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Emergent Specters and Disruptive Play in the Production of Disc Golf 圆盘高尔夫生产中的突发性Specters和颠覆性游戏
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2080779
Alex R. Colucci
ABSTRACT Disc golf is experiencing immense recent growth that, in 2020, noticeably outpaced the steady growth seen in the sport over the past decade. This spirited movement has vaulted disc golf into the position of a suddenly and perhaps unexpectedly emerging sport. “Growth” has become a central paradigm around which the sport (its institutions and participants) concentrates. Alongside this emergence, social and political issues emerge, unexpectedly for some, from the sport’s (recent) past that serve to challenge its present trajectory. To examine these emergences, I develop Derrida’s associated concepts of hauntology, absence/presence, and the trace to draw out and play with connections between the sport’s emergence issues. Revolving around “growth” as a central paradigm, production, excess, access, diversity, inclusion, toxicity, and sustainability all appear as related issues in the sport’s emergent present. Beginning with empirically based vignettes, I question the present social material condition of disc golf. This questioning, and emerging understanding, proceeds by drawing connections between the present condition of social relations in the sport and social and political theory. Here, I draw on an array of post-structural and political-economic theory during my analysis to carry through the vocabulary established by a hauntological framework and a sense of play. The resulting deconstruction provides both a playful vocabulary and conceptual apparatus for analyzing disc golf’s emergence and the status of other emerging sports. This process, in turn, demonstrates the transformative potential of embracing the decentering, disruptive potential inherent to ‘play’ in the double sense. The “play” of writing (with language) and the “play” of direct action that promotes difference to challenge fixed positions that are central to producing cultural phenomena, such as disc golf.
摘要:圆盘高尔夫最近正经历着巨大的增长,2020年的增长速度明显超过了过去十年的稳步增长。这一充满活力的运动使圆盘高尔夫一跃成为一项突然出现的运动,也许是出乎意料的。“增长”已成为这项运动(其机构和参与者)所关注的中心范式。在这一出现的同时,一些人出乎意料地从这项运动(最近)的过去中出现了社会和政治问题,这些问题挑战了它目前的发展轨迹。为了研究这些突发事件,我发展了德里达的相关概念,即出没学、缺席/在场,以及这项运动的出现问题之间的联系。围绕“增长”这一核心范式,生产、过剩、获取、多样性、包容性、毒性和可持续性都是这项运动新出现的相关问题。从基于经验的小插曲开始,我质疑圆盘高尔夫目前的社会物质条件。这种质疑和新出现的理解是通过将体育中的社会关系现状与社会和政治理论联系起来进行的。在这里,我在分析过程中借鉴了一系列后结构和政治经济学理论,以贯彻由一个闹鬼的框架和一种游戏感所建立的词汇。由此产生的解构为分析圆盘高尔夫的出现和其他新兴运动的地位提供了一个有趣的词汇和概念工具。这一过程反过来证明了在双重意义上拥抱“游戏”固有的分散、破坏性潜力的变革潜力。写作(与语言)的“游戏”和促进差异的直接行动“游戏”,以挑战对产生文化现象(如圆盘高尔夫)至关重要的固定位置。
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引用次数: 0
How Systemic Racism Shapes Access to Interscholastic Sports and Why It Matters 系统性种族主义如何影响校际体育的准入及其重要性
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2067927
Kaitlin Pericak, Brandon P. Martinez
ABSTRACT Interscholastic sports are an important resource that provides access to social, cultural, and economic capital; however, not all students have equal access to sports in public high schools. Utilizing theories of systemic racism, this study shows how racism affects housing and property taxes, which shapes resources provided in public schools. The authors use the example of interscholastic sports as a school resource to highlight another form of resource inequality in public schools. Findings reveal that public schools with more White students have more sports while schools with more Black students have fewer sports. Findings also reveal that public schools with more students on free lunch have fewer sports than schools with fewer students on free lunch. The authors argue that the lack of access to interscholastic sports is another way in which racial and class inequality is perpetuated in Miami-Dade County, Florida.
