Polski Merkuriusz Lekarski最新文献

Objective: Aim: The aim is to conduct medical and sociological research on public awareness of the impact of rational nutrition on promoting human health and preventing chronic non-communicable diseases.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: The research was conducted in 2022-2024 and involved 214 respondents of different ages and genders who were patients of outpatient clinics in Zhytomyr (Ukraine). Research methods included theoretical analysis of literary sources, medical and sociological (questionnaire), mathematical and statistical, system analysis, and logical generalization.

Results: Results: It has been found that less than a third of the surveyed population (31.0 %) is in good health; 26.0 % report chronic diseases of the cardiovascular, excretory, hepatobiliary, and endocrine systems; 12.1 % of the respondents each suffer from diabetes and obesity. Despite this, only 18.0 % of the respondents adhere to healthy eating habits, and more than half abuse junk food and violate their diet. It has also been found that 79.0 % of the respondents do not have sufficient information about healthy eating; 93.0 % expressed a desire to improve their knowledge of the basics of healthy eating.

Conclusion: Conclusions: It has been found that rational nutrition is the most important factor in the body's vital activity, which ensures human health and working capacity, the ability to withstand adverse environmental influences, and determines the quality and duration of life. The article substantiates a set of measures for organizing public health professionals' outreach and awareness-raising activities to promote public health and prevent chronic non-communicable diseases through dietary nutrition.

Objective: Aim: To investigate the patient-centred principle in preventing and providing medical care for open-angle glaucoma.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: A systematic approach was implemented using a comprehensive set of methods. A self-developed questionnaire was used to collect data. The patient survey was conducted from 1 May 2024 to 30 August 2024. A targeted selection of respondents who underwent surgical treatment for primary open-angle glaucoma from all regions of Ukraine was applied using the main array method (N = 1000).

Results: Results: The study revealed that satisfaction with ophthalmological care was expressed by more than 90% ± 0.95% of respondents (rate per 100 respondents ± standard error). A hereditary predisposition to glaucoma was identified in 20% ± 1.26% of respondents. In more than 80% ± 1.26% of cases, glaucoma was detected by an ophthalmologist, while in more than 17% ± 1.88% of cases, it was identified by a family doctor.

Conclusion: Conclusions: In order to defect glaucoma early and monitor the progression of the disease, there is a need for informational and methodological work with primary care doctors, implementation of algorithms for preventive examinations of patients. Patient awareness regarding the safety and effectiveness of glaucoma surgery affects the timeliness of surgical intervention and vision preservation.

Objective: Aim: Caffeine is popular stimulant added to a lot of drinks, such as coffee, tea, sodas, and energy drinks. However, there is a dispute over how caffeine affects reproduction and fertility for both men and women. This review aims to provide an insight into this matter including the impact of caffeine on male and female fertility, primary infertility, fertility treatment outcomes, time to pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, sperm ploidy, assisted reproductive technologies, sperm DNA and semen quality.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: The review is based on the thorough analysis of the materials selected from "PubMed" and "Google Scholar" scientific databases using the following key words: caffeine; coffee; fertility; infertility; tea. These key words were chosen based on their relevance to the matter of an article.

Conclusion: Conclusions: According to the researched studies, moderate caffeine consumption does not pose a hazard for fertility neither regarding men, nor women. However, high caffeine intake, may pose reproductive risks, including an increased miscarriage risk in women and compromised semen quality in men. These findings support the current health guidelines recommending caffeine intake moderation for individuals of reproductive age. Nonetheless, further studies are required to clarify the nuanced effects of caffeine on fertility and assisted reproductive technologies outcomes to provide individuals with the essential knowledge to make proper dietary choices during family planning.

Objective: Aim: To study the trends in the prevalence of hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection during 2020-2024 in the rear region of Ukraine, in the city of Volodymyr, and assess the impact of internal displacement on the spread of infectious diseases.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis in Volodymyr Hospital (Volodymyr, Ukraine) was conducted using data from the official clinical registry and ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) for 2020-2024. Comparative literature and statistical data from infection prevention programmes were also analyzed.

