Polski Merkuriusz Lekarski最新文献

Objective: Aim: To find the causes and factors behind the Pica disorder, which helps in early diagnosis and appropriate treatments..

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-section study was carried out between July 1, 2022, and April 20, 2023, enrolling 300 patients from different provinces of central and south Iraq with Pica disease whose diagnosis depended on specialized physicians according to WHO guidelines. The participants were following up for three to six months in private clinics.

Results: Results: 92.4% of the patients were female, and 41% of patients were under 20 years old, with low ferritin, HB, and vitamin D levels (80% of cases), and these markers showed a negative correlation with the number of Pica. Chowing of ice and clay were the common types of Pica, which represent about 30% each, while 34% of cases had multiple types, which had signs and symptoms of fever, palpitation, vomiting, abdominal pain, paleness, headaches, and hair loss. Six-month flows were better than three months.

Conclusion: Conclusions: Pica was a disorder that could lead to behavior and emotional abnormalities that caused the patients to eat some things that were eaten by healthy people. This may be, as concluded from our results, due to reduced levels of ferritin, hemoglobin (Hb), and vitamin D that caused these psychological problems.

Objective: Aim: The aim of the study is todetermine the feasibility of using a home pulmonary rehabilitation program and evaluate its impact on patients with COPD in the GOLD B group.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on the basis of the «Healthy Movements» studio (Poltava). Patients were involved in the study after receiving secondary (specialized) medical care, the basis of which was physical therapy treatment and exercise therapy in accordance with the clinical protocol approved by the internal order of the health care institution. A total of 30 people (aged 59 to 68.4 years) with II degree chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (50 % ≤ FEV1 < 80 % of normal) in remission took part in the study. Research methods: pedagogical, medical and biological , methods of mathematical statistics.

Results: Results: Each patient confirmed the achievement of the general goal, namely, increasing the number of therapeutic exercises from 3 to 5 times a week, improving the quality of life, more active participation in improving their health and awareness of the disease. The patients considered self-management training to be the most valuable.

Conclusion: Conclusions: Pulmonary rehabilitation is indicated for all patients, regardless of the degree of the disease. The most ef f ective are 6-12 week programs that include breathing exercises, self-management training and training of the patient's environment, strengthening exercises, psychological support, diet therapy.

Objective: Aim: The purpose of this article is to review the literature on the applicability of biologic agents, their mechanism of action, safety and factors affecting their choice in selected chronic conditions: asthma, psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis and ulcerative colitis.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: The electronic databases MEDLINE/PubMed and ScienceScholar were searched for studies published in English and Polish and indexed from 2018 to April 2024. Dodatkowo uwzględniono Stanowisko Polskiego Towarzystwa Alergologicznego i Polskiego Towarzystwa Chorób Układu Oddechowego, rekomendacje Polskiego Towarzystwa Dermatologicznego, wytyczne Polskiego Towarzystwa Gastroenterologii i konsultanta krajowego w dziedzinie gastroenterologii oraz wytyczne Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA).

Conclusion: Conclusions: 1. Biological therapy demonstrates a significant reduction in the severity of clinical symptoms and complications associated with a variety of disease entities. An additional value of this therapy is its effectiveness among patients who do not respond to traditional treatment strategies. 2. In the perspective of the future of biologic treatment, it is important to study potential interactions between biologic drugs and other therapeutic methods. 3. To maximize benefits while minimizing complications, requires an individualized approach for each patient.

Objective: Aim: The aim is to study the main factors of youth's Internet dependence formation.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: We conducted psychodiagnostic examination of students in the National Academy of Internal Affairs. The research involved 154 students: full-time students aged 18-25 (n = 78) and part-time students aged 26-35 (n = 76).

Results: Results: The degree of prevalence of various types of Internet dependence among young people was determined. It was determined that the problem of Internet dependence requires consideration of socio-demographic, socio-psychological, individual, and psychological, as well as organizational factors.

