The knowledge of velocities of a remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV) is crucial for the study of the ROV motion. The ROV motion equations are complemented by hydrodynamic parameters and forces acting upon the ROV. The matrices of hydrodynamic damping coefficients and external forces acting upon the ROV are considered in this study as well. The computational results obtained by the Runge-Kutta method are compared with the experiment. It appears that the presented model can be useful for the design and investigation of remotely operated underwater vehicles.
{"title":"A Motion Model of a Complex-Shaped Remotely Operated Underwater Vehicle","authors":"T. Nguyen, Horák, Thu Tran, Quang Hoang","doi":"10.3849/AIMT.01403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/AIMT.01403","url":null,"abstract":"The knowledge of velocities of a remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV) is crucial for the study of the ROV motion. The ROV motion equations are complemented by hydrodynamic parameters and forces acting upon the ROV. The matrices of hydrodynamic damping coefficients and external forces acting upon the ROV are considered in this study as well. The computational results obtained by the Runge-Kutta method are compared with the experiment. It appears that the presented model can be useful for the design and investigation of remotely operated underwater vehicles.","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45076262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: The article solves the problem of complex substantiation of reliability and maintainability requirements for mobility means of surface-to-air missile (SAM) systems considering hierarchical structure of mentioned systems and appropriate characteristics of their mobility means, minimum configuration of SAM system means for air defense operation and a number of tactical characteristics of operation area. The quantitative characteristics of effectiveness of SAM system mobility means are measured by the coefficient of effectiveness sustainment which is the ratio of initial effect considering reliability and maintainability of mobility means to its value in case of faultless mobility means. The developed mathematical models, which are proposed for further use as a program product, are designed for defining the limit values of such reliability measures as mean range between failures and mean recovery time of combat and technical facilities of SAM system corresponding to given values of coefficient of effectiveness sustainment.
{"title":"Reliability and Maintainability Requirements for Mobility Means of Surface-to-Air Missile Systems","authors":"Open’ko, Tyurin, Mironyuk, Drannyk, Kobzev","doi":"10.3849/AIMT.01402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/AIMT.01402","url":null,"abstract":": The article solves the problem of complex substantiation of reliability and maintainability requirements for mobility means of surface-to-air missile (SAM) systems considering hierarchical structure of mentioned systems and appropriate characteristics of their mobility means, minimum configuration of SAM system means for air defense operation and a number of tactical characteristics of operation area. The quantitative characteristics of effectiveness of SAM system mobility means are measured by the coefficient of effectiveness sustainment which is the ratio of initial effect considering reliability and maintainability of mobility means to its value in case of faultless mobility means. The developed mathematical models, which are proposed for further use as a program product, are designed for defining the limit values of such reliability measures as mean range between failures and mean recovery time of combat and technical facilities of SAM system corresponding to given values of coefficient of effectiveness sustainment.","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43326618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: This publication is devoted to the issues of risk assessment in the safety management system of military aviation. The method of proactive assessment of risks to flight safety based on the number of dangerous events, which is based on correlation-regression analysis, provides an opportunity to predict the conditions that contribute to the occurrence of accidents. Studies conducted with this method have confirmed the dependence of the number of aviation accidents and serious incidents on incidents recorded for different groups of reasons, as well as on the intensity of flight activities. The obtained results can provide initial data for quantitative risk assessment in the safety management system of military aviation. The implementation of such an approach is appropriate in safety management systems in the transition phase from active to proactive approaches, until a sufficient information database on hazards is accumulated.