校际体育是获取社会、文化和经济资本的重要资源;然而,并不是所有的学生在公立高中都有平等的机会参加体育运动。利用系统性种族主义理论,本研究展示了种族主义如何影响住房和财产税,这影响了公立学校提供的资源。作者用校际体育作为学校资源的例子来强调公立学校资源不平等的另一种形式。调查结果显示,白人学生较多的公立学校体育活动较多,而黑人学生较多的学校体育活动较少。调查结果还显示,免费午餐学生较多的公立学校比免费午餐学生较少的学校体育活动较少。作者认为,缺乏校际体育活动是佛罗里达州迈阿密-戴德县种族和阶级不平等持续存在的另一种方式。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction to the Special Issue on Emerging Sports 新兴体育特刊简介
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-13 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2081003
J. Woods
central and analytical tools for to some
中央和分析工具的一些
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引用次数: 0
Between the Oche and Treble-Twenty: Darts as a “Way of Life” in Contemporary London 在Oche和triple - twenty之间:飞镖作为当代伦敦的“生活方式”
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-02 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2068098
Nicholas W. Howe Bukowski
ABSTRACT This article serves to answer the question, “What sustains the continued relevance of darts for working-class men in postindustrial Britain?” Darts remains a deeply popular activity and increasingly popular spectator sport in contemporary Britain, with common associations with the social clubs, working men’s clubs, and pubs of industrial Britain. This article addresses the continued place of darts within the context of the deeply destructive process of structural economic change that has transformed the country’s economic, social, and physical landscape and has deeply altered forms of working-class spaces of leisure from pubs to social clubs in long-standing neighborhoods. The author argues that darts is a medium that acts as a form of bridging between the periods of industrial and postindustrial Britain so as to continue working-class modes of socialization and relations that have been altered with the shift to postindustrialism. Darts acts as a mode of orientation and direction—a “way of life”—that mediates and enables a connection between industrial and postindustrial Britain. Moreover, the continuation of playing darts allows for the continuation of spaces of kinship and socialization for working-class men within profound gentrification and the transformation of London into a “Global City” dictated by financial capital. This basis of this article is derived from interviews and observation conducted at a series of amateur darts events across Greater London in January 2016. This article allows for a consideration of the role of leisure and sport within continued institutions and memories of class.
摘要本文旨在回答这样一个问题:“是什么维持了飞镖在后工业时代英国工薪阶层男性中的持续相关性?”飞镖在当代英国仍然是一项非常受欢迎的活动,也是一项越来越受欢迎的观众运动,与工业时代的英国社交俱乐部、工薪阶层俱乐部和酒吧有着共同的联系。这篇文章探讨了飞镖在结构经济变革这一极具破坏性的过程中的持续地位,这一过程改变了该国的经济、社会和自然景观,并深刻改变了工人阶级休闲空间的形式,从酒吧到历史悠久的社区的社交俱乐部。作者认为,飞镖是一种媒介,它充当了英国工业和后工业时代之间的桥梁,以延续工人阶级的社会化模式和关系,这些模式和关系随着后工业主义的转变而改变。飞镖作为一种定向和方向模式——一种“生活方式”——在工业和后工业时代的英国之间进行调解并实现联系。此外,玩飞镖的继续允许工人阶级男性在深刻的绅士化中继续保持亲属关系和社会化空间,并将伦敦转变为金融资本主导的“全球城市”。本文的基础来源于2016年1月在大伦敦举行的一系列业余飞镖活动中进行的采访和观察。这篇文章允许考虑休闲和体育在持续的制度和阶级记忆中的作用。
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引用次数: 1
Performing Gender in Recreational Pole Dancing: Enabling and Constraining Factors 娱乐性钢管舞表演中的性别因素及其制约因素
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-25 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2066589
A. L. Jensen, L. Thing
ABSTRACT Many people consider pole dancing to be a feminine leisure activity and a female dominated space, but it has recently gained observer status in the Global Association of International Sports Federation (GAISF), thus entering into the field of sport where hegemonic masculinity has historically prevailed. The strong connections between gender, body, and sport and the gender inequalities that permeate the sports culture make it interesting to explore the enabling and constraining factors of performing gender in recreational (i.e., nonoccupational) pole dancing, which is the aim of this article. The methodical approach is qualitative and inspired by ethnography. The article is based on a field study done in Copenhagen, Denmark, including observation, participation, and interviews. The theoretical perspective takes its point of departure in Judith Butler’s theory in Gender Trouble. First, the authors found that the body ideal in pole dance includes both feminine and masculine qualities. The analysis also shows that the different styles of pole dancing (i.e., “sportified” or “sexualized”) and the context in which pole dancing is practiced (i.e., women only or mixed sex) makes a difference regarding what enables and constrains men and women when it comes to performing gender. Inspired by Butler, the authors also discuss which possibilities pole dancing holds for performing gender in new ways, thus challenging oppressive gender norms. Finally, the authors discuss the implications of pole dance becoming a sport in relation to the possibilities of performing gender.
