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Microstructure Characteristics and Properties of NiCrMoFeCoAl-30%SiO2 Composite Coating on T22 Boiler Tube Steel T22锅炉管钢NiCrMoFeCoAl-30%SiO2复合涂层的组织特征与性能
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/32754
V. G. Patil, B. Somasundaram, S. Kandaiah
In the present investigation, the NiCrMoFeCoAl-30%SiO2 composite coating was sprayed on T22 bare steel with the HVOF technique. HVOFtechniqueallows the production of dense, excellently structured coatings with smoother surfaces and enhanced mechanical properties of the boiler materials. The produced coatings are characterized for their microstructure, and corrosion resistance by high-temperature corrosion.The specimen microstructure has been characterized by SEM/EDS and XRD methods. The coating thickness, porosity, microhardness, and coating density have been assessed.
采用HVOF技术在T22裸钢表面喷涂NiCrMoFeCoAl-30%SiO2复合涂层。HVOFtechnique可以生产出致密、结构良好的涂层,表面更光滑,锅炉材料的机械性能更高。所制备的涂层具有微观结构和耐高温腐蚀性能。用扫描电镜/能谱仪和X射线衍射仪对试样的微观结构进行了表征。对涂层厚度、孔隙率、显微硬度和涂层密度进行了评估。
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引用次数: 0
Development of IoT Based Pneumatic Punching Machine 基于物联网的气动冲床的研制
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/32933
V. S, R. Kumar, Nandeesha H L, Santhosh H
Building effective industrial systems are now possible with the help of the Internet of Things abbreviated as IoT. In nowadays automatic systems are recommended over manual systems. IoT is the latest and rising internet technology. IoT is a developing network of everyday products, from industrial machinery to consumer goods which exchange information and carry out tasks while consumers are attending to other responsibilities. A machine tool is used to punch sheet metals to increase the static stability of the section of the sheet. The movement of the piston in the pneumatic punching machine is from the compressed air which generates high pressure on the piston. The focus of this project is on the development of an IoTenabled sheet metal punching machine. The main objective of this project is to develop an IoT-based pneumatic punching machine that is capable of monitoring the production parameters of the pneumatic punching machine through an easily manageable web interface. Additionally this technology is innovative in that it allows the control of the punching machine through the Internet of Things as well as the tracking of production data or production values.
在物联网(IoT)的帮助下,构建有效的工业系统现在成为可能。目前,建议使用自动系统而不是手动系统。物联网是最新的、正在崛起的互联网技术。物联网是一个不断发展的日常产品网络,从工业机械到消费品,它们在消费者承担其他责任的同时交换信息并执行任务。机床用于冲压金属板,以提高板截面的静态稳定性。气动冲压机中活塞的运动来自于在活塞上产生高压的压缩空气。该项目的重点是开发IoTenabled钣金冲压机。该项目的主要目标是开发一种基于物联网的气动冲压机,该机能够通过易于管理的web界面监控气动冲压机床的生产参数。此外,这项技术的创新之处在于,它可以通过物联网控制冲床,并跟踪生产数据或生产价值。
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引用次数: 0
Design and Development of an IoT Kit To Predict Cutting Tool Life and Generate Auto Inventory 物联网套件的设计和开发,以预测刀具寿命并生成自动库存
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/32934
N. Dharani, Nandeesha H L
For the best tool life, machining precision, and maintenance, a cutting tool life prediction is crucial. As a result, an online smart diagnosis service must be created to establish an auto inventory and anticipate the cutting tool life based on temperature data. Due to the fast-cutting velocity and high work material strength, diffusion wear becomes predominant when the cutting temperature rises significantly. Based on sensorial data gathered at the factory level, knowledge-based algorithms conduct online-based inspections on utilized tool life including tool breakage occurrence. Because heat load influences tool wear rate, a thermistor is fitted to the cutting tool to alert the database server when the temperature rises. based on the data.
