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Characteristics of Various Losses of Axial Piston Pump and Bent Axis Hydro-motor with respect to Displacement Conditions and Load Demands 轴向柱塞泵和弯轴液压马达在排量条件和负载需求下的各种损耗特性
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-03-12 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/32528
Ajit Kumar Pandey, Ajay Kumar, Ajit Kumar
The hydrostatic transmission is one of the most important applications in the fluid power systems. It gives smooth change in output speed, torque and power as per the design requirements. Present article deals with various losses of the hydraulic pump and motor using a closed circuit hydraulic drive. The drive basically consists of a variable displacement axial piston pump that supplies pressurized fluid to a variable displacement bent axis hydro-motor. In investigating the pump/motor performance, bond graph simulation technique is used to model the drive system. Various losses of the pump and motor are accounted in the model by suitable resistive elements. The characteristics of them are identified through experiments. The predicted performance of the pump/motor is studied with respect to the displacement and load at the same time they are validated experimentally. The investigation made in the article identifies the control strategy which will be useful for the practicing engineers to select best combination of the pump and motor displacement for optimizing the drive performance and minimizing the losses as well. The study performed in this research work will be useful for the similar hydraulic configuration used in mobile equipment.
静液压传动是流体动力系统中最重要的应用之一。它使输出速度、扭矩和功率能够根据设计要求平稳变化。本文介绍了使用闭合回路液压驱动的液压泵和马达的各种损失。驱动装置主要由一个可变排量轴向活塞泵组成,该泵向可变排量弯轴液压马达供应加压流体。在研究泵/电机性能时,使用键合图仿真技术对驱动系统进行建模。泵和电机的各种损失在模型中通过合适的电阻元件来说明。通过实验确定了它们的特性。研究了泵/电机相对于位移和负载的预测性能,同时对其进行了实验验证。本文所做的研究确定了控制策略,这将有助于实践工程师选择泵和电机排量的最佳组合,以优化驱动性能并将损失降至最低。本研究工作中进行的研究将对移动设备中使用的类似液压配置有用。
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引用次数: 0
A Network Flow Model for Operational Planning in an Underground Gold Mine 地下金矿作业规划的网络流模型
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-03-12 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/30712
Suliman Emdini Gliwan, Kevin Crowe
In underground mines, the problem of efficiently scheduling and allocating weekly operations has a major impact on the long-term productivity of the mine. The problem of selecting the optimal locations for operations in an underground gold mine is a complex task. It is not solved by simply selecting the levels with the richest grade because the transportation network for ore in an underground mine has a diverse set of capacity constraints that can frustrate immediate mining of all the richest levels. To solve this scheduling difficulty, we formulated a new mixed-integer network flow model of the problem of weekly allocating mining operations in an underground goldmine such that the total gold mined (in ounces) was maximized subject transportation capacity constraints. The model was applied an underground gold mine in Red Lake, Ontario, Canada. The results were compared to those of a two greedy heuristic models that were designed to represent the decision-making heuristics that are currently used at the mine. It was found that the new model yielded solutions that improved upon the two greedy heuristics by 14.7% and 6.0%, respectively. The results of this research illustrate that the development of this optimization model can support decisions to improve a gold mine’s productivity.
在地下矿山中,周作业的有效调度和分配问题对矿山的长期生产效率有着重要的影响。地下金矿开采的最佳选址问题是一个复杂的问题。这不是简单地通过选择品位最丰富的矿层来解决的,因为地下矿山的矿石运输网络具有各种各样的容量限制,这些限制可能会阻碍所有最丰富矿层的立即开采。为了解决这一调度难题,在运输能力约束下,建立了一个新的地下金矿开采作业周分配问题的混合整数网络流模型,使开采总金量(盎司)最大化。该模型应用于加拿大安大略省红湖地下金矿。结果与两个贪婪启发式模型的结果进行了比较,这两个模型被设计用来表示目前在矿山使用的决策启发式。结果发现,新模型的求解结果比两种贪心启发式算法分别提高了14.7%和6.0%。研究结果表明,该优化模型的建立可以为提高金矿生产效率的决策提供支持。
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引用次数: 0
Having a Profit Center of Fuel and Mineral Trading is Already Essential for the Mining Companies and the Skillsets they Need 拥有一个燃料和矿产交易的利润中心对于矿业公司和他们所需的技能集来说已经是必不可少的
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-03-12 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/32526
J. Bhattacharya
Price uncertainties are increasing as diverse buyers and sellers are coming into the fuel and minerals market. There are supplyside uncertainties due to resource depletion, supply chain problems, and prolonged wars and conflicts. Uncertainties enhance risk. Moreover, standard trading practices in the minerals and oil and gas industries like long-term supply agreements with rigid price–fixing mechanisms are being challenged by short-term trading agreements and contracts where the price rigidities are non-existent; the market determines the price on the basis of the supply of buyers and sellers in an open market. Moreover, the market for derivatives of minerals and oil and gas is becoming more pronounced as the various uncertainties to secure materials supply are growing. In order to tread in the unknown waters of flexible trading, the mining companies can think of opening a profit center with qualified people to tide over the challenges and to gather knowledge of the trading system, which will also influence how the financing of the project investments would take place in the future.
