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Zappos.Com, Inc., and the Warehouse Decision Zappos.Com, Inc.和仓库决策
Pub Date : 2017-06-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2975231
M. Lenox, E. N. Weiss
Amazon.com had purchased Zappos in 2009 and was making significant investments in warehouse infrastructure. By early summer 2012, Zappos, a dominant player in the crowded online retail apparel and footwear arena must decide whether to retain its warehouse complex in Kentucky, which it had maintained since 2002, or turn over the operations to Amazon. Should Zappos continue to operate as an entity external to its parent company? Or would advancements and changes in the market be disruptive enough to force Zappos to change in order to remain competitive? Excerpt UVA-S-0227 Rev. May 19, 2015 Zappos.com, Inc., and the Warehouse Decision In 1999, Nick Swinmurn partnered with venture capitalist Tony Hsieh to launch online footwear retailer Zappos.com, Inc. Hsieh soon left his angel fund to become the company's CEO. Despite an entrenched brick-and-mortar retail-footwear sector and numerous online competitors, Zappos was able to gain a foothold in the market by emphasizing superior customer service, most noticeably in its 365-day return policy and offer of free shipping both ways. By 2012, Zappos, with Hsieh still at the helm, had become a dominant player in the crowded online retail apparel and footwear business. Reporting sales of $ 2 billion, Zappos was a force to be reckoned with as it competed with Nike, Foot Locker, and Nordstrom; yet challenges and opportunities loomed ahead. Amazon.com, Inc., had purchased Zappos in 2009 and was making significant investments in warehouse infrastructure. Many observers predicted that Amazon could, within a matter of a few years, offer the holy grail of online retailing: same-day delivery. For Zappos, which had operated more or less autonomously from Amazon since its purchase, this possibility presented both an incredible opportunity and a potential challenge. In early summer 2012, Zappos had a decision to make: retain its warehouse complex in Kentucky, which it had maintained since 2002, or turn over the operations to Amazon. This warehouse location, which by 2012 had expanded to two buildings, was critical to Zappos' operations because it enabled one-day delivery to East Coast locations. The Zappos culture of highly engaged employees and focus on customer service was as strong at the Kentucky warehouses as it was at the warehouse and corporate offices on the West Coast. By turning over operations of the Kentucky warehouse complex to Amazon, Zappos would be leveraging Amazon's warehousing and delivery expertise as well as avoiding a future scenario whereby Amazon became a key competitor with faster delivery times than Zappos could manage alone. . . .
亚马逊在2009年收购了Zappos,并在仓储基础设施方面进行了大量投资。到2012年初夏,在拥挤的在线零售服装和鞋类领域占据主导地位的Zappos必须决定,是保留其自2002年以来一直保留的肯塔基州仓库,还是将业务移交给亚马逊。Zappos是否应该继续作为母公司之外的实体运营?或者,市场的进步和变化是否足以迫使Zappos为了保持竞争力而进行变革?Zappos.com, Inc.和仓库决策1999年,Nick Swinmurn与风险投资家Tony Hsieh合作创办了在线鞋类零售商Zappos.com, Inc.。谢家华很快离开了他的天使基金,成为了这家公司的CEO。尽管有根深蒂固的实体零售鞋业和众多的在线竞争对手,Zappos仍然能够通过强调卓越的客户服务在市场上站稳脚跟,最引人注目的是它的365天退货政策和提供双向免费送货服务。到2012年,在谢家华仍然掌舵人的情况下,Zappos已经成为拥挤的在线零售服装和鞋类行业的主导者。在与耐克(Nike)、Foot Locker和诺德斯特龙(Nordstrom)的竞争中,Zappos的销售额达到了20亿美元,是一股不可忽视的力量;然而,挑战和机遇摆在面前。亚马逊公司(Amazon.com, Inc.)在2009年收购了Zappos,并在仓储基础设施方面进行了大量投资。许多观察家预测,亚马逊可能会在几年内提供在线零售的圣杯:当日送达。对于Zappos来说,自从被亚马逊收购以来,它或多或少地独立于亚马逊运营,这种可能性既是一个难以置信的机会,也是一个潜在的挑战。2012年初夏,Zappos必须做出一个决定:要么保留自2002年以来一直保留的肯塔基州仓库,要么将业务移交给亚马逊(Amazon)。到2012年,这个仓库的位置已经扩展到两栋大楼,它对Zappos的运营至关重要,因为它可以在一天内将货物送到东海岸的各个地点。Zappos的员工高度敬业,注重客户服务的文化在肯塔基州的仓库和西海岸的仓库和公司办公室一样强大。通过将肯塔基州仓库综合体的运营移交给亚马逊,Zappos将利用亚马逊的仓储和配送专业知识,并避免未来亚马逊成为其主要竞争对手的情况,因为亚马逊的配送速度比Zappos单独管理的要快. . . .
