Open Urology and Nephrology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Long-Term Kidney Outcomes in High BMI Living Kidney Donors: A Narrative Review","authors":"Kalyani Murthy, Hannah Caldwell, M. A. Simpson","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01710010041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01710010041","url":null,"abstract":"s excluded (n=200) Articles included: (n=9) Lack of LKD kidney-related outcomes PubMed Search All abstracts reviewed. (n=295) Abstracts selected for full-text reading (n=95)s selected for full-text reading (n=95) Articles excluded: (n=86) 1. Review articles (n=26) 2. No BMI breakdown (n=16) 3. Missing baseline and/or follow-up data (n=16) 4. Follow-up <5 years (n=16) 5. Not in English (n=5) 6. Not LKD specific (n=5) 7. Duplicate data (n=2) 46 The Open Urology & Nephrology Journal, 2017, Volume 10 Murthy et al. [23]. Two multivariate models were tested to evaluate the risk of CKD and the effect of hypertension. In each model, they evaluated the role of BMI on specific outcomes. The eGFR was calculated using the Cystatin-C based formula of Rule. The average BMI at follow-up was 26.65±5.04 kg/m [23]. In the prospective study by Ibrahim et al, hypertension, kidney function, general health status, and quality of life were evaluated in 255 LKDs [24]. GFR was measured by iohexol clearance and estimated by MDRD. LKDs were matched to controls from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2004 and 2005-2006 [24]. Tavakol et al followed 98 LKDs with matched controls from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006 in a prospective study examining kidney-related outcomes [25]. The GFR was calculated using MDRD. They calculated total urine protein and albumin excretion (abnormal when values > 150 and 30 mg/d, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression and linear regression models helped determine the independent association between BMI at donation and kidney-related outcomes [25]. The prospective study of 46 LKDs by Taner et al evaluated the impact of older age, obesity, and hypertension on the compensatory response of the remaining kidney five years post donation [26]. The 11 obese LKDs and 9 hypertensive LKDs were compared to 16 standard LKDs. The mean BMI of obese LKDs was 38.1±2.2 kg/m compared to standard LKDs which 22.6±1.2 kg/m. GFR was measured by I-iothalamate clearance [26]. Kerkeni et al retrospectively evaluated 189 LKDs and assessed both post-operative and long-term consequences of nephrectomy based on BMI [27]. Outcomes for overweight and obese LKDs were compared to those with BMI <25 kg/m. The mean BMI at the time of donation was 26.5±4.8 kg/m, with 33% of LKDs being overweight and 21% obese. Kidney function was assessed by creatinine clearance [27]. The study by Gracida et al evaluated long-term kidney-related outcomes in 628 LKDs. There were 81 LKDs who were obese prior to donation and 16 with hypertension [28]. They compared outcomes with 422 LKDs without risk factors. Mean BMI was 32.8 kg/m in the obese group and 24.7 kg/m in the standard group. The kidney function was measured using creatinine clearance and the method of GFR calculation was not mentioned [28]. They did not report hypertension or proteinuria outcomes at follow-up. 3.1. Higher BMI and Kidney Function (CKD and ESRD) Having shown the da","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"41-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42984551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Patients Receiving Publicly Funded Renal Replacement Therapy in Brazil: Regional Inequities and Costs","authors":"A. C. S. D. S. Junior, Fernando das Mercês Lucas Junior, K. Farah, Ana Carolina Aguiar do Nascimento, J. L. Nogueira, C. Amaral, S. Kelles","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01710010034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01710010034","url":null,"abstract":"From 2008 to 2013 there was a 25% increase in the absolute number of hemodialysis sessions (10,022,962; 12,561,623). This resulted in an estimated overall increase of 18% in the ratio of patients on hemodialysis per million population (352 pmp; 416 pmp). There were considerable differences among Brazilian States regarding the prevalence of patients with ESRD on hemodialysis. In 2013, the prevalence ranged from 173 pmp (State of Amazonas) to 531 pmp (State of Minas Gerais). The leading Brazilian States, in absolute number of patients, were São Paulo (19,301), Minas Gerais (10,940) and Rio de Janeiro (8,510), all of them in the southeast region. In 2013, the overall mean mortality rate was 18.4%. From 2008 to 2013, the renal transplantation rate increased from 35.2 to 41.6 transplants per year per million inhabitants. In 2013, hemodialysis was the most frequent modality of therapy, corresponding to 87.1% of the cases, followed by CAPD (9.2%) and APD (3.7%).","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"34-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49500646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Membranous Nephropathy