Pub Date : 1997-12-02DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.1997.658361
Kou-Sou Kan, Kuo-Chin Fan, Yonhong Huang
An extremely efficient MPEG-2 video transcoding method is proposed, which has a low buffer requirement and results in a low-delay. Most importantly, the proposed method does not need the computational intensive motion estimation. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach results in very consistent video quality and maintains the buffer level effectively.
{"title":"Low-complexity and low-delay video transcoding for compressed MPEG-2 bitstream","authors":"Kou-Sou Kan, Kuo-Chin Fan, Yonhong Huang","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.1997.658361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.1997.658361","url":null,"abstract":"An extremely efficient MPEG-2 video transcoding method is proposed, which has a low buffer requirement and results in a low-delay. Most importantly, the proposed method does not need the computational intensive motion estimation. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach results in very consistent video quality and maintains the buffer level effectively.","PeriodicalId":393861,"journal":{"name":"ISCE '97. Proceedings of 1997 IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics (Cat. No.97TH8348)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128236184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-12-02DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.1997.658402
Y.B. Lee, P. Wong
In a previous study, Wong and Lee (see ICC'97, Montreal, Canada, 1997) proposed a redundant array of inexpensive servers (RAIS) architecture for designing scalable and fault-tolerant video-on-demand systems. Video data are striped across an array of autonomous servers, resulting in a scalable architecture where more concurrent video sessions can be supported by simply adding more servers. Moreover, by adding data redundancy among the servers, client recovery algorithms can be implemented to sustain server failure and provide non-stop video services. We consider the failure recovery issue in RAIS. Specifically, we propose and analyze three algorithms for rebuilding data at a failed server to a spare server in order to restore the system back to normal operation. We derive the performance model and use numerical results to show that automatic rebuild can be done in reasonable time using the proposed rebuild algorithms.
{"title":"Storage rebuild for automatic failure recovery in video-on-demand servers","authors":"Y.B. Lee, P. Wong","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.1997.658402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.1997.658402","url":null,"abstract":"In a previous study, Wong and Lee (see ICC'97, Montreal, Canada, 1997) proposed a redundant array of inexpensive servers (RAIS) architecture for designing scalable and fault-tolerant video-on-demand systems. Video data are striped across an array of autonomous servers, resulting in a scalable architecture where more concurrent video sessions can be supported by simply adding more servers. Moreover, by adding data redundancy among the servers, client recovery algorithms can be implemented to sustain server failure and provide non-stop video services. We consider the failure recovery issue in RAIS. Specifically, we propose and analyze three algorithms for rebuilding data at a failed server to a spare server in order to restore the system back to normal operation. We derive the performance model and use numerical results to show that automatic rebuild can be done in reasonable time using the proposed rebuild algorithms.","PeriodicalId":393861,"journal":{"name":"ISCE '97. Proceedings of 1997 IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics (Cat. No.97TH8348)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130775356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-12-02DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.1997.658357
Yu-Luen Chen, W. Chang, M. Wong, Tan-Fuk Tang, T. Kuo
A new infrared-controlled keyboard instead of the conventional computer keyboard was developed for those with hand dysfunction. The infrared transmitter with laser director was placed on the eyeglasses, and the keys of the conventional computer keyboard were all replaced by infrared receivers. In the infrared receivers we designed a modulized circuit to receive, demodulate and process the infrared signals. The modulized circuit used signal processing technique to convert the astable signal of the infrared receiver to a standard pulse train which could be used as control signal easily.
{"title":"An application of infrared technique to control a computer keyboard for handicap","authors":"Yu-Luen Chen, W. Chang, M. Wong, Tan-Fuk Tang, T. Kuo","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.1997.658357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.1997.658357","url":null,"abstract":"A new infrared-controlled keyboard instead of the conventional computer keyboard was developed for those with hand dysfunction. The infrared transmitter with laser director was placed on the eyeglasses, and the keys of the conventional computer keyboard were all replaced by infrared receivers. In the infrared receivers we designed a modulized circuit to receive, demodulate and process the infrared signals. The modulized circuit used signal processing technique to convert the astable signal of the infrared receiver to a standard pulse train which could be used as control signal easily.","PeriodicalId":393861,"journal":{"name":"ISCE '97. Proceedings of 1997 IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics (Cat. No.97TH8348)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128836592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-12-02DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.1997.658367
Sung-il Cho, Kyoung-Hwan Kim, B. Kang
This paper describes the design of a robust on-screen-display (OSD) chip with improved automatic frequency control (AFC). The built-in AFC reduces the amount of sync jitter caused by the VCR head switching pulse, video copy guard signals, etc. This chip contains the OSD circuitry which can display characters of up to 12 rows by 30 columns on display systems. The character colors can be changed by programming the content of an 8-bit control register through the serial interface. It also provides the functions of half tone, box drawing, scroll, and blink. The chip was fabricated by using a 0.65 /spl mu/m double metal CMOS process.
