首页 > 最新文献

Philippine Journal of Science最新文献

英文 中文
Determinants of Underweight and Stunting among 6–59-months-old Indigenous Children in the Philippines 菲律宾6 - 59个月大土著儿童体重不足和发育迟缓的决定因素
Q3 Multidisciplinary Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.56899/152.03.26
Rowena V. Viajar, Julieta B Dorado, M. L. Maniego, Joanne Jette S. Gulay, Patricia Isabel Amita, I. Angeles-Agdeppa
Data on the nutrition and health situation of indigenous people (IPs) across groups in the Philippines is limited. This study determined the factors associated with underweight (UW) and stunting of 6–59-mo-old indigenous children utilizing the 2018 Expanded National Nutrition Survey data of the Department of Science and Technology’s Food and Nutrition Research Institute. The study participants were 1,173 indigenous people households and their 6–59-mo- old children covering 29 provinces and highly urbanized cities. Potential predictors of UW and stunting were examined using descriptive and logistic regression analyses. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that indigenous children 6–59-mo-old living in food-insecure households, with an unimproved source of drinking water, and with inadequate riboflavin intake were more likely to become UW than their counterparts. Likewise, indigenous children belonging to food-insecure households, children who have not undergone newborn screening, those with inadequate energy intake, and vitamin A deficient children were more likely to become stunted than their counterparts. Policy actions should focus on improving the indigenous people’s household food security and source of drinking water, child’s nutrient intake, vitamin A status, and participation in child’s health and nutrition programs. Participation in a vitamin A supplementation program and strengthening backyard gardening to increase accessibility and use of vitamin A-rich foods may help improve the vitamin A status of a child. A follow-up study exploring the behavioral barriers to IP households’ participation in health and nutrition programs among children under five is recommended.
关于菲律宾各群体土著人民营养和健康状况的数据有限。本研究利用科技部食品与营养研究所2018年扩大的全国营养调查数据,确定了与6 - 59岁土著儿童体重不足和发育迟缓相关的因素。研究对象为1173个土著居民家庭及其6 - 59个月大的子女,覆盖29个省份和高度城市化的城市。使用描述性和逻辑回归分析检验了UW和发育迟缓的潜在预测因子。多因素logistic回归分析显示,生活在粮食不安全家庭、饮用水源未得到改善、核黄素摄入不足的6 - 59岁土著儿童比他们的同龄人更有可能成为UW。同样,属于粮食不安全家庭的土著儿童、没有接受过新生儿筛查的儿童、能量摄入不足的儿童和缺乏维生素A的儿童比他们的同龄人更容易发育迟缓。政策行动应侧重于改善土著人民的家庭粮食安全和饮用水来源、儿童的营养摄入、维生素A状况以及参与儿童健康和营养规划。参加维生素a补充计划和加强后院园艺,以增加获得和使用富含维生素a的食物,可能有助于改善儿童的维生素a状况。建议开展一项后续研究,探讨知识产权家庭参与五岁以下儿童健康和营养计划的行为障碍。
{"title":"Determinants of Underweight and Stunting among 6–59-months-old Indigenous Children in the Philippines","authors":"Rowena V. Viajar, Julieta B Dorado, M. L. Maniego, Joanne Jette S. Gulay, Patricia Isabel Amita, I. Angeles-Agdeppa","doi":"10.56899/152.03.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56899/152.03.26","url":null,"abstract":"Data on the nutrition and health situation of indigenous people (IPs) across groups in the Philippines is limited. This study determined the factors associated with underweight (UW) and stunting of 6–59-mo-old indigenous children utilizing the 2018 Expanded National Nutrition Survey data of the Department of Science and Technology’s Food and Nutrition Research Institute. The study participants were 1,173 indigenous people households and their 6–59-mo- old children covering 29 provinces and highly urbanized cities. Potential predictors of UW and stunting were examined using descriptive and logistic regression analyses. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that indigenous children 6–59-mo-old living in food-insecure households, with an unimproved source of drinking water, and with inadequate riboflavin intake were more likely to become UW than their counterparts. Likewise, indigenous children belonging to food-insecure households, children who have not undergone newborn screening, those with inadequate energy intake, and vitamin A deficient children were more likely to become stunted than their counterparts. Policy actions should focus on improving the indigenous people’s household food security and source of drinking water, child’s nutrient intake, vitamin A status, and participation in child’s health and nutrition programs. Participation in a vitamin A supplementation program and strengthening backyard gardening to increase accessibility and use of vitamin A-rich foods may help improve the vitamin A status of a child. A follow-up study exploring the behavioral barriers to IP households’ participation in health and nutrition programs among children under five is recommended.","PeriodicalId":39096,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Science","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80485456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spatio-Temporal Trend Analysis of Reference Evapotranspiration in Central Luzon, Philippines 菲律宾吕宋岛中部参考蒸散量时空趋势分析
Q3 Multidisciplinary Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.56899/152.s1.03
L. Caguiat, R. Saludes, M. Castro, R. Lampayan
Understanding trends in reference evapotranspiration (ETₒ) and their influencing factors is crucial for calculations of irrigation requirements and water management. Meteorological data in Central Luzon (1985–2019) were used to estimate ETₒ using the FAO Penman-Monteith method. Spatial and temporal ETₒ trends were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator. Correlation and sensitivity analyses were conducted to analyze the impact of weather variables on ETₒ. Positive correlations were observed for maximum temperature, solar radiation, and wind speed whereas negative correlations were observed for relative humidity and minimum temperature. In general, ETₒ was statistically dependent and most sensitive to solar radiation, maximum temperature, and relative humidity. ETₒ in the stations surrounded by mountains was consistently lower than the stations in the agricultural areas by 197 and 207 mm for the dry season and annual basis, respectively. The increasing trends with a magnitude of 3.98 mm/yr in annual ETₒ were caused by the rising trend in solar radiation and maximum temperature and a decreasing trend in relative humidity. The decreasing ETₒ trend (–2.6 to –4.63 mm/yr) predominant in the study area was mainly attributed to the decreasing trend of solar radiation and wind speed. Areas with increasing ETₒ trends indicate the need for supplemental irrigation. Decreasing ETₒ trends may indicate climate change, land-use change, or human-related factors.