{"title":"The Method of Proactive Risk Assessment for Flight Safety Based on the Rate of Dangerous Events","authors":"Honcharenko, Martyniuk, Radko, Open’ko","doi":"10.3849/AIMT.01424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/AIMT.01424","url":null,"abstract":": This publication is devoted to the issues of risk assessment in the safety management system of military aviation. The method of proactive assessment of risks to flight safety based on the number of dangerous events, which is based on correlation-regression analysis, provides an opportunity to predict the conditions that contribute to the occurrence of accidents. Studies conducted with this method have confirmed the dependence of the number of aviation accidents and serious incidents on incidents recorded for different groups of reasons, as well as on the intensity of flight activities. The obtained results can provide initial data for quantitative risk assessment in the safety management system of military aviation. The implementation of such an approach is appropriate in safety management systems in the transition phase from active to proactive approaches, until a sufficient information database on hazards is accumulated.","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45067822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: The paper describes a solving procedure of the special Finite Volume Method (FVM) problem dealing with calculation of a flow field around air-to-air missile at subsonic, transonic and supersonic velocity range in order to obtain a coefficient of drag (c D ). Some emphasis is put on numerical solution and fundamentals of FVM and use of a k- ω turbulence model for simulation of subsonic and supersonic flow fieldsaround air-to-air missile AIM-9 Sidewinder version M. Obtained results of missile aerodynamics characteristics are verified using semi-empirical software and by analysis of flow fields.
{"title":"Improved Estimation of Air-to-Air Missile Aerodynamic Characteristics with Using CFD Method","authors":"Vašek, Polacek, Konečný","doi":"10.3849/AIMT.01373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/AIMT.01373","url":null,"abstract":": The paper describes a solving procedure of the special Finite Volume Method (FVM) problem dealing with calculation of a flow field around air-to-air missile at subsonic, transonic and supersonic velocity range in order to obtain a coefficient of drag (c D ). Some emphasis is put on numerical solution and fundamentals of FVM and use of a k- ω turbulence model for simulation of subsonic and supersonic flow fieldsaround air-to-air missile AIM-9 Sidewinder version M. Obtained results of missile aerodynamics characteristics are verified using semi-empirical software and by analysis of flow fields.","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43912181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A method is proposed for determining the boundaries of the maximum largest zone of stable radio reception in the UHF/VHF range using beam antenna system under the action of several sources of radio interference located at different altitudes. The increase in the size of the stable radio reception area is ensured by the optimal orientation of the antenna arrangement at each point in azimuth and angular altitude using the radio communication channel model. To determine the coordinates of the map points belonging to the boundary, a modification of the wave algorithm is proposed. The conducted experimental studies for the Mototrbo DP4800 and Kenwood TK-8302 radio equipment allow concluding that the theoretical positions and computer simulation analysis results obtained are reliable.
{"title":"Development of a Method for Boundary Determination of the Noise-resistant Area of the UHF/VHF Band","authors":"Iohov, Maliuk, Horielyshev, Tkachenko, Herasimov","doi":"10.3849/AIMT.01376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/AIMT.01376","url":null,"abstract":"A method is proposed for determining the boundaries of the maximum largest zone of stable radio reception in the UHF/VHF range using beam antenna system under the action of several sources of radio interference located at different altitudes. The increase in the size of the stable radio reception area is ensured by the optimal orientation of the antenna arrangement at each point in azimuth and angular altitude using the radio communication channel model. To determine the coordinates of the map points belonging to the boundary, a modification of the wave algorithm is proposed. The conducted experimental studies for the Mototrbo DP4800 and Kenwood TK-8302 radio equipment allow concluding that the theoretical positions and computer simulation analysis results obtained are reliable.","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44145925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luong Tran, Ha Nguyen, Vesely, Dvorak, Minh Duong, S. Doan
The paper deals with the optimization of the sparse planar antenna array for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation in two dimensions (azimuth and elevation). The optimization algorithm was proposed on the basis of the peak sidelobe level (SLL) and half-power beamwidth (HPBW) parameters. In empirical validation, we have set up a measurement system to test the efficiency of an optimized array configuration. The array was configured using the patch antennas with frequency band 2.4 GHz. In comparison with several popular array configurations, the experimental results show that the proposed antenna array was optimized, and it provided higher accuracy and resolution in two-dimensional (2D) DOA estimation.