摘要许多人认为钢管舞是一种女性休闲活动,是女性主导的空间,但它最近在国际体育联合会全球协会(GAISF)获得了观察员地位,从而进入了历史上霸权男性盛行的体育领域。性别、身体和体育之间的紧密联系,以及渗透到体育文化中的性别不平等,使我们有兴趣探索在娱乐性(即非职业性)钢管舞中表演性别的促成和制约因素,这也是本文的目的。这种有条不紊的方法是定性的,并受到民族志的启发。这篇文章基于在丹麦哥本哈根进行的一项实地研究,包括观察、参与和采访。朱迪斯·巴特勒在《性别问题》中的理论视角有其出发点。首先,作者发现钢管舞中的身体理想包括女性和男性两种特质。分析还表明,钢管舞的不同风格(即“运动化”或“性化”)和练习钢管舞的背景(即仅限女性或混合性别)在表演性别时对男性和女性的能力和限制产生了影响。受巴特勒的启发,作者们还讨论了钢管舞以新的方式表现性别的可能性,从而挑战压迫性的性别规范。最后,作者讨论了钢管舞成为一项运动与表演性别的可能性之间的关系。
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引用次数: 3
Disseminating White Male Nationalist Discourses via YouTube: An Analysis of White Power Music Lyrics 通过YouTube传播白人男性民族主义话语——白人力量音乐歌词分析
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2046667
S. M. Alexander, Nicole Aggarwal, Anastasia M. Hite
ABSTRACT This study provides a qualitative content analysis of 66 white power songs, uploaded on YouTube between 2013 and 2019, by male musicians from seven countries. Three overarching themes are found in the lyrics: hatred of perceived enemies, justified actions against these enemies, and the adoption of white nationalist values. However, the data also show that the details of these themes vary by time and location. The authors argue that online white power music introduces fluid and contextualized ideologies of white male nationalism rather than repeating a fixed and static ideology. The effect of widely disseminating the various white nationalist ideologies online, as embedded in this cultural product featuring men, will be to normalize a range of offline thoughts and behaviors that were once widely condemned.
摘要本研究对来自七个国家的男性音乐家在2013年至2019年间上传到YouTube上的66首白人力量歌曲进行了定性内容分析。歌词中有三个首要主题:对被感知的敌人的仇恨,对这些敌人的正当行动,以及白人民族主义价值观的采用。然而,数据也显示,这些主题的细节因时间和地点而异。作者认为,在线白人力量音乐引入了白人男性民族主义的流动和情境化意识形态,而不是重复一种固定和静态的意识形态。在这种以男性为特征的文化产品中,在网上广泛传播各种白人民族主义意识形态,其效果将是使一系列曾经受到广泛谴责的线下思想和行为正常化。
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引用次数: 0
To Code-Switch or Not to Code-Switch: The Psychosocial Ramifications of Being Resilient Black Women Engineering and Computing Doctoral Students 代码转换或不代码转换:弹性黑人女性工程和计算机博士生的心理社会后果
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2054482
B. Spencer, S. Artis, Marjorie C. Shavers, S. Lesure, Aishwarya P. Joshi
ABSTRACT This qualitative study explored how 21 Black women enrolled in engineering and computing doctoral programs characterize and understand how they code-switch. We define code-switching as when Black women consciously or unconsciously modify the way they behave in engineering and computing environments to dissociate themselves from negative stereotypes held against their intersectional identities across gender and race. Utilizing Black feminist thought (BFT) as a theoretical framework, this study found that Black women experienced a host of detrimental challenges. Due to their environments, participants modified how they dressed and spoke in a conscious attempt to avoid reinforcing negative stereotypes held against Black women (i.e., the angry Black woman, the incompetent Black woman scientist, negative connotations of Black sounding names, and respectability politics of Black womanhood) and instead dispel these myths. To cope with the effects of code-switching, Black women relied heavily on their spirituality and identifying ways to reaffirm their Blackness. The implications of the findings indicate that Black women experience stress due to code-switching because of the stereotypes they encounter at the intersection of their gender and race.
