Pub Date : 2019-07-31DOI: 10.2174/1874303X01912010033
A. Conjeevaram, A. Janardhana
{"title":"Everyday Cases in Nephrology","authors":"A. Conjeevaram, A. Janardhana","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01912010033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01912010033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48429257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-31DOI: 10.2174/1874303X01912010053
Anjana Ks, Raghunath Cn, C. Arvind
Pyrethroids are widely used as commercial and domestic insecticides due to their high effectiveness and low toxicity in humans and in medicine for the topical treatment of scabies and head lice. Prallethrin is a structural derivative of naturally occurring pyrethrin and active ingredient in liquid mosquito repellents. Acute human poisoning from exposure or ingestion of pyrethroids is rare because of poor dermal absorption and rapid metabolism with little tissue accumulation. Here we present a case of accidental Prallethrin poisoning(“ALL –OUT”, a liquid mosquito repellent) in a five year old child who had immediate complication as hypovolemic shock with aspiration pneumonia and delayed complications like acute kidney injury, with elevated liver enzymes, requiring renal replacement therapy and had an uneventful recovery.
{"title":"Acute Kidney Injury as a Rare Complication of Prallethrin Poisoning (“All-Out”) in a Child","authors":"Anjana Ks, Raghunath Cn, C. Arvind","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01912010053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01912010053","url":null,"abstract":"Pyrethroids are widely used as commercial and domestic insecticides due to their high effectiveness and low toxicity in humans and in medicine for the topical treatment of scabies and head lice. Prallethrin is a structural derivative of naturally occurring pyrethrin and active ingredient in liquid mosquito repellents. Acute human poisoning from exposure or ingestion of pyrethroids is rare because of poor dermal absorption and rapid metabolism with little tissue accumulation. Here we present a case of accidental Prallethrin poisoning(“ALL –OUT”, a liquid mosquito repellent) in a five year old child who had immediate complication as hypovolemic shock with aspiration pneumonia and delayed complications like acute kidney injury, with elevated liver enzymes, requiring renal replacement therapy and had an uneventful recovery.","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42235991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-31DOI: 10.2174/1874303X01912010056
M. Dassi, G. Aggarwal, L. Jha, N. Aggarwal
Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma is the commonest subtype of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. It may present with primary nodal or extranodal involvement. Up to 40% of patients present with primary extranodal involvement, the commonest involved sites being gastrointestinal tract, testes, central nervous system, thyroid, nose, sinuses, skin, breast, bone and respiratory tract. Skeletal Muscle is a rare site of primary lymphomatous involvement. We present a case of Diffuse Large B Cell lymphoma primarily involving the skeletal muscles and breast, initially managed as a case of acute pyogenic myositis with sepsis with Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome. In addition, the patient had hypercalcemia, cortical vein thrombosis, proteinuria and renal dysfunction, which were all speculated to be paraneoplastic in etiology.
{"title":"Primary Extranodal Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Masquerading As Acute Pyogenic Myositis: A Case Report","authors":"M. Dassi, G. Aggarwal, L. Jha, N. Aggarwal","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01912010056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01912010056","url":null,"abstract":"Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma is the commonest subtype of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. It may present with primary nodal or extranodal involvement. Up to 40% of patients present with primary extranodal involvement, the commonest involved sites being gastrointestinal tract, testes, central nervous system, thyroid, nose, sinuses, skin, breast, bone and respiratory tract. Skeletal Muscle is a rare site of primary lymphomatous involvement. We present a case of Diffuse Large B Cell lymphoma primarily involving the skeletal muscles and breast, initially managed as a case of acute pyogenic myositis with sepsis with Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome. In addition, the patient had hypercalcemia, cortical vein thrombosis, proteinuria and renal dysfunction, which were all speculated to be paraneoplastic in etiology.","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42457444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-31DOI: 10.2174/1874303X01912010023
S. Noorbakhsh, S. Nia, Z. Movahedi, Sarvenaz Ashouri
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the most common causes of hospital admission in our young population. This prospective cohort study was carried out to assess the relation of serum levels of zinc, vitamins A and D with UTI in children with proven UTI. The serum levels of Zinc, vitamins A and D were compared between 25 proven UTI cases (admitted in 2 educational hospitals in Tehran) and 40 controls without infection (children who had undergone for elective surgery). The average age of children was 2.17 years. Atomic absorption Spectrophotometry, Radioimmunoassay, and HPLC methods were used for measuring the Zinc, Vit D and A, respectively. Although the serum levels of zinc were significantly lower in UTI cases (P=0.05), no significant differences had observed between cases and controls for vitamins A and D in sera (P=0.4 and P=0.9). Due to established lower zinc level in UTI cases (p-value = 0.05), zinc deficiency might have a role in susceptibility to UTI in studied children. Administration of zinc could be helpful in preventing UTI. To establish the role of Vitamins A and D in vulnerability to UTI, further extensive research with larger samples is needed. Due to established lower zinc level in UTI cases (p-value = 0.05), zinc deficiency might have a role in susceptibility to UTI in studied children. Administration of zinc could be helpful in preventing UTI. To establish the role of Vitamins A and D in vulnerability to UTI, further extensive research with larger samples is needed.