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引用次数: 0
United Parcel Service, Inc.: The Challenge of Protecting Organizational DNA 联合包裹服务公司:保护组织DNA的挑战
Pub Date : 2017-06-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2975238
Edward D. Hess, Katherine G. Ludwig
This case explores the nature and strength of the UPS organization and presents the following question: With the increasing speed of change and competition in today's global, digital economy, can UPS continue to pursue its dual strategies of operational excellence and adaptation while maintaining adherence to the employee-centric cultural policies that have been the foundation of its success for so long? Excerpt UVA-S-0238 Feb. 25, 2014 UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC.: THE CHALLENGE OF PROTECTING ORGANIZATIONAL DNA You are by nature, a man of inquiring mind, and you see much in your job and elsewhere in the company that should be improved. You are impatient to have these defects corrected. You are far more interested in improving what is bad than in crowing about what is good. You are, in a word, constructively dissatisfied. —Jim Casey, founder of United Parcel Service, Inc. . . .
本案例探讨了UPS组织的性质和优势,并提出了以下问题:在当今全球数字经济中,变化和竞争的速度越来越快,UPS能否继续追求卓越运营和适应的双重战略,同时坚持以员工为中心的文化政策,这是UPS长期以来取得成功的基础?联合包裹服务公司:保护组织DNA的挑战你天生是一个善于探索的人,你在工作和公司的其他地方都看到了很多需要改进的地方。你急于纠正这些缺点。你更感兴趣的是改善不好的地方,而不是吹嘘好的地方。总而言之,你是建设性的不满。——吉姆·凯西,联合包裹服务公司创始人. . . .
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引用次数: 0
The Sequel to Chance Encounters 《偶遇》的续集
Pub Date : 2017-06-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2975181
P. E. Pfeifer
Movie-industry analyst David Fitzhugh must estimate the value of the sequel rights associated with Chance Encounters, a soon-to-be-produced movie. The producers intend to use the cash from the sale of the sequel rights to help fund production of the original movie. With the purchase of the sequel rights, the client fully intends to produce a sequel--should the original movie prove successful. Excerpt UVA-QA-0831 Feb. 13, 2015 The Sequel to Chance Encounters In April 2003, David Fitzhugh, a respected movie-industry analyst, was hired to evaluate an unusual business idea—the purchasing of the sequel rights associated with a soon-to-be-produced movie. About six months earlier, Warmer Brothers Studios had approached Fitzhugh's client (a very successful independent-movie producer) with a proposal to sell him the exclusive rights to produce a sequel to Chance Encounters, Warmer Brothers' newest movie. A string of poorly performing movies had left Warmer Brothers badly in need of cash to help defray the estimated $ 25 million cost of making Chance Encounters, and they had come up with the idea of selling the sequel rights. In preparation for the upcoming negotiation, Fitzhugh's client asked him to perform a thorough “data-driven” valuation of the exclusive rights to produce a sequel. The Basics of the Movie Business Movies went through three stages to reach the public: production, distribution, and exhibition. Production was the actual making of the movie. The total cost for this stage was called negative cost: the cost to produce the master negative of the movie. Typically, the largest components of negative cost were salaries of the actors and director, set design and construction, and transportation. On average, production of a movie took about a year, at a negative cost of around $ 30 million. . . .
电影业分析师大卫·菲茨休必须对即将上映的电影《偶遇》续集版权的价值进行估算。制片人打算用出售续集版权所得的钱来资助原电影的制作。通过购买续集的版权,客户完全打算制作续集——如果原电影成功的话。《偶遇》续集2003年4月,备受尊敬的电影行业分析师大卫·菲茨休受聘评估一个不同寻常的商业构想——购买一部即将上映的电影的续集版权。大约六个月前,暖兄弟工作室找到菲茨休的客户(一位非常成功的独立电影制片人),提议将暖兄弟最新电影《偶遇》续集的独家制作权卖给他。由于一系列表现不佳的电影,暖兄弟公司急需现金来支付拍摄《偶遇》的估计2500万美元成本,因此他们想出了出售续集版权的主意。为了准备即将到来的谈判,菲茨休的客户要求他对续集的独家制作权进行彻底的“数据驱动”评估。电影走向大众要经历三个阶段:制作、发行和放映。制作是指电影的实际制作。这个阶段的总成本被称为底片成本:制作电影的主底片的成本。通常,负成本的最大组成部分是演员和导演的工资、布景设计和建设、运输。平均而言,一部电影的制作时间约为一年,负成本约为3000万美元. . . .
