Pub Date : 2017-10-02DOI: 10.1080/09735070.2017.1387394
Z. Bahar, A. Beşer, Aygül Kıssal, F. Ersin, N. G. Aydogdu
ABSTRACT This study aimed to create an occupational safety program by reducing the rates of needlestick and sharps injuries in nurses. The universe of this experimental study was made up of nurses working in a university hospital and they were involved in a preliminary study before administering the sampling method. The data were collected through “Needlestick and Sharp Injuries Form” and “Clinical Observation and Evaluation Form”. As a result of this study, while the rate of needlestick and sharp injuries in nurses before the intervention was 31.2 percent, it was found to be 24.3 percent in the 9th month monitoring following the intervention, which yielded a significant difference. Needlestick and sharp injuries continued to occur. These results should be considered in the design of occupational safety programs to reduce the NSIs at the Hospital Center. It is also necessary to establish a monitoring system of needlestick and sharp injuries at a hospital level and a reporting system at the national level in Turkey.
{"title":"Nursing Interventions in the Prevention of Needlestick and Sharps Injuries: The Case of a University Hospital in Turkey","authors":"Z. Bahar, A. Beşer, Aygül Kıssal, F. Ersin, N. G. Aydogdu","doi":"10.1080/09735070.2017.1387394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09735070.2017.1387394","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study aimed to create an occupational safety program by reducing the rates of needlestick and sharps injuries in nurses. The universe of this experimental study was made up of nurses working in a university hospital and they were involved in a preliminary study before administering the sampling method. The data were collected through “Needlestick and Sharp Injuries Form” and “Clinical Observation and Evaluation Form”. As a result of this study, while the rate of needlestick and sharp injuries in nurses before the intervention was 31.2 percent, it was found to be 24.3 percent in the 9th month monitoring following the intervention, which yielded a significant difference. Needlestick and sharp injuries continued to occur. These results should be considered in the design of occupational safety programs to reduce the NSIs at the Hospital Center. It is also necessary to establish a monitoring system of needlestick and sharp injuries at a hospital level and a reporting system at the national level in Turkey.","PeriodicalId":39279,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Ethno-Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09735070.2017.1387394","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44327949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-02DOI: 10.1080/09735070.2017.1385937
B. Paulchamy
ABSTRACT In this paper, the analysis and removal of artifacts is done by the proposed technique. Normally, ECG is one of the components of artifacts source and EEG is mixed by various artifacts and affects the electroencephalographic data. For further clinical analysis the data preparation is important to minimize the artifacts. In proposed method, Improved Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (IANFIS) and Improved ANFISParticle Swarm Optimization (IANFIS-PSO) algorithms are used to separate the signals of ECG and EEG for eliminating artifacts and to intensify the estimation of EEG signal quality. The pre-processing is done by ennobled quantum based genetic algorithm for fast process of optimization and removal of noise interference. The simulation result shows the improvement in Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), minimum Mean-Square Error (MSE) along with the Power Spectrum Density (PSD) plot, which are used to measure the performance comparison of proposed with existing algorithm. The prospective method performs with more appropriate process of enhanced hybrid learning method and outperforms in minimizing the artifacts of ECG from the corrupted signals of EEG.
{"title":"Efficient Removal of Artifacts from EEG SIGNAL Using Enhanced Hybrid Learning Method","authors":"B. Paulchamy","doi":"10.1080/09735070.2017.1385937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09735070.2017.1385937","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this paper, the analysis and removal of artifacts is done by the proposed technique. Normally, ECG is one of the components of artifacts source and EEG is mixed by various artifacts and affects the electroencephalographic data. For further clinical analysis the data preparation is important to minimize the artifacts. In proposed method, Improved Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (IANFIS) and Improved ANFISParticle Swarm Optimization (IANFIS-PSO) algorithms are used to separate the signals of ECG and EEG for eliminating artifacts and to intensify the estimation of EEG signal quality. The pre-processing is done by ennobled quantum based genetic algorithm for fast process of optimization and removal of noise interference. The simulation result shows the improvement in Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), minimum Mean-Square Error (MSE) along with the Power Spectrum Density (PSD) plot, which are used to measure the performance comparison of proposed with existing algorithm. The prospective method performs with more appropriate process of enhanced hybrid learning method and outperforms in minimizing the artifacts of ECG from the corrupted signals of EEG.","PeriodicalId":39279,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Ethno-Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09735070.2017.1385937","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42461999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-03DOI: 10.1080/09735070.2017.1322368
Hassan Muhammad, S. M. Wazir, R. Khan
ABSTRACT In the present study, the researchers selected four plants from District Lakki Marwat and Bannu. The purpose of the study was evaluate the methanol extracts of these medicinal plants, namely, Tamarix aphylla, Euphorbia helioscopia, Coriandrum sativum and Peganum harmala for antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities. Plants dried in shade, were ground and obtained their methanol extracts. The extracts were evaluated for biological assays using the standard protocol for in vitro study. For the study of cytotoxic properties of plants methanol extracts were used against brine shrimps and their antimicrobial activities were also measured. Antioxidant activities against different free radicals were also checked. Brine shrimps showed seventy percent mortality rate to Tamarix aphylla extract having concentration of 500 μg/ml. The scavenging activity for free radicals was also significant at 500μg/ml. The present study revealed that these activities may be owing to the presence of bioactive constituents, isolation and purification of which is necessary.
