs, and interests to maintain optimal cardiovascular health status.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46155338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-03DOI: 10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2208310
Mario Sánchez, J. Sánchez-Sánchez, Luis Bermejo-Martín, María Villa Del Bosque, J. Moran, B. Romero-Moraleda, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
Youth female soccer players require high muscular power to overcome their opponents. Jump training can facilitate improvements in muscular power as has been demonstrated in youth male soccer players. However, studies in female players are comparatively scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a jump-training program, as compared to soccer training alone, on the physical fitness of youth female soccer players. Fourteen physically active youth female soccer players (age: 16.0±2.2 years) were randomly divided into a jump-training group (n=8) or control group (n=6). Before and after a 4-week intervention period, the players were assessed with a countermovement jump (CMJ) test, multiple 4-bounds test (4BT), a 20-m sprint, maximal kicking velocity (MKV) and the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test (level 1; Yo-Yo IR1). No significant changes in any of the dependent variables were noted in the control group, although small effect sizes were observed in CMJ (ES=0.33) and 4BT (ES=0.27). In contrast, the jump training group achieved significant improvements in CMJ (p=0.001; ES=0.85), 4BT (p=0.002; ES=1.01) and MKV (p=0.027; ES=0.77), with small to medium effect sizes observed in the 20-m sprint (p=0.069; ES=0.59) and Yo-Yo IR1 (p=0.299; ES=0.20) tests. Compared to regular soccer training that induced only small improvements in CMJ and 4BT, a jump training intervention resulted in small to large improvements in the physical fitness of youth female soccer players with changes seen in CMJ, 4BT, 20-m sprint, MKV, and Yo-Yo IR1.
{"title":"Effects Of Jump Training On Youth Female Soccer Player’s Physical Fitness","authors":"Mario Sánchez, J. Sánchez-Sánchez, Luis Bermejo-Martín, María Villa Del Bosque, J. Moran, B. Romero-Moraleda, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo","doi":"10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2208310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2208310","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Youth female soccer players require high muscular power to overcome their opponents. Jump training can facilitate improvements in muscular power as has been demonstrated in youth male soccer players. However, studies in female players are comparatively scarce.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a jump-training program, as compared to soccer training alone, on the physical fitness of youth female soccer players.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Fourteen physically active youth female soccer players (age: 16.0±2.2 years) were randomly divided into a jump-training group (n=8) or control group (n=6). Before and after a 4-week intervention period, the players were assessed with a countermovement jump (CMJ) test, multiple 4-bounds test (4BT), a 20-m sprint, maximal kicking velocity (MKV) and the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test (level 1; Yo-Yo IR1).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 No significant changes in any of the dependent variables were noted in the control group, although small effect sizes were observed in CMJ (ES=0.33) and 4BT (ES=0.27). In contrast, the jump training group achieved significant improvements in CMJ (p=0.001; ES=0.85), 4BT (p=0.002; ES=1.01) and MKV (p=0.027; ES=0.77), with small to medium effect sizes observed in the 20-m sprint (p=0.069; ES=0.59) and Yo-Yo IR1 (p=0.299; ES=0.20) tests.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Compared to regular soccer training that induced only small improvements in CMJ and 4BT, a jump training intervention resulted in small to large improvements in the physical fitness of youth female soccer players with changes seen in CMJ, 4BT, 20-m sprint, MKV, and Yo-Yo IR1.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46831998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2208150
Tyler Garner, M. Ricard
Manual wheelchair braking induces an upper body angular impulse which must be controlled by joint moments to prevent a forward fall. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of trunk functional capacity (low, high) on the rate of change in sagittal plane upper body angular momentum during manual wheelchair braking. Eight wheelchair users (4 low function, 4 high function) completed 10 trials of abrupt wheelchair braking. Trunk segment angles and abdominal joint angles, and normalized upper-body angular impulses were computed for each trial. Linear mixed effects models with initial velocity as a covariate were used to determine differences between groups. The low function group had a higher angular impulse than the high function group with a mean difference (MD) ± SE of 1.59 ± 0.65 N∙m∙s/kg/m2, with a 95% CI 0.287 to 2.89, p = 0.018. The low function group also had a higher trunk segment extension angle, MD = –13.98 degrees, 95% CI: –26.27 to –1.69, p = .027. The low function group employed a greater trunk segment range of motion during braking when compared to the high function group, MD = 12.14 degrees, 95% CI: –24.48 to 0.21, p = 0.054. Lower trunk functional capacity wheelchair users had a higher fall risk during braking. Wheelchair users with less trunk function may be at increased risk of suffering a fall when bringing their wheelchair to an abrupt stop due to an impaired ability to arrest angular momentum.
