Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1215/00358118-9812464
Charles Samuelson
Chrétien de Troyes’s Erec et Enide is about a husband’s appalling and disturbing mistreatment of his wife. Yet, this article contends, it can also be understood as a (perhaps surprisingly) critical reflection on sexual consent, which overlaps with key concerns of both medieval canon law and modern consent theory. In dialogue with each of these domains, this essay studies, first, how particular episodes not only call attention to the importance of sexual consent but also to factors that mitigate it—as well as to the more general limitations of the concept. Second, the article explores how the larger adventure series, which makes up the core of the romance, is persistently engaging with some of the knottiest issues in both medieval and modern thinking on sexual consent, such as its relation to equality, silence, volition, and the active/passive binary. Finally, the article reflects on the implications of considering this courtly romance alongside modern consent theory. On the one hand, modern theory pushes the medievalist to confront what is at stake in deeming Enide unable meaningfully to consent to the terms of her union with Erec. On the other, this medieval romance responds with crucial insights on, in particular, the history of the relationship between patriarchy and the concept of sexual consent.
chrimtien de Troyes的《Erec et Enide》讲述了一个丈夫对妻子骇人听闻、令人不安的虐待。然而，本文认为，它也可以被理解为(也许令人惊讶的)对性同意的批判性反思，这与中世纪教会法和现代同意理论的关键问题重叠。在与这些领域的对话中，本文首先研究了特定事件如何不仅引起人们对性同意的重要性的关注，而且还引起人们对减轻性同意的因素的关注，以及这个概念的更普遍的局限性。其次，本文探讨了构成浪漫故事核心的大冒险系列是如何持续地涉及中世纪和现代关于性同意的一些最棘手的问题的，比如它与平等、沉默、意志和主动/被动二元的关系。最后，文章反映了考虑这种宫廷浪漫与现代同意理论的含义。一方面，现代理论促使中世纪主义者去面对什么是危险的，认为恩德德无法有意义地同意她与埃里克的结合条件。另一方面，这部中世纪的浪漫小说对父权制和性同意概念之间关系的历史有着重要的见解。
{"title":"Erec et Enide and the Concept of Consent","authors":"Charles Samuelson","doi":"10.1215/00358118-9812464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00358118-9812464","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Chrétien de Troyes’s Erec et Enide is about a husband’s appalling and disturbing mistreatment of his wife. Yet, this article contends, it can also be understood as a (perhaps surprisingly) critical reflection on sexual consent, which overlaps with key concerns of both medieval canon law and modern consent theory. In dialogue with each of these domains, this essay studies, first, how particular episodes not only call attention to the importance of sexual consent but also to factors that mitigate it—as well as to the more general limitations of the concept. Second, the article explores how the larger adventure series, which makes up the core of the romance, is persistently engaging with some of the knottiest issues in both medieval and modern thinking on sexual consent, such as its relation to equality, silence, volition, and the active/passive binary. Finally, the article reflects on the implications of considering this courtly romance alongside modern consent theory. On the one hand, modern theory pushes the medievalist to confront what is at stake in deeming Enide unable meaningfully to consent to the terms of her union with Erec. On the other, this medieval romance responds with crucial insights on, in particular, the history of the relationship between patriarchy and the concept of sexual consent.","PeriodicalId":39614,"journal":{"name":"Romanic Review","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85815850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1215/00358118-9812484
Célia Abele
This essay shows that the pre-Romantic conception of the late Rousseau as alone in nature has led to misunderstandings of the project of the Rêveries du promeneur solitaire as an exclusively solipsistic text about Rousseau’s self turning inward. Focusing on the central “Fifth Promenade” of the Rêveries, this article argues that, on the contrary, it is an early enactment of the literary realism of the nineteenth-century novel that faces outward by describing both society and nature. The article shows how society and the state are included within its narrative, which employs several features typical of realism. The presence of details describing the natural and social environment is linked to how the “Promenade” centers his scientific attention to plant life on the island. That fact points to the deep epistemological connection between science and realism. Rousseau’s text, which is explicitly bound up with his practice of collecting plants to preserve them in herbaria, achieves this through an epistemology of synecdoche and the microcosm that makes it possible to move between part and whole.