{"title":"In Vitro Antioxidant, Antifungal and Cytotoxic Activities of Selected Medicinal Plants of District Bannu and Lakki Marwat","authors":"Hassan Muhammad, S. M. Wazir, R. Khan","doi":"10.1080/09735070.2017.1322368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09735070.2017.1322368","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the present study, the researchers selected four plants from District Lakki Marwat and Bannu. The purpose of the study was evaluate the methanol extracts of these medicinal plants, namely, Tamarix aphylla, Euphorbia helioscopia, Coriandrum sativum and Peganum harmala for antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities. Plants dried in shade, were ground and obtained their methanol extracts. The extracts were evaluated for biological assays using the standard protocol for in vitro study. For the study of cytotoxic properties of plants methanol extracts were used against brine shrimps and their antimicrobial activities were also measured. Antioxidant activities against different free radicals were also checked. Brine shrimps showed seventy percent mortality rate to Tamarix aphylla extract having concentration of 500 μg/ml. The scavenging activity for free radicals was also significant at 500μg/ml. The present study revealed that these activities may be owing to the presence of bioactive constituents, isolation and purification of which is necessary.","PeriodicalId":39279,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Ethno-Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09735070.2017.1322368","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46950232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-03DOI: 10.1080/09735070.2017.1322363
Murat Korkmaz, S. Taştan, A. Yücel
ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between smoking behavior and individual job performance at work. The hypotheses were generated upon the rationale of the study, and an empirical research was conducted. The survey was conducted on employees working in various sectors and organizations in Istanbul, Turkey. The interpretation of the statistical data revealed that there is a significant, negative and a weak relationship between smoking behavior and job performance. According to the findings of the regression analyses, there are significant and negative influences on job performance in three dimensions of smoking behaviors apart from the dimensions of smoking related injuries and occupational accidents. As a result, the total smoking behavior domain with four dimensions influenced job performance significantly and negatively. With this study’s evidences, organizations are encouraged to take precautions and actions to decrease smoking in workplaces and in individual lives, in order to achieve better individual and organizational results of well-being.
{"title":"An Examination of the Influence of Smoking Behavior on Individual Job Performance","authors":"Murat Korkmaz, S. Taştan, A. Yücel","doi":"10.1080/09735070.2017.1322363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09735070.2017.1322363","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between smoking behavior and individual job performance at work. The hypotheses were generated upon the rationale of the study, and an empirical research was conducted. The survey was conducted on employees working in various sectors and organizations in Istanbul, Turkey. The interpretation of the statistical data revealed that there is a significant, negative and a weak relationship between smoking behavior and job performance. According to the findings of the regression analyses, there are significant and negative influences on job performance in three dimensions of smoking behaviors apart from the dimensions of smoking related injuries and occupational accidents. As a result, the total smoking behavior domain with four dimensions influenced job performance significantly and negatively. With this study’s evidences, organizations are encouraged to take precautions and actions to decrease smoking in workplaces and in individual lives, in order to achieve better individual and organizational results of well-being.","PeriodicalId":39279,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Ethno-Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09735070.2017.1322363","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42395535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-03DOI: 10.1080/09735070.2017.1322367
Murat Korkmaz, A. Yücel, Ercanª ahbudak, K. Yıldız, Sevil Yildiz, Sevcan Karacabey, Erdal Şen, Ebru Cengiz, Ü. Sevil, A. Aytaç, E. Dünder
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to examine the satisfaction levels of patients who are being treated in hemodialysis unit in terms of different variables. A total of 222 patients were included in the research and they were being treated in nursing homes in the provinces of Istanbul, Sivas, Izmir, Ankara, Bolu, Gaziantep, Tekirdag and Diyarbakir. A questionnaire consisting of two parts was used as data gathering tool in the research. Reliability level of the scale items was tested and reliability coefficient (Cronbach Alpha) was found to be 0.933. It was derived from chi-square test, t-test and variance analysis techniques, frequency analysis, percentage and average values in the analysis of the acquired data. Furthermore, chi-square cross-table analysis was used in order to measure the satisfaction levels of individuals according to their demographic characteristics. At the end of the research, it was discovered that the satisfaction levels of the patients were low in general, and that dissatisfaction was on the highest level, especially in terms of information and as regards training.