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引用次数: 0
Biosidus: Biotecnologia En La Patagonia 巴塔哥尼亚的生物技术
Pub Date : 2017-06-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2975196
G. B. Fairchild, Manuel Garcia Diez, A. Com, A. Carrera, Roberto Vassolo
The case follows an Argentinean biotech firm as it sets future firm strategy and decides how to fund it. Specifically, the firm is working on a method to produce human growth hormone through the milk of cloned cows. Economic and political uncertainties in Argentina complicate an otherwise challenging strategic decision. Students are required to make a decision based on the conditions present at the time of the case. Excerpt UVA-S-0115 Rev. Aug. 22, 2012 BioSidus: Biotecnologia en la Patagonia In early August 2002, Marcelo Arguelles, son of Antonio Arguelles, the founder of BioSidus, faced a very tough decision concerning the future of the company. BioSidus could no longer implement its 10-year business plan given the current political and economic crises in Argentina. Therefore, Arguelles needed to reevaluate his company's direction along three potential paths. First, should his company focus on its current product base and harvest its existing portfolio of drugs? Second, should it invest in R&D despite adverse market conditions? Third, should it forge a new international partnership to establish a greater market for its current products? BioSidus's latest R&D development involved farm animal cloning techniques that used animals to produce new proteins, which would then be secreted and harvested from their milk. After one unsuccessful attempt, the company anxiously awaited the birth of its second cloned calf. If successful, this new technique would significantly reduce the production costs of proteins, transferring the production line from a multi-million-dollar state-of-the-art facility to a cow (see Exhibit 1 for an illustration of the cloning process). Arguelles was confident that this new technique would revolutionize the industry. He was uncertain, however, of what it would mean for the rest of his company if the cloning was unsuccessful. Faced with a restrictive financial market and weak demand, Arguelles was not sure the company would have enough strength to complete the project. . . .
该案例跟随一家阿根廷生物技术公司制定公司未来战略并决定如何为其提供资金。具体来说,该公司正在研究通过克隆牛的牛奶生产人类生长激素的方法。阿根廷经济和政治的不确定性使原本具有挑战性的战略决策复杂化。学生需要根据案件发生时的情况做出决定。BioSidus: biotechnologies en la Patagonia 2002年8月初,BioSidus创始人Antonio Arguelles的儿子Marcelo Arguelles面临着一个关于公司未来的非常艰难的决定。鉴于阿根廷目前的政治和经济危机,BioSidus无法再执行其10年业务计划。因此,Arguelles需要沿着三条可能的路径重新评估公司的发展方向。首先,他的公司是否应该专注于现有的产品基础,并收获现有的药物组合?第二,在不利的市场条件下,它是否应该投资研发?第三,它是否应该建立新的国际伙伴关系,为其现有产品建立更大的市场?BioSidus最新的研发发展涉及农场动物克隆技术,该技术利用动物产生新的蛋白质,然后从它们的牛奶中分泌和收获这些蛋白质。在一次失败的尝试后,该公司焦急地等待第二只克隆小牛的诞生。如果成功,这项新技术将大大降低蛋白质的生产成本,将生产线从价值数百万美元的先进设备转移到奶牛身上(见图1克隆过程的说明)。Arguelles相信这项新技术会给这个行业带来革命性的变化。然而,他不确定,如果克隆失败,对公司的其他部门意味着什么。面对限制性的金融市场和疲软的需求,Arguelles不确定公司是否有足够的实力来完成这个项目. . . .