这篇文章表明，前浪漫主义对晚期卢梭自然孤独的观念导致了对Rêveries du promeneur solitaire项目的误解，该项目是关于卢梭自我转向内向的唯一唯我主义文本。本文以Rêveries的中心“第五长廊”为研究对象，认为相反，它是19世纪小说文学现实主义的早期写照，通过描述社会和自然向外发展。文章展示了社会和国家是如何被纳入其叙事的，它采用了几个典型的现实主义特征。描述自然和社会环境的细节的存在与“长廊”如何将他的科学注意力集中在岛上的植物生命上有关。这一事实指出了科学与实在论之间深刻的认识论联系。卢梭的文本，明确地与他收集植物保存在植物标本馆的实践联系在一起，通过提喻和微观世界的认识论实现了这一点，这使得在部分和整体之间移动成为可能。
{"title":"Rousseau on the Île Saint-Pierre","authors":"Célia Abele","doi":"10.1215/00358118-9812484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00358118-9812484","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This essay shows that the pre-Romantic conception of the late Rousseau as alone in nature has led to misunderstandings of the project of the Rêveries du promeneur solitaire as an exclusively solipsistic text about Rousseau’s self turning inward. Focusing on the central “Fifth Promenade” of the Rêveries, this article argues that, on the contrary, it is an early enactment of the literary realism of the nineteenth-century novel that faces outward by describing both society and nature. The article shows how society and the state are included within its narrative, which employs several features typical of realism. The presence of details describing the natural and social environment is linked to how the “Promenade” centers his scientific attention to plant life on the island. That fact points to the deep epistemological connection between science and realism. Rousseau’s text, which is explicitly bound up with his practice of collecting plants to preserve them in herbaria, achieves this through an epistemology of synecdoche and the microcosm that makes it possible to move between part and whole.","PeriodicalId":39614,"journal":{"name":"Romanic Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82956602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1215/00358118-9812474
Giulia Boitani
The initial section of the thirteenth-century Tristan en prose has been the subject of multiple critical investigations, mostly devoted to identifying its teleological purpose or figurative function in relation to the rest of the romance. This article proposes to reframe the question by reading the narrative of incest that dominates the “prehistory” of the prose Tristan against two key concepts that inform Michel Foucault’s 1971 essay “Nietzsche, la généalogie, l’histoire.” First, Foucault’s focus on the succession of discursive formations allows for a reinterpretation of the “guerre des récits” that traverses the Tristan: within this critical framework, Foucault’s work on judicial forms permits the identification of the points of emergence of new power/knowledge relationships within the prehistory, with the advent of ecclesiastical authority embodied by Saint Augustine and affirmed in the context of the saint’s public ordeal. Second, Foucault’s reading of the body as the surface of inscription of such discursive conflicts sheds light on the ways in which the saint’s discourse rewrites the bodies of the two protagonists, Apollo and Chelinde, and frames them within the lines of lineage. However, once Augustine’s narrative of “origin” is reinscribed in its discursive context, it clearly appears as purposefully chimeric. Because Tristan’s Arimathean lineage is founded on the revelation of Apollo and Chelinde’s incest, the very idea of unbroken continuity and ordered descent within genealogy is revealed as an illusion: it is a genealogical stemma that only exists in virtue of an archetypal error—the “bad grammar” of incest.