随着不同的买家和卖家进入燃料和矿产市场,价格的不确定性正在增加。由于资源枯竭、供应链问题以及长期的战争和冲突,供应方面存在不确定性。不确定性增加了风险。此外,矿物和石油和天然气工业的标准贸易做法,如具有严格价格固定机制的长期供应协定,正受到不存在价格刚性的短期贸易协定和合同的挑战;市场是根据公开市场上买者和卖者的供给来决定价格的。此外,随着确保材料供应的各种不确定性日益增加,矿物和石油和天然气的衍生品市场正变得更加明显。为了涉足灵活交易的未知领域,矿业公司可以考虑开设一个利润中心,配备合格的人员来克服挑战,并收集交易系统的知识,这也将影响未来项目投资的融资方式。
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引用次数: 0
Surface Excavation Assessment in Non-bedded Rock Mass Based on Borehole Information and Seismic Survey 基于钻孔信息和地震勘探的非层状岩体地表开挖评价
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-03-12 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/32527
Azhar Abd Manan, E. Tonnizam Mohamad, R. Saad, Eka Kusmawati Suparmanto, Mariatul Kiftiah Ahmad Legiman, F. Slamat
One of the most popular indirect methods for investigating the subsurface information is through borehole record. The information obtained from a bore log will provide the subsurface scenario with regard to the soil and rock mass profile, stiffness of the material, weathering grade and quality of the rock material. It is wise to obtain as much as possible useful information from it for any civil engineering design including its excavatability assessment. On the other hand, seismic velocity is also commonly used to describe subsurface information as it furnish actual profile of the subsurface along the survey line. Seismic survey is assumed to be relevant geophysical method to characterize the boundary of soil-rock. Although the field borehole information and seismic method has been widely applied in the ground investigation, their applicability in assessing excavation performance is still debatable, especially when it involves thick soil-rock interaction zone in tropical region. The objective of this study is to investigate the applicability of ground profile obtained from the field borehole information and the seismic survey in surface excavation works. Field studies were carried out ontwo on-going excavation sites namely Nilai and Kota Tinggi involving non-bedded -bedded rock masses, namely granite. This study aims to present the relationship between seismic refraction method and boreholes were to investigate their effectiveness in assessing the ground information for excavation purpose. A sets of boreholeswere drilled approximately on the same path of seismic linesto obtain relationship between those methods. The seismic survey results are evaluated with Standard Penetration Test (SPT), strength index, core recovery (CR) and Rock Quality Designation (RQD) information. Upon obtaining that information, trial excavation were carried out using different size of excavator machines to determine its productivity rate. This study provides useful information on the excavatability of ground materials by using various type of excavating machines, based on the most commonly used of ground investigation tools, which are boreholes and seismic velocity method.