Conclusion: Conclusions: It was found that the number of Internet-dependent people among youth is currently growing rapidly. The most favorable individual-typological properties of a personality for the development of Internet dependence are introversion, anxiety, sensitivity, and aggressiveness. Internet dependence is a type of social dependence. An Internet-dependent individual suffers from the inability to maintain harmonious interpersonal contacts and resolve personal issues that are distorted by the virtual environment. Deviations from normal behavior in society change the peaceful way of life and affect public health.

Objective: Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the relationship of residual renal function, markers of inflammation and protein-energy expenditure with annual survival in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: The work was a prospective cohort study and included 299 patient data. Residual kidney function was determined by urine volume of more than 250 ml per day to assess the effect. According to this criterion, the patients were divided into two groups. The degree of chronic inflammation was assessed by the content of acute phase proteins (ferritin and C-reactive protein) in the blood serum. The serum albumin level was chosen as a marker of protein-energy expenditure. The survival rate of patients with residual renal function was higher as compared to patients without it (p<0.001).

Results: Results: In the current study, the absence of residual kidney function increased the risk of mortality from all causes in patients who had recently undergone hemodialysis by almost 30 times during the first year of substitution therapy. C-reactive protein was also associated with poorer survival in these patients (HR=1.01; 95% CI: 1-1.02), while albumin was inversely associated with mortality (HR=0.92; 95% CI: 0.87-0.98).

Conclusion: Conclusions: Thus, residual renal function and higher serum albumin levels by the time maintenance hemodialysis begins are independent predictors of the best survival during the first year of replacement therapy. The presence of residual kidney function of less than 250 ml and a higher level of C-reactive protein correlated with an increased risk of mortality in these patients.

Based on the analysis of information from available sources of scientific literature, the article provides an overview of the problem of abnormal uterine bleeding and its causes. Preservation of women's reproductive health is an urgent problem of the whole world. AUB is a debilitating symptom that affects a large number of women and one of the most common gynecological abnormalities. АUB, as a rule, does not threaten a woman's life, but significantly decreases its quality. Menstrual disorders affect all aspects of a woman's life, even increasing the risk of premature death. Women with AUB are more likely to seek medical care due to social and physical factors, while 50% of female patients have mental health problems due to anxiety and depression. Structural causes of uterine bleeding increase as a woman ages, which can affect reproductive health. Extragenital disorders are considered one of the most frequent causes of AUB. This is explained by the features of the endometrium, the state of which is influenced by general changes in a woman's hormonal status and the functional state of some organs and systems. AUB can be caused by diseases of the thyroid gland, uncorrected diabetes, obesity, blood coagulation disorders (most often von Willebrand's disease), infectious diseases, certain drugs (corticosteroids, antipsychotic or antiepileptic drugs), climate change and diet, psychological stress, etc. Management of patients with abnormal uterine bleeding is a complex problem that should include assessment of gynecological status and consultation of related specialists (endocrinologists, cardiologists, etc.).

International armed conflicts often involve the occupation of territories of the state under aggression, where some of the population begins to voluntarily cooperate with the enemy. Currently, under the legislation of certain EU countries, such actions may be deemed collaboration or treason. This article examines the scenarios faced by medical or pharmaceutical workers in occupied territories, using the example of Ukraine, which is currently experiencing armed aggression from the Russian Federation. Despite the declared norms of International Humanitarian Law (IHL), medical and pharmaceutical workers find themselves in quite difficult situations. They have taken an oath and have obligations under the Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols, and thus are required to continue performing their professional duties during the occupation and are de jure granted medical neutrality. However, they also face limited resources, pressure, and, in some cases, their duties may involve illegal actions that could lead to legal responsibility. The study identifies when medical and pharmaceutical activities are lawful during occupation and when they may constitute unlawful behaviour that results in legal accountability. The authors conclude that the current policies of Russia and its occupation authorities deliberately violate IHL norms. Furthermore, they intentionally create conditions where individuals in occupied territories commit actions that will be recognized as crimes. It is based on dialectical, analytic, synthetic, comprehensive methods, and also uses the case-method and the method of content analysis.