13世纪特里斯坦散文的最初部分一直是多种批评调查的主题，主要是为了确定其目的论目的或比喻功能与浪漫小说的其他部分的关系。本文建议通过阅读在散文《特里斯坦》的“史前史”中占主导地位的乱伦叙事，来重新构建这个问题，反对米歇尔·福柯在1971年的文章《尼采，我的)》中的两个关键概念。首先，福柯对话语形成的继承的关注允许对穿越特里斯坦的“guerre des rcits”的重新解释:在这个批判框架内，福柯关于司法形式的工作允许对史前时期出现的新权力/知识关系的点进行识别，伴随着圣奥古斯丁体现的教会权威的出现，并在圣人的公共磨难的背景下得到肯定。其次，福柯对身体的解读，作为这种话语冲突的铭文的表面，揭示了圣人的话语重写两个主角阿波罗和谢林德的身体的方式，并将他们置于血统的范围内。然而，一旦奥古斯丁的“起源”叙事被重新写进它的话语语境中，它显然是有目的的嵌合。因为特里斯坦的亚利马西亚血统是建立在阿波罗和切琳德的乱伦的启示之上的，所以家谱中不间断的连续性和有序的血统的想法被揭示为一种幻觉:它是一种家谱体系，只存在于一个原型错误——乱伦的“坏语法”。
{"title":"Tristan’s Origins","authors":"Giulia Boitani","doi":"10.1215/00358118-9812474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00358118-9812474","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The initial section of the thirteenth-century Tristan en prose has been the subject of multiple critical investigations, mostly devoted to identifying its teleological purpose or figurative function in relation to the rest of the romance. This article proposes to reframe the question by reading the narrative of incest that dominates the “prehistory” of the prose Tristan against two key concepts that inform Michel Foucault’s 1971 essay “Nietzsche, la généalogie, l’histoire.” First, Foucault’s focus on the succession of discursive formations allows for a reinterpretation of the “guerre des récits” that traverses the Tristan: within this critical framework, Foucault’s work on judicial forms permits the identification of the points of emergence of new power/knowledge relationships within the prehistory, with the advent of ecclesiastical authority embodied by Saint Augustine and affirmed in the context of the saint’s public ordeal. Second, Foucault’s reading of the body as the surface of inscription of such discursive conflicts sheds light on the ways in which the saint’s discourse rewrites the bodies of the two protagonists, Apollo and Chelinde, and frames them within the lines of lineage. However, once Augustine’s narrative of “origin” is reinscribed in its discursive context, it clearly appears as purposefully chimeric. Because Tristan’s Arimathean lineage is founded on the revelation of Apollo and Chelinde’s incest, the very idea of unbroken continuity and ordered descent within genealogy is revealed as an illusion: it is a genealogical stemma that only exists in virtue of an archetypal error—the “bad grammar” of incest.","PeriodicalId":39614,"journal":{"name":"Romanic Review","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79761792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1215/00358118-9812554
T. Pavel
{"title":"A Story with Characters and Action","authors":"T. Pavel","doi":"10.1215/00358118-9812554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00358118-9812554","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39614,"journal":{"name":"Romanic Review","volume":"139 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76850867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1215/00358118-9812594
G. Williams
{"title":"Ovid: A Very Short Introduction","authors":"G. Williams","doi":"10.1215/00358118-9812594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00358118-9812594","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39614,"journal":{"name":"Romanic Review","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88298197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1215/00358118-9560676
Maggie Fritz-Morkin
Some medical treatises from medieval France and Italy demonstrate surprising rhetorical exuberance, especially in the paratexts where an authorial persona can emerge in the first person. This essay launches from the scatological metaphors and epithets in the exordia of works and commentaries by the physicians Archimattheus, Gilles of Corbeil, and Gentile da Foligno. In captationes benevolentiae styled after Ciceronian precepts, these authors attack their rivals before presenting their own superior science. Their scurrilous invectives—“Hoc salernitani cacantes sanitatem nominant!” (This is what the shitting Salernitans call health!); “discursores alienis fecibus imbuti” (vagrants steeped in other dreck)—tap into carnivalesque modes where excrement is organic, filthy, vituperative, and comic, in contrast to the sterility of the treatises’ technical, Scholastic discourse. A close reading of Gilles’s twelfth-century Carmina de urinarum iudiciis (Songs on Judging Urine) and Gentile’s fourteenth-century commentary on this verse treatise shows that both of these experts in uroscopy tie their excremental imagery into a nuanced poetics that extends from the paratexts into the heart of the work. Both writers demonstrate acute metaliterary sensibility, and respectable training in classical and medieval theories of rhetoric and poetry. Gilles defends his choice to write in verse through a constellation of metaphors pitting the synthetic clarity of both urine and poetry against the muddled confusion of feces and prose. He further ennobles his work by comparing the hermeneutics of uroscopy with allegorical interpretation. Gentile assumes the role of exegete, interpreting Gilles’s verses and unveiling their philosophical and theoretical underpinnings.