Associated with Atheroembolism","authors":"K. Uchiyama, T. Takemura, Y. Ishibashi","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01710010029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01710010029","url":null,"abstract":"Membranous nephropathy (MN) is one of the most common biopsy diagnoses in adults, and it has been associated with chronic infections, autoimmune diseases, malignancies, and drugs. However, MN associated with cholesterol crystal emboli has never been reported. Here we present a patient with MN as an unusual manifestation of atheroembolism. A 75-year-old man with worsening renal function after catheter ablation developed moderate proteinuria and underwent a renal biopsy. Findings on light, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy were all compatible with membranous nephropathy. Moreover, one occluded interlobular artery contained a pathognomonic, biconvex, needle-shaped cleft, which indicated a cholesterol crystal emboli. The degree of proteinuria was in parallel with the number of eosinophils, which indicated a close relationship between MN disease activity and renal atheroembolism. Hypereosinophilic syndrome secondary to atheroembolism may cause MN; thus, corticosteroid therapy was likely to be effective.","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"29-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47722273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community Acquired Acute Kidney Injury from Edible Agents: Report from a Developing Country, Bangladesh","authors":"T. Samad, W. Haque, M. A. Rahim, S. Iqbal, P. Mitra","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01710010020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01710010020","url":null,"abstract":"Toxin is a common cause of community acquired acute kidney injury (AKI) which includes environmental toxins like plant toxins as well as various drugs and chemicals which are usually ingested for medicinal as well as recreational purposes. Averrhoa carambola (Star fruit/ Kamranga) and Avorrhoa bilimbi are two such commonly used traditional remedies. They belong to family Oxalidaecae and contain high-levels of oxalic acid. AKI may occur after consuming concentrated juice due to deposition of oxalate crystals in the renal tubules. Here we present two patients who developed AKI after ingestion of freshly made juice from A. bilimbi and star fruit. Both patients were diabetic and the juice was ingested on empty stomach with the belief of improving glycemic status. Initial presentation was GI upset in both scenarios. Patient with A. bilimbi toxicity had diabetic nephropathy and required hemodialysis. Renal biopsy revealed deposition of polarizable oxalate crystals in the patient who consumed A. bilimbi and acute tubular necrosis in the patient with star fruit toxicity. All cases regained normal renal function within three months. We also present a patient who ingested raw fish gallbladder as a remedy for asthma. The patient presented with AKI within five days of ingestion and required hemodialysis. His highest serum creatinine was 10.4mg/dl and fell to 1.7 mg/dl after four weeks. Cyprinol and related compounds in fish gallbladder are thought to be the cause of acute tubular necrosis in such cases. The fourth patient developed AKI with rhabdomyolysis after consuming a locally made energy drink. He also required dialysis and serum creatinine gradually improved from 7.2mg/dl to 1.4mg/dl at discharge. The possibility of toxicity of caffeine, adulteration with other chemicals or ascorbic acid toxicity causing oxalate nephropathy could not be excluded. All four patients developed AKI caused after ingesting easily available products and are presented here for public awareness. We believe proper knowledge and education can reduce toxin induced AKI in our society.","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"20-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48867540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single Nucleotide Variants in A Family of Monozygotic Twins Discordant for the Phenotype Congenital Megaureter: A Genomic Analysis","authors":"A. C. S. D. S. Junior, L. B. Rodrigues, R. G. Cardenas, P. G. Couto, L. Marco, E. A. Oliveira, D. Miranda, A. Silva","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01710010011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01710010011","url":null,"abstract":"RESEARCH ARTICLE Single Nucleotide Variants in A Family of Monozygotic Twins Discordant for the Phenotype Congenital Megaureter: A Genomic Analysis Augusto C. Soares dos Santos Junior, Luciana B. Rodrigues, Raony G. Corrêa Do Carmo Lisboa Cardenas, Patricia G.P. Couto, Luiz A. Cunha de Marco, Eduardo A. Oliveira, Debora M. de Miranda and Ana C. Simoes e Silva National Institute of Science and Technology Molecular Medicine [INCT-MM], Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais [UFMG], Minas Gerais, Brazil Nephrologist at Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais [HC-UFMG], Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares [EBSERH], Minas