Objective: Aim: To identify the medical management determinants of the maxillofacial precancerous and benign diseases malignancy.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: 150 people with maxillofacial cancer and 100 people with precancerous and benign diseases of the same localization were interviewed.

Results: Results: There were revealed: a low percentage of detection during check-up (10.2-15.8%), more than a third of cases (35.8-37.4%) are diagnosed by chance; not all patients undergo histological verification of the diagnosis (25.7% in cancerous and 43.2% in precancerous and benign diseases); not all are under follow up observation (24.7-27.7%). The risk of precancerous and benign diseases malignancy is the highest at 40-59 years of age (OR=4.4; 95% CI: 1.9-10.5), andalso increases with the duration of the disease for more than 5 years (2.2; 1.2-4.10 ), in patients who didn't undergo histological verification (2.2; 1.3-3.8), don't follow doctors' recommendation on visits and treatment (2.4; 1.4-4.1), don't trust doctors and are dissatisfied with medical care (2.1; 1.3-3.6). The risk groups of the maxillofacial oncological, precancerous and benign diseases are men, who are 1.5 times more likely to suffer from them than women and are characterized by lower medical care activity. The risk factors of the maxillofacial precancerous and benign diseases malignancy are low financial (4.6; 1.7-12.4) and territorial (3.3; 1.1-10.3) accessibility of medical care, including dental care (2.8; 1.6-4.8).

Conclusion: Conclusions: It is necessary to improve the prevention and medical care in order to advance the early detection of maxillofacial cancer, taking into account the established medical management determinants of malignancy.

Objective: Aim: To investigate the influence of socio-economic factors on the state of pharmaceutical provision of patients with cardiovascular diseases.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: To achieve the goal of the research, scientific publications posted in Ukrainian information and scientific databases (NRAT, OUCI) and scientometric databases Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, MedLine, BMJ, Embase were used. The analysis of international and domestic legal documents was carried out, the sites of global international organizations, the sites of cardiology societies and Ukrainian statistical data bases were researched. The methods of content analysis, synthesis, systematization, and generalization were used.

Conclusion: Conclusions: As a result of the study, socio-economic factors that af f ect the state of pharmaceutical provision of patients with CVD (in particular, CAD) were determined. In this study, among the specif i ed socio-economic factors, the need to update the regulatory and legal security of the pharmaceutical care process attracts the most of attention. The positive impact of the use of modern drug pharmacotherapy for coronary artery disease on the budget of the health care system in clinical practice proposed by the ESC was determined.

Objective: Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the microbiota of dento-gingival plaque in children to improve the quality of treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: It was examined 16 children aged 9-16 years with a diagnosis of K05.1: chronic gingivitis and 10 persons with intact gums were taken as a comparison group. A clinical dental examination was performed on the study participants and a sample was taken to determine the bacteria in the periodontal plaque.

Results: Results: The results of statistical processing of the research data allowed us to establish that in patients with chronic gingivitis, quantitative indicators of the total bacterial mass, Lactobacillus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Gardnerella vaginalis/Prevotella bivia/Porphyromonas spp. in the sample of periodontal plaque significantly exceeded the indicators of healthy patients. It was determined that the examined children with chronic gingivitis, the total number of Lactobacillus spp. significantly exceeds its amount in people with intact gums.

Conclusion: Conclusions: The changes in the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the main representatives of the microf i lm of dento-gingival plaque, which characterize dysbiosis, are of signif i cant clinical signif i cance. Study of the quantitative characteristics of Lactobacterium spp., Enterobacterium spp., Streptococcacea spp., Gardnerella spp., Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., Eubacteridacea spp., Mycoplasma (hominis + genitalium), Candida spp. is a diagnostic factor in determining the condition of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity.