Pub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.1215/00358118-8007992
A. Bernau
In An Inquiry into the Modes of Existence, which addresses itself to the profound challenge of how to “compose” a common world in the Anthropocene, Bruno Latour proposes that the mode of religion [REL] offers a model for all the others—that of reprise. Emerging from the practice of biblical exegesis, reprise refers to an open-ended process of meaning making opposed to the rigid certainties of fundamentalism. [REL] also contributes a concept of radical transformation through love (“conversion”). For Latour, two events from the Virgin Mary’s life—the Annunciation and the Assumption—illustrate reprise and conversion, both of which are necessary in coming to terms with monogeism, the knowledge that there is only one world. This essay examines Latour’s proposed relationship between reprise and conversion through a consideration of late medieval Marian devotion. Focusing on vernacular accounts of Mary’s Assumption, it argues that reprise leads to violent as well as loving conversions; indeed, violence can proceed in the name of love. The essay concludes that composition, reprise, and conversion come together in ways that trouble late medieval accounts of the Assumption, the mode of religion, and life in the Anthropocene.
布鲁诺·拉图尔（Bruno Latour）在《生存模式探究》（An Inquiry into the Modes of Existence）一书中提出，宗教模式为所有其他人提供了一个模式——重演。重演源于圣经注释的实践，指的是一个开放式的意义形成过程，而不是原教旨主义的僵化确定性。[REL]还提出了一个通过爱进行彻底转变的概念（“转换”）。对拉图尔来说，圣母玛利亚一生中的两件事——报喜和升天——说明了重演和皈依，这两件事对于接受一元主义是必要的，即只有一个世界。本文通过对中世纪晚期玛丽安奉献精神的思考，探讨了拉图尔提出的重演与皈依之间的关系。它聚焦于对《圣母升天》的白话描述，认为重演会导致暴力和爱的皈依；事实上，暴力可以以爱的名义进行。文章的结论是，构成、重演和皈依结合在一起，困扰着中世纪晚期对圣母升天、宗教模式和人类世生活的描述。
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Pub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.1215/00358118-8007978
Luke Sunderland
This essay offers an encounter with Bruno Latour’s account of ontological pluralism by way of a close reading of the Livre des propriétés des choses, Jean Corbechon’s fourteenth-century French translation of Bartholomaeus Anglicus’s encyclopedia. Engagement with Latour’s Inquiry into Modes of Existence enables a new reading of medieval encyclopedias that takes seriously Latour’s suggestion that premodern cosmologies retain importance for modern ecological thought while simultaneously challenging his arguments about the rigidity of ontologies based on ideas of nature, substance, and matter. This essay argues that the Livre deploys precisely such an ontology in dynamic and flexible ways. The varying visual programs in Livre manuscripts each configure the encyclopedia’s ontology differently, either making humans privileged observers of nature or positioning them as subject to its laws while adopting varying solutions for communicating ontological contentions to readers.
这篇文章提供了布鲁诺·拉图尔对本体论多元论的描述，通过仔细阅读让·柯比雄14世纪对巴塞洛缪·安利库斯百科全书的法语翻译——《自由自在的生活》(Livre des propriactassis des choses)。通过研读拉图尔的《存在模式的探究》，我们可以对中世纪百科全书进行新的解读，认真对待拉图尔关于前现代宇宙论对现代生态思想的重要性的建议，同时挑战他关于基于自然、实体和物质观念的本体论的刚性的论点。本文认为，Livre以动态和灵活的方式精确地部署了这样一个本体论。利弗尔手稿中不同的视觉程序都以不同的方式配置了百科全书的本体，要么使人类成为自然的特权观察者，要么将他们定位为自然法则的主体，同时采用不同的解决方案向读者传达本体论的争论。
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Pub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.1215/00358118-8008006
G. Harman
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Pub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.1215/00358118-8007985
Emma Campbell
As moralized works of natural history that are simultaneously scientific and religious, medieval bestiaries combine the modes Bruno Latour terms reference [REF] and religion [REL]. Bestiaries challenge the dualisms Latour identifies as central features of Modern thinking: they foreground the mediated nature of the world, they ground their descriptions in textual traditions and religious doctrine rather than direct observation, and they represent nature as articulate rather than mute. Latour’s modes help us understand the multimodal nature of bestiaries in ways that refuse the Modern preconceptions that often determine the reception of these texts today. Bestiaries in turn expose certain Modern biases that persist in Latour’s modes of existence, most notably in the crossing of the referential and religious modes [REF•REL]. This essay explores the larger implications of this problem by focusing on the operations of the religious mode [REL] in medieval bestiaries—a mode that includes reference [REF] but does not cross with it as a separate mode. Latour’s dismantling of the Modern opposition between world and words invites a reassessment of how we conceptualize the agency of language in the modes of existence.
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Pub Date : 2019-03-18DOI: 10.1215/00358118-9377366
Lise Forment
Cet article se concentre sur la participation de Marie-Jeanne Lhéritier aux Querelles des Contes et des Femmes, et cherche à éclairer le sens de son intervention dans les débats entre Anciens et Modernes. La conteuse y fait entendre une voix singulière, qui ne se résume pas aux liens de parenté et d’intérêt l’unissant à Charles Perrault, son « oncle » et mentor. C’est précisément par l’étude du motif de la filiation qu’on peut problématiser la trop évidente solidarité familiale observable entre les deux auteurs : se formule en effet, à la croisée des querelles auxquelles Lhéritier participe, une appropriation originale des figures de la transmission. Sa position apparaît non seulement dans les généalogies et scénographies féminines que ses péritextes construisent, mais aussi, de manière spéculaire, dans les « historiettes » des Œuvres meslées, où il est question d’héritages fort délicats – de « dons » bien sûr, de « survivance » aussi, et d’« apanage » . . . Ce faisant, l’autrice interroge et concurrence les vues des Modernes comme celles des Anciens.
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Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1215/26885220-110.1-4.291
{"title":"Books Received for 2018–2019","authors":"","doi":"10.1215/26885220-110.1-4.291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/26885220-110.1-4.291","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39614,"journal":{"name":"Romanic Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82959597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1215/26885220-110.1-4.91
M. Samuels
{"title":"Friendship and Betrayal: The Duchesse de Berry, Simon Deutz, and Modern France’s First Anti-Semitic Affair","authors":"M. Samuels","doi":"10.1215/26885220-110.1-4.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/26885220-110.1-4.91","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39614,"journal":{"name":"Romanic Review","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83369927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1215/26885220-110.1-4.53
G. Houbre
{"title":"« Rien que des amis » : les dernières volontés de Valtesse de La Bigne","authors":"G. Houbre","doi":"10.1215/26885220-110.1-4.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/26885220-110.1-4.53","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39614,"journal":{"name":"Romanic Review","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84019762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1215/26885220-110.1-4.247
Sarah M. Horowitz
{"title":"Scandalous Friendships: The Dangers of Intimacy in the Steinheil Affair of 1908–1909","authors":"Sarah M. Horowitz","doi":"10.1215/26885220-110.1-4.247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/26885220-110.1-4.247","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39614,"journal":{"name":"Romanic Review","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79360569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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