了解参考蒸散趋势(ETₒ)及其影响因素对于计算灌溉需求和水管理至关重要。利用1985-2019年吕宋岛中部的气象数据,采用粮农组织Penman-Monteith方法估算ETₒ。利用Mann-Kendall检验和Sen 's斜率估计分析时空ETₒ趋势。通过相关分析和敏感性分析分析天气变量对ET的影响ₒ。最高温度、太阳辐射和风速呈正相关,而相对湿度和最低温度呈负相关。总的来说,ETₒ在统计上依赖于太阳辐射、最高温度和相对湿度,并且对其最敏感。在旱季和年基础上,山地站的ETₒ分别比农业区站低197和207 mm。年ETₒ增加幅度为3.98 mm/yr,主要是由于太阳辐射和最高温度的增加和相对湿度的减少。研究区ET的减少ₒ趋势(-2.6 ~ -4.63 mm/yr)主要归因于太阳辐射和风速的减少趋势。ET增加ₒ趋势的地区表明需要补充灌溉。ET降低ₒ趋势可能表明气候变化、土地利用变化或与人类有关的因素。
{"title":"Spatio-Temporal Trend Analysis of Reference Evapotranspiration in Central Luzon, Philippines","authors":"L. Caguiat, R. Saludes, M. Castro, R. Lampayan","doi":"10.56899/152.s1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56899/152.s1.03","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding trends in reference evapotranspiration (ETₒ) and their influencing factors is crucial for calculations of irrigation requirements and water management. Meteorological data in Central Luzon (1985–2019) were used to estimate ETₒ using the FAO Penman-Monteith method. Spatial and temporal ETₒ trends were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator. Correlation and sensitivity analyses were conducted to analyze the impact of weather variables on ETₒ. Positive correlations were observed for maximum temperature, solar radiation, and wind speed whereas negative correlations were observed for relative humidity and minimum temperature. In general, ETₒ was statistically dependent and most sensitive to solar radiation, maximum temperature, and relative humidity. ETₒ in the stations surrounded by mountains was consistently lower than the stations in the agricultural areas by 197 and 207 mm for the dry season and annual basis, respectively. The increasing trends with a magnitude of 3.98 mm/yr in annual ETₒ were caused by the rising trend in solar radiation and maximum temperature and a decreasing trend in relative humidity. The decreasing ETₒ trend (–2.6 to –4.63 mm/yr) predominant in the study area was mainly attributed to the decreasing trend of solar radiation and wind speed. Areas with increasing ETₒ trends indicate the need for supplemental irrigation. Decreasing ETₒ trends may indicate climate change, land-use change, or human-related factors.","PeriodicalId":39096,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Science","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91103481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Analysis of Landfalling Rapidly Weakening Tropical Cyclones in the Philippines 在菲律宾登陆的快速减弱热带气旋分析
Q3 Multidisciplinary Pub Date : 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.56899/152.s1.02
Joanne Mae Bautista Adelino, G. Bagtasa
Rapid weakening (RW) of tropical cyclones (TCs) is defined as the 90th percentile of all 24-h over-water weakening rates in the Western North Pacific (WNP) basin, corresponding to a decrease of at least 20 kt in the JMA dataset and 25 kt in the JTWC dataset. RW tends to occur along the 20 – 30° N latitude of the WNP, which makes the probability of RW TC landfall in the Philippines low. Over the study period from 1951–2020, a total of 468 and 563 WNP RW TCs were recorded, where only 17 and 19 of those made landfall in the country based on the JMA and JTWC datasets, respectively. Analysis of potential wind threats of landfalling RW TCs shows significantly lower hazards than non-RW TCs, except for those that make landfall on northern Luzon. RW occurs more frequently outside of the southwest monsoon or Habagat season. Simulations of two recently landfalling RW TCs – Typhoon (TY) Maysak (2015) and TY Yutu (2018) – using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model show the decrease in the equivalent potential temperature (𝜽e), a measure of the amount of heat and moisture in the atmosphere, in the TC inner core region can be used to diagnose RW. Constantly decreasing 𝜽e values below 400 𝑲 caused by cooler underlying sea surface temperature and/or dry air intrusion lead to TC RW. RW can also occur in low-shear environments. Environmental conditions that result in RW are typically observed from October–April of the following year, which explains the higher occurrence frequency of RW in the inactive TC season of the WNP. While the impacts of RW TCs are lower, over-forecasting a TC in one event can lead to a complacent populace for the next, as well as damage the reputation of forecasters, hence the importance of understanding RW.
