Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijvas.2020.116449
Sundresan Perumal, M. Tabassum, Dayang Siti Nur Amirah Bt Ab Ahmad Zulkipli
Smart devices are being utilised in industries to enhance their productivity and security. In this paper, we have developed a low-cost vehicle monitoring system using an Arduino UNO microcontroller and GSM module. The primary purpose of this research was to develop a low-cost system to start and track an automobile by integrating with GSM module. GPS and GSM modules were integrated with Arduino UNO microcontroller as a processor and controller for the whole system. An Android application was developed to communicate with the Arduino module and get the instruction from the user. The user can use the Android application to start their vehicle and track the vehicle. Locking and unlocking actions were programmed into the application for the vehicle's security purpose. The system could send the location information to the user's email address as part of the security feature. The system was successfully developed and tested in multiple real-time scenarios.
{"title":"Development of a low-cost smart vehicle start up and tracking system using Android and Arduino","authors":"Sundresan Perumal, M. Tabassum, Dayang Siti Nur Amirah Bt Ab Ahmad Zulkipli","doi":"10.1504/ijvas.2020.116449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijvas.2020.116449","url":null,"abstract":"Smart devices are being utilised in industries to enhance their productivity and security. In this paper, we have developed a low-cost vehicle monitoring system using an Arduino UNO microcontroller and GSM module. The primary purpose of this research was to develop a low-cost system to start and track an automobile by integrating with GSM module. GPS and GSM modules were integrated with Arduino UNO microcontroller as a processor and controller for the whole system. An Android application was developed to communicate with the Arduino module and get the instruction from the user. The user can use the Android application to start their vehicle and track the vehicle. Locking and unlocking actions were programmed into the application for the vehicle's security purpose. The system could send the location information to the user's email address as part of the security feature. The system was successfully developed and tested in multiple real-time scenarios.","PeriodicalId":39322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Autonomous Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66821122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijvas.2020.108399
Rahul S. Pol, B. Rani, M. Murugan
{"title":"Socio-realistic optimal path planning for indoor real-time autonomous mobile robot navigation","authors":"Rahul S. Pol, B. Rani, M. Murugan","doi":"10.1504/ijvas.2020.108399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijvas.2020.108399","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Autonomous Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/ijvas.2020.108399","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66821513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijvas.2020.116450
M. Revathi, Navaz Kader, P. Ramu
The issue of safety is very paramount in any automotive system, especially in automotive braking systems. Nowadays this safety is being somewhat overlooked as the efficient testing is not being performed on the braking systems. Nowadays it is one of the challenging tasks and keeps interest among researchers. In recent days, the researchers focused on designing the braking system which is dependent on servo vacuum booster. In this paper, we intend to aid a model to monitor the servo vacuum booster performance and also to improve the performance of the system. The virtual environment LabVIEW is the tool used to calibrate the system under test. The input stroke which is the replicant of the pedalling motion will be given through the servo motor at the rate required which is helpful to control the Programmable Logic Control (PLC). The parameters under measurement such as performance, jump in and threshold which are required for efficient braking system can be set by PLC programming in RS Logix 5000 software. Meeting the requirements while testing the servo vacuum booster will be considered as effective with no flaws and can be further processed.
{"title":"LabVIEW-based performance improvement of servo vacuum booster using programmable logic control","authors":"M. Revathi, Navaz Kader, P. Ramu","doi":"10.1504/ijvas.2020.116450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijvas.2020.116450","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of safety is very paramount in any automotive system, especially in automotive braking systems. Nowadays this safety is being somewhat overlooked as the efficient testing is not being performed on the braking systems. Nowadays it is one of the challenging tasks and keeps interest among researchers. In recent days, the researchers focused on designing the braking system which is dependent on servo vacuum booster. In this paper, we intend to aid a model to monitor the servo vacuum booster performance and also to improve the performance of the system. The virtual environment LabVIEW is the tool used to calibrate the system under test. The input stroke which is the replicant of the pedalling motion will be given through the servo motor at the rate required which is helpful to control the Programmable Logic Control (PLC). The parameters under measurement such as performance, jump in and threshold which are required for efficient braking system can be set by PLC programming in RS Logix 5000 software. Meeting the requirements while testing the servo vacuum booster will be considered as effective with no flaws and can be further processed.","PeriodicalId":39322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Autonomous Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66821175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijvas.2020.10039670
Chao Liu, Shengyi Yang
In this paper, a non-linear adaptive control method based on SO(3) for the quadrotor attitude tracking is proposed. Distinct from other control methods on Euclidean space, the controller proposed is developed on SO(3), which can avoid singularities and ambiguities. Besides, the geodesic on SO(3) is used to provide the shortest curve between the current attitude configuration and the desire attitude configuration. Then, a feedback controller based on geodesic is derived. To solve the problem that the inertial tensor of the quadrotor is unknown, an adaptive term is designed with the Lyapunov theory to estimate the inertial tensor. Thus, the almost global asymptotic stability of the quadrotor attitude tracking is achieved without the prior knowledge of the quadrotor inertia tensor. The numerical simulations are utilised to show better control performance of the adaptive geodesic feedback control method.