{"title":"Does the Trace Element Deficiency (Vit A, D & Zinc) Have Any Role in Vulnerability to Urinary Tract Infection in Children: A Case-Control Study: Tehran, Iran","authors":"S. Noorbakhsh, S. Nia, Z. Movahedi, Sarvenaz Ashouri","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01912010023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01912010023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the most common causes of hospital admission in our young population. This prospective cohort study was carried out to assess the relation of serum levels of zinc, vitamins A and D with UTI in children with proven UTI.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The serum levels of Zinc, vitamins A and D were compared between 25 proven UTI cases (admitted in 2 educational hospitals in Tehran) and 40 controls without infection (children who had undergone for elective surgery). The average age of children was 2.17 years. Atomic absorption Spectrophotometry, Radioimmunoassay, and HPLC methods were used for measuring the Zinc, Vit D and A, respectively.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Although the serum levels of zinc were significantly lower in UTI cases (P=0.05), no significant differences had observed between cases and controls for vitamins A and D in sera (P=0.4 and P=0.9).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Due to established lower zinc level in UTI cases (p-value = 0.05), zinc deficiency might have a role in susceptibility to UTI in studied children. Administration of zinc could be helpful in preventing UTI. To establish the role of Vitamins A and D in vulnerability to UTI, further extensive research with larger samples is needed.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Due to established lower zinc level in UTI cases (p-value = 0.05), zinc deficiency might have a role in susceptibility to UTI in studied children. Administration of zinc could be helpful in preventing UTI. To establish the role of Vitamins A and D in vulnerability to UTI, further extensive research with larger samples is needed.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43812659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-31DOI: 10.2174/1874303X01912010049
N. Basnet, B. Pantha, S. Acharya, Barsha Shrestha, R. Kafle
Wasp stings occur commonly and uncomplicated cases are generally managed at local health centers. Complicated cases are referred to tertiary hospitals for multi-specialty care. We report a case of a 30-year old gentleman from a remote center in Nepal who had multiple wasp stings and developed oligo-anuric acute kidney injury, liver failure, and rhabdomyolysis. He was promptly referred to our hospital after initial resuscitation. At our hospital, he was treated with intensive conventional supportive care and specific organ-supportive care including N-Acetylcysteine infusion and hemodialysis. With the treatment given, the general condition of the patient as well as liver function improved within the first week. However, the recovery of kidney function and urine output lagged behind. The patient showed signs of improvement in kidney function at the end of the third week and completely recovered by the 40th day of treatment.