Gerais, Brazil Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Pediatric Nephrology, Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, UFMG, Minas Gerais, Brazil Department of Basic Life Sciences, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Brazil","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"11-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46488303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PMQR Determinants Expression in Gram-negative Uropathogens Clinically Isolated from Hospitalized Patients with Pyelonephritis in Kharkiv, Ukraine","authors":"O. Chub, A. Bilchenko, I. Teslenko","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01710010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01710010001","url":null,"abstract":"Resistance to beta-lactams and fluoroquinolones has been increasing in the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs), worldwide. Recent studies in Europe and the United States have demonstrated that steady increase in the rate of uropathogen’s resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics is associated with plasmid-mediated resistance genes existence. According to the published data, acquirеd rеsistance to quinolones is predоminantly mediated by plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants (PMQR) that cоmpromise the efficаcу of the first, second and third generation quinolones.","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43339155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polypoid Change of the Glomerular Basement Membrane in a Child with Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome and ARHGAP24 Mutation: A Case Report","authors":"A. Francis, J. Burke, L. Francis, S. McTaggart, A. Mallett","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01609010088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01609010088","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is increasingly recognised to have a genetic basis following the identification of a number of mutations within genes encoding podocyte and basement membrane proteins. The ARHGAP24 gene product is a recently recognised important player in podocyte interaction with the glomerular basement membrane. The ARHGAP24 gene encodes a protein involved in regulating cell motility, membrane structure and polarity. Mutations in the gene have been showin vitro to cause cell membrane ruffling. Case Presentation: We report a novel missense mutation in exon 4 (c.[284G>A]; p.[Arg95Gln]) of the ARHGAP24 gene in a child that presented with SRNS at four years of age. Renal biopsy demonstrated unusual polypoid changes of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). Conclusion: We propose this novel ARHGAP24 mutation as causative for SRNS associated with unusual polypoid basement membrane changes. These biopsy findings, in association with ARHGAP24 mutation and clinical nephrotic syndrome are a novel finding. This finding may advance the understanding of ARHGAP24 gene product function.","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"88-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68066563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation of Glomerular Podocytes by Cationic Colloidal Silica-coated Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles","authors":"A. Blutke","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01609010067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01609010067","url":null,"abstract":"Method: Here, a novel, antibody-free method for isolation of podocyte protein and RNA from mouse glomeruli is described. Preparations of isolated glomeruli were added to a suspension of cationic silica-coated colloidal ferromagnetic nanoparticles. The nanoparticles bound to the negatively charged cell surfaces of podocytes residing on the outer surface of the isolated glomeruli. After enzymatic and mechanical dissociation of glomerular cells, nanoparticle-coated podocytes were isolated in a magnetic field. The method was tested in adult wild-type mice without renal lesions and in mice of two nephropathy models (Growth hormone (GH)-transgenic mice and transgenic mice expressing a dominant negative receptor for the glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, GIPR) displaying albuminuria, glomerular hypertrophy and evidence for a reduced negative cell surface charge of podocytes.","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"67-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68067156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cross-Cultural Validation of a Quality of Life Measure Using the Simple Measure of the Impact of Lupus Erythematosus in Youngsters (SMILEY © ) among Filipino Pediatric Lupus Patients","authors":"J. M. Punzalan, B. Canonigo, M. Cabansag, D. Flores, P. J. Galutira, C. Bernal, R. Chan","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01609010060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01609010060","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is one of the most common autoimmune disorders in women of childbearing age. Simple Measure of Impact of Lupus Erythematosus in Youngsters (SMILEY) is the only health related quality of life (HRQOL) tool for pediatric SLE, which has been translated into many languages but is not yet available in Filipino. Objective: The primary objective of this study was to develop a Filipino translation of the SMILEY and to test the validity and reliability of this translation. Methodology: The SMILEY was translated into Filipino by a bilingual individual and back-translated by another bilingual individual blinded from the original English version. The translation was evaluated for content validity by a panel of experts and subjected to pilot testing. In the pilot, the SMILEY, together with the previously validated Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PEDSQL) 4.0 Generic Core Scale were administered to pediatric lupus patients and their parents on two separate occasions: a baseline and a re-test seven to fourteen days apart. Tests for convergent validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability were performed. Results: A total of fifty children and their parents were recruited. The mean age was 15.38±2.62 years (range 8-18 years), mean education level was high school. The mean duration of SLE was 28 months (range 1-81 months). Subjects found the questionnaires to be relevant, easy to understand and to answer. The validity of the SMILEY was demonstrated in terms of content validity, convergent validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. Age, socioeconomic status and educational attainment did not significantly impact the scores. The difference between scores reported by children and parents was significant with SMILEY Total ( p=0.0214), effect on Social Life ( p=0.0000), and PEDSQL Physical Function ( p=0.0460), with children reporting higher scores for these domains compared to their parents. Conclusion: SMILEY is a brief, easy to understand, valid and reliable tool for assessing specific HRQOL in pediatric SLE. It will be useful in providing better care, understanding and may offer critical information regarding the effect of SLE in the quality of life of our pediatric lupus patients. It will help physician understands the needs of their patient not only on treatment of the specific disease but as well as the impact of the treatment on their daily lives.","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"60-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68067085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual Function and Correlates in Women Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis in Cameroon: A Multi-centric Study","authors":"D. Teuwafeu, G. Ashuntantang, M. Essi, F. Kaze, M. Maimouna, J. Balepna, R. Gobina, A. Kengne, E. C. Ndjitoyap","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01609010051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01609010051","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of The Study: The aim of this study was to describe sexual function disorders and investigate associated factors in women on maintenance hemodialysis in Cameroon. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of three months duration (August-October 2014) in adult women on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) at three HD facilities in Cameroon. Patients with active psychiatric disease, infection or uncontrolled congestive heart failure were excluded. We use the Rosen questionnaire for evaluating female sexual function (FSFI), the Beck depression Inventory (BDI) and the short form (SF-36) of WHOQOL- BREF questionnaire to evaluate the quality of life (QOL). Logistic regressions were used to investigate the predictors of sexual function disorders. Results: We included 52 women with the mean age of 38±13 years (min-max: 18-69), with 31 (62%) being of child-bearing age (18-44 years). All participants had at least one sexual function abnormality including sexual dysfunction (75%), abnormalities of the menstrual cycle (83%), and sexual inactivity (30%). In women of child-bearing age, reported menstrual disorders were: irregular menses (45%), non-gravid amenorrhea (40%), oligo-menorrhea (25%), poly-menorrhea (25%), metrorrhagia (6%), and menorrhagia (3%). Ten of the 31 women had more than one menstrual disorder. Sexual dysfunction included: decreased sexual desire (56%), decreased sexual arousal (39%), decreased vaginal lubrication (49%), and failure to achieve orgasm (46%), sexual dissatisfaction (51%), and dyspareunia (36%). Advanced age ( p = 0.0046), depression ( p<0.0001), anemia ( p=0.0005) and poor quality of life were negatively associated with sexual dysfunction. Sexual inactivity ( p = 0.035) was equally associated with poor quality of life. Conclusion: Our results suggest that disorders of sexual function are common in women on maintenance hemodialysis, and are associated with depression, poor quality of life, advanced age, and anemia.","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"51-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68067070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}