热带气旋(tc)的快速减弱(RW)被定义为西北太平洋(WNP)盆地所有24小时水上减弱率的第90个百分点,对应于JMA数据集中至少减少20 kt, JTWC数据集中至少减少25 kt。RW倾向于沿WNP的20 - 30°N纬方向发生,这使得RW TC在菲律宾登陆的概率较低。在1951-2020年的研究期间,共记录了468和563次WNP RW tc,其中根据JMA和JTWC数据集分别只有17和19次在该国登陆。对登陆RW tc的潜在风威胁的分析表明,除了登陆吕宋岛北部的RW tc外,RW tc的危害明显低于非RW tc。RW在西南季风或Habagat季节之外更频繁发生。使用天气研究与预报(WRF)模型对最近登陆的两个RW TC -台风(TY) Maysak(2015)和台风Yutu(2018) -进行模拟显示,在TC内心区,等效势温(𝜽e)的减少可用于诊断RW。等效势温是大气中热量和水分的度量。由于下垫海表温度较低和/或干空气入侵,导致TC RW值在400𝑲以下不断降低𝜽e值。RW也可能发生在低切变环境中。导致水波的环境条件通常在次年10月至4月出现,这也解释了水波在西太平洋非活动季的发生频率较高。虽然RW TC的影响较低,但在一个事件中过度预测TC可能导致民众对下一个事件自满,并损害预报员的声誉,因此理解RW的重要性。
{"title":"Analysis of Landfalling Rapidly Weakening Tropical Cyclones in the Philippines","authors":"Joanne Mae Bautista Adelino, G. Bagtasa","doi":"10.56899/152.s1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56899/152.s1.02","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid weakening (RW) of tropical cyclones (TCs) is defined as the 90th percentile of all 24-h over-water weakening rates in the Western North Pacific (WNP) basin, corresponding to a decrease of at least 20 kt in the JMA dataset and 25 kt in the JTWC dataset. RW tends to occur along the 20 – 30° N latitude of the WNP, which makes the probability of RW TC landfall in the Philippines low. Over the study period from 1951–2020, a total of 468 and 563 WNP RW TCs were recorded, where only 17 and 19 of those made landfall in the country based on the JMA and JTWC datasets, respectively. Analysis of potential wind threats of landfalling RW TCs shows significantly lower hazards than non-RW TCs, except for those that make landfall on northern Luzon. RW occurs more frequently outside of the southwest monsoon or Habagat season. Simulations of two recently landfalling RW TCs – Typhoon (TY) Maysak (2015) and TY Yutu (2018) – using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model show the decrease in the equivalent potential temperature (𝜽e), a measure of the amount of heat and moisture in the atmosphere, in the TC inner core region can be used to diagnose RW. Constantly decreasing 𝜽e values below 400 𝑲 caused by cooler underlying sea surface temperature and/or dry air intrusion lead to TC RW. RW can also occur in low-shear environments. Environmental conditions that result in RW are typically observed from October–April of the following year, which explains the higher occurrence frequency of RW in the inactive TC season of the WNP. While the impacts of RW TCs are lower, over-forecasting a TC in one event can lead to a complacent populace for the next, as well as damage the reputation of forecasters, hence the importance of understanding RW.","PeriodicalId":39096,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Science","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90155897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Carbon Storage of Vegetation in the Different Land Uses of Mt. Musuan in Bukidnon, Philippines 菲律宾布基农木须山不同土地利用方式下植被碳储量
Q3 Multidisciplinary Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.56899/152.03.27
J. Paquit, V. Amoroso, Kleia Deinisa Polinar
Mt. Musuan is a mountain ecosystem that is valued for its biodiversity and ecotourism. In order to further enhance the biodiversity and ecotourism activities, the current status of its land uses and the carbon storage of its vegetation was assessed. Findings have shown four major ecosystems in the area – namely, natural forest, plantation forests, grass-shrubland, and agro-ecosystem – which respectively cover 16% (66 ha), 24% (103 ha), 39% (164 ha), and 20% (85 ha) of the mountain’s 425-ha total land area. Trails and physical facilities occupy the remaining 1%. Fifteen (15) land uses were delineated, wherein eight are forest plantations. The largest area was the G. arborea plantation that comprised 37% (38.23 ha), whereas the least was the P. caribaea plantation that only covers 0.7% (0.73 ha). The summit has an area of about 1800 m2, from which around 1000 m2 can be used by visitors for sightseeing and camping. The designated viewing area at the very top is much smaller and is estimated only at around 100 m2. In terms of vegetation carbon storage, the natural forest stores an estimated 208 Mg C ha–1. For the entire Mt. Musuan, an estimated 25,522 Mg C is stored, 47% (13,657 Mg C) of which is in the natural forest. The data and findings in this study will have potential use in planning. Based on the spatial pattern of the land uses, planners and implementers will be guided on where to put up development projects and investments related to biodiversity and ecotourism development. Effective management of the natural forest to protect its remaining biodiversity and carbon should be done. Accelerated rehabilitation of the grass-shrubland ecosystem should also be done to further enhance the biodiversity and ecotourism potential of the area, as well as its capacity to store carbon.
木须山是一个以生物多样性和生态旅游为特色的山地生态系统。为了进一步加强生物多样性和生态旅游活动,对其土地利用现状和植被碳储量进行了评价。研究结果表明,该地区有四大生态系统,即天然林、人工林、草灌林和农业生态系统,分别占山区总面积425公顷的16%(66公顷)、24%(103公顷)、39%(164公顷)和20%(85公顷)。小径和物理设施占据了剩下的1%。划定了15个土地用途,其中8个是人工林。乔木人工林面积最大,占38.23 ha(37%),加勒比人工林面积最少,仅占0.73 ha(0.7%)。山顶面积约1800平方米,其中约1000平方米可供游客观光和露营。顶层的指定观景区要小得多,估计只有100平方米左右。在植被碳储量方面,天然林的碳储量估计为208 Mg C ha-1。在整个木山,估计有25,522毫克的碳储存,其中47%(13,657毫克)是在自然森林中。这项研究的数据和结果将对规划有潜在的用途。根据土地利用的空间格局,指导规划者和实施者在哪里开展与生物多样性和生态旅游开发有关的开发项目和投资。应该对天然林进行有效管理,以保护其剩余的生物多样性和碳。还应加快恢复草灌丛生态系统,以进一步提高该地区的生物多样性和生态旅游潜力,以及其储存碳的能力。