{"title":"Examination of the Satisfaction Levels of Hemodialysis Patients","authors":"Murat Korkmaz, A. Yücel, Ercanª ahbudak, K. Yıldız, Sevil Yildiz, Sevcan Karacabey, Erdal Şen, Ebru Cengiz, Ü. Sevil, A. Aytaç, E. Dünder","doi":"10.1080/09735070.2017.1322367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09735070.2017.1322367","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to examine the satisfaction levels of patients who are being treated in hemodialysis unit in terms of different variables. A total of 222 patients were included in the research and they were being treated in nursing homes in the provinces of Istanbul, Sivas, Izmir, Ankara, Bolu, Gaziantep, Tekirdag and Diyarbakir. A questionnaire consisting of two parts was used as data gathering tool in the research. Reliability level of the scale items was tested and reliability coefficient (Cronbach Alpha) was found to be 0.933. It was derived from chi-square test, t-test and variance analysis techniques, frequency analysis, percentage and average values in the analysis of the acquired data. Furthermore, chi-square cross-table analysis was used in order to measure the satisfaction levels of individuals according to their demographic characteristics. At the end of the research, it was discovered that the satisfaction levels of the patients were low in general, and that dissatisfaction was on the highest level, especially in terms of information and as regards training.","PeriodicalId":39279,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Ethno-Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09735070.2017.1322367","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43483010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-03DOI: 10.1080/09735070.2017.1351555
M. Kargioğlu, Ş. Arı
ABSTRACT In order to make an inventory of herbal remedies commonly used in the treatment of diabetes, in Western Anatolia, 48 traditional herbal healers were interviewed in 17 different areas of the Afyonkarahisar region. In this study, an ethnobotanical approach to diabetes treatment has been shown by using medicinal and herbal plants. Ethnobotanical data was collected by administering a semi-structured questionnaire to 48 resource people (28 women and 20 men) and interviewing them about use of medicinal plants between 2015 and 2016. Ethnobotanical plant species were identified after bringing to the laboratory. They have also been cured with medicinal plants as ethnobotanical practices have been undergoing a cure during the study carried out. The plants reported have been identified and are presented in a table with their vernacular name, useful parts and medicinal uses. In addition, use values (UV) were calculated. An ethnobotanical approach was exhibited to struggle with the diabetes ailment. A different approach to cure diabetes is presented.
{"title":"Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal Plants Used For the Treatment of Diabetes in Western Anatolia, Turkey","authors":"M. Kargioğlu, Ş. Arı","doi":"10.1080/09735070.2017.1351555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09735070.2017.1351555","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In order to make an inventory of herbal remedies commonly used in the treatment of diabetes, in Western Anatolia, 48 traditional herbal healers were interviewed in 17 different areas of the Afyonkarahisar region. In this study, an ethnobotanical approach to diabetes treatment has been shown by using medicinal and herbal plants. Ethnobotanical data was collected by administering a semi-structured questionnaire to 48 resource people (28 women and 20 men) and interviewing them about use of medicinal plants between 2015 and 2016. Ethnobotanical plant species were identified after bringing to the laboratory. They have also been cured with medicinal plants as ethnobotanical practices have been undergoing a cure during the study carried out. The plants reported have been identified and are presented in a table with their vernacular name, useful parts and medicinal uses. In addition, use values (UV) were calculated. An ethnobotanical approach was exhibited to struggle with the diabetes ailment. A different approach to cure diabetes is presented.","PeriodicalId":39279,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Ethno-Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09735070.2017.1351555","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42777387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-03DOI: 10.1080/09735070.2017.1353109
S. Sreejaya, D. Archana, K. Santhy
ABSTRACT The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of Acorus calamus rhizome on serum biochemical parameters in experimental animals. Tumor was induced in mice intraperitoneally using Dalton’s ascites lymphoma cells. Methanol extract of Acorus calamus (MEAC) was administered to the mice at the dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg/day. The effect of the extract on serum enzyme levels was evaluated by analyzing the serum hematology and clinical biochemistry of experimental animals. Inoculation of Dalton’s ascites lymphoma cells caused significant decrease in the serum levels of alkaline phosphatise (ALP), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) in the treated mice when compared with the control group. Urea, uric acid, creatinine and triglyceride levels were controlled significantly. The results clearly indicated that the rhizome extract has the ability to retain the altered biochemical parameters as normal in induced mice supporting its potent anticancer and hepatoprotective effects.
{"title":"Biochemical Changes in the Serum of Experimental Animals Treated with Acorus calamus Rhizome","authors":"S. Sreejaya, D. Archana, K. Santhy","doi":"10.1080/09735070.2017.1353109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09735070.2017.1353109","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of Acorus calamus rhizome on serum biochemical parameters in experimental animals. Tumor was induced in mice intraperitoneally using Dalton’s ascites lymphoma cells. Methanol extract of Acorus calamus (MEAC) was administered to the mice at the dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg/day. The effect of the extract on serum enzyme levels was evaluated by analyzing the serum hematology and clinical biochemistry of experimental animals. Inoculation of Dalton’s ascites lymphoma cells caused significant decrease in the serum levels of alkaline phosphatise (ALP), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) in the treated mice when compared with the control group. Urea, uric acid, creatinine and triglyceride levels were controlled significantly. The results clearly indicated that the rhizome extract has the ability to retain the altered biochemical parameters as normal in induced mice supporting its potent anticancer and hepatoprotective effects.","PeriodicalId":39279,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Ethno-Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09735070.2017.1353109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46626031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-03DOI: 10.1080/09735070.2017.1305226
Sema Küçükkatırcı, H. Şahin, M. Soylu, B. Çiçek
ABSTRACT The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between nutritional status and quality of life in lung cancer patients. A total of 140 patients were assessed. Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS- 2002) tool was used to determine nutritional status and quality of life was assessed using The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Core Questionnaire (EORT QLQ-C30). The rate of malnutrition risk was forty percent of all patients, 38.8 percent of the males and 47.4 percent of the females. (p>0.05). The risk of malnutrition was higher among in-patients (52.1%) compared to outpatients (26.9%). In patients at risk of malnutrition, the subscale scores of EORT QLQ-C30 form for role function were lower while fatigue, pain, dyspnea, insomnia and anorexia scores were higher than the patients who are not at risk of malnutrition (p<0.05). As the patients’ total NRS- 2002 scores increases, their physical and role function scores decrease; and their fatigue, pain, dyspnea, insomnia and anorexia symptoms increase (p<0.05). Nutritional status of these patients should be assessed from the date of diagnosis of disease, these patients should receive nutrition counselling from a dietitian specialized in oncology areas and should be informed on the importance of nutritional status related to its preventive role on quality of life.
{"title":"Nutritional Status and Quality of Life in Lung Cancer Patients","authors":"Sema Küçükkatırcı, H. Şahin, M. Soylu, B. Çiçek","doi":"10.1080/09735070.2017.1305226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09735070.2017.1305226","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between nutritional status and quality of life in lung cancer patients. A total of 140 patients were assessed. Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS- 2002) tool was used to determine nutritional status and quality of life was assessed using The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Core Questionnaire (EORT QLQ-C30). The rate of malnutrition risk was forty percent of all patients, 38.8 percent of the males and 47.4 percent of the females. (p>0.05). The risk of malnutrition was higher among in-patients (52.1%) compared to outpatients (26.9%). In patients at risk of malnutrition, the subscale scores of EORT QLQ-C30 form for role function were lower while fatigue, pain, dyspnea, insomnia and anorexia scores were higher than the patients who are not at risk of malnutrition (p<0.05). As the patients’ total NRS- 2002 scores increases, their physical and role function scores decrease; and their fatigue, pain, dyspnea, insomnia and anorexia symptoms increase (p<0.05). Nutritional status of these patients should be assessed from the date of diagnosis of disease, these patients should receive nutrition counselling from a dietitian specialized in oncology areas and should be informed on the importance of nutritional status related to its preventive role on quality of life.","PeriodicalId":39279,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Ethno-Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09735070.2017.1305226","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42734359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-03DOI: 10.1080/09735070.2017.1316949
E. Benyera
ABSTRACT This is a confirmatory case study on HIV and AIDS prevalence in Rustenburg Local Municipal (RLM) in South Africa’s North West Province. Quantitative data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Random stratified sampling method was used to select respondents for the study. Risk factor and behaviour data was collected using the same instrument. The results confirmed that HIV prevalence in the municipality was 11 percent which conformed to national levels. Thirty-six percent of those that who tested HIV positive were males and sixty-four percent females. Risk factor analysis indicated that on average 8.4 percent of the respondents were at risk of contracting HIV. The researcher used these findings to draw lessons for sub-Saharan countries, the main ones being that game changers need to be implemented in a structural format and conclude that ‘throwing money at the problem’ will not work as long as hindrances to a structural approach to HIV and AIDS such as culturally harmful practises remain unresolved.