{"title":"Adaptive geodesic feedback controller design for the quadrotor","authors":"Chao Liu, Shengyi Yang","doi":"10.1504/ijvas.2020.10039670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijvas.2020.10039670","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a non-linear adaptive control method based on SO(3) for the quadrotor attitude tracking is proposed. Distinct from other control methods on Euclidean space, the controller proposed is developed on SO(3), which can avoid singularities and ambiguities. Besides, the geodesic on SO(3) is used to provide the shortest curve between the current attitude configuration and the desire attitude configuration. Then, a feedback controller based on geodesic is derived. To solve the problem that the inertial tensor of the quadrotor is unknown, an adaptive term is designed with the Lyapunov theory to estimate the inertial tensor. Thus, the almost global asymptotic stability of the quadrotor attitude tracking is achieved without the prior knowledge of the quadrotor inertia tensor. The numerical simulations are utilised to show better control performance of the adaptive geodesic feedback control method.","PeriodicalId":39322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Autonomous Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66821452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijvas.2020.10039658
D. Kumar, V. Kukreja, Virender Kadyan, Mohit Mittal
As the growth of IoT has been further reinforced by the advances, when used with other technologies like embedded systems, hardware and software enhancements, networking devices, but still there are so many threats in IoT that includes security, accuracy, performance, networks, and privacy. With the increased use of smart services, remote access, and frequent changes in networks has raised many security and privacy concerns. Therefore, security threats in IoT are one of the main issues while data transmission. Thus, network challenges and security issues concerning to IoT can be resolved by using machine learning (ML) techniques and algorithms. The current study outlined the security standards for IoT applications to enhance the performance and efficiency of the network and user services. As well as, the study focus is on comparing the Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Decision Trees for the detection of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks.
{"title":"Detection of DoS attacks using machine learning techniques","authors":"D. Kumar, V. Kukreja, Virender Kadyan, Mohit Mittal","doi":"10.1504/ijvas.2020.10039658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijvas.2020.10039658","url":null,"abstract":"As the growth of IoT has been further reinforced by the advances, when used with other technologies like embedded systems, hardware and software enhancements, networking devices, but still there are so many threats in IoT that includes security, accuracy, performance, networks, and privacy. With the increased use of smart services, remote access, and frequent changes in networks has raised many security and privacy concerns. Therefore, security threats in IoT are one of the main issues while data transmission. Thus, network challenges and security issues concerning to IoT can be resolved by using machine learning (ML) techniques and algorithms. The current study outlined the security standards for IoT applications to enhance the performance and efficiency of the network and user services. As well as, the study focus is on comparing the Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Decision Trees for the detection of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks.","PeriodicalId":39322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Autonomous Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66821398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijvas.2020.116447
M Lordwin Cecil Prabhaker, M. Revathi, P. Ramu
This work is intended to design the PMSM motor for a three-phase inverter and electronic gear equivalent circuit with two three-stage inverters for a three-wheel traction application. It also compares the performance parameters with the conventional gear. In recent times, Permanent Magnetic Brush Less DC (PMBLDC) and Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Motor (PMSM) motor drives have gained attention by establishing themselves as a potential alternative for conventional variable speed drives. The PMSM is widely used in many applications due to its high efficiency, torque ripple, high torque, and high performance, low and high-speed operation. This project includes inverter simulation using MATLAB simulation for speed and torque performance. By analysing the result, it can be seen that the proposed three-stage inverter-based e-gear for three-wheeler transmission offers better performance in continuous output power and torque compared to conventional gears.