{"title":"Robust single chip on screen display for home VCRs","authors":"Sung-il Cho, Kyoung-Hwan Kim, B. Kang","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.1997.658367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.1997.658367","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the design of a robust on-screen-display (OSD) chip with improved automatic frequency control (AFC). The built-in AFC reduces the amount of sync jitter caused by the VCR head switching pulse, video copy guard signals, etc. This chip contains the OSD circuitry which can display characters of up to 12 rows by 30 columns on display systems. The character colors can be changed by programming the content of an 8-bit control register through the serial interface. It also provides the functions of half tone, box drawing, scroll, and blink. The chip was fabricated by using a 0.65 /spl mu/m double metal CMOS process.","PeriodicalId":393861,"journal":{"name":"ISCE '97. Proceedings of 1997 IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics (Cat. No.97TH8348)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126467796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-12-02DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.1997.658393
Lintian Qiao, Klara Nahrstedt, M. Tam
This paper discusses the problems of the MPEG video encryption algorithm by using a random permutation list instead of a zigzag order within the MPEG compression process. We show that (1) the encryption method causes a significant size increase of the MPEG video stream, hence defeats the purpose of compression, and (2) the encryption method can not withstand the known-plaintext attack, therefore, should not be considered as secure. We also discuss other solutions to achieve secure, time-efficient, and size-preserving MPEG-video encryption.
{"title":"Is MPEG encryption by using random list instead of zigzag order secure?","authors":"Lintian Qiao, Klara Nahrstedt, M. Tam","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.1997.658393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.1997.658393","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the problems of the MPEG video encryption algorithm by using a random permutation list instead of a zigzag order within the MPEG compression process. We show that (1) the encryption method causes a significant size increase of the MPEG video stream, hence defeats the purpose of compression, and (2) the encryption method can not withstand the known-plaintext attack, therefore, should not be considered as secure. We also discuss other solutions to achieve secure, time-efficient, and size-preserving MPEG-video encryption.","PeriodicalId":393861,"journal":{"name":"ISCE '97. Proceedings of 1997 IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics (Cat. No.97TH8348)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121648086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-12-02DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.1997.658341
Jeong-Hyun Park, S. Lim
This paper presents a modified Yacobi scheme that does not use the secret key provided by the key distribution center, but uses instead a random number generated by the user. This paper also presents a modified Diffie-Hellnan (DH) scheme with ID (identity) which has directly mutual authentication between users and is able to defend the network from impostors. The proposed scheme based on the DH was applied to VSAT satellite communications and simulated on a PC using the Montgomery algorithm and MD5 (Message Digest) algorithm for a feasible study of secure VSAT satellite communications. The results are reasonable when applying the proposed scheme to VSAT satellite communications which requires about 200-600 ms for delay time of data transmission using satellite.
{"title":"Key distribution for secure VSAT satellite communications","authors":"Jeong-Hyun Park, S. Lim","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.1997.658341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.1997.658341","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a modified Yacobi scheme that does not use the secret key provided by the key distribution center, but uses instead a random number generated by the user. This paper also presents a modified Diffie-Hellnan (DH) scheme with ID (identity) which has directly mutual authentication between users and is able to defend the network from impostors. The proposed scheme based on the DH was applied to VSAT satellite communications and simulated on a PC using the Montgomery algorithm and MD5 (Message Digest) algorithm for a feasible study of secure VSAT satellite communications. The results are reasonable when applying the proposed scheme to VSAT satellite communications which requires about 200-600 ms for delay time of data transmission using satellite.","PeriodicalId":393861,"journal":{"name":"ISCE '97. Proceedings of 1997 IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics (Cat. No.97TH8348)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122406021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-12-02DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.1997.658395
J. Yue, M. A. Do
This paper examines the performance of the multicarrier technique employed in a W-CDMA system in a frequency selective Rayleigh fading channel without a RAKE receiver. It is found that the multicarrier technique is simpler than the technique used in the single carrier RAKE receiver while producing a comparable performance to that of the RAKE receiver.
{"title":"Multicarrier techniques for wideband CDMA","authors":"J. Yue, M. A. Do","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.1997.658395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.1997.658395","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the performance of the multicarrier technique employed in a W-CDMA system in a frequency selective Rayleigh fading channel without a RAKE receiver. It is found that the multicarrier technique is simpler than the technique used in the single carrier RAKE receiver while producing a comparable performance to that of the RAKE receiver.","PeriodicalId":393861,"journal":{"name":"ISCE '97. Proceedings of 1997 IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics (Cat. No.97TH8348)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126987629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-12-02DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.1997.658348
B. Kang, Jun Sunwoo, Byung-Hwan Chun, J. Gerard
This paper presents the design of an integrated video decoder using image down scaler and adaptive comb filter. It accepts multistandard video signals from various video sources and produces digitized video data based on CCIR recommendations. The image down scaler reduces the size of the original image based on the scaling ratio. The adaptive comb filter removes dot crawl noise and hanging dot noise. Thereby, it provides improved performance of the decoder. The decoder was fabricated by using the 0.65 /spl mu/m CMOS process.