为了获得最佳的刀具寿命、加工精度和维护,刀具寿命预测是至关重要的。因此,必须创建在线智能诊断服务,以建立自动库存,并根据温度数据预测刀具寿命。由于切削速度快,工作材料强度高,当切削温度显著升高时,扩散磨损占优势。基于在工厂层面收集的传感器数据,基于知识的算法对使用的刀具寿命进行在线检查,包括刀具破损情况。由于热负荷会影响刀具的磨损率,因此在刀具上安装了一个热敏电阻,以便在温度升高时提醒数据库服务器。根据数据。
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引用次数: 0
Mechanical Characterization of Graphene Reinforced Al2024/Albite Hybrid Composites by Powder Metallurgy. 石墨烯增强Al2024/钠长石杂化复合材料的粉末冶金力学性能研究。
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/32753
M. S, L. H. Manjunath, J. Prakash
Aluminum copper alloys reinforced with naturally occurring or synthesized ceramic particulates are widely used for producing various automobile components and as structural supports by the aerospace industries. For improving their performance these composite materials have been further refined by the addition of nano materials. Nano sized graphene has played a significant role in this direction. In this present work an attempt has been made to refine Al2024/Albite composite in which the predominant primary reinforcement Albite of 5% by weight has been maintained constant and by addition of graphene as secondary reinforcement with varying content (0.25,0.50,0.75, 1, 1.25 and 1.5Wt%) the composite material was fabricated by adopting powder metallurgy. SEM images of the processed hybrid composites revealed the presence of primary reinforcement Albite and secondary reinforcement graphene reinforcements equitably distributed throughout the Al2024 alloy with very less presence of voids. An appreciable increase in compression strength and hardness has been observed with increase in addition to secondary reinforcement up to 1.25%Wt of graphene, but tends to decrease with further addition of graphene reinforcement.
用天然或合成的陶瓷颗粒增强的铝铜合金广泛用于生产各种汽车部件和航空航天工业的结构支撑。为了提高这些复合材料的性能,我们通过添加纳米材料进一步改进了这些复合材料。纳米尺寸的石墨烯在这个方向上发挥了重要作用。在目前的工作中,我们尝试改进Al2024/钠长石复合材料,其中主要的初级增强剂钠长石保持5%的重量不变,并通过添加不同含量(0.25、0.50、0.75、1、1.25和1.5Wt%)的石墨烯作为次级增强剂,采用粉末冶金法制备复合材料。复合材料的SEM图像显示,Al2024合金中存在初级强化钠长石和次级强化石墨烯,空洞很少。当石墨烯添加量达到1.25%Wt时,二次增强材料的抗压强度和硬度有明显的提高,但随着石墨烯增强材料的进一步添加,抗压强度和硬度趋于降低。
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引用次数: 0
Battery Technology – A Comprehensive Review 电池技术——综述
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/32949
A. H, V. N, M. S. H., S. V.
Depletion of fossil fuels, stringent pollution norms have made a way for research on the systems that can store energy from renewable sources like solar and wind. Electrical vehicles (EVs) and hybrid vehicles (HEVs) density worldwide are increasing at faster rate and have projection estimate of more than 140 million (HEVs) and EVs on the road by 2030. Design of these advanced engines are based on the availability power source namely lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery. This paper focuses on available battery technologies, components of Li-ion batteries, key features of the battery such as energy density, power density and so on and opportunities of recycling, extraction of valuable metals from the waste batteries are also included.
化石燃料的消耗和严格的污染标准为研究储存太阳能和风能等可再生能源的系统开辟了道路。全球电动汽车(ev)和混合动力汽车(hev)的密度正在以更快的速度增长,预计到2030年将有超过1.4亿辆(hev)和电动汽车上路。这些先进发动机的设计基于可用的电源,即锂离子(Li-ion)电池。本文重点介绍了现有的电池技术,锂离子电池的组成,电池的关键特征,如能量密度,功率密度等,以及回收的机会,从废电池中提取有价值的金属。
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引用次数: 0
To Study the Influence of Injection Timing, Injector Opening Pressure and Blend Percentage on Engine Performance and Emissions by the Integration of Taguchi and RSM for an Engine Fuelled with CAOME 以CAOME为燃料的发动机为研究对象,采用田口和RSM相结合的方法,研究喷射正时、喷油器开孔压力和混合比例对发动机性能和排放的影响
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/32948
V. N, Y. Sujatha, Arun Kumar G L, G. B. Vaggar
Carbon neutral fuels must have a control over global warming. Even through passenger vehicle can be replaced with electrical and hybrid vehicles, but it is extremely difficult to replace goods transport vehicles which uses hydrocarbon fuels. Biofuels are one that can be obtained from various feedstock’s including grains and green matter with high starch and sugar content such as corn, sugar cane and sugar beets. The castor oil methyl esters, which is non-edible in nature fulfils the requirement of fuel for internal combustion engine. The conventional experimental scheme needs more time for optimization and substantial number of experiments need to perform as it is possible to vary a single operating variable at a time and is expensive. Mathematical models of Taguchi method using design of experiments (DOE) give superior results. By using DOE, Taguchi L9 orthogonal array is considered. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), The Regression Equation and signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio are obtained to predict the best parameters and to evaluate the influence of significant conditions on performance, emission and combustion characteristics. The mathematical model obtained by integration of Taguchi method and RSM is successfully validated with accuracy of 95%.
碳中性燃料必须能控制全球变暖。即使乘用车可以被电动和混合动力汽车取代,但要取代使用碳氢化合物燃料的货物运输车辆是极其困难的。生物燃料是一种可以从各种原料中获得的原料,包括谷物和淀粉和糖含量高的绿色物质,如玉米、甘蔗和甜菜。蓖麻油甲酯是天然不可食用的,满足内燃机燃料的要求。传统的实验方案需要更多的时间进行优化,并且需要进行大量的实验,因为一次可以改变单个操作变量,并且成本昂贵。用实验设计(DOE)建立的田口法数学模型得到了较好的结果。利用DOE,考虑了田口L9正交阵列。通过方差分析(ANOVA)、回归方程(Regression Equation)和信噪比(signal-to-noise, S/N)来预测最佳参数,并评估显著工况对性能、排放和燃烧特性的影响。将田口法与RSM相结合得到的数学模型得到了验证,准确率达到95%。
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引用次数: 0
Optimization of Gas Metal Arc Welding Process Parameters on Structural Steel Plates by Taguchi Method. 用田口法优化结构钢板气体金属弧焊工艺参数
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/32760
Praveen Math, B. Praveen Kumar
Steel welding is one of the most contentious academic topics nowadays. Shielded metal gas welding techniques’ impact on the welding of AISI1040 steel have been qualitatively investigated (MIG and TIG). The experimental layout must be developed using the Taguchi approach. Arc voltage, arc current, welding speed, nozzle to work distance, and gas pressure have all been found to have an effect on weld quality. The backing plate’s thickness as well as the plate’s thickness both matter. A trial design based on an orthogonal array is used to create weldments. To determine how successfully the weldments were welded, a set of tests are performed on them. ANOVA is used to assess the suitability of the data. The computed result is used as a contribution from each parameter to obtain the optimum values for fault minimization. Weldments are examined using an angle beam test, and the outcomes are assessed using ultrasound testing (UT). The presence of faults in the tested specimens, such as LOP, LOF, Blowholes, and Cracks.
钢材焊接是当今最具争议的学术课题之一。对保护金属气焊技术对AISI1040钢焊接的影响进行了定性研究(MIG和TIG)。实验布局必须采用田口法。电弧电压、电弧电流、焊接速度、喷嘴工作距离、气体压力等都对焊接质量有影响。底板的厚度和底板的厚度都很重要。基于正交阵列的试验设计用于创建焊接件。为了确定焊接的成功程度,对其进行了一系列测试。方差分析用于评估数据的适用性。将计算结果作为各参数的贡献值,得到故障最小化的最优值。使用角光束测试检查焊接件,并使用超声波测试(UT)评估结果。被测试样中存在缺陷,如LOP、LOF、气孔和裂纹。
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引用次数: 0
Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces: An Overview of Their Features, Failure Mechanisms, and Applications 三周期极小曲面:其特征、失效机制及应用概述
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/31230
Arpit Gupta, S. Babu L.
Additive manufacturing has made it possible to create complicated geometries and lattice structures, and it is also the greatest approach for producing nature-inspired cellular structures. Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) cellular structure, which is additively built, has a high strength-to-weight ratio, making it useful in various applications, including structural weight reduction, biomedical, aerospace, and impact absorption. TPMS is a natural-inspired surface with zero mean curvature and a local minimal area. The type of structure, loading mechanism, unit cell characteristics, and relative density significantly affect the structure’s strength and stiffness. As a result, this article will cover the history, classification, characteristics, manufacturing processes, failure mechanism, and applications of the TPMS.