Results: Results: The decline in officially reported new HIV infections (from 29 in 2020 to 7 in 2024) contrasted with a marked increase in the number of ELISA-tested cases of hepatitis B and C (7,974 and 6,705 in 2024, respectively). Internally displaced persons (IDPs) accounted for a significant proportion of new diagnoses after 2022, including 22 HBV and 17 HCV cases in 2022. The discrepancy between laboratory results and official reporting suggests underdiagnosis. Additionally, Poisson regression analysis demonstrated that IDP status was a significant factor for increased risk of blood-borne infections.

Conclusion: Conclusions: Military conflict and population displacement significantly exacerbate the problem of blood-borne infections. Countries with successful infection control systems, such as Canada and the Netherlands, have implemented universal HBV vaccination, national HCV elimination strategies, and mobile care for vulnerable populations. These examples highlight the need to replicate such models in conflict-affected regions. National plans should be based on international recommendations, such as the WHO Global Health Strategy 2022 and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's viral hepatitis elimination roadmap.

Objective: Aim: Our study investigated the harmful synergistic effect of lead and piroxicam treatment on liver and kidney tissue functions and morphology.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: 24 male Wister rats were allocated randomly in equal numbers n=6 into four groups: (Group1): was used as the control animal group. In the control group, 0.5 mL of distilled water was given by an orogastric tube. (Group2): for 21 days, lead acetate was administered via an orogastric tube at a dose of 4 mg/kg/day according to body weight. (Group3): is given peroxicam (0.3 mg/kg/day) by the same route and dose for 21 days. Group 4: (Group4), a synergistic mixture of piroxicam (1 mg/kg/day) and lead acetate (4 mg/kg/day) was given by an orogastric tube. Liver functions were evaluated by measuring activity of alanine aminotransferase aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. Kidney functions were represented by assays of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and urea, while antioxidant status determined by malondialdehyde catalase activity and reduced-glutathione level.

Results: Results: Liver and renal function data were estimated in serum and organs. Group2 and Group3 caused elevated serum levels of MDA, BUN, and Cre while decreasing levels of SOD and GSH in serum and liver and kidney tissue. Group4: Administration of a synergistic mixture of lead and piroxicam caused severe elevated serum levels of MDA, BUN, and Cre, while acutely decreasing levels of SOD and GSH were found in serum and liver and kidney tissue. Generally, data supported by histological examination indicated severe damage following induced oxidative stress by a synergistic mixture of piroxicam and lead compared with other groups.

Conclusion: Conclusions: The synergistic treatment (group 4) resulted in the most significant effects compared to the control group, as evidenced by both biochemical and histopathological measurements. Additionally, groups 2 and 3 showed negative changes in these measurements relative to the control group, but these changes were less pronounced than those observed in group 4.

Objective: Aim: The aim of this paper is to assess the efficacy of physical therapy conducted in patients with painful shoulder syndrome in the course of rotator cuff injury.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: The study involved a group of 25 patients: 15 women and 10 men. The patients were treated at a rehabilitation clinic in Radom for a period of 3 weeks. The physical therapy used in study patients included diadynamic currents, ultrasound therapy, cryotherapy, shockwave therapy, and kinesiotherapy.

Results: Results: After treatment, the pain was eliminated or remarkably reduced and the range of joint motion was increased in all planes.

Conclusion: Conclusions: 1. The physical therapy used in study patients helped eliminate or reduce pain. 2. The range of joint motion was increased in all planes. 3. The quality of life and functioning in study patients was improved. 4. Treatment of this disorder is based on physical therapy.

Objective: Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate sub-species typing by matrix-activated laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry on the example of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Karaganda region..

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: This study evaluated the potential of MALDI-TOF MS for epidemiological identification of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Karaganda region. A total of 47 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae obtained between 2015 and 2019 were typed. Mass spectra were taken using Microflex LT MALDI-TOF (Bruker) according to standard procedure.

Results: Results: As a result, MALDI-TOF evaluation of subspecies typing on the example of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Karaganda region, predominantly showed the diversity of isolates, indicating their out-of-hospital nature. Based on all available information, including facts, sources, and experimental results, it can be reasonably concluded that the current study of Klebsiella pneumoniae does not provide a complete picture of the epidemiology of this microorganism.

Conclusion: Conclusions: The current study provided a limited opportunity to investigate the genetic structure and diversity of Klebsiella pneumoniae subspecies more accurately. The findings suggest that the time-of-flight laser-ionisation ablation mass spectrometry method with magnetic focusing is more likely to detect differences in external characteristics between individual specimens of the same species than internal genetic variation in the microorganisms under study. The practical relevance of this study is to inform the development of more effective infection control strategies in clinical practice and infection control.

Objective: Aim: The purpose was to identify the morphological features of the great saphenous vein in patients with chronic venous disease of the lower extremities undergoing treatment with endovenous high-frequency electric welding in automatic mode, endovenous laser ablation, and ultrasound-guided microfoam sclerotherapy.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: The material for the comprehensive morphological study consisted of fragments of the great saphenous vein obtained from 32 patients with chronic venous disease of the lower extremities. The material was divided into three groups according to the endovenous treatment techniques applied. Group 1 included vein fragments from 12 patients who underwent endovenous high-frequency electric welding in automatic mode. Group 2 comprised material from 9 patients treated with endovenous laser ablation. Group 3 included material from 11 patients who underwent ultrasound-guided microfoam sclerotherapy using a 3% polidocanol solution. Histological and immunohistochemical research methods were used.

Results: Results: The great saphenous vein in patients with chronic venous disease of the lower extremities undergoing treatment with endovenous high-frequency electric welding in automatic mode and endovenous laser ablation was characterized by similarly pronounced diffuse alterative and desquamative changes in endothelial cells, disruption of the structural organization of the venous wall layers accompanied by edema, and alterative changes in both muscular and connective tissue fibers. In cases where ultrasound-guided microfoam sclerotherapy was applied, the great saphenous vein showed focal alterative and desquamative changes in endothelial cells, preservation of the layered structure, edematous changes in the media and adventitia, focal areas of dysmucoidosis, and regions of angiomatosis.

Conclusion: Conclusions: The severity of structural changes in the great saphenous vein in patients with chronic venous disease of the lower extremities following ultrasoundguided microfoam sclerotherapy was significantly lower compared to endovenous high-frequency electric welding in automatic mode and endovenous laser ablation, resulting in less favorable conditions for the qualitative development of the fibrous process.

Objective: Aim: To determine whether the Trendelenburg position during laparoscopic urological surgery changed the ONSD and whether changes correlated with postoperative complications.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, we measured ONSD before patients were placed in the Trendelenburg position. Then the Trendelenburg position was established by tilting the operating table to 20-25 degrees. After surgery, the patients were placed in a horizontal position, and the second measurement of ONSD was obtained.

Results: Results: The study included 69 patients. The average preoperative ONSD in the right eye was 5.8±0.7 mm and 5.8±0.8 mm in the left eye. The average postoperative ONSD in the right eye was 6.6±0.8 mm and 6.6±0.7 mm in the left eye. The differences between postoperative and preoperative values in the right and left eyes were statistically significant (p<0.000001). ONSD increases above the norm did not correlate with the incidence of postoperative nausea (p=0.94), delirium (p=0.81), or the time to patient awakening (p=0.29).

Conclusion: Conclusions: ONSD increased in patients who underwent surgical procedures performed in the Trendelenburg position, but the increase did not correlate with postoperative complications.

Objective: Aim: Evaluate the prognostic value of the proposed scale on determining hospital stay duration of patients with COVID-19. Establish baseline values of the scale for further implementation into primary care.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: We gathered and analyzed data of 140 hospitalized patients who underwent treatment in Uzhhorod CMCH and had a positive COVID-19 test from the start of the pandemic and until January of 2022. 4 models were proposed, each patient was analyzed based on a point system determined by the model, to compare the number of accumulated points with hospital stay duration.

Results: Results: Linear regression results showed that models I and IV provide a low practical usage as per R2. Models II and III are most promising showing a high prognostic value (R2 are 0.0703 and 0.111 respectively). Models II and III showed a statistically significant increase in hospital stay for scores 2 and 5 compared with 0. The accumulated data shows that scores 2 and 5 show a significant increase in hospital stays, while 1, 3 and 4 did not show any significant increase for practical usage.

Conclusion: Conclusions: Overall, this analysis showed that middle scores and maximum scores showed significance compared to hospital stays, while Models II and III showed the highest practical usage coefficients in COVID-19 scenarios. Despite the fact that the number of asthma and COPD patients was low, these models may prove useful for practical usage in triage scenarios and primary care.