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引用次数: 0
The Virginia Carlton—Taylor Hayden 弗吉尼亚·卡尔顿-泰勒·海登
Pub Date : 2017-06-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2975148
Sherwood C. Frey, Lucien L. Bass, H. Mahmood
With the final paper of the semester now submitted, there was only one remaining obstacle for Taylor Hayden before departing tomorrow afternoon for an exciting and challenging summer internship with a strategic consulting firm in Washington, DC: a meeting with Hunter Morgan. Morgan was the final prospect interested in subletting Hayden's bedroom in the Virginia Carlton for the summer. All other inquiries had led to dead ends. If Morgan did not agree to sublet the bedroom, Hayden would have to absorb the full cost of the bedroom expenses for the summer—an unpleasant outcome, but one with which Hayden was reconciled. This case and its companion case, “The Virginia Carlton—Hunter Morgan” (UVA-QA-0782), describe a predominantly distributive bargaining situation to which additional issues can be added for the mutual benefit of both parties. Excerpt UVA-QA-0781 Apr. 4, 2012 The Virginia Carlton—Taylor Hayden Although the first year at the University of Virginia (U.Va.) McIntire School of Commerce had been a lot of work, it had been nonetheless a terrific year for Taylor Hayden. With the final paper of the semester now submitted, there was only one remaining obstacle: a meeting with Hunter Morgan before departing tomorrow afternoon for an exciting and challenging summer internship with a strategic consulting firm in Washington, DC. Morgan was the final prospect interested in subletting Hayden's bedroom in the Virginia Carlton for the summer. All other inquiries had led to dead ends. If Morgan did not agree to sublet the bedroom, Hayden would have to absorb the full cost of the bedroom expenses for the summer—an unpleasant outcome, but one with which Hayden was reconciled. The Virginia Carlton was a newly constructed and well maintained apartment building on Jefferson Park Avenue, located fairly close to U.Va.'s central grounds. The second-floor apartment, which Hayden had shared with two friends, comprised three bedrooms, two bathrooms, a kitchen, a common room (with a wide-screen TV), and a laundry room (see Exhibit 1 for the floor plan). The apartment rental also included one reserved space in the building's underground parking garage. Each roommate's share of the rnt was $ 480 per month. The rental rate did not include electricity, which ran from $ 10 to $ 15 per person per month. Fortunately for Hayden, the group had decided to let Hayden use the parking space for the entire year; additional parking spaces cost $ 30 per month. The wireless Internet and cable package was an extra $ 40 per roommate. Hayden's roommates had agreed to the summer subletting of Hayden's bedroom but only to a U.Va. student. The Trials of Subletting . . .
随着学期期末论文的提交,泰勒·海登明天下午启程前往华盛顿特区一家战略咨询公司进行令人兴奋又充满挑战的暑期实习之前,只剩下一个障碍了:与亨特·摩根的会面。摩根是最后一个愿意转租海登在弗吉尼亚卡尔顿酒店的卧室的人。所有其他的调查都是死路一条。如果摩根不同意将卧室转租出去,海登将不得不承担整个夏天的卧室费用——这是一个令人不快的结果,但海登是可以接受的。这个案例和它的同伴案例,“弗吉尼亚卡尔顿-亨特摩根”(UVA-QA-0782),描述了一个主要的分配谈判情况,可以为双方的共同利益增加额外的问题。摘自UVA-QA-0781 2012年4月4日The Virginia Carlton-Taylor Hayden虽然在弗吉尼亚大学(uva)的第一年麦金太尔商学院有很多工作要做,但对泰勒·海登来说,这一年非常棒。这学期的期末论文已经交了,只剩下一个障碍了:明天下午出发之前,我要和亨特·摩根见面,去华盛顿特区的一家战略咨询公司做一份激动人心、充满挑战的暑期实习。摩根是最后一个愿意转租海登在弗吉尼亚卡尔顿酒店的卧室的人。所有其他的调查都是死路一条。如果摩根不同意将卧室转租出去,海登将不得不承担整个夏天的卧室费用——这是一个令人不快的结果,但海登是可以接受的。弗吉尼亚卡尔顿是杰斐逊公园大道上一栋新建的、维护良好的公寓楼,位于离弗吉尼亚大学相当近的地方。它的中心场地。海登和两个朋友住在二楼的公寓里,包括三间卧室、两间浴室、一间厨房、一间公共休息室(带宽屏电视)和一间洗衣房(平面图见图1)。这套公寓还在大楼的地下停车场预留了一个空间。每个室友的租金份额是每月480美元。租金不包括电费,电费是每人每月10到15美元。对海登来说幸运的是,小组决定让海登使用这个停车位一整年;额外的停车位每月收费30美元。无线上网和有线电视套餐是每个室友额外支付40美元。海登的室友们同意在夏天将海登的卧室转租给弗吉尼亚大学的学生。学生。转租的审判…
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引用次数: 0
Kicks Inc.: Confidential Information for Billy Cash (Quiksign Agent) Kicks Inc.:给Billy Cash (Quiksign代理商)的机密信息
Pub Date : 2017-06-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2975116