本文提出了一种采用图像降阶器和自适应梳状滤波器的集成视频解码器的设计。它接受来自各种视频源的多标准视频信号，并根据CCIR建议生成数字化视频数据。图像缩小缩放器根据缩放比例减小原始图像的大小。自适应梳状滤波器去除点爬行噪声和挂点噪声。因此，它提供了解码器的改进性能。该解码器采用0.65 /spl μ m CMOS工艺制作。
{"title":"Improved performance of video decoder using down scaler and adaptive comb filter","authors":"B. Kang, Jun Sunwoo, Byung-Hwan Chun, J. Gerard","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.1997.658348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.1997.658348","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design of an integrated video decoder using image down scaler and adaptive comb filter. It accepts multistandard video signals from various video sources and produces digitized video data based on CCIR recommendations. The image down scaler reduces the size of the original image based on the scaling ratio. The adaptive comb filter removes dot crawl noise and hanging dot noise. Thereby, it provides improved performance of the decoder. The decoder was fabricated by using the 0.65 /spl mu/m CMOS process.","PeriodicalId":393861,"journal":{"name":"ISCE '97. Proceedings of 1997 IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics (Cat. No.97TH8348)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134206190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-12-02DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.1997.658342
D. Chung, Youngbeom Jang, Han-Mook Choi, H. Roh
A new efficient method for a two channel source 3-D sound system is presented. This architecture provides an efficient surround effect with two speaker systems while maintaining the front components of the original source. This method uses the head related transfer function (HRTF) for new sound localization which provides listener perception of spatial hearing expansion. Unlike the conventional 3-D algorithms which require heavy computation, the proposed method produces natural 3-D sound with a small amount of computation. Also, this method maintains the channel separation. This characteristic proves another advantage over other 3-D sound algorithms.
{"title":"Efficient architecture for spatial hearing expansion","authors":"D. Chung, Youngbeom Jang, Han-Mook Choi, H. Roh","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.1997.658342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.1997.658342","url":null,"abstract":"A new efficient method for a two channel source 3-D sound system is presented. This architecture provides an efficient surround effect with two speaker systems while maintaining the front components of the original source. This method uses the head related transfer function (HRTF) for new sound localization which provides listener perception of spatial hearing expansion. Unlike the conventional 3-D algorithms which require heavy computation, the proposed method produces natural 3-D sound with a small amount of computation. Also, this method maintains the channel separation. This characteristic proves another advantage over other 3-D sound algorithms.","PeriodicalId":393861,"journal":{"name":"ISCE '97. Proceedings of 1997 IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics (Cat. No.97TH8348)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115224926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-12-02DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.1997.658405
S. Lee, M. Kang, Kyu Tae Park
We propose to combine the min/max curvature to the surface diffusion model. The resulting technique is an automatic, extremely robust, computationally efficient, and a straightforward scheme. The flow under min/max curvature was presented by Malladi and Sethian (see Graphic. Models Image Processing, vol.58, no.2, p.127-141, 1996) in a differential equation in terms of the image intensity. If it is combined to the surface diffusion model then the new scheme automatically picks the termination criteria; continued application of the scheme produces no further change. In other words it has a convergence state. It has another important advantage over the MCD (mean curvature diffusion) and other diffusion models; removing notch noise on the side of a structure does not diffuse the shape of the structure.
{"title":"CCD noise filtering based on surface diffusion model combined with min/max curvature","authors":"S. Lee, M. Kang, Kyu Tae Park","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.1997.658405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.1997.658405","url":null,"abstract":"We propose to combine the min/max curvature to the surface diffusion model. The resulting technique is an automatic, extremely robust, computationally efficient, and a straightforward scheme. The flow under min/max curvature was presented by Malladi and Sethian (see Graphic. Models Image Processing, vol.58, no.2, p.127-141, 1996) in a differential equation in terms of the image intensity. If it is combined to the surface diffusion model then the new scheme automatically picks the termination criteria; continued application of the scheme produces no further change. In other words it has a convergence state. It has another important advantage over the MCD (mean curvature diffusion) and other diffusion models; removing notch noise on the side of a structure does not diffuse the shape of the structure.","PeriodicalId":393861,"journal":{"name":"ISCE '97. Proceedings of 1997 IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics (Cat. No.97TH8348)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116744984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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