Polski Merkuriusz Lekarski最新文献

Objective: Aim: To study the risk factors in patients with prediabetes that can lead to the progression of impaired glucose tolerance in the form of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Patients and methods: Materials and methods: The selection of patients for this study was carried out on an outpatient basis at the Department of Therapy and Family Medicine, Uzhhorod National University. Patients with prediabetes were identified based on the American Diabetes Association criteria. Informed consent was obtained from all patients before the start of the study. Patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: Group 1 (n=37) that received typical treatment according to the recommendations of the American Diabetes Association and the control Group 2 (n=42). At the 3rd year of the study, we determined the body mass index, glucose levels and glycated hemoglobin levels of the patients, also their medical documentation was analyzed and patients were interviewed about concomitant diseases.

Results: Results: Analyzing the 3-year follow-up of patients with prediabetes, cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus were detected in both groups, but there is no statistically significant difference when comparing the indicators between the groups (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Conclusions: In our study, we analyzed the risk factors in patients with prediabetes that can lead to type 2 diabetes. During a 3-year follow-up, we identified cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: Aim: The investigation of health professionals' burnout and depression, working in refugees' reception centers and their possible intercorrelation.

Patients and methods: Materials and methods: A descriptive correlation study was carried out in health professionals, who worked in refugees' reception centers and accommodation programs throughout Greece. Data were collected using an anonymous questionnaire through online Google Forms. The questionnaire contained demographics, the Copenhagen Burnout Questionnaire (CBI-Gr) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The SPSS 22.00 was used for the statistical analysis and the significance level was set at 0.05.

Results: Results: The sample consisted of 125 healthcare professionals working in refugees' reception centers and accommodation programs, the majority of tchem were women (62.4%), aged between 30-39 years (39.2%) nurses (24.8%) and with a master's degree (28%). A strong linear positive correlation was found between depression and burnout (r=0.542, p=0.000). A statistically significant correlation was also recorded between burnout and female gender (p=0.001), the age group of 30-39 (p=0.042) and nursing profession (p=0.003).

Conclusion: Conclusions: A strong linear relationship between burnout and depression was revealed, a finding indicating that it is imperative to implement interventions to strengthen the resilience of health professionals working in refugees' reception centers.

Objective: Aim: The relevance of the study is determined by the objective of finding an optimal type of diagnostics of carbohydrate metabolism, that would assess the condition of a diabetic patient undergoing treatment. The purpose of the study is to create a model for monitoring the efficacy of diabetes mellitus treatment by determining the fructosamine levels.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: The methods for investigating the highlighted issue are clinical examination and laboratory diagnosis of diabetic patients to measure the state of carbon metabolism using ion-exchange chromatography to determine glycated haemoglobin levels and an automatic colorimetric method to determine fructosamine levels.

Results: Results: The study presents certain values of fructosamine over the level of changes in the state of patients with diabetes mellitus, reflecting the progress from the treatment in the compensation of carbohydrate metabolism, which allows creating a model of diagnostic values of the fructosamine levels, according to which the efficacy of treatment of diabetes mellitus, the state of progress of the disease in its compensation or decompensation are determined at a qualitative level.

Conclusion: Conclusions: This allows for the timely adaptive corrective therapeutic and preventive measures to be carried out by medical personnel, who, using values, will monitor the efficacy of treatment in each patient once every three weeks, as this will determine the influence of the type of conducted treatment or other factors aimed at compensating for pathogenetic and clinical manifestations of the disease, which makes the identified fructosamine criteria an important component in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, and indirectly allows to improve the life quality of this patient population, thus bringing a practical solution to the challenge facing the healthcare sector.

Objective: Aim: To determine the current prevalence of surgical site infections (SSIs) after gynecological surgeries and antimicrobial resistance of causing pathogens in Ukraine.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: Multicenter prospective observational cohort study was conducted from January 2020 to December 2022 in nine hospitals from eight regions of Ukraine. Definitions of HAIs were adapted from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Healthcare Safety Network. Antibiotic susceptibility was done by the disc diffusion test as recommended by EUCAST.