增材制造使创造复杂的几何形状和晶格结构成为可能,也是生产受自然启发的细胞结构的最佳方法。三周期最小表面(TPMS)蜂窝结构是额外构建的,具有高强度重量比,可用于各种应用,包括结构减重、生物医学、航空航天和冲击吸收。胎压监测系统是一个具有零平均曲率和局部最小面积的自然曲面。结构类型、加载机制、单元特性和相对密度显著影响结构的强度和刚度。因此,本文将介绍胎压监测系统的历史、分类、特点、制造工艺、故障机理和应用。
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引用次数: 1
Energy Absorption Capacity of Empty and Foam- Filled Concentric Cylindrical Tubes 中空和泡沫填充同心圆管的能量吸收能力
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/32946
S. Suresha, R. S
Axial folding of metal tubes has been renowned over ages as a superb energy-absorbing method. High-volume industrial items like automobiles, trains, and other sectors where energy must be absorbed in a controlled manner during a crush situation are using components based on this concept. From the perspective of passenger automobile safety design, it is crucial and anticipated to investigate crushing energy absorption. These are thoroughly investigated experimentally and computationally how aluminium foam-filled sections behave when compressed axially. To represent quasi-static test circumstances, nonlinear dynamic finite element studies are conducted. It is discovered that the predicted crushing force and fold formation are rather similar to the experimental facts. The mean crushing force of the foam-filled sections is calculated using straightforward closed-form methods based on the computational models. It is shown that the increase in the mean crushing force of a full column increases linearly with the cross-sectional area and foam compressive resistance. The proposal, for a variety of column designs, materials, and foam strengths, has been within 8% of the experimental data. Ultimately, the results highlight the advantages of using concentric cylindrical tubes to absorb impact energy in circumstances with axial loads. It only understands well how control the absorbed energy by using the geometrical features of such structures. The purpose of this study is to suggest design solutions on how to use concentric cylindrical tubes in energy absorption applications like crash-worthiness.
金属管的轴向折叠作为一种极好的吸能方法,多年来一直享有盛名。大批量的工业项目,如汽车、火车和其他部门,在挤压情况下必须以受控的方式吸收能量,正在使用基于该概念的组件。从乘用车安全设计的角度出发,研究破碎能吸收是至关重要和值得期待的。这些都是彻底的实验和计算如何泡沫铝填充截面表现轴向压缩。为了表示准静态试验环境,进行了非线性动态有限元研究。结果表明,预测的破碎力和褶皱形态与实验结果相当接近。采用基于计算模型的直接闭式方法计算了泡沫填充截面的平均破碎力。结果表明,全柱平均破碎力的增加与截面积和泡沫抗压阻力成线性关系。对于各种柱设计、材料和泡沫强度,该建议的误差在实验数据的8%以内。最后,结果强调了在轴向载荷情况下使用同心圆柱管吸收冲击能量的优势。它只能很好地理解如何利用这种结构的几何特征来控制吸收的能量。本研究的目的是就如何在能量吸收应用中使用同心圆柱形管提出设计解决方案,如耐撞性。
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引用次数: 0
Development of Biodegradable Pressure Sensor for Orthopedic Applications 可生物降解骨科压力传感器的研制
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.18311/jmmf/2022/31206
A. S, Hanumantharaju Hg, Harshith, Hrithik Eric Fernandes
Many injuries & fractures are corrected by the means of surgery and regularly monitored by regular scans such as MRI, X-Ray etc. As the technology has improved over the years there are many advanced methods such as biodegradable pressure sensors which can be implanted during the surgery and used for extracting useful data. The material used to build this pressure sensor will be completely made of biodegradable materials to cause no side effects or harm to the body. The preferred fabrication method is Ink jet printer method or Screen-printing method. This biodegradable pressure sensor will be a huge boon to all humanity as it will be able to provide live data of pressure and strain acting on the injured bone which will be useful in recovery and rehabilitation. With this data the doctor can access the recovery and tailer the activities of the injured bone.
许多损伤和骨折都是通过手术矫正的,并通过MRI、X射线等定期扫描进行定期监测。随着多年来技术的进步,有许多先进的方法,如可生物降解的压力传感器,可以在手术期间植入并用于提取有用的数据。用于制造这种压力传感器的材料将完全由可生物降解的材料制成,不会对身体造成副作用或伤害。优选的制造方法是喷墨打印机方法或丝网印刷方法。这种可生物降解的压力传感器将为全人类带来巨大的好处,因为它将能够提供作用在受伤骨骼上的压力和应变的实时数据,这将有助于恢复和康复。有了这些数据,医生就可以了解受伤骨骼的恢复情况和活动情况。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Mines, Metals and Fuels
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