{"title":"Effects of Trunk Functional Capacity on the Control of Angular Momentum During Manual Wheelchair Braking","authors":"Tyler Garner, M. Ricard","doi":"10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2208150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2208150","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Manual wheelchair braking induces an upper body angular impulse which must be controlled by joint moments to prevent a forward fall.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of trunk functional capacity (low, high) on the rate of change in sagittal plane upper body angular momentum during manual wheelchair braking.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Eight wheelchair users (4 low function, 4 high function) completed 10 trials of abrupt wheelchair braking. Trunk segment angles and abdominal joint angles, and normalized upper-body angular impulses were computed for each trial. Linear mixed effects models with initial velocity as a covariate were used to determine differences between groups.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The low function group had a higher angular impulse than the high function group with a mean difference (MD) ± SE of 1.59 ± 0.65 N∙m∙s/kg/m2, with a 95% CI 0.287 to 2.89, p = 0.018. The low function group also had a higher trunk segment extension angle, MD = –13.98 degrees, 95% CI: –26.27 to –1.69, p = .027. The low function group employed a greater trunk segment range of motion during braking when compared to the high function group, MD = 12.14 degrees, 95% CI: –24.48 to 0.21, p = 0.054. Lower trunk functional capacity wheelchair users had a higher fall risk during braking.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Wheelchair users with less trunk function may be at increased risk of suffering a fall when bringing their wheelchair to an abrupt stop due to an impaired ability to arrest angular momentum.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46087483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.2174/1875399x-v15-e221031-2022-34
Majed M. Alhumaid
The purpose of this study was to examine Saudi Arabian physical educators’ attitudes toward teaching students with disabilities in inclusive physical education settings, and to examine the factors that affect such attitudes. In recent years, inclusion has become an educational system implemented in many countries of the world, and teachers' attitudes towards this system are considered one of the most important factors to ensure its success. The purpose of this study was to examine Saudi Arabian physical educators’ attitudes toward teaching students with disabilities in inclusive physical education settings, and to examine the factors that affect such attitudes. A total of 1,303 physical educators (Mage = 40.07, SD = 9.30) completed the Arabic version of the Sentiments, Attitudes and Concerns about Inclusive Education-Revised Scale (SACIE-R). Despite the moderately positive attitudes developed by physical educators, females reported more positive attitudes toward inclusion than males. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that three personal factors (i.e., gender, previous participation in training courses to teach students with disabilities, and knowledge of the Saudi educational legislation or policy) were significant predictors of physical educators’ attitudes toward such inclusion. The findings provide a database that Saudi Arabian educational decision makers can refer to when designing teacher preparation programs in universities and educational institutions.
{"title":"Predictors of Physical Educators' Attitudes toward including Students with Disabilities in Inclusive Classes","authors":"Majed M. Alhumaid","doi":"10.2174/1875399x-v15-e221031-2022-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399x-v15-e221031-2022-34","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The purpose of this study was to examine Saudi Arabian physical educators’ attitudes toward teaching students with disabilities in inclusive physical education settings, and to examine the factors that affect such attitudes.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In recent years, inclusion has become an educational system implemented in many countries of the world, and teachers' attitudes towards this system are considered one of the most important factors to ensure its success.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The purpose of this study was to examine Saudi Arabian physical educators’ attitudes toward teaching students with disabilities in inclusive physical education settings, and to examine the factors that affect such attitudes.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A total of 1,303 physical educators (Mage = 40.07, SD = 9.30) completed the Arabic version of the Sentiments, Attitudes and Concerns about Inclusive Education-Revised Scale (SACIE-R).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Despite the moderately positive attitudes developed by physical educators, females reported more positive attitudes toward inclusion than males. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that three personal factors (i.e., gender, previous participation in training courses to teach students with disabilities, and knowledge of the Saudi educational legislation or policy) were significant predictors of physical educators’ attitudes toward such inclusion.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The findings provide a database that Saudi Arabian educational decision makers can refer to when designing teacher preparation programs in universities and educational institutions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44326623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-26DOI: 10.2174/1875399x-v15-e221026-2022-11
D. Marinho, T. Barbosa, Ari-Pekka Auvinen, Tiago J. Lopes, Antonio J. Silva, J. Morais
Smart technology, such as wearables, applied to sports analysis is essential for the performance enhancement. New technological equipment can promote the interaction between researchers, coaches, and athletes, facilitating the information exchange in real-time. The aim of this study was to present a new wearable equipment (SmartPaddle®) to measure kinematic and kinetic variables in swimming and understand the agreement of the propulsive force variable with a pressure sensor system. Four male university swimmers (age: 18.75±0.50 years-old, 71.55±6.80 kg of body mass, and 175.00±5.94 cm of height) were analyzed. The SmartPaddle® and a pressure sensor system were used to collect the kinetic data (propulsive force). The comparison between the propulsive force methods was based on t-test paired samples, simple linear regression, and Bland-Altman plots. SmartPaddle® is a system that consists of: (i) A wearable device; (ii) The Trainesense Session Manager mobile application for recording, and; (iii) The Analysis Center for analysis and data storage. It records a set of kinematic and kinetic parameters useful for coaches on a daily basis. The comparison between the different methods revealed non-significant differences and a very-high relationship. SmartPaddle® is a feasible wearable device that can be used by swimmers to provide immediate data about their kinematic and kinetic profile. Coaches can easily monitor these parameters and give immediate suggestions to their swimmers on a daily basis.