一些来自中世纪法国和意大利的医学论文表现出惊人的修辞活力，特别是在作者角色可以以第一人称出现的副文本中。本文从医学家阿奇马透斯、科贝尔的吉尔斯和弗莱尼奥的著作和评论的绪论中所使用的污秽学隐喻和形容词出发。在Ciceronian戒律之后的标题仁慈风格中，这些作者在展示他们自己的卓越科学之前攻击他们的对手。他们粗鄙的谩骂——“Hoc salernitani canantes sanitation提名人!”(这就是该死的Salernitans所谓的健康!);“discursores alienis fecibus imbuti”(沉浸在其他饮料中的流浪者)——进入狂欢式的模式，其中粪便是有机的、肮脏的、谩骂的、滑稽的，与论文中技术的、学术的话语的贫瘠形成对比。仔细阅读吉尔斯12世纪的《审尿之歌》(Carmina de urinarum iudiciis)和外邦莱14世纪对这篇诗歌论文的评论就会发现，这两位泌尿镜专家将他们的排泄物意象与一种微妙的诗学联系在一起，这种诗学从文本延伸到作品的核心。两位作家都表现出敏锐的元文学敏感性，并在古典和中世纪的修辞和诗歌理论方面受过良好的训练。吉尔斯为自己选择用诗歌写作进行辩护，他使用了一系列隐喻，将尿液和诗歌的综合清晰与粪便和散文的混乱对立起来。他通过将泌尿镜的解释学与寓言解释进行比较，进一步提升了他的工作。外邦人承担了注释者的角色，解释吉尔斯的诗句，揭示他们的哲学和理论基础。
{"title":"Poetry and Poetics in Gilles of Corbeil and Gentile da Foligno’s Carmina de urinarum iudiciis","authors":"Maggie Fritz-Morkin","doi":"10.1215/00358118-9560676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00358118-9560676","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Some medical treatises from medieval France and Italy demonstrate surprising rhetorical exuberance, especially in the paratexts where an authorial persona can emerge in the first person. This essay launches from the scatological metaphors and epithets in the exordia of works and commentaries by the physicians Archimattheus, Gilles of Corbeil, and Gentile da Foligno. In captationes benevolentiae styled after Ciceronian precepts, these authors attack their rivals before presenting their own superior science. Their scurrilous invectives—“Hoc salernitani cacantes sanitatem nominant!” (This is what the shitting Salernitans call health!); “discursores alienis fecibus imbuti” (vagrants steeped in other dreck)—tap into carnivalesque modes where excrement is organic, filthy, vituperative, and comic, in contrast to the sterility of the treatises’ technical, Scholastic discourse. A close reading of Gilles’s twelfth-century Carmina de urinarum iudiciis (Songs on Judging Urine) and Gentile’s fourteenth-century commentary on this verse treatise shows that both of these experts in uroscopy tie their excremental imagery into a nuanced poetics that extends from the paratexts into the heart of the work. Both writers demonstrate acute metaliterary sensibility, and respectable training in classical and medieval theories of rhetoric and poetry. Gilles defends his choice to write in verse through a constellation of metaphors pitting the synthetic clarity of both urine and poetry against the muddled confusion of feces and prose. He further ennobles his work by comparing the hermeneutics of uroscopy with allegorical interpretation. Gentile assumes the role of exegete, interpreting Gilles’s verses and unveiling their philosophical and theoretical underpinnings.","PeriodicalId":39614,"journal":{"name":"Romanic Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83406251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1215/00358118-9560692
Joseph R. Johnson
What is the physician’s species? In the vernacular beast fables and so-called beast epics that suddenly flourished in the twelfth century, medical (mal)practice forms a central concern. Nearly a tenth of the stories in Marie de France’s Aesopian fable collection deal with illnesses and their treatments; the Roman de Renart, for its part, finds Doctor Fox using his aura of medical authority to torture his fellow animals as part of a cruel and prolonged “cure.” Through an extended analysis of the figure of the doctor, who stands at the center of many of these medical narratives, this article argues that such texts draw their readers into the logic of the “animal clinic”: a conceptual space in which stakes of species difference and predation circulate alongside genuine medical knowledge, with the resulting instability calling into question everything from the nature of the cure to the desire of the sovereign.