调查地下信息最常用的间接方法之一是通过钻孔记录。从钻孔日志中获得的信息将提供与土壤和岩体剖面、材料刚度、风化等级和岩石材料质量有关的地下场景。明智的做法是从中获得尽可能多的有用信息,用于任何土木工程设计,包括其可挖掘性评估。另一方面,地震速度也通常用于描述地下信息,因为它提供了沿测线的地下实际剖面。地震勘探被认为是表征土壤-岩石边界的相关地球物理方法。尽管现场钻孔信息和地震方法已在地面调查中得到广泛应用,但它们在评估开挖性能方面的适用性仍存在争议,尤其是当涉及热带地区的厚土-岩石相互作用区时。本研究的目的是研究从现场钻孔信息和地震勘测中获得的地面剖面在地表开挖工程中的适用性。对Nilai和Kota Tinggi两个正在进行的挖掘现场进行了实地研究,涉及非层状岩体,即花岗岩。本研究旨在介绍地震折射法和钻孔之间的关系,并研究它们在评估挖掘目的的地面信息方面的有效性。在地震线的大致相同路径上钻出一组钻孔,以获得这些方法之间的关系。地震勘测结果采用标准贯入试验(SPT)、强度指数、岩芯回收率(CR)和岩石质量指标(RQD)信息进行评估。在获得这些信息后,使用不同尺寸的挖掘机进行了试挖,以确定其生产率。本研究基于最常用的地面调查工具,即钻孔和地震速度法,为使用各种类型的挖掘机挖掘地面材料提供了有用的信息。
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引用次数: 0
Preparing Employees for the Responsibility: A Cultural Deficit in the SAM and MOGI Companies 为员工准备责任:SAM和MOGI公司的文化赤字
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-03-12 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/32095
J. Bhattacharya
No Abstract.
没有抽象的。
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引用次数: 0
Will Pandemic and Inflation Upend Transition from Oil and Gas Economy to Electric vehicle and Hydrogen Economy to Net Zero Economy? 疫情和通货膨胀会结束从石油和天然气经济向电动汽车和氢能经济向净零经济的转变吗?
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-03-12 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/32093
J. Bhattacharya
No Abstract.
没有摘要。
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引用次数: 0
Saving of Coke Oven Gas by Reduction of Smoke Pushing of Recovery Type Coke Plant 回收式焦化厂减少推烟节约焦炉煤气
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-01-25 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/32362
N. Mahato, H. Agarwal, J. Jain
For stable oven operation and prolongation of the coke oven life, it is important to remove excess carbon formation on the coke oven wall. It is considered that the carbon formation rate is influenced by the gas components generated during carbonation, the gas velocity and oven wall temperature are not uniformly maintained, as a result of smoke pushing. The smoke pushing is not favourable for the good health of the coke oven battery. In this paper, the smoke pushing can be rectified by proper maintenance of the gas path. Energy consumption and economic growth are interwoven, and rising energy levels always represent rising energy consumption. Coke is a reducing agent and a load-handling tool in blast furnaces. By this rectification, the coke oven gas flow was reduced from 17600Nm3/hrs to 17300Nm3/hrs without any extra manpower cost. The experimental set-up implementation of this modern proposal in a coke plant will make coke more extra energy efficient with no other extra costs.
为了使焦炉稳定运行,延长焦炉寿命,清除焦炉壁上多余的碳是很重要的。认为碳的形成速率受碳化过程中产生的气体组分的影响,由于烟雾的推动,气体速度和炉壁温度保持不均匀。推烟不利于焦炉电池的健康。本文认为,通过对气路进行适当的维护,可以纠正推烟现象。能源消费和经济增长是相互交织的,能源水平的提高必然意味着能源消费的增加。焦炭是高炉的还原剂和装卸工具。通过此次整改,焦炉煤气流量由17600Nm3/hrs降至17300Nm3/hrs,没有增加人力成本。在焦炭厂实施这一现代建议的实验装置将使焦炭在没有其他额外成本的情况下更加节能。
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引用次数: 0
Outlook of Density Maximum on the Onset of Forchheimer-Bénard Convection with throughflow 通流forchheimer - bsamadard对流开始时的密度最大值展望
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2022-12-08 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/32007
Sowbhagya .
The vertical throughflow effect is investigated on the onset of porous convection by considering a cubic density-temperature relationship and using the Forchheimer-Darcy model. The stability eigenvalue problem is explained numerically using the Galerkin technique. Contrary to the linear density-temperature relationship, the direction of throughflow alters the onset of convection. The throughflow dependent Péclet number is found to stabilize the fluid motion against convection and the upflow is found to be either stabilizing or destabilizing than the downflow depending on the values of thermal condition parameters λ1 and λ2. A destabilizing effect on the onset is observed with increasing λ1 and λ2. The Darcy number Da and the Forchheimer drag co-efficient, cb instability characteristics have been investigated and depicted graphically.