{"title":"A Case of Multiple Wasp Stings Causing Multi-organ Dysfunction Syndrome","authors":"N. Basnet, B. Pantha, S. Acharya, Barsha Shrestha, R. Kafle","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01912010049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01912010049","url":null,"abstract":"Wasp stings occur commonly and uncomplicated cases are generally managed at local health centers. Complicated cases are referred to tertiary hospitals for multi-specialty care. We report a case of a 30-year old gentleman from a remote center in Nepal who had multiple wasp stings and developed oligo-anuric acute kidney injury, liver failure, and rhabdomyolysis. He was promptly referred to our hospital after initial resuscitation. At our hospital, he was treated with intensive conventional supportive care and specific organ-supportive care including N-Acetylcysteine infusion and hemodialysis. With the treatment given, the general condition of the patient as well as liver function improved within the first week. However, the recovery of kidney function and urine output lagged behind. The patient showed signs of improvement in kidney function at the end of the third week and completely recovered by the 40th day of treatment.","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47755312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-31DOI: 10.2174/1874303X01912010041
A. Conjeevaram, P. Lohia, Ravishankar Gs, M. Vankalakunti
It is well known that patients with mechanical heart valves may develop sheer stress related hemolysis and consequent pigment related nephropathy. Warfarin Related Nephropathy (WRN) is a relatively new entity and defined as Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in the setting of an INR of > 3.0 excluding other obvious etiologies. A biopsy diagnosis of WRN is conducted when red blood cell casts are noted filling and blocking the tubules; additionally, glomerular hemorrhage may be observed. We describe a patient with mechanical heart valves on oral anticoagulation who developed both pigment nephropathy and WRN causing AKI.
{"title":"Double Whammy: Pigment Nephropathy and Warfarin-related Nephropathy As Aetiology for Acute Kidney Injury in a Patient With Mechanical Heart Valves","authors":"A. Conjeevaram, P. Lohia, Ravishankar Gs, M. Vankalakunti","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01912010041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01912010041","url":null,"abstract":"It is well known that patients with mechanical heart valves may develop sheer stress related hemolysis and consequent pigment related nephropathy. Warfarin Related Nephropathy (WRN) is a relatively new entity and defined as Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in the setting of an INR of > 3.0 excluding other obvious etiologies. A biopsy diagnosis of WRN is conducted when red blood cell casts are noted filling and blocking the tubules; additionally, glomerular hemorrhage may be observed. We describe a patient with mechanical heart valves on oral anticoagulation who developed both pigment nephropathy and WRN causing AKI.","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44350131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-31DOI: 10.2174/1874303X01912010035
M. Vankalakunti, A. Parekh, A. K. Thimmegowda, Rajanna Sreedhara
Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane (anti-GBM) crescentic glomerulonephritis developing in an allograft is a rare phenomenon. A patient with Alport syndrome receiving a renal transplant is at risk of developing anti-GBM glomerulonephritis, due to the absence of normal COL4α3, COL4α4 and COL4α5 trimer of the collagen network. Two unique challenges with planning kidney transplant in such a patient include- ideal donor selection; and risk of developing anti-GBM nephritis. We report a case of post-transplant anti-GBM crescentic glomerulonephritis in a female recipient with unknown native kidney disease who was diagnosed with Alport disease when she presented with hematuria and proteinuria nearly 2 years postrenal transplant. Allograft outcome in our case was unfavourable, patient reaching end-stage kidney disease within 6-month of diagnosis. The patient remains on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and currently active on the deceased donor transplant waiting list.
{"title":"A Case of Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Crescentic Glomerulonephritis in a Female Renal Allograft Recipient with Unknown Native Disease: Retrospective Molecular Confirmation of Alport Disease","authors":"M. Vankalakunti, A. Parekh, A. K. Thimmegowda, Rajanna Sreedhara","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01912010035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01912010035","url":null,"abstract":"Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane (anti-GBM) crescentic glomerulonephritis developing in an allograft is a rare phenomenon. A patient with Alport syndrome receiving a renal transplant is at risk of developing anti-GBM glomerulonephritis, due to the absence of normal COL4α3, COL4α4 and COL4α5 trimer of the collagen network. Two unique challenges with planning kidney transplant in such a patient include- ideal donor selection; and risk of developing anti-GBM nephritis. We report a case of post-transplant anti-GBM crescentic glomerulonephritis in a female recipient with unknown native kidney disease who was diagnosed with Alport disease when she presented with hematuria and proteinuria nearly 2 years postrenal transplant. Allograft outcome in our case was unfavourable, patient reaching end-stage kidney disease within 6-month of diagnosis. The patient remains on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and currently active on the deceased donor transplant waiting list.","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44810173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-31DOI: 10.2174/1874303X01912010045
Anupama Y.J., Chandrasekhar S.