{"title":"The Physician’s Species","authors":"Joseph R. Johnson","doi":"10.1215/00358118-9560692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00358118-9560692","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 What is the physician’s species? In the vernacular beast fables and so-called beast epics that suddenly flourished in the twelfth century, medical (mal)practice forms a central concern. Nearly a tenth of the stories in Marie de France’s Aesopian fable collection deal with illnesses and their treatments; the Roman de Renart, for its part, finds Doctor Fox using his aura of medical authority to torture his fellow animals as part of a cruel and prolonged “cure.” Through an extended analysis of the figure of the doctor, who stands at the center of many of these medical narratives, this article argues that such texts draw their readers into the logic of the “animal clinic”: a conceptual space in which stakes of species difference and predation circulate alongside genuine medical knowledge, with the resulting instability calling into question everything from the nature of the cure to the desire of the sovereign.","PeriodicalId":39614,"journal":{"name":"Romanic Review","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86757394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1215/00358118-9560724
Yonsoo Kim
Physical illness may lead women to grow spiritually, reflect on their lives, and learn how to write about their unique experiences. A fifteenth-century Castilian writer, Teresa de Cartagena distinguishes herself for being a nun, a conversa, a member of a powerful Jewish family, and most of all a disabled (deaf) woman of letters. Her work Arboleda de los enfermos represents a hybrid paradigm in which literature, religion, and medicine interact with one another in medieval Europe. Teresa’s use of embodied metaphors to describe her experience of isolation and loneliness helps reorient readers’ understanding of the disability narrative. Suffering itself serves as an embodiment of consolation and as a medical and religious treatment that relieves her suffering. This article argues that to objectively examine her illness and disability, Teresa deploys intersectional knowledge to interpret her experience, and to empower herself and those who are suffering from the same condition, asserting that deafness, like any other physical impairment, is not a social or religious punishment but rather a “privileged” condition.
身体疾病可能会引导女性在精神上成长，反思她们的生活，并学习如何写下她们独特的经历。特蕾莎·德·卡塔赫纳是一位15世纪的卡斯蒂利亚作家，她不仅是一名修女，一名谈话者，一个强大的犹太家庭的成员，最重要的是，她还是一名残疾(失聪)的女文学家。她的作品Arboleda de los enfermos代表了中世纪欧洲文学、宗教和医学相互作用的混合范式。特蕾莎运用具象化的隐喻来描述她的孤立和孤独的经历，有助于重新定位读者对残疾叙事的理解。痛苦本身是一种安慰的体现，是一种减轻她痛苦的医学和宗教治疗。本文认为，为了客观地审视她的疾病和残疾，特蕾莎运用交叉知识来解释她的经历，并赋予自己和那些患有同样疾病的人力量，声称耳聋，像任何其他身体缺陷一样，不是社会或宗教的惩罚，而是一种“特权”状况。
{"title":"Teresa de Cartagena’s Illness and Disability as Embodied Knowledge","authors":"Yonsoo Kim","doi":"10.1215/00358118-9560724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00358118-9560724","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Physical illness may lead women to grow spiritually, reflect on their lives, and learn how to write about their unique experiences. A fifteenth-century Castilian writer, Teresa de Cartagena distinguishes herself for being a nun, a conversa, a member of a powerful Jewish family, and most of all a disabled (deaf) woman of letters. Her work Arboleda de los enfermos represents a hybrid paradigm in which literature, religion, and medicine interact with one another in medieval Europe. Teresa’s use of embodied metaphors to describe her experience of isolation and loneliness helps reorient readers’ understanding of the disability narrative. Suffering itself serves as an embodiment of consolation and as a medical and religious treatment that relieves her suffering. This article argues that to objectively examine her illness and disability, Teresa deploys intersectional knowledge to interpret her experience, and to empower herself and those who are suffering from the same condition, asserting that deafness, like any other physical impairment, is not a social or religious punishment but rather a “privileged” condition.","PeriodicalId":39614,"journal":{"name":"Romanic Review","volume":"79 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77509663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1215/00358118-9560708