Sherwood C. Frey, Lucien L. Bass, L. Nelson
Kicks Inc., a manufacturer and distributor of athletic apparel and shoes, had plans to launch a new tennis shoe line within the year and was seeking an up-and-coming young athlete to be its spokesperson. Sebastian Martinez had emerged as an ideal candidate, and contract discussions were underway. Six issues need to be resolved to the satisfaction of the six parties involved—the athlete, the athlete's mother, the athlete's father, the athlete's agent, the Kicks brand manager, and an International Tennis Federation representative. This case provides specific role information for the athlete's agent. The case needs to be accompanied by the background information case, UVA-QA-0739. Excerpt UVA-QA-0741 Rev. Jun. 3, 2011 Confidential Information for Billy Cash (QuikSign Agent) Billy Cash had worked with many athletes throughout his career at QuikSign but had yet to have a superstar athlete in his portfolio. Some agents worked specifically for one player, typically a high-profile and highly successful athlete. On average, though, each agent handled between five and fifteen athletes at any given time, usually with a variety of lower-ranked players and few, if any, more successful players. Having multiple athletes allowed the agent to be cost-effective and time-efficient, and gave the agent leverage when negotiating deals for his or her athletes. When an agent attended a tournament, the cost of his airfare, hotel accommodations, and other expenses could be dispersed among all the players in the tournament. The agent's time during those tournaments could then be spent on networking for those players. And ultimately, when it came time to make a deal, the agent could influence a tournament director's decision on who would be accepted into the draw by offering a big-name athlete along with lower-ranked athletes. The agent could influence a sponsorship by suggesting that many of his or her athletes could represent the brand. An agent with many athletes could help lower-level players become well connected and help with their success considerably more if the agent were able to claim a big-name athlete. Cash was due to have such an athlete. In the past, Cash had managed only two other athletes who had cracked the top 20, but they had both recently retired because their primes had come and gone. Cash had wanted to add an athlete to his portfolio who was not only higher-profile, but also one who had the potential of becoming a top-10 player. Cash believed Sebastian Martinez could be this breakthrough athlete. Cash thought Martinez seemed independent and mature enough to make decisions for himself; however, he knew that Martinez's parents had been very involved in his career, so it was important to remain on good terms with theentire family. Although Martinez seemed mature, he was still very young; Cash wanted to be careful not to go overboard in terms of endorsement contracts and sponsorship opportunities, knowing that many young tennis players
运动服装和运动鞋的制造商和分销商Kicks Inc.计划在今年内推出一个新的网球鞋系列,并正在寻找一位有前途的年轻运动员作为代言人。塞巴斯蒂安·马丁内斯成为了理想的人选,合同谈判正在进行中。需要解决六个问题,以使六方当事人满意:运动员、运动员的母亲、运动员的父亲、运动员的经纪人、Kicks品牌经理和国际网球联合会代表。这个案例为运动员经纪人提供了具体的角色信息。案例需要附带背景资料案例,UVA-QA-0739。比利·卡什(QuikSign代理商)的机密信息比利·卡什在QuikSign的职业生涯中与许多运动员合作过,但他的投资组合中还没有一个超级明星运动员。一些经纪人专门为一个球员工作,通常是一个备受瞩目和非常成功的运动员。然而,平均而言,每个经纪人在任何给定的时间都要处理5到15名运动员,通常是各种排名较低的球员和很少(如果有的话)更成功的球员。拥有多名运动员可以让经纪人更具成本效益和时间效率,并在为他或她的运动员谈判时给予经纪人杠杆作用。当一个经纪人参加一场比赛时,他的机票、酒店住宿和其他费用可以分摊给参加比赛的所有球员。经纪人在这些比赛中的时间可以用来为这些球员建立网络。最终,当达成协议的时候,经纪人可以通过提供一名大牌运动员和一名排名较低的运动员来影响赛事总监对谁将被接受参加抽签的决定。经纪人可以通过暗示他或她的许多运动员可以代表该品牌来影响赞助。拥有许多运动员的经纪人可以帮助低水平的球员建立良好的关系,如果经纪人能够声称一个大牌运动员,那么他们的成功就会得到更大的帮助。卡什应该有这样一个运动员。在过去,卡什只管理过另外两名进入前20名的运动员,但他们都是最近才退役的,因为他们的巅峰时期来了又去。卡什想在他的投资组合中增加一名运动员,不仅要更引人注目,而且要有成为前10名运动员的潜力。卡什相信塞巴斯蒂安·马丁内斯会是这个突破性的运动员。卡什认为马丁内斯看起来很独立,也足够成熟,可以自己做决定;然而,他知道马丁内斯的父母一直参与他的事业,所以与整个家庭保持良好的关系是很重要的。虽然马丁内斯看起来很成熟,但他还很年轻;卡什想要小心,不要在代言合同和赞助机会方面做得太过火,因为他知道许多年轻的网球运动员被金钱、魅力和名声分散了注意力。如果处理不好,这些干扰可能会阻碍马丁内斯的成功。保持专注是马丁内斯成功的关键,卡什当然希望马丁内斯达到他的潜力. . . .
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引用次数: 0
Opening Casino Jack 开业赌场杰克
Pub Date : 2017-06-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2975179
Y. Grushka-Cockayne, K. C. Lichtendahl, Andrew Green, Temple Fennell
Temple Fennell, CEO of ATO Pictures, recalled the distribution of ATO's first U.S. film, Casino Jack, starring Kevin Spacey. He reflected on the red carpet thrills during the opening week in December 2010, and the excitement surrounding Spacey's Golden Globe nomination. At the same time, he was reminded of the challenging decisions he and his team had had to make regarding the film's advertising and distribution. Excerpt UVA-QA-0827 Rev. Aug. 7, 2015 Opening Casino Jack Temple Fennell, CEO of ATO Pictures, recalled the distribution of ATO's first U.S. film, Casino Jack, starring Kevin Spacey. He reflected on the red carpet thrills during the opening week in December 2010, and the excitement surrounding Spacey's Golden Globe nomination. At the same time, he was reminded of the challenging decisions he and his team had had to make regarding the film's advertising and distribution. Fennell could have advertised nationally prior to the film's release, or he could have waited to see the audience and critic reactions before committing significant advertising dollars. The first option required a wider release of the film. The second option limited the initial release to a small number of screens. While Fennell had been sure there was no magic formula for box office success, he had believed that the historical data from hundreds of mostly independent films would provide insight into the options for ATO's next film. ATO Pictures and Casino Jack . . .
ATO影业的首席执行官坦普尔·芬内尔回忆起ATO第一部美国电影《赌场杰克》的发行情况,该片由凯文·史派西主演。他回忆了2010年12月上映第一周走红毯时的激动心情,以及史派西获得金球奖提名时的激动心情。与此同时,他想起了他和他的团队在电影的广告和发行方面不得不做出的具有挑战性的决定。ATO影业的首席执行官杰克·坦普尔·芬内尔回忆起ATO第一部美国电影《赌场杰克》的发行情况,该片由凯文·史派西主演。他回忆了2010年12月上映第一周走红毯时的激动心情,以及史派西获得金球奖提名时的激动心情。与此同时,他想起了他和他的团队在电影的广告和发行方面不得不做出的具有挑战性的决定。芬内尔可以在电影上映前在全国范围内做广告,或者他可以等着看观众和影评人的反应再投入大量的广告资金。第一个选择需要在更大范围内发行这部电影。第二种选择是将初始版本限制在少量屏幕上。虽然芬内尔确信票房成功没有神奇的公式,但他相信,来自数百部主要是独立电影的历史数据,将为ATO的下一部电影的选择提供洞见。ATO Pictures and Casino Jack…
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引用次数: 0
The World is Flat...The World is Lumpy? 世界是平的……世界是不平的?
Pub Date : 2017-06-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2975218
Gerry Yemen, S. Venkataraman
Suitable for MBA, EMBA, GEMBA, and executive education programs, this note sets the stage to unfold an analysis of popular notions about how the world works. On one hand, some believe that global competition has created a flattened world and that globalization has leveled the playing field. Yet a zest to view the world as flat, others have said, results in an underestimation of the differences between countries—standardization, exact replication, and scale expansion on a global basis could be problematic. In this note, we acknowledge that the flat world has some lumps, but regardless of whether the world is considered to be flat or round, there are certain implications on both sides that business leaders need to be aware of in order to create global efficiency. The note offers three practical examples that students can work through and apply their learning. Excerpt UVA-S-0191 Aug. 12, 2011 THE WORLD IS FLAT…THE WORLD IS LUMPY? Despite the seemingly fresh arrival of the term “globalization,” it is really nothing new. The drive to explore the unknown can be traced back to ancient civilizations and those brave souls who set out to explore the earth—mostly by sea. Trade followed, as did tariff duties. What has changed over the centuries is the amount of contact and the form of engagement. Much of the movement toward a global economy occurred during three different periods. The latter part of the 1800s to the mid-1900s generally marks what historians consider the first wave of globalization when trading goods expanded to investing capital and labor in foreign countries. Immediately following World War II, declining trade barriers between countries set off a second wave. And since 1980, economic policy reform, particularly among developing countries, as well as declining transportation costs and technology advancements allowed more countries to enter global markets and resulted in the third wave of globalization. At first, reaching outside of one's borders was limited to a few industries—mostly consumer-product-driven firms. Incentives included lower production costs, access to resources (either natural or knowledge and skills of local populations), growth into new markets, financial value, and/or a desire to be viewed as a local company as opposed to a foreign-owned one. By the year 2000, service industries started to appreciate the gains from going global. Transportation efficiencies allowed us to produce and deliver resources, products, and services around the world. And the meaning of globalization transformed well beyond the concept of international trade to include increasing worldwide connectivity, integration, and interdependence of cultural, ecological, governmental, high-tech, and social spheres. . . .