{"title":"Smartpaddle® as a New Tool for Monitoring Swimmers’ Kinematic and Kinetic Variables in Real Time","authors":"D. Marinho, T. Barbosa, Ari-Pekka Auvinen, Tiago J. Lopes, Antonio J. Silva, J. Morais","doi":"10.2174/1875399x-v15-e221026-2022-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399x-v15-e221026-2022-11","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Smart technology, such as wearables, applied to sports analysis is essential for the performance enhancement. New technological equipment can promote the interaction between researchers, coaches, and athletes, facilitating the information exchange in real-time.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The aim of this study was to present a new wearable equipment (SmartPaddle®) to measure kinematic and kinetic variables in swimming and understand the agreement of the propulsive force variable with a pressure sensor system.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Four male university swimmers (age: 18.75±0.50 years-old, 71.55±6.80 kg of body mass, and 175.00±5.94 cm of height) were analyzed. The SmartPaddle® and a pressure sensor system were used to collect the kinetic data (propulsive force). The comparison between the propulsive force methods was based on t-test paired samples, simple linear regression, and Bland-Altman plots.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 SmartPaddle® is a system that consists of: (i) A wearable device; (ii) The Trainesense Session Manager mobile application for recording, and; (iii) The Analysis Center for analysis and data storage. It records a set of kinematic and kinetic parameters useful for coaches on a daily basis. The comparison between the different methods revealed non-significant differences and a very-high relationship.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 SmartPaddle® is a feasible wearable device that can be used by swimmers to provide immediate data about their kinematic and kinetic profile. Coaches can easily monitor these parameters and give immediate suggestions to their swimmers on a daily basis.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48090761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-19DOI: 10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2208100
A. F. Giuliano, R. Correia, W. G. Feitosa, Lucas Beal, Ana Laura R. Cardoso, F. Castro
To compare and verify the agreement of the arm stroke efficiency (ȠF) results obtained by simplified (ȠFS) and three-dimensional (ȠF 3D) methods. Arm stroke efficiency (ȠF) estimates how much of the force applied by the swimmers’ upper limbs contribute to their propulsion. To estimate ȠF, in front crawl stroke, three-dimensional (ȠF3D) and simplified (ȠFS) methods are highlighted. To verify if different methods estimate similar arm stroke efficiency values. Ten male swimmers (age: 21.5 ± 2.6 years; height: 1.78 ± 0.05 m; competitive swimming experience: 12.2 ± 5.0 years) were tested in three 25 m front crawl stroke bouts at low, moderate, and high intensities. The ȠF data were obtained after collecting swimming images with six synchronized cameras and later analyzed in motion reconstruction software. The mean results of ȠF, respectively for ȠF3D and ȠFS, were: 34.7±2.1% and 47.4±6.4% at a low; 34.8±2.7% and 42.3±3.3% in moderate; and 33.1±2.6% and 32.4±2.9% at high intensity. Along the intensities, ȠF remained similar with ȠF3D and reduced with ȠFS. ȠF was lower with ȠF3D than with ȠFS at low and moderate intensities (p < 0.05) and similar at maximum intensity (p > 0.05). At maximum intensity, the ȠF values agree between the methods. The results obtained by both methods were not fully similar. ȠF3D and ȠFS results agree just at high intensity. The differences between the methods may be due to the different variables used to measure ȠF, stroke rate in the ȠFS and three-dimensional hand velocity in the ȠF3D.