{"title":"Carbon Storage of Vegetation in the Different Land Uses of Mt. Musuan in Bukidnon, Philippines","authors":"J. Paquit, V. Amoroso, Kleia Deinisa Polinar","doi":"10.56899/152.03.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56899/152.03.27","url":null,"abstract":"Mt. Musuan is a mountain ecosystem that is valued for its biodiversity and ecotourism. In order to further enhance the biodiversity and ecotourism activities, the current status of its land uses and the carbon storage of its vegetation was assessed. Findings have shown four major ecosystems in the area – namely, natural forest, plantation forests, grass-shrubland, and agro-ecosystem – which respectively cover 16% (66 ha), 24% (103 ha), 39% (164 ha), and 20% (85 ha) of the mountain’s 425-ha total land area. Trails and physical facilities occupy the remaining 1%. Fifteen (15) land uses were delineated, wherein eight are forest plantations. The largest area was the G. arborea plantation that comprised 37% (38.23 ha), whereas the least was the P. caribaea plantation that only covers 0.7% (0.73 ha). The summit has an area of about 1800 m2, from which around 1000 m2 can be used by visitors for sightseeing and camping. The designated viewing area at the very top is much smaller and is estimated only at around 100 m2. In terms of vegetation carbon storage, the natural forest stores an estimated 208 Mg C ha–1. For the entire Mt. Musuan, an estimated 25,522 Mg C is stored, 47% (13,657 Mg C) of which is in the natural forest. The data and findings in this study will have potential use in planning. Based on the spatial pattern of the land uses, planners and implementers will be guided on where to put up development projects and investments related to biodiversity and ecotourism development. Effective management of the natural forest to protect its remaining biodiversity and carbon should be done. Accelerated rehabilitation of the grass-shrubland ecosystem should also be done to further enhance the biodiversity and ecotourism potential of the area, as well as its capacity to store carbon.","PeriodicalId":39096,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Science","volume":"2015 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87085335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Phytochemicals, Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities of Philippine Forest Woody Vines 菲律宾森林木本藤本植物化学成分、总酚含量、抗氧化和抗菌活性的评价
Q3 Multidisciplinary Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.56899/152.03.25
Kim Wilmer Balagot, Kimberly Delica, R. Lapuz, Rowena Ramos, Grace Rowena Bisana
Woody vines are herbaceous plants that use different clinging structures to find vertical support from nearby trees. They are commonly used for handicraft purposes but there were reports that they were used for medicinal applications. With this, the stems of eight forest woody vine species were evaluated for their phytochemical components, total phenolic content, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities. These were Strychnos minor Denrst. (“balakbakin”), Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr (“albotra”), Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. (“bulakan”), Hypserpa nitida Miers ex Benth (“lalapau”), Symphorema luzonicum (Blanco) F.-Vill. (“mulawing-baging”), Dicranopteris linearis (Burm. f.) (“tilob”), Connarus semidecandrus (Zoll.) Leenh. (“kamagsa brown”), and Entada phaseoloides (L.) Merr (“gugo”), which are all native to the Philippines. Results showed that S. minor and S. luzonicum had the highest extraction yield of 6.28 ± 0.39% and 6.26 ± 0.77%, respectively. Phytochemical screening revealed that the crude extracts contained different phytochemicals such as alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, and tannins. For total phenolic content, ethanolic extracts of woody vines ranged from 9.51–640.24 mg GAE/g dried extract with C. semidecandrus and S. luzonicum were found to have higher amounts among forest woody vines with values of 640.24 ± 7.13 and 398.94 ± 20.08 mg GAE/g dried extract, respectively. Moreover, DPPH results showed that D. linearis, S. luzonicum, E. phaseoloides, and C. semidecandrus had strong antioxidant activities, which ranged from 5.99–17.88 μg/mL IC50 and were higher than the butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) standard (28.47 μg/mL IC50). On the other hand, M. peltata, A. flava, H. nitida, and S. minor antioxidant activity ranged from 40.61–78.65 μg/mL IC50. Similar results of FRAP assay showed that S. luzonicum had the highest antioxidant activity with 2.68 ± 0.07 μmol TE/g dried extract, whereas S. minor and H. nitida had the lowest antioxidant activity with 0.43 μmol TE/g dried extract ± 0.03 and 0.41 ± 0.02 μmol TE/g dried extract, respectively. Among the tested microorganisms for antimicrobial assay (well diffusion method), the growth of S. aureus was susceptible to the ethanolic extracts of S. luzonicum and C. Semidecandrus with inhibition zones of 21.3 ± 1.4 and 20.1 ± 2.5 mm, respectively. Overall, results show that woody vines contain phytochemicals with promising antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. These results could be used as a baseline in the purification of woody vines’ bioactive components.
木本藤本植物是草本植物,它们利用不同的附着结构从附近的树木那里寻找垂直的支撑物。它们通常用于手工艺目的,但也有报道称它们被用于药用。在此基础上,研究了8种森林木本藤本植物的植物化学成分、总酚含量、抗氧化和抗菌活性。这些是马钱子小丹斯特。(" balakbakin ");Merr (" albotra "), Merremia peltata (L.)稳定。(“bulakan”),Hypserpa nitida Miers ex Benth(“lalapau”),Symphorema luzonicum (Blanco) f - vill。(“mulawing- bagging”),Dicranopteris linearis (Burm。f.)(“tilob”);Leenh。(kamagsa brown)和Entada phaseoloides (L.)Merr(“gugo”),这些都是原产于菲律宾的。结果表明,黄芪的提取率最高,分别为6.28±0.39%和6.26±0.77%。植物化学筛选表明,粗提物中含有不同的植物化学物质,如生物碱、类固醇、萜类和单宁。木本藤本植物乙醇提取物的总酚含量在9.51 ~ 640.24 mg GAE/g之间,其中半蜡木和芦杉的总酚含量最高,分别为640.24±7.13和398.94±20.08 mg GAE/g。此外,DPPH结果表明,线状木霉、芦竹霉、相色木霉和半蜡木霉具有较强的抗氧化活性,IC50范围为5.99 ~ 17.88 μg/mL,均高于丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)标准(28.47 μg/mL IC50)。褐皮霉、黄酮类、黑螺旋藻和S. minor的抗氧化活性在40.61 ~ 78.65 μg/mL之间。相似的FRAP测定结果表明,芦花草的抗氧化活性最高,为2.68±0.07 μmol TE/g干提取物,而山楂和黑荆的抗氧化活性最低,分别为0.43 μmol TE/g干提取物±0.03和0.41±0.02 μmol TE/g干提取物。采用孔扩散法对金黄色葡萄球菌进行抑菌试验,结果表明,金黄色葡萄球菌对芦花葡萄醇提物和半蜡葡萄醇提物的生长敏感,抑菌带分别为21.3±1.4 mm和20.1±2.5 mm。总体而言,结果表明木本藤本植物含有具有良好抗氧化和抗菌特性的植物化学物质。这些结果可作为木本藤生物活性成分纯化的基础。