{"title":"HIV and AIDS in Rustenburg, South Africa: Trends, Risk Behaviors and Some Lessons","authors":"E. Benyera","doi":"10.1080/09735070.2017.1316949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09735070.2017.1316949","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This is a confirmatory case study on HIV and AIDS prevalence in Rustenburg Local Municipal (RLM) in South Africa’s North West Province. Quantitative data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Random stratified sampling method was used to select respondents for the study. Risk factor and behaviour data was collected using the same instrument. The results confirmed that HIV prevalence in the municipality was 11 percent which conformed to national levels. Thirty-six percent of those that who tested HIV positive were males and sixty-four percent females. Risk factor analysis indicated that on average 8.4 percent of the respondents were at risk of contracting HIV. The researcher used these findings to draw lessons for sub-Saharan countries, the main ones being that game changers need to be implemented in a structural format and conclude that ‘throwing money at the problem’ will not work as long as hindrances to a structural approach to HIV and AIDS such as culturally harmful practises remain unresolved.","PeriodicalId":39279,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Ethno-Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09735070.2017.1316949","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42914591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-03DOI: 10.1080/09735070.2017.1335109
G. Kaur, Neha Sudhera, Kulvir Singh, Gurinder Singh, D. Bassi
ABSTRACT The present study aims to explore the effect of hyperglycemia on lipid profile components of type 2 diabetes patients and to evaluate the gender differences in the lipid abnormalities in type 2 diabetes. A total of 680 diabetic patients (340 males and 340 females) with fasting blood glucose level (fasting glucose <126 mg/dl and with fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dl) were analyzed for serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and VLDL. The patients who had one or more parameters (TG, HDL or LDL) outside the targets recommended by American Diabetes Association (ADA) were considered to have dyslipidemia. The subjects with fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥126 mg/dl had more deranged levels of lipid profile components and there was a positive significant correlation of FBG with TG (r=0.3), TC (r=0.3), HDL (r=0.2), LDL (r=0.2) and VLDL (r=0.2). The prevalence of dyslipidemia in males and females were 97.6 percent and 89.9 percent, respectively. Combined dyslipidemia with high LDL and high TG was the most common pattern among males and isolated high LDL among females, contributing to 43.8 percent and 18.2 percent of patients with dyslipidemia, respectively. Dyslipidemia is the commonest complication of diabetes mellitus and the patients with high FBG had more deranged lipid values indicating that poor glycemic control is associated with abnormal lipid profile.
{"title":"Effect of Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) on Lipid Metabolism and Gender Differences in the Pattern of Dyslipidemia in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes in Northern India","authors":"G. Kaur, Neha Sudhera, Kulvir Singh, Gurinder Singh, D. Bassi","doi":"10.1080/09735070.2017.1335109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09735070.2017.1335109","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present study aims to explore the effect of hyperglycemia on lipid profile components of type 2 diabetes patients and to evaluate the gender differences in the lipid abnormalities in type 2 diabetes. A total of 680 diabetic patients (340 males and 340 females) with fasting blood glucose level (fasting glucose <126 mg/dl and with fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dl) were analyzed for serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and VLDL. The patients who had one or more parameters (TG, HDL or LDL) outside the targets recommended by American Diabetes Association (ADA) were considered to have dyslipidemia. The subjects with fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥126 mg/dl had more deranged levels of lipid profile components and there was a positive significant correlation of FBG with TG (r=0.3), TC (r=0.3), HDL (r=0.2), LDL (r=0.2) and VLDL (r=0.2). The prevalence of dyslipidemia in males and females were 97.6 percent and 89.9 percent, respectively. Combined dyslipidemia with high LDL and high TG was the most common pattern among males and isolated high LDL among females, contributing to 43.8 percent and 18.2 percent of patients with dyslipidemia, respectively. Dyslipidemia is the commonest complication of diabetes mellitus and the patients with high FBG had more deranged lipid values indicating that poor glycemic control is associated with abnormal lipid profile.","PeriodicalId":39279,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Ethno-Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09735070.2017.1335109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42916636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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