{"title":"Optimization of Non-uniform Planar Antenna Array Topology in Two-dimensional DOA Estimation","authors":"Luong Tran, Ha Nguyen, Vesely, Dvorak, Minh Duong, S. Doan","doi":"10.3849/AIMT.01389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/AIMT.01389","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the optimization of the sparse planar antenna array for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation in two dimensions (azimuth and elevation). The optimization algorithm was proposed on the basis of the peak sidelobe level (SLL) and half-power beamwidth (HPBW) parameters. In empirical validation, we have set up a measurement system to test the efficiency of an optimized array configuration. The array was configured using the patch antennas with frequency band 2.4 GHz. In comparison with several popular array configurations, the experimental results show that the proposed antenna array was optimized, and it provided higher accuracy and resolution in two-dimensional (2D) DOA estimation.","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43928972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The compressibility model was developed and applied to generalized model for prediction of aerodynamic forces acting on irregularly shaped body, such as HE projectile fragments. Model assumes adiabatic compression of air in front of high‐velocity fragment since the motion of the fragment is an extremely fast process relative to the heat transfer process. The equation of the state of the ideal gas is adopted. Analysis of results and comparison with results obtained by numerical simulation (CFD software) and experimental data show this correction model significantly reduces the relative error of aerodynamic force modelling in the relevant area of the high velocity of the fragment, when the air compression is significant.
{"title":"Contribution to Compressibility Modelling in the Estimation of Forces Acting on Projectile Fragments","authors":"Kljuno, Catovic","doi":"10.3849/AIMT.01371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/AIMT.01371","url":null,"abstract":"The compressibility model was developed and applied to generalized model for prediction of aerodynamic forces acting on irregularly shaped body, such as HE projectile fragments. Model assumes adiabatic compression of air in front of high‐velocity fragment since the motion of the fragment is an extremely fast process relative to the heat transfer process. The equation of the state of the ideal gas is adopted. Analysis of results and comparison with results obtained by numerical simulation (CFD software) and experimental data show this correction model significantly reduces the relative error of aerodynamic force modelling in the relevant area of the high velocity of the fragment, when the air compression is significant.","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44035434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: The article discusses the issues related to the adaptation of flights performed by military unmanned aerial vehicles in Poland (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle – UAV) to the civil aviation requirements. The unmanned aerial vehicles’ flight capabilities were discussed from the perspective of using the automatic flight control system to minimise a threat to civil and military aviation. Owing to the growing interest of the European Union (EU) in unmanned systems, there are many threats related to the broadly understood traffic safety in the European airspace.
{"title":"Study of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Flight Capabilities in the Aspect of Civil and Military Aviation Safety","authors":"Nowakowski, Szelmanowski, Pazur, Franczuk, Rykaczewski, Paterek","doi":"10.3849/AIMT.01407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/AIMT.01407","url":null,"abstract":": The article discusses the issues related to the adaptation of flights performed by military unmanned aerial vehicles in Poland (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle – UAV) to the civil aviation requirements. The unmanned aerial vehicles’ flight capabilities were discussed from the perspective of using the automatic flight control system to minimise a threat to civil and military aviation. Owing to the growing interest of the European Union (EU) in unmanned systems, there are many threats related to the broadly understood traffic safety in the European airspace.","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42511661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biodiesel fuels play an important role in addressing issues such as food security and environmental pollution. Diesel oil fuel and biodiesel-diesel blends (including B5S, B10S, and B100S which are produced from the rubber seed oil by supercritical methods) are going to be examined in this study. Engine performance, emissions and combustion characteristics of diesel engine were studied. The results of this experimental research show that the oxygen content of biodiesel helps to improve combustion, reduce ignition delay and decrease a significant amount of smoke density emitted from the engine; however, improved combustion has resulted in a slight increase in the amount of NOx. The results from this study have made contribution to the development and use of biodiesel fuel.