适用于MBA、EMBA、GEMBA和高管教育课程,本文将对世界如何运作的流行观念进行分析。一方面,一些人认为全球竞争创造了一个扁平的世界,全球化使竞争环境变得公平。然而,另一些人说,热衷于把世界看成是平的,会导致低估国家之间的差异——在全球范围内标准化、精确复制和规模扩张可能是有问题的。在本文中,我们承认平坦的世界有一些凹凸不平的地方,但无论世界是平的还是圆的,为了创造全球效率,商业领袖都需要意识到这两者的某些含义。该笔记提供了三个实际的例子,学生可以通过并应用他们的学习。摘自UVA-S-0191 2011年8月12日世界是平的…世界是块状的?尽管“全球化”这个词看起来很新鲜,但它实际上并不新鲜。探索未知世界的动力可以追溯到古代文明和那些勇敢的灵魂,他们开始探索地球——主要是通过海洋。贸易紧随其后,关税也是如此。几个世纪以来发生变化的是接触的数量和参与的形式。全球经济的发展主要发生在三个不同的时期。19世纪后半叶到20世纪中期通常标志着历史学家认为的第一波全球化浪潮,当时商品贸易扩大到在国外投资资本和劳动力。第二次世界大战后,国与国之间贸易壁垒的降低引发了第二波贸易壁垒。1980年以来,经济政策改革,特别是发展中国家的经济政策改革,以及运输成本的下降和技术的进步,使更多的国家进入了全球市场,导致了第三次全球化浪潮。起初,拓展海外业务仅限于少数几个行业——主要是消费品驱动型企业。激励因素包括较低的生产成本、获得资源(自然资源或当地人口的知识和技能)、进入新市场的增长、财务价值和/或被视为本地公司而不是外资公司的愿望。到2000年,服务业开始体会到“走出去”的好处。运输效率使我们能够在世界各地生产和运送资源、产品和服务。全球化的含义远远超出了国际贸易的概念,它包括日益增长的世界范围内的连通性、一体化和文化、生态、政府、高科技和社会领域的相互依存. . . .
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引用次数: 0
The Power of One: The Strategy Diamond Framework 一个人的力量:战略钻石框架
Pub Date : 2017-06-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2975237
Ming-Jer Chen
The diamond framework can be used to develop strategies in multibusiness enterprises at all organizational levels and across markets or products. This note demonstrates how the framework yields insights that managers and executives need in order to make critical strategic decisions. The power of a single integrated approach lies in its transformative ability to unite a firm with one template based on a common language and shared lexicon. Excerpt UVA-S-0237 Feb. 7, 2014 THE POWER OF ONE: THE STRATEGY DIAMOND FRAMEWORK Organizations need a coherent strategy to achieve their objectives. In “Are You Sure You Have a Strategy?,” Donald C. Hambrick and James W. Fredrickson present an eminently practical approach to developing a clear strategic plan. They identify five elements of strategy: arenas—where a firm should be active; vehicles—how it can enter the arenas; differentiators—how it can win in its markets; staging—sequence and speed of moves; and, at the core of their framework, economic logic—how the firm plans to obtain its returns. Together these five facets form a strategy diamond framework. The diamond framework can be used to develop strategies in multibusiness enterprises at all organizational levels and across markets or products. This note demonstrates how the framework yields insights that managers and executives need in order to make critical strategic decisions. The power of a single integrated approach lies in its transformative ability to unite a firm with one template based on a common language and shared lexicon. First, we will examine the components of the diamond framework and then show specific applications. These include how to create an integrative organizational strategy, how to plan for strategic change over time, and how to apply the framework both for competitor analysis and for comparison of your firm's strategy with those of your partners and other stakeholders. . . .
钻石框架可用于在所有组织级别和跨市场或产品的多业务企业中制定战略。本文演示了框架如何产生经理和执行者为了做出关键的战略决策所需要的洞察力。单一整合方法的强大之处在于,它具有变革性的能力,可以将公司与基于共同语言和共享词汇的一个模板联合起来。一个的力量:战略钻石框架组织需要一个连贯的战略来实现他们的目标。在《你确定你有策略吗?》Donald C. Hambrick和James W. Fredrickson提出了一种非常实用的方法来制定明确的战略计划。他们确定了战略的五个要素:领域——公司应该活跃的领域;车辆——如何进入竞技场;差异化因素——如何在市场中取胜;动作的顺序和速度;而且,他们框架的核心是经济逻辑——公司计划如何获得回报。这五个方面共同构成了战略菱形框架。钻石框架可用于在所有组织级别和跨市场或产品的多业务企业中制定战略。本文演示了框架如何产生经理和执行者为了做出关键的战略决策所需要的洞察力。单一整合方法的强大之处在于,它具有变革性的能力,可以将公司与基于共同语言和共享词汇的一个模板联合起来。首先,我们将检查钻石框架的组件,然后展示具体的应用程序。这些包括如何创建一个综合的组织战略,如何计划战略变化随着时间的推移,以及如何应用框架来分析竞争对手和比较你的公司的战略与你的合作伙伴和其他利益相关者. . . .