{"title":"Comparison and Agreement between Simplified and Three-dimensional Methods for Estimating the Front Crawl Stroke Arm Stroke Efficiency","authors":"A. F. Giuliano, R. Correia, W. G. Feitosa, Lucas Beal, Ana Laura R. Cardoso, F. Castro","doi":"10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2208100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2208100","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 To compare and verify the agreement of the arm stroke efficiency (ȠF) results obtained by simplified (ȠFS) and three-dimensional (ȠF 3D) methods.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Arm stroke efficiency (ȠF) estimates how much of the force applied by the swimmers’ upper limbs contribute to their propulsion. To estimate ȠF, in front crawl stroke, three-dimensional (ȠF3D) and simplified (ȠFS) methods are highlighted.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To verify if different methods estimate similar arm stroke efficiency values.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Ten male swimmers (age: 21.5 ± 2.6 years; height: 1.78 ± 0.05 m; competitive swimming experience: 12.2 ± 5.0 years) were tested in three 25 m front crawl stroke bouts at low, moderate, and high intensities. The ȠF data were obtained after collecting swimming images with six synchronized cameras and later analyzed in motion reconstruction software.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The mean results of ȠF, respectively for ȠF3D and ȠFS, were: 34.7±2.1% and 47.4±6.4% at a low; 34.8±2.7% and 42.3±3.3% in moderate; and 33.1±2.6% and 32.4±2.9% at high intensity. Along the intensities, ȠF remained similar with ȠF3D and reduced with ȠFS. ȠF was lower with ȠF3D than with ȠFS at low and moderate intensities (p < 0.05) and similar at maximum intensity (p > 0.05).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 At maximum intensity, the ȠF values agree between the methods. The results obtained by both methods were not fully similar. ȠF3D and ȠFS results agree just at high intensity. The differences between the methods may be due to the different variables used to measure ȠF, stroke rate in the ȠFS and three-dimensional hand velocity in the ȠF3D.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45149432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-13DOI: 10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2207200
K. Yatabe, N. Yui, Satomi Kasuya, Ryota Muroi, Rumiko Inoue, S. Somemura, K. Ashikaga, Fumiko Terawaki, Hisao Miyano, Konomi Sato, K. Yudoh, H. Fujiya
Professional dancers are committed to dancing despite their injuries and mood changes. Therefore, dancers’ balance ability should be evaluated as an objective indicator of the quality of their dance/dancing ability. We aimed to examine the relationship between the balance ability of professional ballet dancers and their psychological traits and states by serotonin polymorphism, using pressure and center of gravity sensors. Five female professional dancers participated in this three-month longitudinal pilot study. The dancers’ stress status was assessed each month on three conditional days to gauge stress conditions. Before and after their standard warm-up exercises, the dancers’ center of gravity was assessed while standing and posing in ballet-specific positions, and psychological questionnaire surveys were conducted to assess the level of anxiety and objective stress. After all observations were completed, serotonin polymorphism was analyzed as one of the psychological traits. All participants possessed the s/s-type (short type) serotonin transporter gene promoter polymorphism, indicating high sensitivity to stress. Their average trait anxiety score was 50.80±8.47. However, all participants were able to be calm, had no injuries, and maintained a stable center of gravity throughout the study period. Throughout the study, from ordinary practice to the time of the approaching ballet performance, the participants maintained stable balance ability regardless of their psychological traits and states of mind. It is unlikely that reactions to stress and psychological traits affected professional dancers’ physicality. Thus, continuous assessment of the balance between mental and physical aspects enhances performance management.
{"title":"Professional Ballet Dancers’ Balance Ability and Psychological Traits and States: A Longitudinal Pilot Study","authors":"K. Yatabe, N. Yui, Satomi Kasuya, Ryota Muroi, Rumiko Inoue, S. Somemura, K. Ashikaga, Fumiko Terawaki, Hisao Miyano, Konomi Sato, K. Yudoh, H. Fujiya","doi":"10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2207200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2207200","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Professional dancers are committed to dancing despite their injuries and mood changes. Therefore, dancers’ balance ability should be evaluated as an objective indicator of the quality of their dance/dancing ability.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We aimed to examine the relationship between the balance ability of professional ballet dancers and their psychological traits and states by serotonin polymorphism, using pressure and center of gravity sensors.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Five female professional dancers participated in this three-month longitudinal pilot study. The dancers’ stress status was assessed each month on three conditional days to gauge stress conditions. Before and after their standard warm-up exercises, the dancers’ center of gravity was assessed while standing and posing in ballet-specific positions, and psychological questionnaire surveys were conducted to assess the level of anxiety and objective stress. After all observations were completed, serotonin polymorphism was analyzed as one of the psychological traits.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 All participants possessed the s/s-type (short type) serotonin transporter gene promoter polymorphism, indicating high sensitivity to stress. Their average trait anxiety score was 50.80±8.47. However, all participants were able to be calm, had no injuries, and maintained a stable center of gravity throughout the study period.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Throughout the study, from ordinary practice to the time of the approaching ballet performance, the participants maintained stable balance ability regardless of their psychological traits and states of mind. It is unlikely that reactions to stress and psychological traits affected professional dancers’ physicality. Thus, continuous assessment of the balance between mental and physical aspects enhances performance management.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43571744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-07DOI: 10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2208101
Jason C. Santos, M. Sagas
Considering that college student-athletes spend a lot of time attending to academic and athletic tasks, their well-being can be compromised. Published literature on the impact of time demands on the well-being of college student-athletes is limited. Hence, the scholarly place of the current study is warranted. This research investigated the effects of academic time use and athletic time use on the subjective, emotional, and physical well-being of college student-athletes. A subset of the NCAA GOALS data, which included 5,042 student-athletes, was utilized. Two research questions were examined: (1) to what extent does academic time use predict subjective, emotional, and physical well-being? and (2) to what extent does athletic time use predict subjective, emotional, and physical well-being? and (2) to what extent does athletic time use predict subjective, emotional, and physical well-being? A series of two-step hierarchical regression analyses were performed. Race, gender, and NCAA division level were used as control variables. Results revealed that academic time use is a significant positive predictor of subjective well-being. Moreover, athletic time use is also a significant predictor of all well-being indicators. It positively predicted subjective well-being but negatively predicted emotional and physical well-being. Our findings showed that both academic and athletic time utilizations are significant predictors of subjective well-being but in varying directions.
{"title":"Effects of Time Utilization on the Well-being of College Athletes","authors":"Jason C. Santos, M. Sagas","doi":"10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2208101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2208101","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Considering that college student-athletes spend a lot of time attending to academic and athletic tasks, their well-being can be compromised. Published literature on the impact of time demands on the well-being of college student-athletes is limited. Hence, the scholarly place of the current study is warranted.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This research investigated the effects of academic time use and athletic time use on the subjective, emotional, and physical well-being of college student-athletes.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A subset of the NCAA GOALS data, which included 5,042 student-athletes, was utilized. Two research questions were examined: (1) to what extent does academic time use predict subjective, emotional, and physical well-being? and (2) to what extent does athletic time use predict subjective, emotional, and physical well-being? and (2) to what extent does athletic time use predict subjective, emotional, and physical well-being? A series of two-step hierarchical regression analyses were performed. Race, gender, and NCAA division level were used as control variables.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Results revealed that academic time use is a significant positive predictor of subjective well-being. Moreover, athletic time use is also a significant predictor of all well-being indicators. It positively predicted subjective well-being but negatively predicted emotional and physical well-being.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Our findings showed that both academic and athletic time utilizations are significant predictors of subjective well-being but in varying directions.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47420717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-26DOI: 10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2208020
P. Nikolaidis, D. Marinho
Body mass and height are major anthropometric characteristics used to profile athletes’ characteristics. The importance of these variables is highlighted in several scientific papers, where reporting body mass and height in both abstract and main text (methods section) of scientific papers is highly recommended by journals’ editors. A widely used index describing the relationship between body mass and height is body mass index (BMI). Although there is a consensus for reporting body mass and height of athletes in research, BMI is rarely presented. The aim of the present editorial is to provide evidence supporting the decision about whether BMI should be reported in the abstract and main text.
{"title":"Editorial: Should BMI be Reported in a Paper’s Abstract?","authors":"P. Nikolaidis, D. Marinho","doi":"10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2208020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2208020","url":null,"abstract":"Body mass and height are major anthropometric characteristics used to profile athletes’ characteristics. The importance of these variables is highlighted in several scientific papers, where reporting body mass and height in both abstract and main text (methods section) of scientific papers is highly recommended by journals’ editors. A widely used index describing the relationship between body mass and height is body mass index (BMI). Although there is a consensus for reporting body mass and height of athletes in research, BMI is rarely presented. The aim of the present editorial is to provide evidence supporting the decision about whether BMI should be reported in the abstract and main text.","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44167998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-23DOI: 10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2207140
Oleksii V. Tymoshenko, Zhanna Domina, T. Malechko, Tatiana Nesterova, O. Korkh-Cherba, M. Redkina, L. Konovalska, T. Poluliashchenko, O. Soltyk, Iryna Shkilna, K. Prontenko, I. Bloshchynskyi
The article presents the technology of using technical equipment to develop the accuracy of ballistic movements, spatial-dynamic sensitivity during ballthrows and rebounds, as well as speed and strength qualities to improve jumping movements, implementation of fast breakthroughs, strong and long passes in basketball. The research involved 96 female students aged 17-23 years forming the experimental (EG, n = 54) and control (CG, n = 42) groups. The female students of EG played basketball in the conditions of group physical education training sessions using the exercise machines developed by us, and the female students of the CG were engaged in basketball playing according to the traditional program without the use of developed exercise machines and had an initial level of basketball technique. The EG was divided into EG1 (n = 37) and EG2 (n = 17) subgroups, which included female students having initial and high levels of basketball technique mastery, respectively. Female basketball players with an initial level of training (EG1 and СG) had experience of up to 3 years, athletes with a high level of training (EG2) - playing experience of more than 10 years. The technology of technical equipment application in basketball is built on the basis of the use of designed portable exercise machines to implement the tasks of motor and technical training of female basketball players of different levels of training. The results of the conducted experiment showed that the accuracy of throws from the average distance increased by 40.9% and 29.4% in the EG1 and EG2 female students, and it grew by 9.9% in the CG; from the long distance – by 61.5%, 37.0% and 31.3% respectively; the level of development of speed and strength qualities of female students of all groups improved i. e. the rate of growth in the results of the long jump made 9.7%, 3.2% and 6.5%, respectively; the rate of growth in the results of the high jump made 20.0%, 6.3% and 8.7%, respectively. Experimental testing of the technology of using designed exercise machines for the development of motor skills of female basketball students confirmed its effectiveness in terms of improving the spatial and dynamic accuracy of movement, speed and strength, as well as game performance of basketball players at competitions of various levels.
{"title":"Developing Female Students’ Motor Skills and Improving Basketball Playing Techniques by Means of Special Exercise Machines","authors":"Oleksii V. Tymoshenko, Zhanna Domina, T. Malechko, Tatiana Nesterova, O. Korkh-Cherba, M. Redkina, L. Konovalska, T. Poluliashchenko, O. Soltyk, Iryna Shkilna, K. Prontenko, I. Bloshchynskyi","doi":"10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2207140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399x-v15-e2207140","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The article presents the technology of using technical equipment to develop the accuracy of ballistic movements, spatial-dynamic sensitivity during ballthrows and rebounds, as well as speed and strength qualities to improve jumping movements, implementation of fast breakthroughs, strong and long passes in basketball.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The research involved 96 female students aged 17-23 years forming the experimental (EG, n = 54) and control (CG, n = 42) groups. The female students of EG played basketball in the conditions of group physical education training sessions using the exercise machines developed by us, and the female students of the CG were engaged in basketball playing according to the traditional program without the use of developed exercise machines and had an initial level of basketball technique. The EG was divided into EG1 (n = 37) and EG2 (n = 17) subgroups, which included female students having initial and high levels of basketball technique mastery, respectively. Female basketball players with an initial level of training (EG1 and СG) had experience of up to 3 years, athletes with a high level of training (EG2) - playing experience of more than 10 years. The technology of technical equipment application in basketball is built on the basis of the use of designed portable exercise machines to implement the tasks of motor and technical training of female basketball players of different levels of training.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The results of the conducted experiment showed that the accuracy of throws from the average distance increased by 40.9% and 29.4% in the EG1 and EG2 female students, and it grew by 9.9% in the CG; from the long distance – by 61.5%, 37.0% and 31.3% respectively; the level of development of speed and strength qualities of female students of all groups improved i. e. the rate of growth in the results of the long jump made 9.7%, 3.2% and 6.5%, respectively; the rate of growth in the results of the high jump made 20.0%, 6.3% and 8.7%, respectively.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Experimental testing of the technology of using designed exercise machines for the development of motor skills of female basketball students confirmed its effectiveness in terms of improving the spatial and dynamic accuracy of movement, speed and strength, as well as game performance of basketball players at competitions of various levels.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42138515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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