{"title":"The Effect of Biodiesel on Combustion, Performance and Emission Characteristics of DI Diesel Engine","authors":"H. Nguyen, Čorňák","doi":"10.3849/AIMT.01384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/AIMT.01384","url":null,"abstract":"Biodiesel fuels play an important role in addressing issues such as food security and environmental pollution. Diesel oil fuel and biodiesel-diesel blends (including B5S, B10S, and B100S which are produced from the rubber seed oil by supercritical methods) are going to be examined in this study. Engine performance, emissions and combustion characteristics of diesel engine were studied. The results of this experimental research show that the oxygen content of biodiesel helps to improve combustion, reduce ignition delay and decrease a significant amount of smoke density emitted from the engine; however, improved combustion has resulted in a slight increase in the amount of NOx. The results from this study have made contribution to the development and use of biodiesel fuel.","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42225772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marta Galant-Gołębiewska, Wojciech Zawada, Marta Maciejewska
The number of tasks performed by the operator increases the cognitive load. Its uses pilot’s resources needed to properly perform the task, the so-called cognitive resources. This term refers to the degree of cognitive resource involvement in the current activity of the entity. Depending on the complexity of the task, the consumption of cognitive resources increases. When the maximum consumption of resources is achieved, the cognitive system, which deals with coding, processing and ultimately reproducing information, is unable to compensate for the available task requirements by the available resources. Then it comes to the so-called cognitive overload. The effectiveness of performing tasks is initially constantly high, but as soon as the overload point is reached it begins to decrease rapidly. In this article research aimed at determining the impact of the intensification of actions on the pilot's cognitive load in a simulated flight were presented. The work introduces key concepts and presents the motivation for the undertaken work. The research methodology presents in detail the test stand – CKAS MS5 flight simulator, research group and tools used for analysis. The tests were divided into two groups: pre-flight verification tests and tests of increasing intensity carried out during the flight. The work was carried out at the Simulation Research Laboratory of the Poznan University of Technology. Based on the collected data, it has been proved that along with the intensification of the tasks imposed on the pilot, the level of his cognitive load also increases. Further inference leads to the conclusion that cognitive overload is one of the main reasons for pilots' mistakes. The linear relationship between experience and cognitive load has also been proven in the studied group. It was pointed out that the more experience in piloting and better knowledge of the piloted aircraft, the less load the operator is subjected to.
{"title":"Analysis of Pilot’s Cognitive Overload Changes during the Flight","authors":"Marta Galant-Gołębiewska, Wojciech Zawada, Marta Maciejewska","doi":"10.3849/AIMT.01408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3849/AIMT.01408","url":null,"abstract":"The number of tasks performed by the operator increases the cognitive load. Its uses pilot’s resources needed to properly perform the task, the so-called cognitive resources. This term refers to the degree of cognitive resource involvement in the current activity of the entity. Depending on the complexity of the task, the consumption of cognitive resources increases. When the maximum consumption of resources is achieved, the cognitive system, which deals with coding, processing and ultimately reproducing information, is unable to compensate for the available task requirements by the available resources. Then it comes to the so-called cognitive overload. The effectiveness of performing tasks is initially constantly high, but as soon as the overload point is reached it begins to decrease rapidly. In this article research aimed at determining the impact of the intensification of actions on the pilot's cognitive load in a simulated flight were presented. The work introduces key concepts and presents the motivation for the undertaken work. The research methodology presents in detail the test stand – CKAS MS5 flight simulator, research group and tools used for analysis. The tests were divided into two groups: pre-flight verification tests and tests of increasing intensity carried out during the flight. The work was carried out at the Simulation Research Laboratory of the Poznan University of Technology. Based on the collected data, it has been proved that along with the intensification of the tasks imposed on the pilot, the level of his cognitive load also increases. Further inference leads to the conclusion that cognitive overload is one of the main reasons for pilots' mistakes. The linear relationship between experience and cognitive load has also been proven in the studied group. It was pointed out that the more experience in piloting and better knowledge of the piloted aircraft, the less load the operator is subjected to.","PeriodicalId":39125,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Military Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49534328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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