{"title":"A hybrid three-wheeler e-gear using three-stage inverter","authors":"M Lordwin Cecil Prabhaker, M. Revathi, P. Ramu","doi":"10.1504/ijvas.2020.116447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijvas.2020.116447","url":null,"abstract":"This work is intended to design the PMSM motor for a three-phase inverter and electronic gear equivalent circuit with two three-stage inverters for a three-wheel traction application. It also compares the performance parameters with the conventional gear. In recent times, Permanent Magnetic Brush Less DC (PMBLDC) and Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Motor (PMSM) motor drives have gained attention by establishing themselves as a potential alternative for conventional variable speed drives. The PMSM is widely used in many applications due to its high efficiency, torque ripple, high torque, and high performance, low and high-speed operation. This project includes inverter simulation using MATLAB simulation for speed and torque performance. By analysing the result, it can be seen that the proposed three-stage inverter-based e-gear for three-wheeler transmission offers better performance in continuous output power and torque compared to conventional gears.","PeriodicalId":39322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Autonomous Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66821104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-24DOI: 10.1504/ijvas.2019.10024252
Ravinder Singh, K. S. Nagla
The reliable performance of the autonomous mobile robot depends upon the accuracy and reliability of the sensors. Mixed pixel problem is the consequence of the effects caused by diverse intrinsic and extrinsic parameters, impulse noise, variation in incident angle and beam width that reduce the reliability of the laser scanner that leads to generate uncertainty in sensory information. The objective of this study is to modify the laser sensor model by reducing the effect of the mixed pixel problem corresponding to incident angles and intensity by a newly designed algorithm - Edge Detection Technique (EDT) for laser scanner to generate an efficient mobile robot mapping for the robust autonomous navigation. Various real-world experiments have been performed to check the reliability of the proposed EDT algorithm linked with probabilistic laser sensor model fitted on a mobile robot and the obtained results are validated through qualitative and quantitative analysis corresponding to conventional approaches.
{"title":"Modified probabilistic laser sensor model to reduce the effect of the mixed pixel for robust autonomous mobile robot navigation","authors":"Ravinder Singh, K. S. Nagla","doi":"10.1504/ijvas.2019.10024252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijvas.2019.10024252","url":null,"abstract":"The reliable performance of the autonomous mobile robot depends upon the accuracy and reliability of the sensors. Mixed pixel problem is the consequence of the effects caused by diverse intrinsic and extrinsic parameters, impulse noise, variation in incident angle and beam width that reduce the reliability of the laser scanner that leads to generate uncertainty in sensory information. The objective of this study is to modify the laser sensor model by reducing the effect of the mixed pixel problem corresponding to incident angles and intensity by a newly designed algorithm - Edge Detection Technique (EDT) for laser scanner to generate an efficient mobile robot mapping for the robust autonomous navigation. Various real-world experiments have been performed to check the reliability of the proposed EDT algorithm linked with probabilistic laser sensor model fitted on a mobile robot and the obtained results are validated through qualitative and quantitative analysis corresponding to conventional approaches.","PeriodicalId":39322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Autonomous Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44827891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-24DOI: 10.1504/ijvas.2019.10024243
Jinyong Shangguan, Jianlu Gao, Hongqiang Guo, Qun Sun
An optimal power distribution control strategy is proposed in consideration of road gradient. Two original contributions are made to distinguish our work from current research. First, a sub-optimal State of Charge (SOC) predictive model is proposed based on Back Propagation (BP) neural network. The sampling set of the BP is obtained from the optimal results from Dynamic Programming (DP), based on a series of driving cycles in real-world and the corresponding road gradient. Second, an adaptive control method based on PID is proposed with the designed sub-optimal SOC predictive model. Specifically, the optimal shift schedule of the coupler is designed offline based on DP and is implemented into the controller in a prior fashion, to decouple the relationship between the coupler and the motors. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed adaptive control strategy can realise optimally real-time power distribution control and is better than rule-based power distribution strategy.
{"title":"An adaptive power distribution control strategy for an electric vehicle with dual-motor coupling in consideration of road gradient","authors":"Jinyong Shangguan, Jianlu Gao, Hongqiang Guo, Qun Sun","doi":"10.1504/ijvas.2019.10024243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijvas.2019.10024243","url":null,"abstract":"An optimal power distribution control strategy is proposed in consideration of road gradient. Two original contributions are made to distinguish our work from current research. First, a sub-optimal State of Charge (SOC) predictive model is proposed based on Back Propagation (BP) neural network. The sampling set of the BP is obtained from the optimal results from Dynamic Programming (DP), based on a series of driving cycles in real-world and the corresponding road gradient. Second, an adaptive control method based on PID is proposed with the designed sub-optimal SOC predictive model. Specifically, the optimal shift schedule of the coupler is designed offline based on DP and is implemented into the controller in a prior fashion, to decouple the relationship between the coupler and the motors. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed adaptive control strategy can realise optimally real-time power distribution control and is better than rule-based power distribution strategy.","PeriodicalId":39322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Autonomous Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48391903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-17DOI: 10.1504/IJVAS.2019.099829
S. Sumaryo, A. Halim, K. Ramli, E. Joelianto
Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is the integration between communication networks, real-time control, and information technology. The system is expected to perform more complex traffic arrangements, in particular traffic management of emergency vehicles. Implementation with traffic signal pre-emption alone is not enough to give space for the emergency vehicle to cross an intersection safely, especially if the lane street has only one lane. The paper proposes a new model of traffic discharge acceleration based on queueing theory approach. In the proposed model, two performance indicators are introduced which are: speed of normal traffic in front of the emergency vehicle and travelling time of the emergency vehicle. The aim is that the emergency vehicle could reach a destination within a certain time and a constant speed. Moreover, the delay should be managed to a minimum. Linear and exponential acceleration formulas of the traffic in front of the emergency vehicle are derived and then validated. Performances of the model are tested against the models in the literature. Simulation results show the proposed model leads to better assurance that emergency vehicle is not delayed significantly. Based on the validation test, a formula has also been developed according to the proposed model.