{"title":"Evaluation of Phytochemicals, Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities of Philippine Forest Woody Vines","authors":"Kim Wilmer Balagot, Kimberly Delica, R. Lapuz, Rowena Ramos, Grace Rowena Bisana","doi":"10.56899/152.03.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56899/152.03.25","url":null,"abstract":"Woody vines are herbaceous plants that use different clinging structures to find vertical support from nearby trees. They are commonly used for handicraft purposes but there were reports that they were used for medicinal applications. With this, the stems of eight forest woody vine species were evaluated for their phytochemical components, total phenolic content, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities. These were Strychnos minor Denrst. (“balakbakin”), Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr (“albotra”), Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. (“bulakan”), Hypserpa nitida Miers ex Benth (“lalapau”), Symphorema luzonicum (Blanco) F.-Vill. (“mulawing-baging”), Dicranopteris linearis (Burm. f.) (“tilob”), Connarus semidecandrus (Zoll.) Leenh. (“kamagsa brown”), and Entada phaseoloides (L.) Merr (“gugo”), which are all native to the Philippines. Results showed that S. minor and S. luzonicum had the highest extraction yield of 6.28 ± 0.39% and 6.26 ± 0.77%, respectively. Phytochemical screening revealed that the crude extracts contained different phytochemicals such as alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, and tannins. For total phenolic content, ethanolic extracts of woody vines ranged from 9.51–640.24 mg GAE/g dried extract with C. semidecandrus and S. luzonicum were found to have higher amounts among forest woody vines with values of 640.24 ± 7.13 and 398.94 ± 20.08 mg GAE/g dried extract, respectively. Moreover, DPPH results showed that D. linearis, S. luzonicum, E. phaseoloides, and C. semidecandrus had strong antioxidant activities, which ranged from 5.99–17.88 μg/mL IC50 and were higher than the butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) standard (28.47 μg/mL IC50). On the other hand, M. peltata, A. flava, H. nitida, and S. minor antioxidant activity ranged from 40.61–78.65 μg/mL IC50. Similar results of FRAP assay showed that S. luzonicum had the highest antioxidant activity with 2.68 ± 0.07 μmol TE/g dried extract, whereas S. minor and H. nitida had the lowest antioxidant activity with 0.43 μmol TE/g dried extract ± 0.03 and 0.41 ± 0.02 μmol TE/g dried extract, respectively. Among the tested microorganisms for antimicrobial assay (well diffusion method), the growth of S. aureus was susceptible to the ethanolic extracts of S. luzonicum and C. Semidecandrus with inhibition zones of 21.3 ± 1.4 and 20.1 ± 2.5 mm, respectively. Overall, results show that woody vines contain phytochemicals with promising antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. These results could be used as a baseline in the purification of woody vines’ bioactive components.","PeriodicalId":39096,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Science","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73068282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of the Virulence Factors and Antimicrobial Resistance of Enterobacteriaceae Isolates Associated with Clinical Mastitis in Dairy Cattle 与奶牛临床乳腺炎相关肠杆菌科分离株毒力因子及耐药性的表型和基因型特征
Q3 Multidisciplinary Pub Date : 2023-04-18 DOI: 10.56899/152.03.23
A. Ancuelo, R. Perez
Mastitis is a prevalent disease in dairy cattle. One of its important etiological agents is the species belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Thus, this study aims to characterize the virulence and multi-drug resistance (MDR) profiles of Enterobacteriaceae strains previously isolated from dairy cattle with clinical mastitis in Region 4-A, Philippines. Results showed that 60% of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 100% of the Proteeae tribe (Proteus spp., Providencia spp., and Morganella spp.) exhibited hemolytic activity. Hemolysin-coding gene, viz. hpmA, was suspected to contribute to the hemolytic activity of all Proteus spp. Biofilm formation was observed in several isolates and mrkD, ireA, ucaA, atfA, and ureG genes were expected to be accountable for this virulence trait. All Enterobacteriaceae strains were classified as MDR pathogens. All isolates exhibited resistance to erythromycin, penicillin, clindamycin, and lincomycin. Resistance to streptomycin and tetracycline was also exhibited by a significant number of isolates and the resistance genes (rrs and tetK) responsible for this resistance were most frequently detected. Only one isolate of M. morganii harbored integron-related gene intI2. The characterization of these strains has significant health and economic implications. Severe virulence and drug resistance of these strains pose a challenge in the management and treatment of intramammary infections in dairy farms. Being reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance-associated genes, these strains pose a threat to the food chain.