Urosepsis presents an unusual diagnostic challenge in chronic dialysis patients who often are anuric. This leads to atypical presentations, delayed diagnosis and poor outcome. Here we present a case of an elderly diabetic patient with chronic kidney disease on maintenance haemodialysis who presented with lower limb pain initially and had no urinary complaints. The evaluation revealed the presence of extensive emphysematous pyelonephritis, cystitis and myositis. The unusual presentation is discussed along with a relevant review of the literature.
{"title":"A Rare Case of Co-occurrence of Emphysematous Cystitis and Emphysematous Myositis in a Haemodialysis Patient","authors":"Anupama Y.J., Chandrasekhar S.","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01912010045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01912010045","url":null,"abstract":"Urosepsis presents an unusual diagnostic challenge in chronic dialysis patients who often are anuric. This leads to atypical presentations, delayed diagnosis and poor outcome. Here we present a case of an elderly diabetic patient with chronic kidney disease on maintenance haemodialysis who presented with lower limb pain initially and had no urinary complaints. The evaluation revealed the presence of extensive emphysematous pyelonephritis, cystitis and myositis. The unusual presentation is discussed along with a relevant review of the literature.","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49025332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-31DOI: 10.2174/1874303X01912010027
Yosuke Inaguma, A. Shiratori, T. Nakagawa, K. Kanda, Makiko Yoshida, S. Hara, H. Kaito, K. Nozu, K. Iijima, N. Yoshikawa, R. Tanaka
Membranous Nephropathy (MN) is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults that can also occur in children, albeit less frequently. Recently, the M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) was identified as the target antigen in idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), making it a useful marker for diagnosis. However, there are few studies describing the potential role of PLA2R in children with IMN. The aim of this study was to clarify the involvement of PLA2R in childhood IMN. We enrolled 11 patients diagnosed with IMN from January 1998 to March 2017. We performed PLA2R staining in paraffin-embedded renal biopsy sections. The clinical data were collected from the patients’ medical records. The median age at biopsy was 6 years (range, 4 to 14 years). A single 6-year-old boy among all pediatric patients with IMN had granular PLA2R staining along his glomerular capillary loops and the prevalence of PLA2R-positivity was 9%. He also showed IgG4 co-dominant staining in terms of IgG subclass. There were no apparent differences in his clinical features such as clinical data at the time of renal biopsy, the time from the treatment initiation to remission, and relapse or renal dysfunction during the follow-up period. We suggest that PLA2R staining can be a diagnostic tool for patients with IMN of any age, though pediatric patients with IMN have lower prevalence of PLA2R-positive staining than adult patients.
{"title":"M-Type Phospholipase A2 Receptor Staining in Children with Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy: PLA2R Staining in Children with IMN","authors":"Yosuke Inaguma, A. Shiratori, T. Nakagawa, K. Kanda, Makiko Yoshida, S. Hara, H. Kaito, K. Nozu, K. Iijima, N. Yoshikawa, R. Tanaka","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01912010027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01912010027","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Membranous Nephropathy (MN) is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults that can also occur in children, albeit less frequently. Recently, the M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) was identified as the target antigen in idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), making it a useful marker for diagnosis. However, there are few studies describing the potential role of PLA2R in children with IMN. The aim of this study was to clarify the involvement of PLA2R in childhood IMN.\u0000 \u0000\u0000 \u0000 We enrolled 11 patients diagnosed with IMN from January 1998 to March 2017. We performed PLA2R staining in paraffin-embedded renal biopsy sections. The clinical data were collected from the patients’ medical records.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The median age at biopsy was 6 years (range, 4 to 14 years). A single 6-year-old boy among all pediatric patients with IMN had granular PLA2R staining along his glomerular capillary loops and the prevalence of PLA2R-positivity was 9%. He also showed IgG4 co-dominant staining in terms of IgG subclass. There were no apparent differences in his clinical features such as clinical data at the time of renal biopsy, the time from the treatment initiation to remission, and relapse or renal dysfunction during the follow-up period.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We suggest that PLA2R staining can be a diagnostic tool for patients with IMN of any age, though pediatric patients with IMN have lower prevalence of PLA2R-positive staining than adult patients.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48970250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.2174/1874303X01912010014