K. Long
The régime de santé, already by the end of the medieval era a well-developed genre that offered advice on diet and other health practices, found new life in the sixteenth century as the Galenic works on food and hygiene that informed it were translated into Latin and even into vernacular languages. The precepts of this genre entered into the literary culture of early modern France primarily through the avenue of satire, in which characters were defined by the food they ate and by other aspects of the Galenic regimen. Because of its association with treatises on the education of princes, the régime de santé took a political turn, something that is also echoed in satirical literature. One clear example of the politics of the régime de santé is the banquet scene of L’Isle des hermaphrodites (The Island of Hermaphrodites), published in 1605 and circulated widely in Paris. This novel seems at first glance to be a fairly straightforward satire of the excesses of the court of Henri III of France (r. 1574–1589). Yet the banquet scene evokes the flexibility of diet and of other aspects of the Galenic regimen in the profusion and variety of food presented. In linking the practices of the hermaphrodites to contemporary works on the régime de santé, this novel suggests another possibility: a world where the needs of an individual living in a particular environment are met with a diet and way of life appropriate to those needs. In presenting this alternative view, the novel raises the question whether such individualized care is merely self-indulgent or whether it is very much needed in the aftermath of the massive trauma of the Wars of Religion.
到中世纪末期，这种提供饮食和其他健康实践建议的流派已经发展得很好。16世纪，随着盖伦关于食品和卫生的著作被翻译成拉丁语，甚至被翻译成当地语言，这种流派获得了新生。这种类型的戒律主要是通过讽刺的途径进入近代早期法国的文学文化，在讽刺中，人物是由他们吃的食物和盖伦制度的其他方面来定义的。由于与有关王子教育的论文有关联，《桑塔伊姆革命》转向了政治，这在讽刺文学中也得到了呼应。《雌雄同体之岛》(L’isle des hermaphrodites)的宴会场景，就是一个明显的例子，它出版于1605年，在巴黎广为流传。乍一看，这部小说似乎是对法国亨利三世(1574-1589)宫廷过度行为的相当直接的讽刺。然而，宴会的场景唤起了饮食的灵活性和盖伦饮食的其他方面丰富多样的食物。通过将雌雄同体的行为与当代关于桑塔伊姆的作品联系起来，这本小说提出了另一种可能性:在一个特定环境中生活的个体的需求得到了与这些需求相适应的饮食和生活方式的满足。在提出这种不同的观点时，小说提出了这样一个问题:这种个性化的护理是否仅仅是自我放纵，还是在宗教战争的巨大创伤之后非常需要它?
{"title":"Dining with the Hermaphrodites","authors":"K. Long","doi":"10.1215/00358118-9560708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00358118-9560708","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The régime de santé, already by the end of the medieval era a well-developed genre that offered advice on diet and other health practices, found new life in the sixteenth century as the Galenic works on food and hygiene that informed it were translated into Latin and even into vernacular languages. The precepts of this genre entered into the literary culture of early modern France primarily through the avenue of satire, in which characters were defined by the food they ate and by other aspects of the Galenic regimen. Because of its association with treatises on the education of princes, the régime de santé took a political turn, something that is also echoed in satirical literature. One clear example of the politics of the régime de santé is the banquet scene of L’Isle des hermaphrodites (The Island of Hermaphrodites), published in 1605 and circulated widely in Paris. This novel seems at first glance to be a fairly straightforward satire of the excesses of the court of Henri III of France (r. 1574–1589). Yet the banquet scene evokes the flexibility of diet and of other aspects of the Galenic regimen in the profusion and variety of food presented. In linking the practices of the hermaphrodites to contemporary works on the régime de santé, this novel suggests another possibility: a world where the needs of an individual living in a particular environment are met with a diet and way of life appropriate to those needs. In presenting this alternative view, the novel raises the question whether such individualized care is merely self-indulgent or whether it is very much needed in the aftermath of the massive trauma of the Wars of Religion.","PeriodicalId":39614,"journal":{"name":"Romanic Review","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74794695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：