{"title":"Queueing theory based accelerated traffic discharging model in front of emergency vehicle on intersection","authors":"S. Sumaryo, A. Halim, K. Ramli, E. Joelianto","doi":"10.1504/IJVAS.2019.099829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJVAS.2019.099829","url":null,"abstract":"Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is the integration between communication networks, real-time control, and information technology. The system is expected to perform more complex traffic arrangements, in particular traffic management of emergency vehicles. Implementation with traffic signal pre-emption alone is not enough to give space for the emergency vehicle to cross an intersection safely, especially if the lane street has only one lane. The paper proposes a new model of traffic discharge acceleration based on queueing theory approach. In the proposed model, two performance indicators are introduced which are: speed of normal traffic in front of the emergency vehicle and travelling time of the emergency vehicle. The aim is that the emergency vehicle could reach a destination within a certain time and a constant speed. Moreover, the delay should be managed to a minimum. Linear and exponential acceleration formulas of the traffic in front of the emergency vehicle are derived and then validated. Performances of the model are tested against the models in the literature. Simulation results show the proposed model leads to better assurance that emergency vehicle is not delayed significantly. Based on the validation test, a formula has also been developed according to the proposed model.","PeriodicalId":39322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Autonomous Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJVAS.2019.099829","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48045841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-17DOI: 10.1504/IJVAS.2019.10021444
T. Sun, Xuwei Gong, Bin Li, Jian Wu
Aiming for improving the handling and stability performance of all-wheel-drive (AWD) vehicles, a novel torque vectoring system (TV) is proposed in this paper by distributing engine torque to the front and rear axles as well as transmitting the torque between the two rear wheels. Unlike brake-based control system such as electronic stability control (ESC), the TV system can extend the cornering stability limit without interference with the vehicle longitudinal dynamics, thus improve the vehicle stability while making the handling feel smooth and consistent. Torque vectoring control strategy is developed to allocate torque to each wheel under different driving conditions. LQR controller is designed to generate the corrective yaw moment. Simulations were firstly conducted to validate the effectiveness of this system. And then a scaled vehicle is built based on dynamic similarity of the Buckingham Pi theorem to further verify the proposed TV system. Compared with a conventional AWD vehicle with open differentials, the vehicle with the proposed TV system shows better understeer characteristics and increases the maximum level of lateral acceleration.
{"title":"A novel torque vectoring system for enhancing vehicle stability","authors":"T. Sun, Xuwei Gong, Bin Li, Jian Wu","doi":"10.1504/IJVAS.2019.10021444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJVAS.2019.10021444","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming for improving the handling and stability performance of all-wheel-drive (AWD) vehicles, a novel torque vectoring system (TV) is proposed in this paper by distributing engine torque to the front and rear axles as well as transmitting the torque between the two rear wheels. Unlike brake-based control system such as electronic stability control (ESC), the TV system can extend the cornering stability limit without interference with the vehicle longitudinal dynamics, thus improve the vehicle stability while making the handling feel smooth and consistent. Torque vectoring control strategy is developed to allocate torque to each wheel under different driving conditions. LQR controller is designed to generate the corrective yaw moment. Simulations were firstly conducted to validate the effectiveness of this system. And then a scaled vehicle is built based on dynamic similarity of the Buckingham Pi theorem to further verify the proposed TV system. Compared with a conventional AWD vehicle with open differentials, the vehicle with the proposed TV system shows better understeer characteristics and increases the maximum level of lateral acceleration.","PeriodicalId":39322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Autonomous Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44512766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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