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引用次数: 1
The Virginia Carlton—Hunter Morgan 弗吉尼亚·卡尔顿-亨特·摩根
Pub Date : 2017-06-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2975149
Sherwood C. Frey, Lucien L. Bass, H. Mahmood
Hunter Morgan had looked at several apartments over the past week, and Taylor Hayden's apartment in the Virginia Carlton topped the list. The Virginia Carlton was a newly constructed and well-maintained apartment building on Jefferson Park Avenue, located fairly close to the central grounds of the University of Virginia. If there were an available space in the building's underground parking garage, Morgan's car could be left there, and the bus would be the principle mode of transportation for the summer. In addition, the newness of the building made for a bright and pleasant ambiance. The big unknown was the cost, which would be discussed tomorrow morning during a meeting with Hayden. This case and its companion case, “The Virginia Carlton—Taylor Hayden” (UVA-QA-0781), describe a predominantly distributive bargaining situation to which additional issues can be added for the mutual benefit of both parties. Excerpt UVA-QA-0782 Rev. Sept. 6, 2012 The Virginia Carlton—Hunter Morgan Hunter Morgan had looked at several apartments over the past week, and Taylor Hayden's apartment in the Virginia Carlton topped the list. The Virginia Carlton was a newly constructed and well-maintained apartment building on Jefferson Park Avenue, located fairly close to the central grounds of the University of Virginia (U.Va.). The location had two major pluses: (1) it was close to friends who would be in Charlottesville, Virginia, over the summer; and (2) it was on a bus line that served the downtown area, where Morgan would be working for the summer. If there were an available space in the building's underground parking garage, Morgan's car could be left there, and the bus would be the principle mode of transportation for the summer. In addition, the newness of the building made for a bright and pleasant ambiance. The big unknown was the cost, which would be discussed tomorrow morning during the rescheduled meeting with Hayden. Morgan was a second-year U.Va. student who had recently been admitted to the McIntire School of Commerce and planned on concentrating in finance and marketing. As a first step along that career path, Morgan had worked hard to find a summer internship in the financial services industry. After a month of endless first- and second-round interviews, an exciting offer of an internship at MH Financial in Charlottesville was presented and quickly accepted. Now accommodations for the summer needed to be found because Morgan currently lived on university grounds and had missed the deadline to sign up to stay over the summer. The Search for a Summer Sublet . . .
亨特·摩根(Hunter Morgan)上周看了几套公寓,泰勒·海登(Taylor Hayden)在弗吉尼亚卡尔顿(Virginia Carlton)的公寓名列榜首。弗吉尼亚卡尔顿是杰斐逊公园大道上新建的、维护良好的公寓楼,位于弗吉尼亚大学的中心场地附近。如果大楼的地下停车场有空位,摩根的车就可以停在那里,这样一来,公共汽车就成了整个夏天的主要交通工具。此外,建筑的新颖性营造了明亮宜人的氛围。最大的未知数是成本,这将在明天早上与海登的会议上讨论。本案例及其附属案例“弗吉尼亚卡尔顿-泰勒海登案”(UVA-QA-0781)描述了一种以分配为主的讨价还价情况,在这种情况下,为了双方的共同利益,可以增加额外的问题。在过去的一周里,亨特·摩根看了好几套公寓,泰勒·海登在弗吉尼亚·卡尔顿的公寓名列榜首。弗吉尼亚卡尔顿是杰斐逊公园大道上新建和维护良好的公寓楼,位于相当接近弗吉尼亚大学(uva)的中心场地。这个地点有两个主要的优点:(1)离夏天要去弗吉尼亚州夏洛茨维尔的朋友很近;(2)它在一条通往市中心的公交线路上,摩根将在那里工作一个夏天。如果大楼的地下停车场有空位,摩根的车就可以停在那里,这样一来,公共汽车就成了整个夏天的主要交通工具。此外,建筑的新颖性营造了明亮宜人的氛围。最大的未知数是成本,这将在明天上午与海登重新安排的会议上讨论。摩根是弗吉尼亚大学的二年级学生。他刚被麦金太尔商学院录取,打算专攻金融和市场营销。作为职业道路上的第一步,摩根努力在金融服务行业找到了一份暑期实习工作。经过一个月无休止的第一轮和第二轮面试后,夏洛茨维尔的MH金融公司给了我一个令人兴奋的实习机会,我很快就接受了。现在需要为这个夏天找个住处,因为摩根目前住在大学校园里,而且已经错过了报名留校过暑假的最后期限。寻找夏季转租…
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引用次数: 0
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