Nano Energy最新文献

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury during renal transplantation remains a prevalent challenge. Recent studies proposed protective effects against renal I/R injury using electric fields during organ preservation stage. However, I/R process extends to the post reperfusion stage and traditional electrical stimulation methods face limitations, requiring power sources and electrodes. Hence, there is a need for implantable, biodegradable materials capable of continuously generating electrical stimulation to treat kidney I/R injury over an extended period. In this work, a polylactide/Vitamin B₂ (PLLA/VB₂) composite nanofibrous membrane was designed. The incorporation of VB₂ into PLLA, coupled with electrospinning, significantly enhanced its piezoelectric performance and flexibility, thereby enabling optimal adherence and efficient in-situ electrical stimulation. Experimental results underscored that PLLA/VB₂ nanofibrous membrane could mitigate tubular injury, facilitate cell regeneration, and alleviate interstitial fibrosis possibly by preserving mitochondrial structure and function. This innovative approach not only pioneers new strategies for addressing I/R related conditions but also offers potential treatments for a range of diseases linked to oxidative stress.

As the trend of population aging intensifies, the demand for continuous and efficient health monitoring for solitary elderly individuals and those with limited self-care capabilities is growing. Traditional wearable health monitoring devices primarily rely on battery power, which not only incurs high maintenance costs but also risks interruption of monitoring due to battery depletion. To address these issues, this paper introduces a self-powered flexible wearable monitoring device utilizing far-field Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting (RFEH) technology. This device powers integrated sensors and Bluetooth by harvesting RF energy from ambient Wi-Fi and other wireless signals, enabling real-time monitoring of the wearer's physical behaviour and health status with immediate feedback via mobile terminals. Under conditions of 100 cm distance and a power intensity of 0.8 dBm, the system can charge a 220 μF capacitor to 4.12 V within just 23.24 seconds, ensuring stable operation of the device. Moreover, the monitoring device is equipped with a low-power wireless sensor system capable of sampling up to 100 Hz, which accurately and promptly tracks and analyzes key health indicators such as walking, physiological activities, and respiratory status. This technology provides a reliable health monitoring solution for elderly individuals living alone and those with difficulties in self-care, significantly enhancing the effectiveness of remote medical services, improving their quality of life, and reducing the occurrence of emergency medical events. This research not only advances wearable device technology but also paves new paths for health management in an aging society.

The tribovoltaic nanogenerator (TVNG) is emerging as a promising circuit-integrative energy harvester, with notable advantages like direct current output and large current density. Nevertheless, the research on optimizing charge excitation and carrier transportation remains deficient. In this work, we report an alternative approach for practically promoting the output performance of silicon (Si)-based TVNG. A well-designed asymmetric heterostructure is achieved by inserting an appropriate interlayer between the friction layer and the bottom electrode. Carrier extraction efficiency has been promoted effectively, while carrier recombination has been restrained owing to the built-in electric field excited by p-Si/ZnO heterojunction. The coupling mechanism of the built-in electric field and the interfacial electric field has been revealed explicitly with a comprehensive theoretical model, which is based on the capacitance feature of the PN junction. The designed multilayer TVNG (MTVNG) has shown 20 times higher output compared to normal Si-based TVNGs. Apart from presenting fundamental insights into the tribovoltaic effect, we have developed a dual-mode analysis method for vibration monitoring. This work expands the path to improve TVNG output through multi-electric field coupling and provides new inspiration for miniaturized vibration sensors in real-time deployments.

The sluggish Li-ion kinetics restrict the rapid charging capabilities and contribute to the structural deterioration of Ni-rich cathode materials. Notably, crack propagation during repeated charging cycles deteriorates the electrochemical stability, which hinders the further development of high-energy-density batteries for electric vehicles (EVs). In this paper, we proposed a simple yet effective method to enhance the Li-ion diffusion and mechanical properties of Ni-rich cathodes via straightforward Zr doping. In-situ high-rate XRD reveals that the detrimental uneven delithiation under the fast-charging process has been largely alleviated. Particularly, a robust structure with higher modulus and fracture strength is constructed owing to the higher Zr-O bond. By mitigating the kinetic hindrance and increasing the particle’s stiffness, the proposed Ni-rich cathode shows an impressive 97.6 % capacity retention under a 5 C rate current. This work provides a facile and efficient strategy for large-scale production of fast-charging Ni-rich cathode materials.

Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution process (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are three common reactions found in energy conversion devices. Nevertheless, the slow reaction rates of the HER, OER, and ORR, as well as their dependence on electrocatalysts containing noble metals such as platinum (Pt), iridium (Ir), and ruthenium (Ru), impede their widespread usage in commercial settings. Therefore, there is a strong need for the creation of cost-effective, high-performing, durable, and easily expandable electrocatalysts. However, achieving this goal is extremely challenging. Bifunctional electrocatalysts are capable of concurrently catalyzing both HER/OER and OER/ORR. In recent years, there has been a significant amount of great research focusing on the development of bifunctional 2D MOF electrocatalysts which are designed to facilitate overall water splitting and oxygen reactions. The current study presents recent advancement in the applications of bifunctional 2D MOF electrocatalysts for OER and ORR, HER and OER. Prior to highlighting the evaluating techniques for bifunctional 2D MOF for water splitting; and protocol for bifunctional 2D MOF electrolysis (involving for water splitting and oxygen reaction), different synthetic strategies, structural distinction, overview of characterization techniques and the relationship between the MOF structures and their conductivities were discussed. In addition, detailed electrocatalytic performance for bifunctional 2D MOFs toward OER/ORR and HER/OER followed by the strategies for enhancing bifunctionalities in 2D MOFs were discussed. The concluding section focused on identifying knowledge gaps, associated shortcomings, and strengths, as well as important perspectives and ideas for improving the bifunctional 2D MOFs for oxygen reaction and overall water splitting in line with realistic industrial expectations. This review provides the scientific community with a comprehensive understanding of the current research focus and the importance of developing more efficient and environmental-friendly bifunctional 2D MOFs for clean energy. This is crucial in addressing the challenges of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating the global energy shortage.

Organo-metal halide perovskites have emerged as promising candidates in photoelectric detection. Although most existing research and reviews have concentrated on perovskite-based photodetectors for high-energy X-rays and visible light applications, studies on perovskite-based near-infrared (NIR) photodetectors remain scarce. Notably, hybrid perovskites fabricated using either pure Sn or a mixed Sn/Pb can achieve the lowest bandgap of 1.21 eV. This characteristic enables exceptional NIR photoresponse within the 780–1050 nm range, offering advantages in terms of high sensitivity, minimal dark current, and an elevated detection rate. To enhance the performance and stability of narrowed bandgap Sn-based perovskite photodetectors, researchers have developed a series of strategies, including reduction additive, defect passivation, and interface regulation. Despite these advancements, Sn-based perovskites have yet to surpass the NIR response range of 1.1 eV, typical of Si-based photodetectors. In pursuit of further extending and amplifying the NIR and infrared response of perovskite, scientists have investigated integrating organic materials, crystalline silicon/germanium, III-V compounds (e.g., GaAs), and IV-VI quantum dots (e.g., PbSe, PbS QDs) with perovskite. These efforts aim to create complementary heterostructures for spectrum response for extending the NIR light response of perovskite photodetectors. This review encapsulates the current research status of perovskite NIR detectors and explores effective methods for expanding their spectral range. Furthermore, it envisions the prospective advancements in NIR photodetector technology based on perovskite materials, underscoring the potential for significant breakthroughs in this field.

Electrochemical reduction reactions, including CO₂/CO reduction, hydrogen evolution and N₂/NO_x^- reduction, have contributed to lower globe carbon footprint, valorize inert molecules, and convert waste to harmless products. However, the most paired anodic reaction yet remain the oxygen evolution, which is haunted by its high thermodynamic barrier and less profitable product O₂. Alternative oxidation reactions with low thermodynamic barrier and economic advantages, have been coupled with various reduction reactions. In this review, recent progresses in alternative oxidation reactions have been summarized and compared, with specific emphasis on reaction selections and corresponding electrocatalysts, future challenges and research directions of renewable electricity powered chemical industry at anode.

The development of high-efficiency and stabilized tandem solar cells and solar cells for indoor light harvesting relies heavily on the fabrication of wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) that exhibit exceptional efficiency and stability. In this study, we introduce an effective method for enhancing the optoelectronic properties of a 1.74 eV WBG perovskite absorber by interfacial engineering. Specifically, we utilize 4F-Phenethylammonium Chloride (4F-PEACL) as a key component for the surface treatment of perovskite layer. The treatment of perovskite with 4F-PEACL alters the surface stoichiometry, promoting self-doping and surface passivation, reducing surface recombination, and improving the optoelectronic properties of perovskite. Consequently, PCSs with perovskite treated with 4F-PEACL exhibit a notable power conversion efficiency of 20.27 %. Furthermore, the devices subjected to 4F-PEACL treatment demonstrate enhanced stability compared to the control devices across a range of testing settings. The findings of our study indicate that the utilization of organic salt perovskite passivation holds great potential in the development of efficient and stable WBG PSCs.

With the growing demand for energy storage, layered oxide cathodes (Na_xTMO₂) for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have become the spotlight for researchers. However, irreversible multiphase transformation and structural degradation, as well as lattice oxygen loss, hindered their commercialization. Electronic structure modulation based on the orbital hybridization concept is an important way to solve key scientific problems. Herein, due to its unique electronic structure, Sn is chosen as the proof of the conceptual element, and its effect on layered oxide cathode is summarized in three aspects: reversible phase transformation, abnormal structural regulation, and stable anionic redox. Firstly, the large size of Sn⁴⁺ suppresses the sliding of the transition metal oxide (TMO₂) layer and Na⁺/vacancy ordering as well as enhances the delocalization of electrons. Secondly, Sn with a similar ionic radius to other TM ions in the structure promotes the stacking of the O3 phase. What’s more, the distinctive electronic structure of Sn⁴⁺ will enhance the operating voltage. Thirdly, a strong Sn-O bond stabilizes the lattice oxygen, promotes stable anion redox, and improves the energy density of the battery. Therefore, electronic structure modulation can provide technical direction for the development and industrialization of high-performance SIBs.

Sustainably sourced lignin, as natural polymer material rich in functional groups with electronegativity such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, is prone to gain or lose electrons to form triboelectric effects, thus providing enormous possibilities for the fabrication of triboelectric materials. Lignin has been extensively investigated in recent years for the preparation of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG). However, there is still a lack of a well-defined classification references summarizing for these approaches. This review highlights the forefront research studies on TENG based on the lignin-derived materials with accented emphasis on lignin multifunctionality. A systematic description of the enhancement of TENG properties based on the lignin-derived materials by chemical modification, composite synergy and surface morphology modification methods is presented. Then, the current applications of TENG based on the lignin-derived materials, such as energy harvesting, medical monitoring and smart packaging, are summarized. Finally, challenges and strategies for the prospective development of TENG based on the lignin-derived materials are also reviewed. Therefore, this review will encourage the utilization of lignin-derived materials for the fabrication of eco-friendly TENG with promising applications in the field of energy conversion.