Ravi Kumar P, A. Dongre, R. Muruganandham, P. Deshmukh, D. Rajagovindan
The burden of CKD is on the rise globally and in India. There are scarce population based studies based in rural industrialized settings in India and elsewhere. To find out the prevalence and determinants of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) among adults in rural Pondicherry, India It was a community-based cross-sectional study in 13 villages of a Primary Health Centre in rural Pondicherry. A representative sample of 422 adults more than or equal to 50 years of both genders was selected by population proportional to size methods. All the participants were screened by SCORED questionnaire to get the potential cases of CKD. We did serum creatinine, urine examination, blood pressure and anthropometric measurement for the potential cases. CKD was diagnosed by estimation of glomerular filtration rate and presence of protienuria. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 24. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of SMCMCH, Pondicherry. The prevalence of CKD was found to be 24.2% in the study sample of respondents 50 years or more. Most (73.5%) of the CKD cases were at stage 2, Stage 3a had 15% and stage 3b had 2% of the cases. The determinants of CKD were (60-69 years, PR: 2.36,CI:1.36-4.07), poor nutrition(underweight, overweight and obesity)poor nutritional status (underweight:PR: 2.26,CI:1.05-4.89), (overweight:PR: 2.19,CI:1.06-4.52), (obese:PR: 2.13 CI: 1.13-4.01) and presence of at least one chronic co-morbidity(PR:5.85,CI:1.38-24.78). Majority of the patients in the CKD group had minimal proteinuria 87.25%. And 42.15% of the CKD group had no k.w:5 or k.w:6. Considering the higher prevalence of CKD in the study area, targeted screening of adult population should be undertaken as means of early detection, diagnosis, treatment and follow up of at-risk individuals to prevent further progression of CKD. Further research is required to look at the aetiology of CKD.
{"title":"Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Determinants in Rural Pondicherry, India-A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Ravi Kumar P, A. Dongre, R. Muruganandham, P. Deshmukh, D. Rajagovindan","doi":"10.2174/1874303X01912010014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874303X01912010014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The burden of CKD is on the rise globally and in India. There are scarce population based studies based in rural industrialized settings in India and elsewhere.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To find out the prevalence and determinants of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) among adults in rural Pondicherry, India\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 It was a community-based cross-sectional study in 13 villages of a Primary Health Centre in rural Pondicherry. A representative sample of 422 adults more than or equal to 50 years of both genders was selected by population proportional to size methods. All the participants were screened by SCORED questionnaire to get the potential cases of CKD. We did serum creatinine, urine examination, blood pressure and anthropometric measurement for the potential cases. CKD was diagnosed by estimation of glomerular filtration rate and presence of protienuria. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 24. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of SMCMCH, Pondicherry.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The prevalence of CKD was found to be 24.2% in the study sample of respondents 50 years or more. Most (73.5%) of the CKD cases were at stage 2, Stage 3a had 15% and stage 3b had 2% of the cases. The determinants of CKD were (60-69 years, PR: 2.36,CI:1.36-4.07), poor nutrition(underweight, overweight and obesity)poor nutritional status (underweight:PR: 2.26,CI:1.05-4.89), (overweight:PR: 2.19,CI:1.06-4.52), (obese:PR: 2.13 CI: 1.13-4.01) and presence of at least one chronic co-morbidity(PR:5.85,CI:1.38-24.78). Majority of the patients in the CKD group had minimal proteinuria 87.25%. And 42.15% of the CKD group had no k.w:5 or k.w:6.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Considering the higher prevalence of CKD in the study area, targeted screening of adult population should be undertaken as means of early detection, diagnosis, treatment and follow up of at-risk individuals to prevent further progression of CKD. Further research is required to look at the aetiology of CKD.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38952,"journal":{"name":"Open Urology and Nephrology Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41641110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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