摘要:这项定性研究探讨了21名参加工程和计算机博士项目的黑人女性如何描述和理解她们的代码转换。我们将代码转换定义为黑人女性有意识或无意识地改变她们在工程和计算环境中的行为方式,以摆脱针对其跨性别和种族交叉身份的负面刻板印象。本研究以黑人女权主义思想为理论框架,发现黑人女性经历了一系列不利的挑战。由于所处的环境,参与者有意识地改变了自己的穿着和说话方式,以避免强化对黑人女性的负面刻板印象(即愤怒的黑人女性、无能的黑人女科学家、听起来像黑人的名字的负面含义以及黑人女性的受人尊敬的政治),而是消除这些神话。为了应对代码转换的影响,黑人女性在很大程度上依赖于她们的精神和确定方法来重申自己的黑人身份。研究结果表明,黑人女性在性别和种族的交叉点上遇到了刻板印象,因此她们会因代码转换而感到压力。
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引用次数: 2
Heterogeneity in Neighborhood Social Integration: Understanding the Role of Private Support 邻里社会融合中的异质性:对私人支持作用的理解
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2048757
Ellen M. Whitehead
ABSTRACT Social connections between neighbors are critical to the livelihoods of low-income families, but the strength of ties may depend on whether residents receive assistance to live in their home and neighborhood. Prior research has documented that housing voucher recipients and those living within public housing can experience relatively weaker social integration within their neighborhoods, while homeowners tend to exhibit the strongest neighborhood attachment levels. However, we know less about those receiving private housing support by coresiding with friends and family. Using data from the Year 5 Follow-Up of the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (n = 3,912), this study examines the association between housing status and multiple indicators of neighborhood social integration. Results from logistic and linear regression models demonstrate that coresiders do not differ in terms of how well they know their neighbors, relative to homeowners, but perceive significantly lower levels of neighborhood social cohesion and engage less frequently with community organizations. Coresiders are distinctive from owners, renters, and public support recipients in terms of neighborhood attachment, yet data on this group is often obscured in surveys focused on household heads. Distinguishing between public and private support lends insight into the mechanisms that influence social integration, with living with family or friends potentially offering social entrée into a neighborhood.
邻居之间的社会联系对低收入家庭的生计至关重要,但联系的强度可能取决于居民是否在家中和社区生活。先前的研究表明,住房券接受者和住在公共住房内的人在社区内的社会融合程度相对较弱,而房主往往表现出最强的社区依恋水平。然而,我们对那些通过与朋友和家人合住而获得私人住房支持的人知之甚少。使用来自脆弱家庭和儿童福利研究5年随访的数据(n = 3912),本研究考察了住房状况与社区社会融合的多个指标之间的关系。逻辑回归模型和线性回归模型的结果表明,与房主相比,共同居民对邻居的了解程度没有差异,但邻里社会凝聚力明显较低,参与社区组织的频率也较低。就邻里关系而言,共同居住者与业主、租房者和公共支持接受者不同,但这一群体的数据往往在侧重于户主的调查中模糊不清。区分公共和私人支持有助于深入了解影响社会融合的机制,与家人或朋友一起生活可能会为社区提供社会交流。
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引用次数: 1
Gendering Identity Talk: Gamers’ Gendered Constructions of Gamer Identity 流派身份论:游戏者对游戏者身份的流派建构
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2042441
Bertan Buyukozturk
ABSTRACT Despite comprising roughly half of the gaming population and engaging in similar activities, women remain marginalized in gaming spaces. Previous scholarship has shown how cultural and subcultural gender conventions can serve to reproduce gender inequality in a range of social contexts. This article examines how video gamers used identity talk to gender themselves through the telling of self-narratives. Players represented themselves as gendered through narratives of play, framing similar gaming behaviors as either masculine or feminine. This retelling of gaming practices was rooted in larger, cultural meanings of gender, and in repackaging their gaming in gender-congruent manners, gamers reproduced gender within gaming spaces. Ultimately, this research presents how gamers maintained gaming as a social space dominated by men through their reproduction of a gender order that valued men’s play and minimized women’s play.