乳腺炎是奶牛的一种流行疾病。其中一个重要的病原是属于肠杆菌科的物种。因此,本研究旨在表征先前从菲律宾4-A区患有临床乳腺炎的奶牛中分离到的肠杆菌科菌株的毒力和多重耐药(MDR)谱。结果显示,60%的肺炎克雷伯菌和100%的Proteeae族(Proteus spp., Providencia spp., Morganella spp.)表现出溶血活性。溶血素编码基因,即hpmA,被怀疑对所有变形杆菌的溶血活性有贡献。在一些分离株中观察到生物膜形成,mrkD, ireA, ucaA, atfA和ureG基因被认为是造成这种毒力特性的原因。所有肠杆菌科菌株均被归类为耐多药病原菌。所有分离株均对红霉素、青霉素、克林霉素和林可霉素耐药。大量分离株对链霉素和四环素也表现出耐药性,并且最常检测到导致这种耐药性的耐药基因(rrs和tetK)。只有一株摩根氏分枝杆菌含有整合子相关基因intI2。这些菌株的特征具有重要的健康和经济意义。这些菌株的严重毒力和耐药性对奶牛场乳腺内感染的管理和治疗提出了挑战。作为抗菌素耐药性相关基因的储存库,这些菌株对食物链构成威胁。
{"title":"Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of the Virulence Factors and Antimicrobial Resistance of Enterobacteriaceae Isolates Associated with Clinical Mastitis in Dairy Cattle","authors":"A. Ancuelo, R. Perez","doi":"10.56899/152.03.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56899/152.03.23","url":null,"abstract":"Mastitis is a prevalent disease in dairy cattle. One of its important etiological agents is the species belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Thus, this study aims to characterize the virulence and multi-drug resistance (MDR) profiles of Enterobacteriaceae strains previously isolated from dairy cattle with clinical mastitis in Region 4-A, Philippines. Results showed that 60% of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 100% of the Proteeae tribe (Proteus spp., Providencia spp., and Morganella spp.) exhibited hemolytic activity. Hemolysin-coding gene, viz. hpmA, was suspected to contribute to the hemolytic activity of all Proteus spp. Biofilm formation was observed in several isolates and mrkD, ireA, ucaA, atfA, and ureG genes were expected to be accountable for this virulence trait. All Enterobacteriaceae strains were classified as MDR pathogens. All isolates exhibited resistance to erythromycin, penicillin, clindamycin, and lincomycin. Resistance to streptomycin and tetracycline was also exhibited by a significant number of isolates and the resistance genes (rrs and tetK) responsible for this resistance were most frequently detected. Only one isolate of M. morganii harbored integron-related gene intI2. The characterization of these strains has significant health and economic implications. Severe virulence and drug resistance of these strains pose a challenge in the management and treatment of intramammary infections in dairy farms. Being reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance-associated genes, these strains pose a threat to the food chain.","PeriodicalId":39096,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Science","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81322206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Habitat Preference of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus: a Case Study on Dengue Endemic Areas of Sumatera, Indonesia 埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊的生境偏好——以印度尼西亚苏门答腊登革热流行区为例
Q3 Multidisciplinary Pub Date : 2023-04-17 DOI: 10.56899/152.03.21
Siti Nurjanah, T. Atmowidi, U. Hadi, D. Solihin, W. Priawandiputra, Meidaliyantisyah Meidaliyantisyah
Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) are vectors that cause dengue hemorrhagic fever. The cases of this disease have often become an extraordinary event in Bandar Lampung City, Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze bioecological factors, i.e. habitat preference, larvae density, characteristics of the breeding sites, as well as the morphological and molecular identification of Ae. aegypti dan Ae. albopictus in dengue-endemic areas of Bandar Lampung. Results showed that the larval density of these vectors in three areas was moderate, and Ae. aegypti was found dominant. The Maya index (MI) values of Ae. aegypti showed moderate and low categories (87 and 13%), whereas those of Ae. albopictus were 91 and 9%, respectively. Seven and 11 characters of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus has been described, respectively. Additionally, their COI gene sequence (size of 725 bp) similarity values ranged from 98–99%. Data from the study can be used in planning a control strategy and identifying the main priority areas for entomological surveys toward disease epidemic control.
埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊(双翅目:库蚊科)是引起登革热出血热的媒介。在印度尼西亚楠榜市,这种疾病的病例往往成为一件非同寻常的事件。因此,本研究旨在分析伊蚊的生境偏好、幼虫密度、孳生地点特征以及形态和分子鉴定等生物生态因素。埃及,埃及在南榜市登革热流行地区发现白纹伊蚊。结果表明,3个地区的媒介蚊幼虫密度中等;埃及伊蚊占主导地位。Ae的Maya索引(MI)值。埃及伊蚊为中、低分类(87%和13%);白纹伊蚊分别占91%和9%。Ae的7和11个字符。埃及伊蚊和伊蚊。分别对白纹伊蚊进行了描述。COI基因序列(大小为725 bp)相似度在98 ~ 99%之间。该研究的数据可用于规划控制策略和确定昆虫学调查的主要优先领域,以实现疾病流行控制。
{"title":"Habitat Preference of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus: a Case Study on Dengue Endemic Areas of Sumatera, Indonesia","authors":"Siti Nurjanah, T. Atmowidi, U. Hadi, D. Solihin, W. Priawandiputra, Meidaliyantisyah Meidaliyantisyah","doi":"10.56899/152.03.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56899/152.03.21","url":null,"abstract":"Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) are vectors that cause dengue hemorrhagic fever. The cases of this disease have often become an extraordinary event in Bandar Lampung City, Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze bioecological factors, i.e. habitat preference, larvae density, characteristics of the breeding sites, as well as the morphological and molecular identification of Ae. aegypti dan Ae. albopictus in dengue-endemic areas of Bandar Lampung. Results showed that the larval density of these vectors in three areas was moderate, and Ae. aegypti was found dominant. The Maya index (MI) values of Ae. aegypti showed moderate and low categories (87 and 13%), whereas those of Ae. albopictus were 91 and 9%, respectively. Seven and 11 characters of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus has been described, respectively. Additionally, their COI gene sequence (size of 725 bp) similarity values ranged from 98–99%. Data from the study can be used in planning a control strategy and identifying the main priority areas for entomological surveys toward disease epidemic control.","PeriodicalId":39096,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Science","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81833205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Microstructures of Austenitic Stainless Steel 56Fe25Ni16.6Cr0.9Si0.5Mn Solid-treated with Different Cooling Rates 不同冷却速率下奥氏体不锈钢56Fe25Ni16.6Cr0.9Si0.5Mn的显微组织
Q3 Multidisciplinary Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.56899/152.03.19
M. Dani, F. Aziz, Parikin Farihin, A. Dimyati, S. G. Sukaryo, Joshua Gunawan Lesmana, A. Insani, S. Mustofa, M. Panitra, Ching An Huang
A new synthesized 56Fe25Ni16.6Cr0.9Si0.5Mn austenitic stainless steel (ASS) was produced through casting and then annealing and normalizing at 1100 °C, followed by cooling at different rates. Microstructures of the samples were studied by using X-ray and neutron diffractometers, scanning, and transmission electron microscopes. The stainless steel had a face center cubic structure (X-ray diffraction profile). The microstructure of ASS consists of γ-austenite matrix and high Cr carbide particles in the interior grains and grain boundaries. It seemed that the annealing process affected information of γ-austenite grain size in the ASS, growing larger compared to grain size formed in the normalizing process, similarly by cooling into the air, water, and oil media. The M23C7 islands in the grain boundary formed into a larger size after annealing or normalizing processes, and in addition, the island shape was more elongated. No significant changes were found concerning the particle size and shape of M7C6 at the grain boundary of the ASS after annealing or normalizing. Neutron diffraction patterns confirmed the Fm3m space group symmetry of ASS as obtained by the XRD method, therefore establishing ASS as an austenite phase. Results of the uniform deformation method (UDM) analysis applied upon the high-resolution powder neutron diffractometer (HRPD) intensity showed that the deformation strain was 2.3705 × 10–4. TEM results for ASS showed that the sizes of rectangular precipitates ranged from 63 × 32 nm to 84 × 42 nm with larger-sized irregulars reaching about 190 nm across. All these results showed that an ASS has been successfully synthesized and that it has a promising future to be used as a high-temperature structural material.
采用铸造、1100℃退火、正火、不同速率冷却等工艺制备了一种新型的56Fe25Ni16.6Cr0.9Si0.5Mn奥氏体不锈钢(ASS)。利用x射线衍射仪、中子衍射仪、扫描电镜和透射电镜对样品的微观结构进行了研究。不锈钢具有面心立方结构(x射线衍射剖面)。ASS的显微组织由γ-奥氏体基体和内部晶界的高Cr碳化物颗粒组成。退火过程似乎影响了ASS中γ-奥氏体晶粒尺寸的信息,与正火过程中形成的晶粒尺寸相比,同样是冷却到空气、水和油介质中。经退火或正火处理后,晶界上的M23C7岛状组织尺寸增大,岛状组织拉长。退火和正火处理后,晶界处的M7C6晶粒尺寸和形状没有明显变化。中子衍射图证实了XRD法得到的as的Fm3m空间群对称性,从而确定ASS为奥氏体相。采用均匀变形法(UDM)对高分辨率粉末中子衍射仪(HRPD)强度进行分析,结果表明变形应变为2.3705 × 10-4。透射电镜结果表明,矩形析出物的尺寸范围为63 × 32 nm ~ 84 × 42 nm,较大的不规则物直径约为190 nm。所有这些结果都表明,已成功合成了一种as,它作为高温结构材料具有广阔的应用前景。
{"title":"Microstructures of Austenitic Stainless Steel 56Fe25Ni16.6Cr0.9Si0.5Mn Solid-treated with Different Cooling Rates","authors":"M. Dani, F. Aziz, Parikin Farihin, A. Dimyati, S. G. Sukaryo, Joshua Gunawan Lesmana, A. Insani, S. Mustofa, M. Panitra, Ching An Huang","doi":"10.56899/152.03.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56899/152.03.19","url":null,"abstract":"A new synthesized 56Fe25Ni16.6Cr0.9Si0.5Mn austenitic stainless steel (ASS) was produced through casting and then annealing and normalizing at 1100 °C, followed by cooling at different rates. Microstructures of the samples were studied by using X-ray and neutron diffractometers, scanning, and transmission electron microscopes. The stainless steel had a face center cubic structure (X-ray diffraction profile). The microstructure of ASS consists of γ-austenite matrix and high Cr carbide particles in the interior grains and grain boundaries. It seemed that the annealing process affected information of γ-austenite grain size in the ASS, growing larger compared to grain size formed in the normalizing process, similarly by cooling into the air, water, and oil media. The M23C7 islands in the grain boundary formed into a larger size after annealing or normalizing processes, and in addition, the island shape was more elongated. No significant changes were found concerning the particle size and shape of M7C6 at the grain boundary of the ASS after annealing or normalizing. Neutron diffraction patterns confirmed the Fm3m space group symmetry of ASS as obtained by the XRD method, therefore establishing ASS as an austenite phase. Results of the uniform deformation method (UDM) analysis applied upon the high-resolution powder neutron diffractometer (HRPD) intensity showed that the deformation strain was 2.3705 × 10–4. TEM results for ASS showed that the sizes of rectangular precipitates ranged from 63 × 32 nm to 84 × 42 nm with larger-sized irregulars reaching about 190 nm across. All these results showed that an ASS has been successfully synthesized and that it has a promising future to be used as a high-temperature structural material.","PeriodicalId":39096,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Science","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78335959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PID-FUZZY Control System for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV): Highly Accurate FPGA Implementation 自主水下航行器(AUV) PID-FUZZY控制系统:高精度FPGA实现
Q3 Multidisciplinary Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.56899/152.03.20
D. Bhattacharya, C. Puttamadappa
Because of the linear and nonlinear variations in the operating environment, autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are one of the most difficult applications. The complexity of the control algorithm should be less for real-time implementation in a field programable gate array logic (FPGA) device. In this work, a highly accurate FPGA implementation of PID-Fuzzy control strategy is proposed for an AUV operation that is extremely precise. Parameters such as weight, water density, and depth are used to perform highly efficient and accurate control for the proposed system. A type II fuzzy logic controller and accompanying proportional-integral- derivative controller are used to confine pitch and depth boundaries. The proposed design is modeled using SIMULINK software, and Verilog code is generated using hardware description language coder from MATLAB. Xilinx software is used to synthesize the Verilog code for spartan FPGA. The proposed technique improves the accuracy and reduces the response time when compared to the conventional control strategy.