考虑立方密度-温度关系,采用Forchheimer-Darcy模型,研究了垂直通流对多孔对流发生的影响。利用伽辽金技术对稳定性特征值问题进行了数值解释。与密度-温度的线性关系相反,通流的方向改变了对流的开始。根据热条件参数λ1和λ2的值,发现依赖于通流的psamclet数可以稳定流体对对流的运动,并且发现向上流动比向下流动稳定或不稳定。随着λ1和λ2的增加,观察到对起始的不稳定效应。对达西数Da和Forchheimer阻力系数、cb不稳定特性进行了研究和图解。
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引用次数: 0
Investigations into Effect of Cutting Conditions On Surface Roughness Under MQL Turning of AISI 4340 by ANN Models 用人工神经网络模型研究aisi4340 MQL车削条件对表面粗糙度的影响
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2022-12-08 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/32017
P. Powar
Enormous usage of cutting fluid in industries is reporting the issues related to health of employee, environmental pollution which promotes the Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL). The study reports surface roughness modelling in CNC turning under minimum quantity lubrication of EN 24, taking into account effect of cutting environment, cutting conditions using artificial neural networks (ANN). The optimisation of models are processed using the input-output data sets, ANN model, the repetitions in training the neural network, rate, hidden nodes and the training function. ANN analysis with multilayer feed forward structure under MATLAB is adopted in the analysis. Finally, After the training, the ANN is tested in order to evaluate its predictive and generalization performances. Testing the ANN is carried out by applying a new input data set, which was not included in the training process. The well known statistical tools coefficient of determination is used for this benchmarking. The adequacy of the ANN is evaluated by considering the coefficient of correlation (R).
工业中切削液的大量使用正在报告与员工健康和环境污染有关的问题,这促进了最小量润滑(MQL)。研究报告了在en24最小润滑量下,利用人工神经网络(ANN)建立了考虑切削环境、切削条件影响的数控车削表面粗糙度模型。利用输入输出数据集、人工神经网络模型、训练神经网络的重复次数、速率、隐藏节点和训练函数对模型进行优化。分析采用MATLAB下多层前馈结构的神经网络分析。最后,在训练完成后,对人工神经网络进行测试,以评估其预测和泛化性能。通过应用一个新的输入数据集来测试人工神经网络,该数据集不包括在训练过程中。这种基准测试使用了众所周知的统计工具决定系数。通过考虑相关系数(R)来评价人工神经网络的充分性。
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引用次数: 0
Studies on Effective Usage of SAP ERP Tool to Control Materials Planned Delivery Time in Oil and Gas Industries SAP ERP工具在油气行业物料计划交货时间控制中的有效应用研究
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2022-12-08 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/32025
J. S. Sambhaji, S. Lakshminarasimhan, B. Ganiger
The global competitions are making rapid changes in production. Procedure integration and seamless flow of information and data play a vital role in productivity. The planning order improbability, manufacturing lead time and lack of systematic approach are the main concerns in production industries. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and Lean Manufacturing (LM) are the two distinct processes to deal with the above mentioned concerns for competitive manufacturing. ERP focuses on data and schedule accuracy and ensures repeatable and predictable processes. LM concentrates on identifying and eradicating or minimizing all kinds of manufacturing wastes and focuses on reducing process inconsistency. The paper narrates about some holistic approaches that can be practiced with SAP ERP tool in order to achieve the efficient materials planning, master production schedule and capacity planning.
全球竞争正在使生产发生迅速变化。程序集成和信息数据的无缝流动对提高生产力起着至关重要的作用。计划订单不确定性、制造提前期和缺乏系统的方法是生产行业的主要问题。企业资源规划(ERP)和精益制造(LM)是两个不同的过程来处理上述问题的竞争性制造。ERP侧重于数据和计划的准确性,并确保可重复和可预测的过程。LM专注于识别和消除或最小化各种制造浪费,并专注于减少过程不一致性。本文阐述了利用SAP ERP工具实现高效物料计划、掌握生产进度和产能计划的一些整体方法。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Mines, Metals and Fuels
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