摘要尽管女性约占游戏人口的一半,并从事类似的活动,但在游戏空间中,女性仍然处于边缘地位。先前的学术研究表明,文化和亚文化性别公约如何在一系列社会背景下再现性别不平等。本文探讨了视频游戏玩家如何通过讲述自我故事,利用身份对话来性别化自己。玩家通过游戏叙事将自己表现为性别化,将类似的游戏行为框定为男性或女性。这种对游戏实践的复述植根于更大的性别文化意义,通过以性别一致的方式重新包装游戏,玩家在游戏空间中再现了性别。最终,这项研究展示了游戏玩家如何通过复制重视男性游戏并尽量减少女性游戏的性别秩序,将游戏维持为男性主导的社交空间。
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引用次数: 0
A Qualitative Case Study of Catholic Patients’ Responses to Pain, Suffering, and Redemption: Application and Evaluation of the Rational Choice Approach to Religion 天主教病患对痛苦、苦难与救赎反应的质性个案研究:理性选择方法在宗教中的应用与评价
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2021.2010247
Yuk-ying Ho
ABSTRACT Many studies on religious coping have explored the relationship between religious resources and health outcomes, particularly the mitigation or management of pain and suffering. However, Catholics hold certain positive beliefs about suffering that are largely incompatible with attitudes prevailing today. The doctrine of redemptive suffering holds that human suffering, when accepted and offered to God through prayer, can lead to redemption in the supernatural realm. This article draws on qualitative research involving 27 Catholic patients and examines their responses to pain and suffering with reference to the concept of otherworldly rewards proposed by the rational choice theory (RCT) of religion. We focus on Catholic patients’ modes of thinking. The primary findings are as follows: First, when Catholic patients use religious resources to reduce pain and suffering, most of them demonstrate what RCT calls calculative reasoning. Second, regarding the belief in redemptive suffering, many Catholic patients do not take supernatural meanings seriously; in particular, they are not quite able to accept that “God’s care and plan” can include serious illnesses. Those who finally accept the doctrine initially exhibit calculative reasoning and then gradually transform their negative thinking about suffering through the exercise of virtue. We conclude that otherworldly rewards and religious virtue both play roles in Catholics’ responses to suffering, with the latter being particularly significant as it complements RCT in the study of religious action at the micro-individual level.
摘要许多关于宗教应对的研究都探讨了宗教资源与健康结果之间的关系,特别是减轻或管理疼痛和痛苦。然而,天主教徒对苦难持有某些积极的信念,这在很大程度上与当今盛行的态度不相容。救赎痛苦学说认为,当人类的痛苦被接受并通过祈祷提供给上帝时,可以在超自然的领域获得救赎。本文引用了27名天主教患者的定性研究,并参照宗教理性选择理论提出的超凡脱俗奖励概念,考察了他们对疼痛和苦难的反应。我们关注天主教患者的思维模式。主要发现如下:首先,当天主教患者使用宗教资源来减轻疼痛和痛苦时,他们中的大多数人都表现出了RCT所说的计算推理。第二,关于救赎痛苦的信仰,许多天主教患者并不重视超自然的含义;特别是,他们不能完全接受“上帝的照顾和计划”可能包括严重的疾病。那些最终接受这一学说的人最初表现出计算推理,然后通过美德的行使逐渐转变他们对痛苦的负面思维。我们得出的结论是,超凡脱俗的奖励和宗教美德都在天主教徒对痛苦的反应中发挥作用,后者尤其重要,因为它在微观个体层面的宗教行为研究中补充了随机对照试验。
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引用次数: 0
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