Results: Results: A total 12.2% (420/3450) patients who undergoing gynecological surgeries were found to have SSIs. The difference in SSI rates between the three subgroups by route of surgery was not statistically significant, being 12.0% for the abdominal group,11.1% for the vaginal group, and 12.5% for the combined group. The most common causing pathogens of SSIs was Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Many Gram-negative pathogens isolated from SSI cases were found to be multidrug resistant.

Conclusion: Conclusions: This study showed that SSIs remains the common complication after gynecological procedures in Ukraine. Best practices should be established and followed to reduce the risk of SSIs associated with gynecologic surgery. Optimizing the antibiotic prophylaxis and empirical antimicrobial therapy may reduce the burden of SSIs in gynecological surgeries, but prevention is the key element.

This article aims to raise awareness and stimulate serious discussion about the ineffectiveness of HIV criminalization and its impact on human rights and public health and to propose improvements in criminal law regulation. The study is based on the empirical and analytical data of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, the World Health Organization, legal acts, drafts legal acts, legal practice, and statistics of Ukraine, legal acts of the USA, Germany, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland. In total, 21 laws, drafts of laws, other documents, and 26 court decisions were analyzed. Dialectical, comparative, analytical, synthetic, systemic, sociological, induction, and deduction research methods were applied. The criminalization of HIV stems from a lack of awareness among policymakers and society about advances in medical science and ways to control the epidemic. Such regulation is ineffective, leads to stigmatization of people living with HIV, and has a negative impact on the epidemic. Causing harm to a person's health by intentionally infecting a person with a severe infectious disease could be criminalized under the general norm on bodily harm, excluding the stigmatization of patients with certain nosologies.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has undeniably transformed the landscape of healthcare, offering unparalleled potential to enhance patient care, streamline diagnostics, and improve overall healthcare outcomes. As AI continues to make its way into the medical field, it has raised crucial questions about regulation, ethics, and patient safety and that is guiding us to the core question - how that will impact current human rights and freedoms concept, and is this concept ready for such an impact? The aim of the research is to identify and evaluate the potential impact of AI introduction in healthcare on modern human rights and freedoms concept, and on the basis of discovered complexities to propose ways to eliminate them. This study was conducted during June-October of 2023. Through a broad literature review, analysis of international and state regulation acts, scientific researches and opinions of progressive-minded people in this sphere this paper provide a guide to understanding the impact of AI introduction in healthcare on current human rights and freedoms concept. It is based on dialectical, comparative, analytic, synthetic and comprehensive methods.

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is one of the most common diseases accompanied by loss of control over the activity of the bladder. Women are more susceptible to this pathology than men due to the peculiarities of the structure of the genitourinary system, as well as due to pregnancy, childbirth, gynecological operations, and age. Incontinence occurs when a woman coughs, sneezes, laughs, lifts weights, runs, etc. It leads to social isolation and significantly reduces the quality of life of patients. The article analyzes the case of a patient who was in the gynecological department of the Uzhhorod City Maternity Hospital of the Uzhhorod City Council and complained of urinary incontinence during coughing, sneezing, laughing, and physical exertion. A full clinical and laboratory examination, physical examination, and consultation with narrow specialists were conducted. According to the research data, a diagnosis of stress urinary incontinence was made. Urethropexy with a synthetic loop (TVT-O operation) was performed using the Gynecare TVT Obturator System Tension-free Support for Incontinence. The complex treatment included antibacterial, antithrombotic and infusion therapy. The effectiveness of the result of surgical treatment was evaluated taking into account subjective and objective criteria for the restoration of anatomical parameters and functional parameters, as well as the patient's quality of life during dynamic follow-up for 2 years. We noted the high efficiency of surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence using synthetic material.

This paper presents the genetic, molecular and neuroanatomical similarities between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia using the case report of a 34-year-old female patient with a previous diagnosis of schizophrenia as an example. As a result of repeat hospitalization, expanded history, psychological testing and verification of persistent symptoms of psychopathology, a cooccurring diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder was made.