由于操作环境的线性和非线性变化,自主水下航行器(auv)是最困难的应用之一。为了在现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)器件中实时实现,控制算法的复杂性应降低。在这项工作中,提出了一种高精度的FPGA实现pid -模糊控制策略,用于非常精确的AUV操作。使用重量、水密度和深度等参数对所提出的系统进行高效和精确的控制。使用II型模糊控制器和相应的比例-积分-导数控制器来限制俯仰边界和深度边界。本设计采用SIMULINK软件进行建模,利用MATLAB中的硬件描述语言编码器生成Verilog代码。采用Xilinx软件合成了spartan FPGA的Verilog代码。与传统控制策略相比,该方法提高了控制精度,缩短了响应时间。
{"title":"PID-FUZZY Control System for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV): Highly Accurate FPGA Implementation","authors":"D. Bhattacharya, C. Puttamadappa","doi":"10.56899/152.03.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56899/152.03.20","url":null,"abstract":"Because of the linear and nonlinear variations in the operating environment, autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are one of the most difficult applications. The complexity of the control algorithm should be less for real-time implementation in a field programable gate array logic (FPGA) device. In this work, a highly accurate FPGA implementation of PID-Fuzzy control strategy is proposed for an AUV operation that is extremely precise. Parameters such as weight, water density, and depth are used to perform highly efficient and accurate control for the proposed system. A type II fuzzy logic controller and accompanying proportional-integral- derivative controller are used to confine pitch and depth boundaries. The proposed design is modeled using SIMULINK software, and Verilog code is generated using hardware description language coder from MATLAB. Xilinx software is used to synthesize the Verilog code for spartan FPGA. The proposed technique improves the accuracy and reduces the response time when compared to the conventional control strategy.","PeriodicalId":39096,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87790469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Variation in Lycopene Epsilon-Cyclase Gene in Selected Tomato Genotypes Revealed by EcoTILLING and Sequencing 利用EcoTILLING和测序技术揭示番茄红素epsilon环化酶基因在部分番茄基因型中的变异
Q3 Multidisciplinary Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.56899/152.03.11
P. Guevarra, Roanne Gardoce, Hayde F. Galvez
Selected tomato genotypes with contrasting fruit colors of orange and red were investigated for sequence-level variations of candidate genes involved in lycopene cyclization. Sequence-specific markers for tomato lycopene beta-cyclase (3) and lycopene epsilon-cyclase (1) genes were designed and used to screen for putative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) through Ecotype Targeted Induced Local Lesions IN Genome (EcoTILLING) and Sanger sequencing. Despite being regarded as among the evolutionarily conserved genes in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway of tomato, four homozygous and heterozygous SNPs were identified in lycopene epsilon-cyclase gene at the upstream of Exon 1 (1 SNP) and the intronic region between Exons 1 and 2 (3 SNPs) based on multiple sequence alignment of the processing tomato hybrid ‘Ilocos Red’ and table type inbred ‘Hawaii7996’. These SNPs may have a regulatory association with variations in tomato carotenoid metabolism. Interestingly, no sequence difference was found between FLA456 and ‘Super Apollo’ despite being characterized by orange and red fruit colors, respectively. The results support prior studies suggesting that lycopene cyclase genes are transcriptionally controlled as evidenced by their highly conserved sequences. The SNPs characterized in this study at the promoter and intronic regions of lycopene epsilon-cyclase are starting loci to investigate further the genetic control of this gene in regulating carotenoid metabolism and products that result in varying tomato fruit phenotypes.
选择果实颜色为橙色和红色的番茄基因型,对参与番茄红素环化的候选基因的序列水平变异进行了研究。设计了番茄红素β -环化酶(3)和番茄红素epsilon-环化酶(1)基因序列特异性标记,并通过Ecotype Targeted Induced Local病变IN Genome (EcoTILLING)和Sanger测序筛选推测的单核苷酸多态性(snp)。虽然在番茄类胡萝卜素生物合成途径中被认为是进化保守的基因之一,但通过对加工番茄杂交种Ilocos Red和表型自交系Hawaii7996的多序列比对,在番茄红素epsilon环化酶基因1外显子上游(1 SNP)和1外显子与2外显子之间的内含子区域(3 SNP)鉴定出4个纯合和杂合SNP。这些snp可能与番茄类胡萝卜素代谢的变化具有调节关联。有趣的是,FLA456和“超级阿波罗”之间没有发现序列差异,尽管它们分别具有橙色和红色的水果色。结果支持先前的研究表明,番茄红素环化酶基因是转录控制的,证明了其高度保守的序列。本研究中在番茄红素epsilon环化酶启动子和内含子区域发现的snp是进一步研究该基因在调节类胡萝卜素代谢和导致不同番茄果实表型的产物中的遗传控制的开始位点。
{"title":"Variation in Lycopene Epsilon-Cyclase Gene in Selected Tomato Genotypes Revealed by EcoTILLING and Sequencing","authors":"P. Guevarra, Roanne Gardoce, Hayde F. Galvez","doi":"10.56899/152.03.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56899/152.03.11","url":null,"abstract":"Selected tomato genotypes with contrasting fruit colors of orange and red were investigated for sequence-level variations of candidate genes involved in lycopene cyclization. Sequence-specific markers for tomato lycopene beta-cyclase (3) and lycopene epsilon-cyclase (1) genes were designed and used to screen for putative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) through Ecotype Targeted Induced Local Lesions IN Genome (EcoTILLING) and Sanger sequencing. Despite being regarded as among the evolutionarily conserved genes in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway of tomato, four homozygous and heterozygous SNPs were identified in lycopene epsilon-cyclase gene at the upstream of Exon 1 (1 SNP) and the intronic region between Exons 1 and 2 (3 SNPs) based on multiple sequence alignment of the processing tomato hybrid ‘Ilocos Red’ and table type inbred ‘Hawaii7996’. These SNPs may have a regulatory association with variations in tomato carotenoid metabolism. Interestingly, no sequence difference was found between FLA456 and ‘Super Apollo’ despite being characterized by orange and red fruit colors, respectively. The results support prior studies suggesting that lycopene cyclase genes are transcriptionally controlled as evidenced by their highly conserved sequences. The SNPs characterized in this study at the promoter and intronic regions of lycopene epsilon-cyclase are starting loci to investigate further the genetic control of this gene in regulating carotenoid metabolism and products that result in varying tomato fruit phenotypes.","PeriodicalId":39096,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80368418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Philippine Journal of Science
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1